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The Dayak Maanyan community recognizes two types of languages. The language used daily and the language used in traditional rituals. The language used in the ritual is arranged in the form of paired clauses with similar meanings. This article will examine the meaning relation between words in the paired clauses. The research was conducted in the East Barito district, Central Kalimantan province. This study's data collection area is the East Hamlet District in Jaar Village. Documentation of data in ritual leader utterances is done by transcribing recorded speeches during the ritual and recordings during direct interviews with ritual leaders to obtain the entire content of the ritual speech. Based on the results of data analysis from 840 pairs of transcribed clauses, The researcher found that the relation of synonymous meaning dominated the relation of meaning between the two clauses. The researcher also found the meaning relationship between class inclusion and meronymy and case relation. The pattern of meaning relations formed from the words in the paired clauses is that a is equal to b, b is a type of a, a is a component of b, a is a member of b, place b is part of the area of a, b is made of a, a has b, a is related to b, a is b, a does b, a becomes b, does a is accepted by b, does a uses b, does a aims to b.

This study aims to analyzing the social values contained in Serat Babad Amengeti Lalampahandalem: Sampejandalem Ingkang Sinuhun Kangdjeng Susuhunan Pakoe Boewono Senopati Ing Ngalaga Ngabdurrachman Sajidin Panata Gama Ingkang Kaping: V: Ing Surakarta Hadiningrat. Social values The social values of ancient Javanese society are often reflected in heritage literary works, namely serat. Collection technique in this research used contents analyze of serat. The technique used in analyzing the data is the understanding technique, with the stages of discussion, namely, revealing, explaining and translating the contents of serat. The value of character education that was found is religious, responsibility, discipline, creative, love peace, social care and environmental care. Sociology of literature was chosen to be the approach in this research because social values can emerge from this approach. The source of data in this study was done by reading directly the contents of the serat. The data collection technique in this study used serat content analysis. The data analysis technique used is understanding with the discussion stages of revealing, explaining and translating the contents of the serat. The social values found include social problems, social actions, and Javanese ethics. The social actions contained in this serat are divided into three, namely rational instrumental social actions, value-oriented social actions, and affective social actions. The social problems in the content of the serat are divided into three, namely crime, poverty and violations of community norms. The Javanese ethics contained in the serat are divided into two, namely the principle of respect and the principle of harmony. The principle of respect for serat is divided into four, namely how to speak, wedi (fear), isin (shame), and hesitate. The principle of harmony contained in the serat is self-awareness, avoiding open conflict and ethok-ethok (pretending).

This study aimed to describe the form of tolerance values in the novel Bulan Terbelah di Langit Amerika by Hanum Salsabiela Rais and Rangga Almahendra. The research method which was used is descriptive qualitative. The data collection used reading and note-taking techniques. The data in this study was a novel entitled Bulan Terbelah di Langit Amerika. The data source in this study were quotes which were contained in the novel. The analysis technique which was used is the content analysis technique. The theory used is the theory of tolerance values found in each text by paying attention to the elements of tolerance values. The results of this study indicated that there was a tolerance value that included in four elements. The first element was to give freedom or independence. The second element was recognizing the rights of each individual, then the third element was respecting the beliefs of others, and the fourth element is mutual understanding. One aspect of character education was a tolerance. For this reason, the results of this study could be used as material for character education. That was because the research results of the novel entitled the Bulan Terbelah di Langit Amerika were in accordance with the four elements of tolerance values.

Haryo Seto Saktiono. Intertextual Study of Main Characters on the Novel "Atheis" by Achdiat Karta Mihardja and "Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk" by Ahmad Tohari. Thesis, Surakarta: Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Sebelas Maret University Postgraduate Program, February 2021. The purpose of this study is to explain: (1) To find the intrinsic element (character) in the novel "Atheis" by Achdiat Karta Mihardja; (2) Finding the intrinsic element (character) in the novel "Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk" by Ahmad Tohari; (3) Finding intertextual intrinsic elements (characters) from the novel "Atheis" by Achdiat Karta Mihardja and the novel "Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk" by Ahmad Tohari. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method and uses an intertextual approach. Researchers obtained data from the Atheis novel by Achdiat Karta Mihardja and the novel Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk by Ahmad Tohari, data in the form of direct analysis, interviews, and worksheets from teachers and students of SMA N 1 Gemolong. The technique used for sampling was done by purposive sampling. The data validity was obtained through source triangulation, while the data analysis technique used interactive analysis techniques. The conclusions of this study are (1) This study succeeded in finding the intrinsic element (character) of the novel "Atheis" by Achdiat Karta Mihardja. (2) This study succeeded in finding the intrinsic element (character) of the novel "Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk" by Ahmad Tohari. (3) This study succeeded in finding the intertextual intrinsic elements (characters) of the novel "Atheis" by Achdiat Karta Mihardja and the novel "Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk" by Ahmad Tohari.

