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This paper aims to present innovative criteria for characterizing the oscillatory behavior of second‐order nonlinear delay dynamics expressed in noncanonical form with sublinear neutral terms. We achieve this by converting the noncanonical equation into an equivalent canonical form. The practical examples presented throughout this paper illustrate the significance of our findings and contribute to enhancing, generalizing, and augmenting the existing literature on this subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We introduce the class of analytic and univalent functions of the form f(z) = z + ∑ az ∞ j j=2 for z ∈ △:= {z: |z| < 1} that satisfies 1 + 1 μ {(Sλ tf(z)) ′ − 1} ≺ (1+Lz) (1+Mz), z∈△, such that L and M are fixed numbers where satisfy −1 ≤ M < L ≤ 1, T ≥ 0, λ > −1 and μ is arbitrary complex number. We denote this subclass by Qμ (τ, λ, L, M). In this paper, we determine coefficients estimates, distortion theorem and maximization theorem for the new subclass Qμ (τ, λ, L, M). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abdullah R Alzahrani,1 Doaa I Mohamed,2 Hebatallah H Abo Nahas,3 Dalia Alaa El-Din Aly El-Waseef,4 Abdulmalik S Altamimi,5 Ibrahim H Youssef,6 Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim,1 Soha MY Mohamed,7 Yasmine Gamal Sabry,7 Alaa H Falemban,1 Nasser Attia Elhawary,8 Ghazi A Bamagous,1 Mariusz Jaremko,9 Essa M Saied10,11 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; 3Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt; 4Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; 5Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia; 6Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; 7Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; 8Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia; 9Smart-Health Initiative and Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia; 10Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; 11Institute for Chemistry, Humboldt Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, GermanyCorrespondence: Essa M Saied, Institute for Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, 12489, Germany, Email saiedess@hu-berlin.deIntroduction: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and tissue remodeling can greatly impair pulmonary function and often lead to fatal outcomes.Methodology: In the present study, we explored a novel molecular interplay of long noncoding (Lnc) RNA CBR3-AS1/ miRNA-29/ FIZZ1 axis in moderating the inflammatory processes, immunological responses, and oxidative stress pathways in bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrosis. Furthermore, we investigated the pharmacological potential of Trimetazidine (TMZ) in ameliorating lung fibrosis.Results: Our results revealed that the BLM-treated group exhibited a significant upregulation in the expression of epigenetic regulators, lncRNA CBR3-AS1 and FIZZ1, compared to the control group (P< 0.0001), along with the downregulation of miRNA-29 expression. Furthermore, Correlation analysis showed a significant positive association between lnc CBR3-AS1 and FIZZ1 (R=0.7723, p< 0.05) and a significant negative association between miRNA-29 and FIZZ1 (R=− 0.7535, p< 0.05), suggesting lnc CBR3-AS1 as an epigenetic regulator of FIZZ1 in lung fibrosis. BLM treatment significantly increased the expression of Notch, Jagged1, Smad3, TGFB1, and hydroxyproline. Interestingly, the administration of TMZ demonstrated the ability to attenuate the deterioration effects caused by BLM treatment, as indicated by biochemical and histological analyses. Our investigations revealed that the therapeutic potential of TMZ as an antifibrotic drug could be ascribed to its ability to directly target the epigenetic regulators lncRNA CBR3-AS1/ miRNA-29/ FIZZ1, which in turn resulted in the mitigation of lung fibrosis. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses further validated the potential antifibrotic effects of TMZ by mitigating the structural damage associated with fibrosis.Discussion: Taken together, our study showed for the first time the interplay between epigenetic lncRNAs CBR3-AS1 and miRNA-29 in lung fibrosis and demonstrated that FIZZ1 could be a downregulatory gene for lncRNA CBR3-AS1 and miRNA-29. Our key findings demonstrate that TMZ significantly reduces the expression of fibrotic, oxidative stress, immunomodulatory, and inflammatory markers, along with epigenetic regulators associated with lung fibrosis. This validates its potential as an effective antifibrotic agent by targeting the CBR3-AS1/miRNA-29/FIZZ1 axis. Keywords: lung fibrosis, long noncoding RNA CBR3-AS1, miRNA-29, FIZZ1, trimetazidine, histopathology

