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A magnetic Fe3O4/MIL-88A Fe rod-like nanocomposite containing H3PW12O40 was fabricated and applied as a new magnetically recoverable ternary adsorbent to remove antibiotics and dyes from aqueous solutions.

A novel HAP/MIL-101(Fe)/Ag/Fe3O4 magnetic nanocomposite was synthesized and used for the rapid catalytic reduction of nitro compounds and as an antibacterial agent at room temperature.

A copper(ii) Schiff base complex was grafted onto a magnetic graphene oxide–cobalt ferrite (GO/CoFe2O4) composite using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as a linker and used as a rapid and selective adsorbent to remove anionic organic dyes from water.

The magnetic g-C3N4/CoFe2O4 nanocomposite was successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method and applied as a new carbon nitride-based sonocatalyst for the degradation of pollutant dyes.

A magnetic rod-like hydroxyapatite and MIL-101(Fe) metal–organic framework (HAP/MIL-101(Fe)/Fe3O4) nanocomposite was fabricated and applied as a new magnetically recoverable ternary adsorbent to remove antibiotics from aqueous solutions.

The present study highlights the successful fabrication of a zeolite NaX/MgFe2O4/CdO magnetically separable nanocomposite catalyst via an ultrasonic-assisted hydrothermal strategy for the decontamination of sulfur mustard agent simulant 2-chloroethyl phenyl sulfide (2-CEPS) for the first time. The as-fabricated nanocomposite was fully characterized using FESEM, TEM, EDAX, FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, AFM, VSM, N2-BET, and ICP-AES analyses. The decontamination process of 2-CEPS was monitored via GC-FID analysis. Furthermore, the effects of different analytical parameters such as contact time, catalyst type, catalyst amount and solvent type on the decontamination efficiency of 2-CEPS were precisely investigated. By using 50 mg of NaX/MgFe2O4/CdO catalyst in the presence of an n-heptane non-polar solvent, a decontamination efficiency of 100% was achieved after a contact time of 120 min. The decontamination process rate was verified by a first-order kinetic model. The obtained outcomes demonstrated that the apparent rate constant (kapp) and half-life time (t1/2) were 0.219 min−1 and 31.64 min, respectively. Lastly, the presence of hydrolysis and elimination products, namely 2-hydroxy ethyl phenyl sulfide (2-HEPS) and phenyl vinyl sulfide (PVS), from the effective degradation of 2-CEPS over the NaX/MgFe2O4/CdO catalyst was confirmed, and GC-MS analysis was performed to identify the degradation products of this agent simulant. This illustrates that the NaX/MgFe2O4/CdO catalyst could potentially be utilized for the removal of hazardous chemical warfare agents.

In this paper, a new magnetic reduced graphene oxide functionalized with a Co(II) Schiff base complex (Co(SB)-rGO/ZnFe2O4) was synthesized and characterized by means of FT-IR, Raman, XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, BET, TGA, zeta potential and VSM measurements. All analyses confirmed the successful immobilization of the Co(II) Schiff base (∼10.2 wt%) into the magnetic GO nanosheets. The adsorption abilities of the synthesized nanocomposite were tested towards cationic methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RhB), and anionic methyl orange (MO) dyes. From the results, this magnetic hybrid nanomaterial exhibited excellent adsorption ability for anionic organic pollutants; it could absorb 100% of methyl orange (MO) from an aqueous solution within only 2 min. Moreover, the magnetic nanocomposite demonstrated the fast and selective adsorption of anionic dyes from mixed dye solutions. The removal rate was up to 100% for MO from MO + MB and MO + RhB mixed solutions within 5 minutes. The influences of the initial concentration of dye, amount of adsorbent and pH on the adsorption ability were examined in detail. The kinetics of the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir isotherm model provided the best fit for the adsorption of MO onto the Co(SB)-rGO/ZnFe2O4 composite. The adsorbent was readily recovered from the reaction mixture by a usual magnet and reused at least four times without any observable change in structure and adsorption capability. Therefore, this novel magnetic nanomaterial demonstrates great potential in the applications of water treatment and recovery of valuable organic compounds from wastewater.