This study aims to reveal the local colors in the Adipati Waringin Legend in the Cirebon Regency. This research was a descriptive qualitative study with an ethnographic approach. In obtaining data, researchers used interview, observation, and documentation as techniques. These data were processed and tested using triangulation. Then the data is analyzed using the interactive analysis technique model of Miles and Huberman. The results showed that the traditional ceremony of Ngunjung or Sedekah Bumi, Karangreja Village in Cirebon Regency is a form of local color associated with the Adipati Waringin Legend.

This article attempts to construct the Minangkabau aesthetic in Indonesian cinema. The emergence of conflict based on Minangkabau ethnicity in a movie is why the Minangkabau aesthetic construction is built. From the perspective of identity theory, the film is seen as a social process, including ethnic content. Considering Indonesia's diversity, this Minangkabau aesthetic construction cannot leave the Nusantara's aesthetic concept. Mise en scene analysis is the first step to determine the Minangkabau element. The categorization of landscapes and traditions associated with Minangkabau in films conclusively becomes the Minangkabau aesthetic construction found in Indonesian cinema. This construction is expected to consider Minangkabau ethnicity or fictional content in art, especially movies.

This article aims to describe the structure contained in Sunan Muria Folk Literature and describe the character values in Sunan Muria Folk Literature. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The type of plot used in Sunan Muria Folk Literature in Kudus Regency is a straight or advanced plot. The dominant figure in the Sunan Muria Folk Literature in Kudus Regency is a good human character. More background is used in this folk literature. Sunan Muria Folk Literature in Kudus Regency contains varied suggestions. The character values in this folk literature include religious values, honesty, tolerance, discipline, hard work, independence, democratization, friendship/ communicative, peace, social life, and the value of responsibility. Abstrak: Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan struktur yang terkandung dalam Sastra Rakyat Sunan Muria dan menguraikan nilai-nilai karakter dalam Sastra Rakyat Sunan Muria. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Jenis plot yang digunakan dalam Sastra Rakyat Sunan Muria di Kabupaten Kudus adalah plot lurus atau maju. Tokoh dominan dalam Sastra Rakyat Sunan Muria di Kabupaten Kudus adalah karakter manusia yang baik. Latar belakang tempat lebih banyak digunakan dalam literatur rakyat ini. Sastra Rakyat Sunan Muria di Kabupaten Kudus berisi saran variatif. Nilai-nilai karakter yang dalam literatur rakyat ini antara lain nilai religi, kejujuran, toleransi, disiplin, kerja keras, kemandirian, demokratisasi, persahabatan/komunikatif, damai, kehidupan sosial, dan nilai tanggung jawab.

In the past, no research has been found on onomastics from a mystical perspective in literature. This study investigated onomastics in the tetralogy of novels by Ki Padmasusastra (after this referred to as TNKP). The main point of view is the meaning of Javanese cosmology. Qualitative methods are used as research guidelines. The primary data are four Javanese novels. Hermeneutic techniques and content analysis are applied to analytical strategies. The results showed that the onomastics in TNKP are symbols of Javanese cosmology. This element of Javanese cosmology has transformed onomastics through three things: the novel title, figure’s name and location name. The symbolisation of the onomastic is implicit because it is wrapped in the aesthetics of the literary language. The name structure of each onomastic subsection has no clear meaning because the name element is intended for the sense of ‘the other’. Names have an explicit function, namely as hypertextual fragments of symbols that transcend the narrative text structure. An important implication of this investigation is that onomastics can promote the transdisciplinary aspects of religion in international theology in the study of narrative texts. The cosmological transformation of Java can be reflected in various parts of culture, including in novels. TNKP is a cross-disciplinary meeting: fiction, linguistics, mystical, social, cultural and philosophical, contributing to further theological studies. Contribution:This article contributes to the purpose ofHTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studiesto promote the transdisciplinary aspects of religious studies in the international theological arena of hermeneutic and philosophical studies behind the narrative text.