Flax is considered to be one of the most significant dual-purpose crops for oil and fiber production in Egypt and worldwide. Biofertilizers have a substantial impact on various metabolic processes, including increased photosynthesis, endogenous hormone levels, ion absorption, nucleic acid synthesis, and protein synthesis. These factors collectively contribute to the growth and development of plants. Therefore, this study aims to investigate how three biofertilizers (Algae extract, CMS as a by-product of yeast, and Metalosate multi minerals as amino acids) can enhance both the quantity and quality of flax seed yield under sandy soil conditions. Two field experiments were conducted at the Experimental Station of National Research Centre in Nubaria District, Behira Governorate, Egypt during two seasons (2021/2022) using a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The results revealed significant differences among all tested biofertilizers in terms of various characteristics studied in flax. Foliar application of algae extract at a rate of 1.50 ​mL/L resulted in an increase in seed yield (ton/ha) by 26.69% & 19.89%, straw yield (ton/ha) by 8.08% & 17.12%, and oil yield (kg/ha) by 47.72% & 33.69% compared to the control group during both seasons respectively. Foliar applications of algae extract at a rate of 1.50 ​mL/L along with CMS at a rate of 5 ​mL/L and amino acids at a rate of 1.50 ​mL/L demonstrated significantly higher macronutrient contents (N, P, K), micronutrient contents (Fe, Zn, Mn), seed oil content, and protein content in flax seeds during both seasons. The highest values for seed oil content and protein content % were obtained through foliar application of amino acids at a rate of 1.50 ​mL/L. It can be concluded that foliar sprays with these biofertilizers effectively improved flax performance by increasing seed straw and oil yields, nutrients oil, protein and fatty acids seeds contents.

Two field experiments were conducted during the main seasons of 2021/2022 ​at the Research and Production Station of National Research Centre in Egypt to investigate the effects of farmyard manure (FYM) and boron on Canola growth, yield, oil yield, and quality. The results unequivocally demonstrated that the combined application of FYM at a rate of 14.4 ​ton ​ha−1 with a foliar spray of boron at 100 ppm positively influenced plant characteristics, leading to enhanced growth rates and higher yields compared to the control group. Moreover, this integrated approach significantly improved nutrient content by enhancing levels of oil content, carbohydrates, proteins, phenolics, flavonoids, and total soluble sugars. These findings provide compelling evidence that utilizing farm manure along with boron can effectively enhance Canola properties in newly reclaimed soils while promoting sustainable agricultural practices.

Abstract Background Water-scarce locations necessitate the deployment of creative and sustainable techniques for managing water for agricultural production. Field experiment was conducted at the Experimental Research Farm of National Research Centre, Nubaria region, Egypt to alleviate the harmful effect of water stress on the yield of Mediterranean barley varieties (Giza 125, Tombari, Ksar Megrine and Tamellat) by compost (0.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0-ton fed−1) and arginine application (0.00 and 1000 ppm) under deficit irrigation. The amounts of irrigation water applied were “900 and 450” m3 fed−1 to sufficient irrigation and deficit irrigation, respectively. Results The greatest and most significant values of the chlorophyll values and relative water content values obtained at the treatment supplied with 6.0-ton compost fed−1 and sprayed with Arginine. There was a significant dramatic decrease in proline content with increasing compost application rates and treated barley plants by Arginine for all the studied barley varieties under both studied irrigation treatments. Increasing compost application rate is associated with significant increase in number of spike m−2 without or with arginine. Barley Tombari variety received 6.0-ton compost fed−1 gained changes to give a greatest significant value of grain (ton fed−1) under sufficient irrigation and Tamellat under deficit irrigation situation. The significant maximum values of the grain yield (1.96- and 2.09-ton fed−1) were attained at Tombari and Tamellat varieties which received 6.0-ton fed−1 compost with or without arginine under sufficient irrigation. The increases in compost rate increment changes to incremented grain yield values with arginine application more than untreated one. The greatest and significant grain yield was found at the treatment received 6.0-ton compost fed−1 with arginine foliar application. Conclusion Compost application has an important role in maintaining greatest water use efficiency for plant and arginine application reported to contribute in reduction in destructive effects of a biotic stress thus their importance in increasing the barley production under water stress.

