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1. Comparison of sneo-based neural spike detection algorithms for implantable multi-transistor array biosensors

Author

Saggese, G, Tambaro, M, Vallicelli, E, Strollo, A, Vassanelli, S, Baschirotto, A, De Matteis, M, Saggese G., Tambaro M., Vallicelli E. A., Strollo A. G. M., Vassanelli S., Baschirotto A., De Matteis M., Saggese, G, Tambaro, M, Vallicelli, E, Strollo, A, Vassanelli, S, Baschirotto, A, De Matteis, M, Saggese G., Tambaro M., Vallicelli E. A., Strollo A. G. M., Vassanelli S., Baschirotto A., and De Matteis M.

Abstract

Real-time neural spike detection is an important step in understanding neurological activities and developing brain-silicon interfaces. Recent approaches exploit minimally invasive sensing techniques based on implanted complementary metal-oxide semiconductors (CMOS) multi transistors arrays (MTAs) that limit the damage of the neural tissue and provide high spatial resolution. Unfortunately, MTAs result in low signal-to-noise ratios due to the weak capacitive coupling between the nearby neurons and the sensor and the high noise power coming from the analog front-end. In this paper we investigate the performance achievable by using spike detection algorithms for MTAs, based on some variants of the smoothed non-linear energy operator (SNEO). We show that detection performance benefits from the correlation of the signals detected by the MTA pixels, but degrades when a high firing rate of neurons occurs. We present and compare different approaches and noise estimation techniques for the SNEO, aimed at increasing the detection accuracy at low SNR and making it less dependent on neurons firing rates. The algorithms are tested by using synthetic neural signals obtained with a modified version of NEUROCUBE generator. The proposed approaches outperform the SNEO, showing a more than 20% increase on averaged sensitivity at 0 dB and reduced dependence on the neuronal firing rate.

Published
2021

3. Evaluation of in vivo spike detection algorithms for implantable MTA brain-silicon interfaces

Author

Tambaro, M, Vallicelli, E, Saggese, G, Strollo, A, Baschirotto, A, Vassanelli, S, Tambaro M., Vallicelli E. A., Saggese G., Strollo A., Baschirotto A., Vassanelli S., Tambaro, M, Vallicelli, E, Saggese, G, Strollo, A, Baschirotto, A, Vassanelli, S, Tambaro M., Vallicelli E. A., Saggese G., Strollo A., Baschirotto A., and Vassanelli S.

Abstract

This work presents a comparison between different neural spike algorithms to find the optimum for in vivo implanted EOSFET (electrolyte-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor) sensors. EOSFET arrays are planar sensors capable of sensing the electrical activity of nearby neuron populations in both in vitro cultures and in vivo experiments. They are characterized by a high cell-like resolution and low invasiveness compared to probes with passive electrodes, but exhibit a higher noise power that requires ad hoc spike detection algorithms to detect relevant biological activity. Algorithms for implanted devices require good detection accuracy performance and low power consumption due to the limited power budget of implanted devices. A figure of merit (FoM) based on accuracy and resource consumption is presented and used to compare different algorithms present in the literature, such as the smoothed nonlinear energy operator and correlation-based algorithms. A multi transistor array (MTA) sensor of 7 honeycomb pixels of a 30 µm2 area is simulated, generating a signal with Neurocube. This signal is then used to validate the algorithms’ performances. The results allow us to numerically determine which is the most efficient algorithm in the case of power constraint in implantable devices and to characterize its performance in terms of accuracy and resource usage.

Published
2020

6. Growth hormone treatment of adolescents with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) during the transition period: results of a survey among adult and paediatric endocrinologists from Italy. Endorsed by SIEDP/ISPED, AME, SIE, SIMA

Author

Aimaretti, G., Attanasio, R., Cannavò, S., Nicoletti, M. C., Castello, R., Di Somma, C., Garofalo, P., Iughetti, L., Loche, S., Maghnie, M., Mazzanti, L., Saggese, G., Salerno, M., Tonini, G., Toscano, V., Zucchini, S., and Cappa, M.

Published
2015
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7. A scalable spike detection method for implantable high-density multielectrode array

Author

Tambaro M., Vallicelli E. A., Saggese G., La Gala A., Maschietto M., Leparulo A., Strollo A., de Matteis M., Baschirotto A., Vassanelli S., Tambaro, M., Vallicelli, E. A., Saggese, G., La Gala, A., Maschietto, M., Leparulo, A., Strollo, A., de Matteis, M., Baschirotto, A., and Vassanelli, S.

Subjects
Electrophysiology, Microelectrodes array, Real-time system, Low power, Digital signal processing, Signal detection
Abstract

High-density CMOS-based Multielectrode Arrays (MEA) provide thousands of channels to record extracellular electrical activity of neuronal networks. Such a high channels count generates an amount of data that is difficult to manage with long-term fully implantable neural interfaces, where power and data transmission are provided wirelessly. To overcome this limitation, a low resources digital signal processor able to reduce the amount of transmitted data to a relevant subset represented by the spiking activity is essential. Unfortunately, the resources required to detect spikes linearly grow with the number of channels, limiting the total amount of MEA pixels in these devices. This work presents a method, here called Spike Detection-by-Difference (SDD), to drastically reduce this limit, for real-time spike detection with an impact on resources and consumption independent from the total channels count. It exploits the high resolution of MEAs to separate the highly localized extracellular action potential from the large-scale local field potential. The SDD is compared with the standard spike detection approaches as the Threshold Crossing (TC) and the Nonlinear Energy Operator (NEO). The detection accuracy is compared for different spiking amplitudes on a synthetic dataset generated from real recordings, showing a detection accuracy of 90% for spikes as low as 45 µV, with a noise in the frequency band from 300 Hz to 5 kHz of 10 µVrms. Furthermore, the resource consumption shows a reduction of the 91,5% compared to the TC and of 94% compared to the NEO on a 32x32 pixels matrix. This reduction can be further accentuated increasing the matrix size or reducing the number of columns.

