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Xinqing Zhu,1,&ast; Abdullah Al-danakh,1,&ast; Yuli Jian,2,&ast; Mohammed Safi,3,&ast; Sijie Luo,1,&ast; Qiwei Chen,1 Shujing Wang,2 Deyong Yang1,4 1Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning People’s Republic of China; 3Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology Department, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; 4Department of Surgery, Healinghands Clinic, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Deyong Yang; Shujing Wang, Email yangdeyong@dmu.edu.cn; wangshujing@dmu.edu.cnBackground: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the predominant subtype of RCC, is distinguished by unique biological characteristics and heterogeneity, including eosinophilic and clear subtypes. Notwithstanding progress in therapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), the prognosis for individuals with metastatic ccRCC remains poor, presumably owing to metabolic alterations leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, which affects treatment response variability.Methods: We analyzed histological and immunohistochemical data from a cohort at Dalian Medical University’s First Affiliated Hospital alongside RNA-sequencing transcriptome data from the TCGA database. Histologically, eosinophilic and clear ccRCC subtypes were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards models for survival analysis and prognosis. Differential gene expression (DEG) analysis and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis were performed to explore transcriptomic differences and relevant pathways.Results: The study discovered substantial histological and molecular differences between the eosinophilic and clear cell subtypes of ccRCC. The eosinophilic subtype linked with frequent high-grade tumors (69.05% eosinophil vs 35.35% clear) and a poorer prognosis (HR=2.659, 95% CI:1.437– 4.919, P=0.002). DEG analysis revealed distinct expression patterns among subtypes and identified a risk score signature that remained significant even after adjusting for clinical variables (HR=3.967, 95% CI: 1.665– 9.449, P=0.002), showing less favorable survival in the high-risk group (P < 0.0001). RRM2 emerged as the most prognostic gene from this risk score, particularly in the eosinophilic subtype, alongside other clinical variables. By IHC, RRM2 shows high IHC score in eosinophilic compared to clear subtype (P=0.019). In addition, highly expressed RRM2 correlates with poor outcomes and is linked to mitochondrial genes, immunological pathways, and ICIs treatment.Conclusion: These findings show significant differences in prognosis between subtypes. RRM2 was the most prognostic gene from the discovered novel risk score signature associated with subtypes. Future research is essential to validate these insights and their therapeutic implications for ccRCC management.Keywords: clear cell renal cell carcinoma subtypes, metabolic reprogramming. mitochondria, tumor microenvironment, RRM2, immune checkpoint inhibitors

Damage assessments of concrete structures are essential to determine their seismic performances under earthquake events. In this paper, six three bays two dimensional concrete frames, five to ten story high, were analyzed under 30 near-field earthquake records by nonlinear dynamic analyses. The seismic performances were evaluated using two important overall damage indices which are: the modified Park-Ang index and the maximum softening damage index. The correlations between several seismic parameters and the two damage indices of the six concrete frames were determined using Spearman correlation coefficient. In the end, the values of correlations between seismic parameters and these two damage indices were compared and discussed. Subsequently, seismic parameters that have the strongest and the fairest correlation were presented. The numerical results of correlations have shown that Velocity Spectrum Intensity (VSI) has a strong interdependency with two overall structural damage indices (the modified Park-Ang model and the maximum softening damage) for all of the reinforced concrete frames.

Mohammed Safi,1,&ast; Al-shaebi Fadhl,1,&ast; Yousif A Algabri,2 Caiqing Zhang1 1Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Caiqing Zhang, Department of respiratory, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250023, People’s Republic of China, Email freezcq11@sdu.edu.cn Al-shaebi Fadhl, Email fadhlalshaebi@tu.edu.ye

This study aims to investigate Jordanian university students' attitudes towards using video and text chat discourse with anonymous native speakers of English to improve their English proficiency. To achieve this aim, a questionnaire was designed. The study sample consisted of 320 university students enrolled in two Jordanian universities. Results revealed that students' attitudes towards using video and text chat with English native speakers for improving their English language skills were higher concerning speaking skills, followed by listening skills, reading skills and finally writing skills. Furthermore, results indicated that there were statistically significant differences amongst students, which are attributed to their gender, the faculty they are enrolled in, the chat messenger mode they use most frequently and their seniority of study at university. In light of the aforementioned results, the researchers proposed a number of pedagogical recommendations. (Contains 10 tables.)