In this study, eggshell/poly pyrrole composites were investigated to remove chromium (VI) from the aqueous medium. Chromium removal experiments were performed as a batch reactor and parameters such as contact time, pH of chromium solution, and the amount of adsorbent consumed and adsorption isotherms were examined. Scanning electron microscopes (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were also used to characterize the adsorbent. The results of this study indicated that eggshell/poly pyrrole composites could have a favorable effect on the removal of chromium from the aqueous medium. Eggshell/poly pyrrole composite that was prepared in the presence of 2 gr/l Poly Ethylene glycol in a mixture of water and ethanol solvents as an adsorbent showed the highest removal efficiency with more than 80 % adsorption in chromium removal. The optimal chromium removal time for this composite was 30 min and the highest removal percentage was observed at acidic pH = 5. For eggshell/poly pyrrole composite that is prepared in the presence of 2 gr/l Poly Ethylene glycol in water/ethanol solvent, the adsorption process followed by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and the maximum amount of chromium adsorption per unit mass of the prepared composite was equal to175.5 mg/ gr.

Two newly bread wheat cultivars Misr 1 and Misr 2 were selected from CIMMYT wheat genotypes as resistant to stem rust specially the race Ug 99. Grain yield and rust resistance evaluation was performed through preliminary, advanced and varietal verification started in 2009/2010 through 201212013 growing seasons, compared to the check bread wheat cultivated cultivars. The results reveled that the grain yield of Misr 1 and Misr 2 exceeded wheat check cultivars in most of the tested locations. Generally, the new cultivars mean grain yield exceeded all the check cultivars means in preliminary, advanced and varietal verification yield trials and have high stable parameters allover the wheat cultivated areas. Testing the two new cultivars for stem and yellow rusts reaction, in the hot spots in Egypt, Uganda, Kenya and Ethiopia, indicated their resistance to stem and yellow rusts. Thus they could be highly recommended to be grown all over Egypt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The current study aimed to measure and decompose socioeconomic-related inequalities in DMFT (decayed, missing, and filled teeth) index among adults in Iran. Methods The study data were extracted from the adult component of Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN) from 17 centers in 14 different provinces of Iran. DMFT score was used as a measure of dental caries among adults in Iran. The concentration curve and relative concentration index (RC) was used to quantify and decompose socioeconomic-related inequalities in DMFT. Results A total of 128,813 adults aged 35 and older were included in the study. The mean (Standard Deviation [SD]) score of D, M, F and DMFT of the adults was 3.3 (4.6), 12.6 (10.5), 2.1 (3.4) and 18.0 (9.5), respectively. The findings suggested that DMFT was mainly concentrated among the socioeconomically disadvantaged adults (RC = − 0.064; 95% confidence interval [CI), − 0.066 to − 0.063). Socioeconomic status, being male, older age and being a widow or divorced were identified as the main factors contributing to the concentration of DMFT among the worse-off adults. Conclusions It is recommended to focus on the dental caries status of socioeconomically disadvantaged groups in order to reduce socioeconomic-related inequality in oral health among Iranian adults. Reducing socioeconomic-related inequalities in dental caries should be accompanied by appropriate health promotion policies that focus actions on the fundamental socioeconomic causes of dental disease.

Density current is caused by a slight density difference with the environmental fluid. These currents are of two-phase current type. These currents are non-linear in nature, which are complex and sensitive to initial conditions. Fractal geometry is used as a powerful tool to investigate geophysical phenomena including density current and many complex natural phenomena. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive study on the fractal and multi-fractal properties of density current and established a significant relation between the Richardson number evolution and the entrainment of ratio density current through fractal analysis. For this purpose, three experimental models in 28 different states were performed by changing the bed slope, density and inlet discharge. The developed codes in MATLAB were used to calculate the multi-fractal generalized dimension indices D(q), singularity spectrum f(α), singularity angle α, the scaling exponent T(q) and fractal dimension Df. The results and various investigations indicated that the fractal dimension decreased a little with the increase of flume bed slope. Further, the fractal dimension increases with increasing the concentration and current discharge. As the Richardson number increases, the scaling exponent has a linear pattern. Furthermore, the fractal dimension changes are monotonic than q in these experiments, and the singularity angles are larger with less range. A significant relationship with 92% coefficient was made between Richardson number and entrainment ratio by fractal analysis.

Abstract Climate change and global warming are the biggest challenges in the current century. Methane gas is one of the most important greenhouse gases which can contribute to creating warming weather (about 19%). In this research, satellite data from GOSAT and MODIS and also climatic data of precipitation, temperature and humidity are used to analyze monthly and seasonal methane changes in 2012 to 2018 in North America. The results show that the methane gas has increased during this period and it increases from 1789 to 1824 ppb. The gas has monthly fluctuation and in October and September has the maximum concentration and in March and April has the minimum value. The relationship between the methane gas and temperature and LST is positive, and the relationship between the methane gas and NDVI, precipitation and humidity is negative. This verifies that the increase in methane concentration has significant relationship with low vegetation cover and high temperature. Therefore, conservation of vegetation cover can help to reduce the methane concentration.