Published
2021

8. Sexual violence is longitudinally associated with reduced likelihood of viral suppression among transgender women living with HIV in Brazil

Author

Leddy, AM., Sevelius, J., Saggese, G., Bassichetto, KC., Gilmore, H., Carvalho, PGC de., Maschiao, LF., Veras, MAdSM., and Lippman, SA.

Subjects
Sexual abuse -- Health aspects, Transgender people -- Care and treatment -- Crimes against, HIV patients -- Crimes against -- Care and treatment, HIV infection -- Prognosis -- Care and treatment, Health
Abstract

Background: Globally, transgender women (TGW) are disproportionately affected by HIV and gender-based violence (GBV), defined as physical, sexual and emotional violence perpetrated against an individual based on their gender identity [...]

Published
2021
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11. A scalable spike detection method for implantable high-density multielectrode array

Author

Tambaro, M, Vallicelli, E, Saggese, G, La Gala, A, Maschietto, M, Leparulo, A, Strollo, A, de Matteis, M, Baschirotto, A, Vassanelli, S, Vallicelli, EA, Tambaro, M, Vallicelli, E, Saggese, G, La Gala, A, Maschietto, M, Leparulo, A, Strollo, A, de Matteis, M, Baschirotto, A, Vassanelli, S, and Vallicelli, EA

Abstract

High-density CMOS-based Multielectrode Arrays (MEA) provide thousands of channels to record extracellular electrical activity of neuronal networks. Such a high channels count generates an amount of data that is difficult to manage with long-term fully implantable neural interfaces, where power and data transmission are provided wirelessly. To overcome this limitation, a low resources digital signal processor able to reduce the amount of transmitted data to a relevant subset represented by the spiking activity is essential. Unfortunately, the resources required to detect spikes linearly grow with the number of channels, limiting the total amount of MEA pixels in these devices. This work presents a method, here called Spike Detection-by-Difference (SDD), to drastically reduce this limit, for real-time spike detection with an impact on resources and consumption independent from the total channels count. It exploits the high resolution of MEAs to separate the highly localized extracellular action potential from the large-scale local field potential. The SDD is compared with the standard spike detection approaches as the Threshold Crossing (TC) and the Nonlinear Energy Operator (NEO). The detection accuracy is compared for different spiking amplitudes on a synthetic dataset generated from real recordings, showing a detection accuracy of 90% for spikes as low as 45 µV, with a noise in the frequency band from 300 Hz to 5 kHz of 10 µVrms. Furthermore, the resource consumption shows a reduction of the 91,5% compared to the TC and of 94% compared to the NEO on a 32x32 pixels matrix. This reduction can be further accentuated increasing the matrix size or reducing the number of columns.

Published
2021

33. GH therapy in transition age: state of the art and future perspectives

Author

MARCO CAPPA, Caruso, M., Saggese, G., Salerno, M. C., Tonini, G., Cappa, M, Caruso, M, Saggese, G, Salerno, Mariacarolina, and Tonini, G.

Subjects
Transition to Adult Care, Adolescent, Hormone Replacement Therapy, Dwarfism, Cardiovascular System, Young Adult, Growth Disorder, Bone Density, Humans, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Child, Musculoskeletal System, Growth Disorders, Puberty, Delayed, Sex Characteristics, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Human Growth Hormone, Body Weight, Puberty, Sex Characteristic, Congresses as Topic, Lipid Metabolism, Body Height, Italy, Child, Preschool, Insulin Resistance, Energy Metabolism, Human, Forecasting
Abstract

Growth hormone (GH) has been recently approved by the Italian Health Authorities for use in transition patients with childhood onset-growth hormone deficiency (CO-GHD). GH in addition to promote linear growth influences several key metabolic processes. In particular, in the transition period, from late adolescent to early adulthood, GH plays an important role in the achievement of a complete somatic development including body composition, muscle mass maturation, full skeletal mineralization and reproductive maturation, as well as in the prevention of metabolic and cardiovascular risk. Therefore, GH replacement should be restarted if a GH stimulation test at the re-evaluation fulfills established criteria. Endocrinologists experienced in the care of GHD adolescent patients held a workshop in Rome, Italy in July 2012 to review in detail the literature data and compare experiences of five Italian endocrinological centers on the negative consequences of interrupting GH treatment and the positive effects of continued GH replacement on intermediary metabolism, heart, muscle, pubertal development, and bone. The aim of the meeting was to delineate the state of the art on GH therapy in transition age and provide suggestions to pediatric and adult endocrinologists for a smooth transition care.

Published
2015

34. Congenital Hypothyroidism due to Defects of Thyroid Development and Mild Increase of TSH at Screening: Data From the Italian National Registry of Infants With Congenital Hypothyroidism

