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Objective: The purpose of this research study was to develop Ketoprofen-loaded Pickering nanoemulsion with the help of polymeric nanoparticles [NPs]. The pickering nanoemulsion formulation is developed using Eudragit RL 100, which has the greater ability to stabilize the formulation as well as it better controls the release of drug upon oral administration. Method: In the present study, Ketoprofen - loaded Pickering nanoemulsion were prepared using an ultrasonic emulsification process. For the preparation of the Nanoemulsion, an aqueous phase of the nanodispersion of nanoparticle is used while Captex -300 and drug premix is used as oil phase. The nanoemulsion is formulated by using a probe sonicator with different ratios of aqueous phase and oil phase. The preformulation study of polymer or drug is done by FTIR and DSC and the drug - polymer compatibility was confirmed by FTIR. The prepared formulation was evaluated for physical appearance, pH, Viscosity, In vitro drug release, Particle size, Zeta Potential, Polydispersivity index, and transmission electron microscopy and stability. The Formulation is optimized for the different concentrations of the aqueous phase and oil phase with concentrations of drug and polymer. Results: All the prepared formulations show particle size in between 100-500nm hence it indicats formation of nanoemulsion. The zeta potential is -46mv which indicates good stability of formulation. The In vitro drug release shows maximum drug release i.e. 96.93% in 10 hrs which shows that the release of drug is prolonged due to formation of Polymer NPs. Conclusion: Thus the drug release was significantly controlled and slowed down when nanoemulsion is formulated by using NPs in comparison with control. These results fulfilled the objective of the study. This study opens new prospects on the formulation of Pickering nanoemulsion.

Rosuvastatin (ROS) is a class of antihyperlipidemic agents belonging to the class of statins with poor permeability, which results in low oral bioavailability, i.e. 20%. The objective of the present study was to improve the permeability and bioavailability of ROS by developing nanocochelates using naturally biocompatible phosphatidylcholine, a type of lipid which is used as CaFor the loaded ROS, the trapping method was used to build nanocochelates to boost the intestinal permeability of phosphatidylcholine and divalent choline is a calcium chloride cationic solution.Nine different formulations have been produced and with varying lipid and cationic solution concentrations. The formulation of nanocochelates characterized by scanning electron microscopy, particle size, and zeta potential. Permeability studies have been conducted to determine the permeability improvement property of nanocochelates. The pharmacokinetic study was performed in Wistar albino rats to determine the bioavailability enhancement potential of nanocochlelates.The concentration of optimum lipid, calcium chloride was found to be 80 mg, 200 uL respectively which improve permeability by 3.44 times as compared to the marketed formulation. TheThe findings suggest that the use of natural lipid carrier by nanocochelates of Rosuvastatin was promising drug delivery approach.

Crohn’s disease (CD) frequently manifests in the second and third decades of life. Malnutrition and corticosteroid therapy may affect bone mineralization and delay bone growth. Our aim was to study bone mineral density and factors associated low bone mineral density (BMD) in pediatric CD. A cross-sectional observational study in children with CD (aged 5 to

Static Synchronous compensator (STATCOM), a shunt connected device of the FACTS family of devices can be a reactive power compensator as well as a device useful for solving modern power system problems like active power balance and improving dynamic stability of system. It has been realized by using various types of converters in literature but the use of multilevel inverters offers various advantages over conventional converters. It can give same output without involving the bulky components like coupling transformer. The absence of large components like reactor and capacitor for compensation make STATCOM more advantageous for compensation. This paper proposes a five level cascade H-bridge type of VSC to exploit various advantages offered by this topology for the application of STATCOM along with PI controller for reactive power injection into the system.