Field experiments carried out at the Experimental Research Station of Nubaria, during two seasons of 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 to characterize the Mediterranean barley (Egyptian, Tunisian, Algerian and Morocco) varieties grown under water stress (40% WHC) and normal irrigation (75% WHC). The barley grain yield had a positive and highly significant correlation with drought stress indices (STI, MP and GMP), indicating that STI, MP and GMP more suitable indices for selecting barley varieties to drought stress tolerance. Results also concluded that the Egyptian varieties (Giza 131, Giza 127, Giza 2000, Giza 130), Tunisian varieties (Kebili 3,Tozeur 2, Sidi-Bou), Algerian varieties (Naïlia and Techedrett and Temacine) and Morocco varieties (Laanaceur, Massine and Amira), gained the highest values of most drought tolerance indices and produced greater grain yield proving their drought stress tolerance as compare to Giza 125 and Giza 126 (Egyptian), Tombari, Raihane (Tunisian), Ksar-Megrine, Ras El-Mouch (Algerian) and Tamellalet, Adrar (Morocco) which was the lowest grain yield under water stress condition. The data obtained from this study could be useful for barley breeders, agronomists and grain producers in order to increase grain yield under water stress condition of arid and semi-arid regions in North African countries.

Drought is the major a biotic stress that reduces plant growth and crop productivity worldwide. AquaCrop model is one of the most widely used simulation models, which simulates the growth, yield and water productivity of the crops. Field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Research Station of Nubaria, during two seasons of 2016/2017 and 2017/2018. The study to assess water productivity of Mediterranean barley (Egyptian, Tunisian, Algerian and Morocco) varieties grown under water stress condition (40% of water holding capacity) compared to normal one (75% of water holding capacity) by AquaCrop model. Deviations (%) between observed under normal irrigation water and observed water deficit (stress), AquaCrop model normal and AquaCrop model stress, data obtained were (2.36, 1.84, 2.25 and 1.59%) for Egyptian barley varieties, respectively. For Tunisian barley varieties, deviations (%) were (2.06, 1.59, 2.78 and 3.62%), respectively. For Algerian barley varieties, were (2.12, 1.66, 2.88 and 3.71%), respectively. The percentage of absolute difference between the percentage of variation in the case of water stress and the case without water stress treatment was 5.36% under Egyptian varieties, followed by Morocco varieties (12.78%). Egyptian varieties are the least tolerant of water stress treatment where the percentage difference in the absolute difference between the cases is equal to 25%.

The goal of this paper is to determine the impact of Demand Side Management (DSM) programs on the power system load curve and on the power system reliability. DSM program includes the methods: Valley Filling Method, Energy Conservation Method, Peak Clipping Method, Load Shifting Method and Load Building Method. Different DSM programs were applied on the Egyptian Electricity Power System to determine the effect of DSM programs (only four methods) on maximum annual day load profile and the resultant curve was used to determine the effect of DSM on the total system cost and planning reserve margin by using Model for Energy Supply Strategy Alternatives and their General Environmental Impacts (MESSAGE) program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Phosphorus is one of the essential nutrients required for plant growth. Although it is moderately available in nature, it is a deficient nutrient in most soils especially calcareous soils. Phosphate rock (PR) is considered the cheapest P fertilizer. Phosphate rock sources may be of igneous or sedimentary origin. Results In Egypt, the natural phosphate rock is located in Sebaiya (Nile Valley), Safaga (Red Sea), and Abu Tartur (Western Desert). The higher the organic matter contents in soil, the better dissolution of the PR. Legumes are particularly suited for the use of PR. Biological solubilization of phosphate rock is more environmentally friendly than acidulation. Fungi are widely used as producers of organic acids, and particularly, some Aspergillus and Penicillium species have been directly introduced into the soil in order to solubilize the phosphate rock. Biological solubilization will make phosphorous available for plant use with minimum pollution to the environment. Phosphate rock inoculated with bacteria and Mycrrohizae proved to be a suitable approach to use PR for continuous crop production. Conclusion The amendments such as elemental sulphur, compost, organic manure, and plant waste could be applied to PR to improve crop cultivation under Egyptian soil conditions.