Author

Olivieri A, Corbetta C, Weber G, Vigone MC, Fazzini C, Medda E, Angeloni U, Antonozzi I, Baserga M, Bernasconi S, Bona G, Bucci I, Calaciura F, Caldarera R, Camilot M, Cappa M, Caruso U, Casini M, Cavallo L, Cesaretti G, Chiarelli F, Ciannamea B, Ciatti R, Cicciò M, Cordova R, Correra A, Costa P, De Santis C, Di Maio S, Gallicchio G, Gastaldi R, Grasso G, Gurrado R, Lelli A, Leonardi D, Loche S, Lorini R, Manente G, Monaco F, Minelli G, Narducci P, Oggiano N, Pagliardini S, Parlato G, Pasquini E, Pinchera A, Pizzolante M, Radetti G, Righetti F, Rizzo A, Saggese G, Sala D, Salerno C, Sava L, Scognamiglio D, Stoppioni V, Tonacchera M, Vigneri R, Vignola G, De Luca F., CASSIO, ALESSANDRA, Olivieri, A, Corbetta, C, Weber, Giovanna, Vigone, Mc, Fazzini, C, Medda, E., Angeloni, U, Antonozzi, I, Baserga, M, Bernasconi, S, Bona, G, Bucci, I, Calaciura, F, Caldarera, R, Camilot, M, Cappa, M, Caruso, U, Casini, M, Cassio, A, Cavallo, L, Cesaretti, G, Chiarelli, F, Ciannamea, B, Ciatti, R, Cicciò, M, Cordova, R, Correra, A, Costa, P, De Santis, C, Di Maio, S, Gallicchio, G, Gastaldi, R, Grasso, G, Gurrado, R, Lelli, A, Leonardi, D, Loche, S, Lorini, R, Manente, G, Monaco, F, Minelli, G, Narducci, P, Oggiano, N, Pagliardini, S, Parlato, G, Pasquini, E, Pinchera, A, Pizzolante, M, Radetti, G, Righetti, F, Rizzo, A, Saggese, G, Sala, D, Salerno, Mariacarolina, Sava, L, Scognamiglio, D, Stoppioni, V, Tonacchera, M, Vigneri, R, Vignola, G, De Luca, F., Olivieri A, Corbetta C, Weber G, Vigone MC, Fazzini C, Medda E, Angeloni U, Antonozzi I, Baserga M, Bernasconi S, Bona G, Bucci I, Calaciura F, Caldarera R, Camilot M, Cappa M, Caruso U, Casini M, Cassio A, Cavallo L, Cesaretti G, Chiarelli F, Ciannamea B, Ciatti R, Cicciò M, Cordova R, Correra A, Costa P, De Santis C, Di Maio S, Gallicchio G, Gastaldi R, Grasso G, Gurrado R, Lelli A, Leonardi D, Loche S, Lorini R, Manente G, Monaco F, Minelli G, Narducci P, Oggiano N, Pagliardini S, Parlato G, Pasquini E, Pinchera A, Pizzolante M, Radetti G, Righetti F, Rizzo A, Saggese G, Sala D, Salerno C, Sava L, Scognamiglio D, Stoppioni V, Tonacchera M, Vigneri R, Vignola G, and De Luca F

Subjects
endocrine system, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Clinical Biochemistry, Thyroid Gland, Thyrotropin, IODINE, Context (language use), Infant, Premature, Diseases, Thyroid Function Tests, Biochemistry, Thyroid function tests, Thyroid dysgenesis, Severity of Illness Index, Endocrinology, Neonatal Screening, Thyroid Hormone Treatment, PRETERM INFANTS, Internal medicine, Congenital Hypothyroidism, Medicine, Humans, Registries, defects of thyroid development, Ultrasonography, Newborn screening, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Incidence, Biochemistry (medical), Thyroid, Infant, Newborn, medicine.disease, Congenital hypothyroidism, Up-Regulation, Thyroxine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Italy, Thyroid Dysgenesis, mild increase of TSH at screening, business, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Abstract

Context: Over the years lower TSH cutoffs have been adopted in some screening programs for congenital hypothyroidism (CH) worldwide. This has resulted in a progressive increase in detecting additional mild forms of the disease, essentially with normally located and shaped thyroid. However, the question of whether such additional mild CH cases can benefit from detection by newborn screening and early thyroid hormone treatment is still open. Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of cases with mild increase of TSH at screening in the Italian population of babies with permanent CH and to characterize these babies in terms of diagnosis classification and neonatal features. Methods: Data recorded in the Italian National Registry of infants with CH were analyzed. Results: Between 2000 and 2006, 17 of the 25 Italian screening centers adopted a TSH cutoff at screening of < 15.0 mu U/mL. It was found that 21.6% of babies with permanent CH had TSH at screening of 15.0 mu U/mL or less, whereas this percentage was 54% in infants with transient hypothyroidism. Among the babies with permanent CH and mild increase of TSH at screening (

Published
2013

35. Epidemiology of congenital hypothyroidism: what can be deduced from the Italian registry of infants with congenital hypothyroidism

Author

Olivieri A, Altamura R, Angeloni U, Antonozzi I, Baserga M, Bernasconi S, Bona G, Bucci I, Calaciura F, Caldarera R, Camilot M, Cappa M, Caruso U, Casini MR, Cassio A, Cavallo L, Cesaretti G, Chiarelli F, Ciannamea B, Ciatti R, Cicciò M, Civolani P, Corbetta C, Cordova R, Correra A, Costa P, De Luca F, De Santis C, Fazzini C, Gallicchio G, Gastaldi R, Grasso G, Gurrado R, Lelli A, Leonardi D, Loche S, Lorini R, Medda E, Monaco F, Minelli G, Narducci P, Oggiano N, Pagliardini S, Parlato G, Pasquini E, Pinchera A, Pizzolante M, Radetti G, Righetti F, Rizzo A, Saggese G, Salerno C, Sava L, Scognamiglio D, Stoppioni V, Tonacchera M, Vigneri R, Vignola G, Vigone MC, WEBER , GIOVANNA, Olivieri, A, Altamura, R, Angeloni, U, Antonozzi, I, Baserga, M, Bernasconi, S, Bona, G, Bucci, I, Calaciura, F, Caldarera, R, Camilot, M, Cappa, M, Caruso, U, Casini, Mr, Cassio, A, Cavallo, L, Cesaretti, G, Chiarelli, F, Ciannamea, B, Ciatti, R, Cicciò, M, Civolani, P, Corbetta, C, Cordova, R, Correra, A, Costa, P, De Luca, F, De Santis, C, Fazzini, C, Gallicchio, G, Gastaldi, R, Grasso, G, Gurrado, R, Lelli, A, Leonardi, D, Loche, S, Lorini, R, Medda, E, Monaco, F, Minelli, G, Narducci, P, Oggiano, N, Pagliardini, S, Parlato, G, Pasquini, E, Pinchera, A, Pizzolante, M, Radetti, G, Righetti, F, Rizzo, A, Saggese, G, Salerno, C, Sava, L, Scognamiglio, D, Stoppioni, V, Tonacchera, M, Vigneri, R, Vignola, G, Vigone, Mc, Weber, G, Salerno, Mariacarolina, Weber, G., and Weber, Giovanna