Background: The ability to walk again is often lost following a spinal cord injury (SCI), making it one of the most important goals for patients. In the last decade, robotic-assisted gait training has become a prominent rehabilitation therapy for enhancing people's walking patterns after neurological impairment. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of robotic-assisted gait training (RAGT) in children having incomplete spinal cord injury compared to traditional rehabilitation training. Methods: Thirty patients having motor incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI), aged 7-14, were recruited and randomly assigned to two groups in a specialized rehabilitation institution (15 children each). The Control Group (CG) participated in conventional therapy for 1 hour per day, 5 days per week for a whole month, whereas the Study Group (SG) underwent RAGT in addition to conventional physiotherapy on the following schedule: 3 days with RAGT& 2 days with regular treatment a week for 1 month. Main outcome measures: Biodex isokinetic dynamometer & walking index used for spinal cord injury version II (WISCI-II) were performed before and after the intervention to provide indicators for improvement in ambulatory and decrease in patients' degree of impairment. Results: As compared to the control group, the study group has shown statistically substantial improvement. Conclusion: It is possible that ambulatory function can be improved by RAGT when compared to traditional physiotherapy. In children with incomplete spinal cord injuries, RAGT can be a useful adjunct to other rehabilitative methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The elastic properties of cementitious composites reinforced by nano-tailored hybrid fibers are analyzed using a micromechanical method. The microstructural feature of the hybrid fiber is that uniformly aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are grown radially on the circumferential surface of carbon fibers (CFs). The CNT waviness and CNT/cement interfacial region are considered. The predictions are compared with experiments, which guarantee the validity of the model. The mechanical properties of cementitious composites, especially in transverse direction, are enhanced due to the radial growth of CNTs on the CFs. The CNT/cement interfacial zone may have a significant effect on the elastic behavior of the nano-tailored hybrid fiber-cement composites. As the mechanical properties of interphase are higher than those of the cement matrix, increasing the interphase thickness causes an improvement in the elastic and shear moduli. The CNT non-straight shape decreases the transverse elastic modulus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many children with mental health problems in Egypt, as in many other countries, do not receive the help they need. Investigating the pathways of care is crucial for the early detection and treatment of these children. This study examined referral patterns and the duration of untreated psychiatric illness of 350 children attending two urban clinical settings in Egypt. Diagnoses were made using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorder and Schizophrenia for School-aged children present and lifetime (K-SADS-PL), Child behavior checklist (CBCL,) and the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale. For 46.3%, the most distressing symptom was behavioral problems. A delay in seeking psychiatric help was found. positive family history, and lower socioeconomic class were associated with delays in psychiatric consultation. For 39.7% of patients, the first contact was with a psychiatrist. Most children were referred by relatives. Awareness programs are needed to increase knowledge about and to decrease the duration of untreated illness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the major divisions in the mathematical modeling of a tubular structure is to include the effect of the transverse shear stress and rotary inertia in vibration of members. During the past three decades, problems of vibration of tubular structures have been considered by some authors, and special attention has been devoted to the Timoshenko theory. There have been considerable efforts, also, to apply the method of spectral analysis to vibration of a structure with tubular section beams. The purpose of this paper is to compare the results of the improved complex spectral element method for the Timoshenko theory with those derived from the conventional finite element method for an offshore structure. Using a computer program, the proposed formulation has been extended to derive the dynamic response of an offshore platform structure under dynamic loads. [DOI: 10.1115/1.1577357]