In this work, pyridine 4-carbaldehye semicarbazone Schiff base ligand (HL) was synthesized with condention of pyridine 4-carbaldehyde and semicarbazide hydrochloride in reflux method. The HL was characterized using the CHN elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV-Vis, and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The single crystals of HL prepared and used for the X-ray crystallography. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed that, HL crystallized in a triclinic system with the space group P-1. The FT-IR spectra and X-ray crystallography results suggested that the HL ligand is in keto form.

Salinity stress is one of the environmental factors that has many negative effects on the biochemical and physiological processes of the plants. In addition, according to previous reports, nanopart...

In this work, the novel magnetically separable NaY zeolite/MgFe2O4/CdS nanorods/MoS2 nanoflowers nanocomposite was successfully synthesized through the ultrasonic-assisted solvothermal approach. FESEM, EDAX, XRD, FTIR, TEM, AFM, VSM, N2-BET, UV-vis DRS and PL were utilized to identify the as-synthesized nanocomposite. Subsequently, the sonocatalytic activity of this nanocomposite was assessed in the degradation of organic dyes, including methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (RhB) and methyl orange (MO) from water solutions for the first time. Several analytical parameters like irradiation time, process type, initial MB concentration, H2O2 concentration, catalyst dosage, organic dye type, and US power have been systematically investigated to attain the maximum sonocatalytic yield. Regarding the acquired data, the NaY/MgFe2O4/CdS NRs/MoS2 NFs sonocatalyst was incredibly able to completely eliminate the MB via engaging the US/H2O2 system. The kinetic evaluates demonstrated the sonodegradation reactions of the MB followed a first-order model. The apparent rate constant (kapp) and half-life time (t1/2) acquired for the sonodegradation process of MB utilizing the US/H2O2/NaY/MgFe2O4/CdS NRs/MoS2 NFs system were measured to be 1.162 min and 0.596 min−1, respectively. The free ˙OH radicals were also recognized as the main reactive oxygen species in the MB sonodegradation process under US irradiation. In addition, the outcomes of the recyclability study of the NaY/MgFe2O4/CdS NRs/MoS2 NFs sonocatalytic clearly displayed a less than 6% drop of the catalytic activity in up to four sequential runs. Lastly, a plausible mechanism for the sonodegradation reaction of organic dyes was suggested and discussed.

In this current research, the novel zeolite ZSM-5/CdS nanorods (NRs)/MoS2 nanoflowers (NFs)/MnFe2O4 as a magnetically separable nanocomposite catalyst was obtained by an ultrasonic-assisted hydrothermal route. The as-fabricated nanocomposite was further investigated by FE-SEM-EDX, FTIR, XRD, TEM, VSM, N2-BET, UV-Vis DRS, and PL. This nanocomposite was then proposed for the sonodegradation of organic pollutants in aqueous solutions. The reactions were all performed under optimized conditions and the pursuant monitoring was accomplished by operating UV-Vis analysis. The sonocatalytic capability of this nanocomposite was surveyed against the H2O2-assisted degradation of organic pollutants, namely methylene blue (MB), eriochrome black T (EBT), methyl orange (MO), rhodamine B (RhB), and chlorpyrifos (CP), under ultrasonic irradiation. Moreover, the influence of several operational factors, namely contact time, catalyst amount, initial concentration of MB, H2O2 concentration, organic pollutant type, US power and process type, on the outcomes of the degradation processes for MB, RhB, EBT, MO, and CP were precisely considered. The sonodegradation reactions rate was also verified via a first-order kinetic model. The achieved results illustrated that the half-life (t1/2) and apparent rate constant (kapp) values of the sonocatalytic degradation of MB dye (25 mg L−1) using ZSM-5/CdS NRs/MoS2 NFs/MnFe2O4 (10 mg) and H2O2 (4 mM) within 10 min were 2.547 min and 0.272 min−1, respectively. Moreover, the noteworthy role of ˙OH radicals as oxidizing species in the sonodegradation processes was unambiguously proved. Additionally, the recyclability of the sonocatalyst was investigated, which confirmed that it can be recycled up to four times with almost trivial loss of catalytic performance.