Subjects
Registry, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Congenital hypothyroidism, Italy, Neonatal screening, Congenital Hypothyroidism, Diseases in Twins, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Neonatal Screening, Thyrotropin, Registries, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Disease, Thyroid dysgenesis, Epidemiology, medicine, education, Newborn screening, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Infant, Congenital hypothyroidism, Italy, registry, neonatal screening, Perinatology and Child Health, Newborn, medicine.disease, Etiology, business
Abstract

"In Italy, the nationwide newborn screening programme for congenital hypothyroidism (CH) represents an integrated approach to the disease including screening tests, diagnosis, treatment, follow up and nation-wide surveillance of the disease. The latter is performed by the Italian National Registry of Infants with Congenital Hypothyroidism (INRICH). The INRICH is a population-based Registry, this implies that results obtained in the analyses conducted on the data collected in the INRICH are highly representative, can be easily used to improve the health of CH children, and provide information critical to understanding the etiology of the disease. Over the years, the INRICH has contributed: i) to improve procedures for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of affected babies, by identifying critical points in screening program procedures; ii) to estimate the incidence of CH and the prevalence of the different forms of the disease (thyroid dysgenesis, normally located and shaped thyroid) in our country; iii) to provide a unique opportunity for research into this condition given the large amount and the high quality of information collected in this registry."

Published
2012
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36. Final Height of Patients with Turner’s Syndrome Treated with Growth Hormone (GH): Indications for GH Therapy Alone at High Doses and Late Estrogen Therapy

Author

Cacciari E., Mazzanti L., Bergamaschi R., Perri A., Scarano E., Chiumello G., Guarnieri M. P., Rigon F., Licersi A., Pasquino A. M., Pucarelli I., Di Maio S., Severi F., Larizza D., Bernasconi S., Buzi F., Matarazzo P., Cavallo L., Saggese G., Tonini G., Sposito M., Gabrielli O., Radetti G., De Luca F., Borrelli P., Morabito F., Bona G., SALERNO, MARIACAROLINA, Cacciari, E., Mazzanti, L., Bergamaschi, R., Perri, A., Scarano, E., Chiumello, G., Guarnieri, M. P., Rigon, F., Licersi, A., Pasquino, A. M., Pucarelli, I., Di Maio, S., Salerno, Mariacarolina, Severi, F., Larizza, D., Bernasconi, S., Buzi, F., Matarazzo, P., Cavallo, L., Saggese, G., Tonini, G., Sposito, M., Gabrielli, O., Radetti, G., De Luca, F., Borrelli, P., Morabito, F., and Bona, G.

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Chemotherapy, Gonad, medicine.drug_class, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Final height, Turner's syndrome, growth hormone, GH therapy, estrogen therapy, Italian Study Group for Turner Syndrome, Biochemistry (medical), Clinical Biochemistry, Oxandrolone, medicine.disease, Biochemistry, Group A, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, El Niño, Estrogen, Internal medicine, Turner syndrome, medicine, Menarche, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

We report final height data of patients with Turner's syndrome collected by the Italian Study Group for Turner's Syndrome. One hundred and thirty-five patients reached their final height during GH therapy with different therapeutic regimens (dose and combination). They were divided into 3 groups: group A, 74 patients with high doses of GH (1 IU/kg/week) for at least 2 yr; group A1, GH alone and estrogen therapy added not before 14 yr of chronological age (47 patients, of whom 30 were treated for >4 yr and 10 for >6 yr); group A2, GH plus ethinyl estradiol (17 patients) or GH plus oxandrolone (10 patients); group B, 51 patients with low doses of GH (0.5 IU/kg-week) and high doses of GH for less than 2 yr; and group C, 10 patients with high doses of GH with spontaneous menarche. In contrast to the patients of groups B and C, the patients of group A showed a significantly higher final height (mean, 147.5+/-6.5 cm) than their projected height (mean, 142.9+/-6.4 cm). They showed also a significantly higher final height compared to the subjects of groups B (mean, 145.6+/-5.7 cm) and C (mean, 143.0+/-5.3). Among the patients of group A, the best results were obtained in the patients of group A1 treated with GH alone at high doses and for a longer period (4 yr, 149.3+/-6.4 cm; 6 yr, 153.8+/-4.0 cm). Karyotype, GH secretion, and birth weight did not influence the efficacy of GH therapy. A low target height and a high prevalence of a spontaneous ovarian activity or menarche may negatively influence the effect of GH therapy. Estrogens did not improve final height when added to GH therapy. The use of small doses of oxandrolone was not effective in our experience. GH therapy provides a satisfactory auxological result, especially with high doses of GH alone, given for a long period of time. Optimization of the treatment would seem to require the identification of the ideal age for starting therapy, and this is only possible with a specially designed multicenter study.

