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Premature loss of primary molars often leads to loss of arch circumference in the primary and mixed dentition. It can lead to malpositioning and even impaction of permanent tooth, if not prevented. Space maintainers in preventive orthodontics, are imperative in maintaining arch integrity. Band and loop space maintainers are indicated whenever there is premature loss of primary molar. The conventional band and loop space maintainer is most routinely fabricated, but poses certain limitations. Three-dimensional (3D) printing in digital dentistry is one of the major developments in dentistry. It replicates the dental cast in the most accurate forms. This allows for supreme precision and minimal human errors. Besides decreasing the laboratory procedures, it has the least chance of failure or breakage. The current case report discusses 3D printing technology for the fabrication of band and loop space maintainer, which can revolutionize preventive orthodontics for children.

To compare and evaluate the efficacy, hemodynamic changes, and postoperative complications of 4% articaine using buccal infiltration and 2% lidocaine using inferior alveolar nerve block in mandibular primary molars of children aged 6 to 8 years.100 participants were randomly distributed to receive either 4% articaine using infiltration anesthesia or 2% lidocaine using inferior alveolar nerve block on each side of the mandibular arch, in two different appointments, after a 1-week interval. The pain perception was evaluated using visual analog scale (VAS) and Wong-Baker Faces pain rating scale (WBFPRS). In both the appointments, the efficacy and onset of anesthesia were evaluated usin g an electric pulp tester. Hemodynamic parameters, which included pulse rate and oxygen saturation levels, were evaluated using a pulse oximeter. Postoperative complications were evaluated at 24-hour follow-up.Pain score recorded with block was more painful compared to infiltration (P.05). Anesthetic success was observed with both the local anesthetic agents, with no significant differences (P.05). Shorter onset of action was observed with articaine (P.05). Statistically significant differences between groups were noted with regard to heart rate (P.05). Oxygen saturation levels did not show significant differences (P.05). When postoperative complications were evaluated with either 4% articaine or 2% lidocaine, very few adverse effects were recorded (P.05).Buccal infiltration using 4% articaine has the potential to replace 2% lidocaine using inferior alveolar nerve block in children.(Quintessence Int 2021;52:780-786; doi: 10.3290/j.qi.b1492247).

Background: Focal Reactive Gingival Overgrowths (FRGO) manifest as a result of chronic stimuli in the form of fibrous connective tissue lesions in the oral mucosa which are routinely observed in day-to-day dental practice. Gingiva is the frequently affected site for such lesions. Along with the clinical presentation, the histopathological investigation of the lesion plays a crucial role for the confirmation of the diagnosis. This case report deals with the surgical management of pyogenic granuloma and irritational fibroma. The first case is treated by using a modified surgical excision in an attempt to prevent the lesion from recurring. On following of both the cases after one month it was observed that the lesions did not recur. Elimination of the cause along with parental counselling are the essential factors for the successful outcome in such cases.