This study aims to interpret ekokritik literary theory by expressing the value of environmental wisdom focused on respect for nature of fo Alas Kobong Folklore in Pacitan Regency. Ekokritik literature to examine the application of this folklore is through data classification based on the moral principles of environmental wisdom focused on respect for nature. The shape of this research is descriptive qualitative with an interactive approach to data sources transcript of interviews about Alas Kobong folklore of participants in Pacitan Regency. Data were collected through interviews, observation, documentation, field notes and transcriptions. There are three aspects of data analysis techniques, namely the description, analysis, and interpretation. The results of this study found five data contained in a respectful attitude towards nature which is included in the value of environmental wisdom of Alas Kobong folklore in Pacitan Regency. In addition, the folklore of Alas Kobong can also implies learning literature junior secondary school Adiwiyata curriculum.

Literary works are a media that has an important role in building character. One of the literary works is novels. A novel contributes the thoughts and ideas of the author through the language that aims to provide benefits to the readers. This study aimed to describe the character values of hard work in the novels of Leila S. Chudori. This was a qualitative research using descriptive qualitative method and content analysis. The data in this research were from the novels of Leila S. Chudori. The research results showed that the character values of hard work of the character were found through the implied words, phrases, and sentences in the novels of Leila S. Chudori. The character values of hard work in the novels could be seen from how the character was persistent to achieve the goals, and able to find solutions for every problem. The characters of hard work reflected from the character could provide a value or message for the readers of the novels of Leila S. Chudori. The characters of hard work found in the two novels were: (1)unyielding attitude, (2) willingness to try, (3) living a life with positive thinking, and (4) character of struggling for life.

T h i s article want to describe and explain about the meaning of wanda wayang Durga gagrag Su r a kar t a on Javanese culture perspective. Wanda wayang Durga which explain in this article consist of the Durga wanda belis, wanda gedrug, wanda gidrah, wanda murgan, wanda surak , and wanda wewe . The approach which used on this research is structuralism-semiotic approach from Levi-Strauss model. This approach is chosen because it is considered can explain the object deeper from two side that are outside structure or surface-structure and inside structure or deep- structure. Material object of this research is the figure of Durga from many kind of wanda. Formal object of this research is structural analysis. Primary data on in this research is document wanda wayang of Durga figure. Therefore, the secondary data are interview document and literature review. Analysis data technique on this research consist on four phases, that are data collected phase, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Artikel ini mengupas makna dari wanda wayang Durga gagrag Surakarta dalam perspektif cerita pewayangan Sudamala dan kebudayaan Jawa. Pedekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan strukturalisme semiotik model Levi Strauss yang menjelaskan suatu objek kajian secara struktural melalui dari dua sisi yaitu struktur luar yang dikenal dengan istilah surface structure dan struktur dalam yang dikenal dengan istilah deep structure . Objek material dari penelitian ini adalah sosok Durga yang terdapat dalam berbagai macam wanda tersebut diatas. Objek formal penelitian ini adalah sebuah kajian struktural. Data dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas dua jenis data yakni data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer dalam penelitian ini adalah dokumen wanda wayang tokoh Durga, sedangkan data sekundernya adalah wawancara dan studi pustaka. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini meliputi empat tahap, yakni tahap pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan simpulan. Temuan yang terdapat dalam penelitian ini diantaranya adalah berbagai macam wanda wayang tokoh Durga dalam pewayangan gaya Surakarta yang diantaranya adalah Durga wanda belis, wanda gedrug, wanda gidrah, wanda murgan, wanda surak, wanda reca, wanda ngerik, wanda ratu dan wanda wewe.

This research examines four stories of Indonesian children "The Youngest Frog, Si Molek, Masarasenani and The Sun, and also Tiny Boy" by Murti Bunanta. These children's stories come from different region in Indonesia but have similarities and differences in each story. This descriptive analysis uses a stylistic approach that emphasizes the unity of story construction with the theme presented. Elements that are considered and checked are diction, style, and imagery. The result showed is the dominant diction can be seen in denotation with 49 data or 53.85 percentage. The dominant language style can be seen in asidenton language with 16 data or 25.8 percentage. The dominant or multiple images can be seen in visual images with 27 data or 36.99 percentage.