Published
1999
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37. 186All-cause mortality in cardiac resynchronization therapy is predicted by the degree of LV reverse remodeling at mid-term follow-up

Author

Maglia, G., primary, Reggiani, A., additional, Arena, G., additional, Rapacciuolo, A., additional, Checchi, L., additional, Santamaria, M., additional, Quintarelli, S., additional, Savarese, G., additional, Solimene, F., additional, Pierantozzi, A., additional, Pasqualini, M., additional, Vasquez, L., additional, Saggese, G., additional, Malacrida, M., additional, and Stabile, G., additional

Published
2017
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41. Performance of the resistive plate chambers in the ARGO-YBJ experiment

Author

The Argo YBJ Collaboration: G. Aielli a, b, C. Bacci c, d, F. Barone e, f, B. Bartoli g, P. Bernardini h, i, X. J. Bi j, C. Bleve h, i, 1, P. Branchini d, A. Budano d, S. Bussino c, A. K. Calabrese Melcarne h, P. Camarri a, Z. Cao j, A. Cappa k, l, R. Cardarelli b, S. Catalanotti g, C. Cattaneo m, S. Cavaliere g, P. Celio c, S. Z. Chen j, N. Cheng j, P. Creti i, S. W. Cui n, G. Cusumano o, p, B. Z. Dai q, G. D’Alí Staiti p, r, Danzengluobu s, M. Dattoli k, l, t, I. De Mitri h, R. De Rosa g, B. D’Ettorre Piazzoli g, M. De Vincenzi c, T. Di Girolamo g, X. H. Ding s, G. Di Sciascio f, C. F. Feng u, Zhaoyang Feng j, ZhenyongFeng v, C. Ferrigno o, F. Galeazzi d, P. Galeotti k, t, X. Y. Gao q. R. Gargana d, F. Garufig, Q. B. Gou j, H. H. He j, Haibing Hu s, Hongbo Hu j, Q. Huang v, M. Iacovacci g, I. James m, w, H. Y. Jia v, Labaciren s, H. J. Li s, J. Y. Li u, B. Liberti b, G. Liguori m, C. Q. Liuq, J. Liu q, H. Lu j, G. Mancarella h, MARI, Stefano Maria, c, d, G. Marsella i, x, D. Martello h, S. Mastroianni c, X. R. Meng s, J. Mu q, L. Nicastro p, y, C. C. Ning s, L. Palummo a, M. Panareo i, L. Perrone i, P. Pistilli c, X. B. Qu u, E. Rossi f, F. Ruggieri d, L. Saggese g, P. Salvini m, R. Santonico a, A. Segreto o, P. R. Shen j, X. D. Sheng j, F. Shi j, C. Stanescu d, A. Surdo i, Y. H. Tan j, P. Vallania k, S. Vernetto k, C. Vigorito k, H. Wang j, Y. G. Wang j, C. Y. Wu j, H. R. Wu j, B. Xu v, L. Xue u, H. T. Yang q, Q. Y. Yang q, X. C. Yang q, G. C. Yu v, A. F. Yuan s, M. Zha j, H. M. Zhang j, J. L. Zhang j, L. Zhang q, P. Zhang q, X. Y. Zhang u, Y. Zhang j, Zhaxisangzhu s, X. X. Zhou v, F. R. Zhu j, Q. Q. Zhu j, G. Zizzi h, The Argo YBJ Collaboration: G., Aielli a, B, C., Bacci c, D, F., Barone e, F, B., Bartoli g, P., Bernardini h, I, X. J., Bi j, C., Bleve h, I, 1, P., Branchini d, A., Budano d, S., Bussino c, A. K., Calabrese Melcarne h, P., Camarri a, Z., Cao j, A., Cappa k, L, R., Cardarelli b, S., Catalanotti g, C., Cattaneo m, S., Cavaliere g, P., Celio c, S. Z., Chen j, N., Cheng j, P., Creti i, S. W., Cui n, G., Cusumano o, P, B. Z., Dai q, G., D’Alí Staiti p, R, Danzengluobu, S, M., Dattoli k, L, T, I., De Mitri h, R., De Rosa g, B., D’Ettorre Piazzoli g, M., De Vincenzi c, T., Di Girolamo g, X. H., Ding, G., Di Sciascio f, C. F., Feng u, Zhaoyang Feng, J, Zhenyongfeng, V, C., Ferrigno o, F., Galeazzi d, P., Galeotti k, T, X. Y. Gao q. R., Gargana d, F., Garufig, Q. B., Gou j, H. H., He j, Haibing Hu, S, Hongbo Hu, J, Q., Huang v, M., Iacovacci g, I., James m, W, H. Y., Jia v, Labaciren, S, H. J., Li, J. Y., Li u, B., Liberti b, G., Liguori m, C. Q., Liuq, J., Liu q, H., Lu j, G., Mancarella h, Mari, Stefano Maria, C, D, G., Marsella i, X, D., Martello h, S., Mastroianni c, X. R., Meng, J., Mu q, L., Nicastro p, Y, C. C., Ning, L., Palummo a, M., Panareo i, L., Perrone i, P., Pistilli c, X. B., Qu u, E., Rossi f, F., Ruggieri d, L., Saggese g, P., Salvini m, R., Santonico a, A., Segreto o, P. R., Shen j, X. D., Sheng j, F., Shi j, C., Stanescu d, A., Surdo i, Y. H., Tan j, P., Vallania k, S., Vernetto k, C., Vigorito k, H., Wang j, Y. G., Wang j, C. Y., Wu j, H. R., Wu j, B., Xu v, L., Xue u, H. T., Yang q, Q. Y., Yang q, X. C., Yang q, G. C., Yu v, A. F., Yuan, M., Zha j, H. M., Zhang j, J. L., Zhang j, L., Zhang q, P., Zhang q, X. Y., Zhang u, Y., Zhang j, Zhaxisangzhu, S, X. X., Zhou v, F. R., Zhu j, Q. Q., Zhu j, G., Zizzi h, G., Aielli, C., Bacci, F., Barone, B., Bartoli, Bernardini, Paolo, X. J., Bi, C., Bleve, P., Branchini, A., Budano, S., Bussino, A. K., Calabrese Melcarne, P., Camarri, Z., Cao, A., Cappa, R., Cardarelli, S., Catalanotti, C., Cattaneo, S., Cavaliere, P., Celio, S. Z., Chen, N., Cheng, P., Creti, S. W., Cui, G., Cusumano, B. Z., Dai, G., D’Alí Staiti, Danzengluobu, M., Dattoli, DE MITRI, Ivan, R., De Rosa, B., D’Ettorre Piazzoli, M., De Vincenzi, T., Di Girolamo, G., Di Sciascio, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Feng, C., Ferrigno, F., Galeazzi, P., Galeotti, X. Y., Gao, R., Gargana, F., Garufi, Q. B., Gou, H. H., He, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Hu, Q., Huang, M., Iacovacci, I., Jame, H. Y., Jia, Labaciren, J. Y., Li, B., Liberti, G., Liguori, C. Q., Liu, J., Liu, H., Lu, Mancarella, Giovanni, S. M., Mari, Marsella, Giovanni, Martello, Daniele, S., Mastroianni, J., Mu, L., Nicastro, L., Palummo, Panareo, Marco, Perrone, Lorenzo, P., Pistilli, X. B., Qu, E., Rossi, F., Ruggieri, L., Saggese, P., Salvini, R., Santonico, A., Segreto, P. R., Shen, X. D., Sheng, F., Shi, C., Stanescu, A., Surdo, Y. H., Tan, P., Vallania, S., Vernetto, C., Vigorito, H., Wang, Y. G., Wang, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Wu, B., Xu, L., Xue, H. T., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yang, G. C., Yu, M., Zha, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, L., Zhang, P., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Zhaxisangzhu, X. X., Zhou, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., Zhu, and G., Zizzi