For study of filter of shunt active (SAPF) with SMC controller is attached to PI controller in two different configuration and to find better result such as lowest THD and improved power factor. The proposed system consist of three phase three winding transformer with star connected secondary winding which is tapped to shunt connected active power filter. This types of transformer arrangement rundowns the filter side voltage, avoiding the demand of high bandwidth step-down transformer. That type of arrangement reduces voltage rating of APF switches and also increasing frequency of switching limit. With the help of active filter which is connected on shunt they are compensated reactive power to the system. This article proposes the PI with SMC controller for improvement of power quality by shunt active power filter (SAPF). Here the SIMULINK model of SAPF and control technique by PI with SMC controller has been carried out in MATLAB SIMULINK.

Fault current limiters (FCLs) have been instrumental on industrial level, with their enhanced power quality with respect to voltage sag mitigation, reduced upgrading of switchgears and prevention of protection system equipment from severe damages. Due to the industrial growth in power system network, there is an essential need for FCL. Recent work on FCL has picked up a quicker pace in the area of fault diagnosis of power system. Traditional methods such as fuse, Circuit Breakers (CBs) and Transformers etc. are used for limiting the fault current in the power network. But then again fuse is a single use device and takes manual replacement, also CBs have limitations of higher ratings. Transformer inrush current is another problem. This paper presents a detailed review of various fault current limiter configurations, control strategies, recent trends and their implementation for particular applications.

The polyphase systems plays vital role in electrical systems due to its various advantages in power transmission and drives. In balanced polyphase system, due to the disturbances unbalances may occur which may depend on construction of winding and type of load. Therefore it is very essential to analyze the system components like voltages and currents. To carry out this analysis in phase components is tedious. Sequence components analysis is widely used in power sector to analyze the unbalanced systems and faults. This paper presents mathematical analysis of three phase, five phase and six phase symmetrical components and to simplify the understanding of sequence components comparative performance is analyzed using MATLAB script.

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with increased prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) which mediates increased insulin resistance and is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Aim of the study was to understand the association of NAFLD with anthropometric and metabolic parameters in T2DM.Methods: A retrospective observation of data obtained from a private diabetes care centre in non-alcoholic T2D patients was performed. Association of presence of NAFLD with anthropometric, metabolic (glycemic, lipid) parameters, and also blood pressure were assessed. Patients were duly informed that the data collected pertaining to their illness could be used for research purposes. No changes or interventions in the management of the illness were made as part of this study.Results: In total, 300 cases were included in analysis. NAFLD was seen in 38.0% of the cases. Patients with fatty liver were much older than those without fatty liver (P

Introduction: Metabolic bone disease occurring in chronic liver disease (CLD) is known as hepatic osteodystrophy (HOD) and treatment of which can reduce the morbidity and fracture risk. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of HOD and correlate it with child (CTP) status of liver disease and Model for End Stage Liver Disease (MELD). Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in AIMS, Kochi between October 2013 and March 2015, in which 136 patients with chronic liver disease of any etiology were included. Osteoporosis was evaluated by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and bone mineral density (BMD) was measured in Lumbar spine (L1–L4) and femur. Osteodystrophy was defined by World Health Organization criteria. The baseline and relevant clinical data including Vitamin D3 levels were recorded on a predesigned proforma and correlated with HOD using SPSS version 16.0. Result: Mean age of the population was 50.84 years with a male preponderance (n = 129). The mean duration of liver disease was 23.3 19.2 months and alcohol being the most common etiology (55%) with a majority of patients having decompensated liver disease (53.7%). The overall prevalence of osteodystrophywas77.9% (42.6%osteopenia and35.3%osteoporosis). The mean T-score was ( 1.735) (1.505). Lumbar spine was more affected than femur. Osteoporosis was more common in patients with CHILD C cirrhosis (46.6%) (P 20), irrespective of etiology and vitamin D levels. Conclusion: Our study showed high prevalence of HOD in patients with CLD which was more common in advanced liver disease irrespective of etiology or vitamin D levels. Further studies with relevant clinical outcomes are therefore warranted in order to guide therapeutic decisions in this population. Corresponding author: Harikumar Nair. E-mail: harikumnair@yahoo.co.in