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We describe a case of primary ductal adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal gland with novel histopathological characteristics corresponding to a biphasic growth course and provide a comprehensive genomic profile of this malignancy. A 39-year-old male with a history of slowly progressive unilateral proptosis and hypoglobus presented after 1 month of hyperacute exacerbation. Orbital imaging revealed a superior mass with osseous erosion. The patient underwent orbital exploration and excisional biopsy via lateral orbitotomy. Histopathology demonstrated high-grade adenocarcinoma with a well-differentiated glandular component alongside a poorly differentiated sarcomatoid region. The glandular section was immunopositive for Her-2, CK7, GATA3, and androgen receptor. Tumor recurrence necessitated en-bloc exenteration with dural resection alongside adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This represents the first report of sarcomatoid differentiation in primary ductal adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal gland, which may incite hyperacute progression. Conversely, GATA3 immunopositivity may correlate with indolent growth. Genomic variants such as SEMA3C represent potential therapeutic targets for this condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paragangliomas or extra adrenal pheochromocytoma of the genitourinary tract are infrequent and arise from chromaffin cells of the autonomic nervous system. They have been described in the kidney, bladder, prostate, urethra and spermatic cord. However, the occurrence of paragangliomas in the ureter is very unusual. We present one such case in a patient who presented with signs and symptoms of pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction, wherein the initial clinical and imaging findings were deceptive. The patient underwent right-sided open end-to-end uretero-ureterostomy with excision of the strictured segment. Histopathological examination of excised tissue revealed a tumour with clear cell morphology, and in conjunction with immunohistochemistry a final diagnosis of paraganglioma of the ureter was rendered. The case is discussed here with differential diagnosis in the context of its location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Filariasis is a major public health problem in tropical countries like India. Despite the large number of people at risk, detection of eggs with or without larva (microfilaria) on fine-needle aspiration cytology is very unusual, especially in an uncommon site or incidentally detected in clinically unsuspected cases of filariasis with the absence of microfilariae in the peripheral blood. A 19-year-old male presented with swelling over medial aspect of left arm (just above the elbow), with no other specific signs and symptoms. Fine needle aspiration cytology revealed an adult gravid female filarial worm in a background of reactive lymphoid cells and lymphohistiocytic clusters. We report a case with elaborate fine needle aspiration cytology findings of filarial worm infestation with unusual presentation of isolated epitrochlear lymph node involvement in a clinically unsuspected case and recommend clinicians and pathologists to consider a high index of suspicion for such infections at uncommon sites especially in endemic territories, as early diagnosis and treatment prevent the more severe manifestations of disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]