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Resistive touchscreen, Gamma-ray astronomy, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Extensive Air Shower, Extensive Air Showers, Resistive Plate Chambers, Resistive Plate Chambers, Extensive Air Showers, Gamma-ray astronomy, Nuclear physics, Optics, Sampling (signal processing), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Current (fluid), business, Instrumentation, Energy (signal processing), Order of magnitude, Argo
Abstract

The ARGO-YBJ experiment is designed for the detection of Extensive Air Showers (EAS) in the primary energy range 100 GeV–10 TeV. Its full-coverage feature allows to lower the energy threshold about one order of magnitude with respect to sampling EAS detectors. Here the performance of the RPC array is described and the current status of the experiment is presented.

Published
2007

42. High risk of congenital hypothyroidism in multiple pregnancies

Author

Olivieri A., Medda E, De Angelis S, Valensise H, De Felice M, Fazzini C, Cascino I, Cordeddu V, Sorcini M, Stazi M, Altamura R, Angeloni U, Antonozzi I, Baserga M, Berardi R, Bernasconi S, Bona G, Burroni M, Calaciura F, Caldarera R, Cappa M, Casini M, Cavallo L, Cherubini V, Chiumello G, Chiovato L, Cicchetti M, Cicciò M, Coppa G, Coppola A, Corbetta C, Cordova R, Correra A, Costa P, Dammacco F, De Luca F, De Santis C, Di Maio S, Gallicchio G, Gastaldi R, Giovannelli G, Grasso G, Gurrado R, Lasciarrea L, Lelli A, Leonardi D, Liotta A, Loche S, Lorini R, Manente G, Minelli G, Monaco F, Moschini L, Musarò M, Mussa G, Narducci T, Pagliardini S, Palillo L, Parlato G, Pasquini E, Peruzzi L, Piazzi S, Pinchera A, Pizzolante M, Puggioni R, Rizzo A, Saggese G, Sala D, Salerno C, Salti R, Sava L, Scognamiglio D, Stoppioni V, Tatò L, Tonacchera M, Vigneri R, Vignola G, Vigone M, Volta C, Weber G., CACCIARI, EMANUELE, CASSIO, ALESSANDRA, CICOGNANI, ALESSANDRO, Olivieri, A, Medda, E, DE ANGELIS, S, Valensise, H, DE FELICE, Mario, Fazzini, C, Cascino, I, Cordeddu, V, Sorcini, M, Stazi, Ma, Olivieri A, Medda E, De Angelis S, Valensise H, De Felice M, Fazzini C, Cascino I, Cordeddu V, Sorcini M, Stazi M, Altamura R, Angeloni U, Antonozzi I, Baserga M, Berardi R, Bernasconi S, Bona G, Burroni M, Cacciari E, Calaciura F, Caldarera R, Cappa M, Casini M, Cassio A, Cavallo L, Cherubini V, Chiumello G, Chiovato L, Cicchetti M, Cicciò M, Cicognani A, Coppa G, Coppola A, Corbetta C, Cordova R, Correra A, Costa P, Dammacco F, De Luca F, De Santis C, Di Maio S, Gallicchio G, Gastaldi R, Giovannelli G, Grasso G, Gurrado R, Lasciarrea L, Lelli A, Leonardi D, Liotta A, Loche S, Lorini R, Manente G, Minelli G, Monaco F, Moschini L, Musarò M, Mussa G, Narducci T, Pagliardini S, Palillo L, Parlato G, Pasquini E, Peruzzi L, Piazzi S, Pinchera A, Pizzolante M, Puggioni R, Rizzo A, Saggese G, Sala D, Salerno C, Salti R, Sava L, Scognamiglio D, Stoppioni V, Tatò L, Tonacchera M, Vigneri R, Vignola G, Vigone M, Volta C, Weber G, De Angelis, S, De Felice, M, and Weber, Giovanna