In the present study, a novel magnetic CdS nanorods (NRs)/NiFe2O4/NaX zeolite sonocatalyst nanocomposite was successfully synthesized for the first time by a simple ultrasound-assisted solvothermal method. Several techniques, including FTIR, FE-SEM, EDAX, EDAX elemental dot-mapping, TEM, AFM, XRD, VSM, UV-Vis DRS, and N2-BET, were utilized to characterize the as-fabricated catalyst. Then, the CdS nanorods/NiFe2O4/NaX catalyst nanocomposite was used for the degradation of various organic dyes, such as methylene blue (MB), eriochrome black T (EBT), rhodamine B (RhB), and methyl orange (MO), in aqueous solutions under ultrasound irradiation, and the results were obtained via UV-Vis absorption analysis. The sonodegradation processes of the dye contaminants were carried out in the presence of H2O2 as an oxidizing agent. Moreover, the effects of different experimental parameters, namely irradiation time, process type, catalyst dosage, initial dye concentration, H2O2 concentration, scavenger type, and catalyst reusability, on the degradation reactions of MB, EBT, RhB, and MO were investigated. Furthermore, to study the sonodegradation reactions of dyes, the first-order kinetic model was employed. Subsequently, the rate constant (kapp) and half-life (t1/2) for the degradation of MB in the US/H2O2/CdS NRs/NiFe2O4/NaX system were measured as 0.0538 min−1 and 12.881 min, respectively. In addition, the acquired information reveals the prominent role of ˙OH, known as a radical scavenger, derived from H2O2 in the entire sonodegradation reaction.

In this research, a novel magnetic sonocatalyst nanocomposite, CoFe2O4@Cr-MIL-101/Y zeolite, has been successfully fabricated employing a simple hydrothermal method. The as-prepared catalyst was thoroughly identified using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), EDS elemental dot-mapping, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and nitrogen Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (N2-BET) analyses. The procured CoFe2O4@Cr-MIL-101/Y nanocomposite was then assessed for the decomposition of three types of organic dyes namely methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (RhB) and methyl orange (MO) from water solution using ultrasound irradiation and subsequently monitored via UV-Vis absorption technique. The sonodecomposition reactions of organic dyes were accomplished in the presence of the H2O2 solution as a green oxidizing agent. Furthermore, the influence of various experimental independent factors such as irradiation time, process type, initial dye concentration, catalyst dosage, H2O2 concentration, scavenger type, and catalyst regeneration on the decomposition of MB, RhB and MO were surveyed. Additionally, a first order kinetic model was applied to investigate the sonodecomposition reactions of dye contaminants. The rate constant (k) and half-life (t1/2) data were gained as 0.0675 min−1 and 10.2666 min, respectively, for the decomposition of MB in the US/H2O2/CoFe2O4@Cr-MIL-101/Y system. Besides, evaluating the attained results, the distinctive performance of ˙OH as the radical scavenger originating from H2O2 throughout the sonodecomposition process is vividly approved.

In this study, the MIL-101(Cr) metal–organic framework was functionalized with a Dowson-type polyoxometalate (P2W18O626−; POM) and magnetic spinel cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4; CFO) through a hydrothermal route and was characterized by means of FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, BET, and VSM measurements. All analyses confirmed the successful encapsulation of POM (∼32.2 wt%) into the magnetic MIL-101(Cr) framework. Compared to the pristine MIL-101(Cr) MOF, the as-prepared magnetic ternary nanocomposite (abbreviated as POM/CFO/MIL-101(Cr)) demonstrated a notable decrease in both the surface area and pore volume because of the incorporation of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles and huge P2W18O626− polyanions into the cages of the MIL-101(Cr) framework. The POM/CFO/MIL-101(Cr) was then applied as a magnetically separable adsorbent for the rapid elimination of rhodamine B (RhB), methyl orange (MO), and methylene blue (MB) dye pollutants from aqueous solutions. For achieving the optimized conditions, the effects of initial pH, initial dye concentration, temperature, salt effect, and adsorbent dose on MB and RhB elimination were investigated. The dye adsorption isotherms followed the Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The POM/CFO/MIL-101(Cr) composite material not only exhibited a fast adsorption rate towards dye molecules, but also demonstrated the selective adsorption of the cationic dyes in wastewater. The recycling experiments also demonstrated that the POM/CFO/MIL-101(Cr) adsorbent was highly stable and could be quickly recovered under a magnetic field without any alteration in the structure. The high adsorption capacity, simple fabrication method, rapid separation by a magnet and supreme reusability of the POM/CFO/MIL-101(Cr) nanocomposite make it an attractive adsorbent for the elimination of cationic dyes from wastewater.