The study aims to describe the existence of tadut and andai-andai in South Bengkulu society. The research problem discussed is how the existence of tadut and andai-andai in South Bengkulu society. This research conducts phenomenology appoarch with qualitatively descriptive method. The results of this research showed that tadut and andai-andai in South Bengkulu began to be abandoned by the people around there. This is indicated with rarely performances of the folklores and the young generation prefers to western culture than them. The capable efforts to preserve the two folklores are the synergy between the community of people and the government in making inheritance a more interesting, for example by making it in the form of audio visuals, establishing customary institutions in each village, documenting the two folklores, holding their competencies, and including them into the school curriculum.

Cabaret Show in Yogyakarta is a modern genre of Indonesian art performance. Due to the growing negative view on Javanese cross-gender, it deserves a thorough research. This in-depth study aims at identifying the expression, style, genre, and cultural negotiation of cabaret show among the similar modern arts. The data was collected from the informants that include the cabaret show designer, artists, art workers, art observers, audience, cabaret show performance, and other related documents. Based on the data sources, data of this study include verbal information from the informants, textual information from the documents, and visual information from cabaret show performance. This study found the following results. First, there is a correlation of the three main domains of local wisdom style, Indonesian style, and international trend style that constitute the elements of cabaret show performance in Yogyakarta. Second, the cut points of the three domains show the existence of illusionary (imaginary ideology, transposition of imaginary ideology, and distortion of imaginary ideology that constitutes the characteristics of Javanese cross-gender in Yogyakarta. Third, the study found the existence of cultural negotiation as the basic power of survival and existence, identity, and social control that signify the establishment of a new community that flourishes the life in Yogyakarta.

The martial art or pencak silat is a combating method that philosophically teaches both spiritual and physical education helping the enthusiasts to live with the noble moral values in their society. The material object of this study is pencak silat and the formal object is the philosophy of arts or aesthetics of the pencak silat. This study aims to examine (1) norms or manners of pencak silat, (2) pencak silat style, (3) pencak silat categories and pencak silat equipments. This research employs factual-historical method by means of description, analysis, and synthesis. The results are (1) norms of pencak silat are conceptually found in the attitude of performance, steps (gerak langkah), attack (serangan), and defense (belaan), (2) martial arts style consists of the mental-spiritual aspects, martial arts, arts, and sport, (3) arts in martial arts are subdivided into wiraga, wirama, and wirasa, and the martial arts equipments include specific use of costumes, weapons, and traditional music acompaniments . K eywords: martial arts style, pencak silat, philosophical values, wiraga-wirama-wirasa ABSTRAK Seni bela diri pencak silat sebagai metode bertarung secara filosofis mengajarkan pendidikan spiritual dan fisik untuk membantu para peminatnya dalam menghayati nilai-nilai moral yang luhur di dalamnya. Objek material dari penelitian ini adalah pencak silat dan objek formal adalah filsafat seni atau estetika dari pencak silat tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji (1) norma atau perilaku pencak silat, (2) gaya pencak silat, (3) kategori pencak silat dan peralatannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode faktual-historis melalui deskripsi, analisis, dan sintesis. Hasilnya adalah (1) norma pencak silat yang secara konseptual ditemukan dalam sikap kinerja, gerak langkah, serangan, dan pertahanan ( belaan ), (2) gaya seni bela diri (aliran gaya) yang terdiri dari aspek mental-spiritual, bela diri, seni, dan olahraga, (3) seni dalam seni bela diri dibagi menjadi wiraga, wirama , dan wirasa serta peralatan seni bela diri termasuk penggunaan kostum, senjata khusus, dan pengiring musik tradisional. Kata kunci: gaya seni bela diri, pencak silat, nilai filosofis, wiraga - wirama - wirasa

This study aimed to describe the use of the form of cohesion and coherence of narrative essay of Madagascar students of Indonesian Language for Foreign Speaker (BIPA) at Language Center Sebelas Maret University. The method used was descriptive qualitative. The researcher collected the data by giving assignments to the students. Then, the researcher classified the findings with the techniques of reading, listening, and writing. The results obtained in the form of cohesion were: 1) grammatical cohesion consisted of reference, substitution, ellipsis, and conjunction; 2) lexical cohesion consisted of repetition, synonym, and collocation. In the form of coherence, the students were able to express their writing in a simple way to be able to be understood by the readers.