Subjects
Adult, Male, Risk, Heterozygote, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Concordance, Birth weight, Clinical Biochemistry, Population, Thyroid Gland, Twins, Thyrotropin, Context (language use), Biochemistry, Neonatal Screening, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, medicine, Birth Weight, Humans, Sex Ratio, education, Pregnancy, education.field_of_study, Singleton, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Homozygote, Biochemistry (medical), Congenital Hypothyroidism, Female, Infant, Newborn, Italy, Linear Models, Pregnancy, Multiple, Thyroxine, Infant, Newborn, medicine.disease, CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM, Congenital hypothyroidism, Diabetes and Metabolism, pregnancy, business, Multiple
Abstract

CONTEXT: In Italy, the surveillance of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is performed by the Italian National Registry of Infants with CH (INRICH). Up to now, about 3600 infants with CH are recorded in the INRICH, and a high number of twins are included. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to estimate the risk of CH in multiple and single deliveries and to compare neonatal features of CH twins with twins from the general population. DESIGN: The Italian population of CH infants recorded in the INRICH from 1989-2000 was investigated. RESULTS: A more than 3-fold higher frequency of twins was found in the CH population than in the general population, and for the first time, it was possible to estimate the CH incidence in multiple (10.1 in 10,000) and single deliveries (3.2 in 10,000 live births). Significantly higher frequencies of in situ gland as well as lower TSH mean level at screening were found in twin than in singleton CH babies. The concordance rate for permanent CH was very low (4.3%) and due to only three concordant couples. However, a high recurrence risk for CH was estimated in siblings of affected babies recorded in the INRICH, including twins considered as siblings. CONCLUSIONS: The high CH incidence observed in twins is worthy of interest for the high number of induced pregnancies in Italy as well as in other Western countries. Moreover, the low concordance rate for CH among twins together with a high recurrence risk for the disease among siblings indicates that environmental risk factors may act as a trigger on a susceptible genetic background in the etiology of the disease

Published
2007

43. ARGO-YBJ experiment and the Tev gamma astronomy

Author

The Argo YBJ Collaboration: G. Aielli a, b, C. Bacci c, d, F. Barone e, f, B. Bartoli g, P. Bernardini h, i, X. J. Bi j, C. Bleve h, i, 1, P. Branchini d, A. Budano d, S. Bussino c, A. K. Calabrese Melcarne h, P. Camarri a, Z. Cao j, A. Cappa k, l, R. Cardarelli b, S. Catalanotti g, C. Cattaneo m, S. Cavaliere g, P. Celio c, S. Z. Chen j, N. Cheng j, P. Creti i, S. W. Cui n, G. Cusumano o, p, B. Z. Dai q, G. D’Alí Staiti p, r, Danzengluobu s, M. Dattoli k, l, t, I. De Mitri h, R. De Rosa g, B. D’Ettorre Piazzoli g, M. De Vincenzi c, T. Di Girolamo g, X. H. Ding s, G. Di Sciascio f, C. F. Feng u, Zhaoyang Feng j, Zhenyong Feng v, C. Ferrigno o, F. Galeazzi d, P. Galeotti k, t, X. Y. Gao q. R. Gargana d, F. Garufi g, Q. B. Gou j, H. H. He j, Haibing Hu s, Hongbo Hu j, Q. Huang v, M. Iacovacci g, I. James m, w, H. Y. Jia v, Labaciren s, H. J. Li s, J. Y. Li u, B. Liberti b, G. Liguori m, C. Q. Liu q, J. Liu q, H. Lu j, G. Mancarella h, c, d, G. Marsella i, x, D. Martello h, S. Mastroianni c, X. R. Meng s, J. Mu q, L. Nicastro p, y, C. C. Ning s, L. Palummo a, M. Panareo i, L. Perrone i, P. Pistilli c, X. B. Qu u, E. Rossi f, F. Ruggieri d, L. Saggese g, P. Salvini m, R. Santonico a, A. Segreto o, P. R. Shen j, X. D. Sheng j, F. Shi j, C. Stanescu d, A. Surdo i, Y. H. Tan j, P. Vallania k, S. Vernetto k, C. Vigorito k, H. Wang j, Y. G. Wang j, C. Y. Wu j, H. R. Wu j, B. Xu v, L. Xue u, H. T. Yang q, Q. Y. Yang q, X. C. Yang q, G. C. Yu v, A. F. Yuan s, M. Zha j, H. M. Zhang j, J. L. Zhang j, L. Zhang q, P. Zhang q, X. Y. Zhang u, Y. Zhang j, Zhaxisangzhu s, X. X. Zhou v, F. R. Zhu j, Q. Q. Zhu j, G. Zizzi h, MARI, Stefano Maria, The Argo YBJ Collaboration: G., Aielli a, B, C., Bacci c, D, F., Barone e, F, B., Bartoli g, P., Bernardini h, I, X. J., Bi j, C., Bleve h, I, 1, P., Branchini d, A., Budano d, S., Bussino c, A. K., Calabrese Melcarne h, P., Camarri a, Z., Cao j, A., Cappa k, L, R., Cardarelli b, S., Catalanotti g, C., Cattaneo m, S., Cavaliere g, P., Celio c, S. Z., Chen j, N., Cheng j, P., Creti i, S. W., Cui n, G., Cusumano o, P, B. Z., Dai q, G., D’Alí Staiti p, R, Danzengluobu, S, M., Dattoli k, L, T, I., De Mitri h, R., De Rosa g, B., D’Ettorre Piazzoli g, M., De Vincenzi c, T., Di Girolamo g, X. H., Ding, G., Di Sciascio f, C. F., Feng u, Zhaoyang Feng, J, Zhenyong Feng, V, C., Ferrigno o, F., Galeazzi d, P., Galeotti k, T, X. Y. Gao q. R., Gargana d, F., Garufi g, Q. B., Gou j, H. H., He j, Haibing Hu, S, Hongbo Hu, J, Q., Huang v, M., Iacovacci g, I., James m, W, H. Y., Jia v, Labaciren, S, H. J., Li, J. Y., Li u, B., Liberti b, G., Liguori m, C. Q., Liu q, J., Liu q, H., Lu j, G., Mancarella h, Mari, Stefano Maria, C, D, G., Marsella i, X, D., Martello h, S., Mastroianni c, X. R., Meng, J., Mu q, L., Nicastro p, Y, C. C., Ning, L., Palummo a, M., Panareo i, L., Perrone i, P., Pistilli c, X. B., Qu u, E., Rossi f, F., Ruggieri d, L., Saggese g, P., Salvini m, R., Santonico a, A., Segreto o, P. R., Shen j, X. D., Sheng j, F., Shi j, C., Stanescu d, A., Surdo i, Y. H., Tan j, P., Vallania k, S., Vernetto k, C., Vigorito k, H., Wang j, Y. G., Wang j, C. Y., Wu j, H. R., Wu j, B., Xu v, L., Xue u, H. T., Yang q, Q. Y., Yang q, X. C., Yang q, G. C., Yu v, A. F., Yuan, M., Zha j, H. M., Zhang j, J. L., Zhang j, L., Zhang q, P., Zhang q, X. Y., Zhang u, Y., Zhang j, Zhaxisangzhu, S, X. X., Zhou v, F. R., Zhu j, Q. Q., Zhu j, G., Zizzi h, Aielli, G, Bacci, C, Bartoli, B, Bernardini, P, Bi, Xj, Bleve, C, Branchini, P, Budano, A, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Calabrese Melcarne, Ak, Camarri, P, Cao, Z, Cappa, A, Cardarelli, R, Catalanotti, S, Cattaneo, C, Celio, P, Chen, Sz, Chen, Tl, Chen, Y, Cheng, N, Creti, P, Cui, Sw, Dai, Bz, D'Ali Staiti, G, Danzengluobu, Dattoli, M, De Mitri, I, D'Ettorre Piazzoli, B, De Vincenzi, M, Di Girolamo, T, Ding, Xh, Di Sciascio, G, Feng, Cf, Feng Zhao, Yang, Feng Zhen, Yong, Galeazzi, F, Galeotti, P, Gargana, R, Gou, Qb, Guo, Yq, He, Hh, Hu, Haibing, Hu Hong, Bo, Huang, Q, Iacovacci, M, Iuppa, R, James, I, Jia, Hy, Labaciren, Li, Hj, Li, Jy, Li, Xx, Liberti, B, Liguori, G, Liu, C, Liu, Cq, Liu, My, Liu, J, Lu, H, Ma, Xh, Mancarella, G, Marsella, G, Martello, D, Mastroianni, S, Meng, Xr, Montini, P, Ning, Cc, Pagliaro, A, Panareo, M, Perrone, L, Pistilli, P, Qu, Xb, Rossi, E, Ruggieri, F, Saggese, L, Salvini, P, Santonico, R, Shen, Pr, Sheng, Xd, Shi, F, Stanescu, C, Surdo, A, Tan, Yh, Vallania, P, Vernetto, S, Vigorito, C, Wang, B, Wang, H, Wu, Cy, Wu, Hr, Xu, B, Xue, L, Yan, Yx, Yang, Qy, Yang, Xc, Yuan, Af, Zha, M, Zhang, Hm, Zhang Ji, Long, Zhang Jian, Li, Zhang, L, Zhang, P, Zhang, Xy, Zhang, Y, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, Xx, Zhu, Fr, Zhu, Qq, Zizzi, G., and Bernardini, Paolo

Subjects
Physics, Gamma ray Astronomy, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Gamma-ray astronomy, Astrophysics, Declination, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Astronomia gamma, Argo-Ybj, Sciami estesi, Air shower, Raggi cosmici, Sky, Extensive Air shower, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, media_common
Abstract

The ARGO-YBJ detector is an extensive air shower array consisting of a carpet of Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs). Very high energy (VHE) gamma ray astronomy is the main scientific goal of this Chinese-Italian experiment. High altitude and full coverage ensure a low energy threshold (few hundreds of GeV for primary photons), high duty-cycle and large field of view allow a continuous sky survey in the declination range from −10° to +70°. Also many features of the high energy cosmic rays are studied by ARGO-YBJ exploiting the unprecented shower reconstruction.

Published
2007

44. A tamper resistanthardware accelerator for RSA cryptographic applications

Author

Saggese, G. P. a, Romano, L. a., MAZZOCCA, NICOLA, MAZZEO, ANTONINO, Saggese, G. P. a, Romano, L. a., Mazzocca, Nicola, and Mazzeo, Antonino

Subjects
RSA, Cryptography, Embedded Systems
Abstract

This paper presents an hardware accelerator which can effectively improve the security and the performance of virtually any RSA cryptographic application. The accelerator integrates two crucial security- and performanceenhancing facilities: an RSA processor and an RSA key-store. An RSA processor is a dedicated hardware block which executes the RSA algorithm. An RSA key-store is a dedicated device for securely storing RSA key-pairs. We chose RSA since it is by far the most widely adopted standard in public key cryptography. We describe the main functional blocks of the hardware accelerator and their interactions, and comment architectural solutions we adopted for maximizing security and performance while minimizing the cost in terms of hardware resources. We then present an FPGA-based implementation of the proposed architecture, which relies on a Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) programmable hardware board. Finally, we evaluate the system in terms of performance and chip area occupation, and comment the design trade-offs resulting from different levels of parallelism.

Published
2004

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