In this work, an inorganic–organic hybrid nanomaterial, P2Mo18/MIL-101(Cr), based on Wells–Dawson-type (NH4)6P2Mo18O62 polyoxometalate (abbreviated as P2Mo18) and the MIL-101(Cr) metal–organic framework was fabricated by the reaction of (NH4)6P2Mo18O62, Cr(NO3)3·9H2O and terephthalic acid under hydrothermal conditions. The as-prepared recyclable nanohybrid was fully characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Raman spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area studies. All the analyses confirmed the successful insertion of P2Mo18O626− heteropolyanion within the cavities of MIL-101(Cr). The encapsulated MIL-101(Cr) showed a considerable decrease in both pore volume and surface area compared with MIL-101(Cr) due to incorporation of the very large Dowson-type polyoxometalate into the three-dimensional porous MIL-101(Cr). The nanohybrid had a specific surface area of 800.42 m2 g−1. The adsorption efficiency of this nanohybrid for removal of methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (RhB), and methyl orange (MO) from aqueous solutions was evaluated. Surprisingly, the composite not only presented a high adsorption capacity of 312.5 mg g−1 for MB, but also has the ability to rapidly remove 100% MB from a dye solution of 50 mg L−1 within 3 min. These results confirmed that this adsorbent is applicable in a wide pH range of 2–10. The nanohybrid showed rapid and selective adsorption for cationic MB and RhB dyes from MB/MO, MB/RhB, MO/RhB and MB/MO/RhB mixed dye solutions. The equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted by the Langmuir isotherm. Kinetics data indicate that the adsorption of the dye follows a pseudo-second order kinetics model. Also, this material could be effortlessly separated and recycled without any structural modification. Accordingly, it is an efficient adsorbent for removing cationic dyes.

The fabrication of proton exchange membranes with a short conduction pathway in the direction of membrane thickness is desirable for fuel cell applications. In this study, a new nanohybrid additive (Co3O4-NH2/H3PW12O40; CAW) is synthesized, by anchoring phosphotungstic acid (H3PW12O40; HPW) on aminopropylsiloxane-functionalized cobalt oxide, and then it is incorporated into the Nafion (NF) matrix to prepare nanocomposite membranes by film casting from CAW dispersions in NF solutions. To obtain short-pathway proton-conducting channels, through the nanocomposite membranes drying process, a magnetic field is employed to align the nanohybrid particles in transversal (thickness) direction of the NF matrix. Furthermore, the alignment of nanohybrids is observed directly by scanning electron microscopy, and estimated indirectly by proton conductivity and methanol permeability values. It is found that alignment of nanohybrids in the NF matrix elevates the conductivity of proton as well as the permeability of methanol. The aligned NF/CAW nanocomposite membrane with 1 wt% of CAW reveals the highest proton conductivity of 211 mS cm−1 at 90 °C and 95% relative humidity, which is 39% higher than that of pure NF (152 mS cm−1). Interestingly, through the orientation of CAW, 76% improvement in the selectivity of the membranes is observed.

A new hybrid of silica aerogel with a Preyssler‐type polyoxometalate and MIL‐101(Cr) metal–organic framework was prepared and used as a highly porous fiber coating for headspace solid-phase microextraction of Ferulago angulata volatile components. Applying a permanent magnetic field to the sorbent increased the extraction efficiency for most of the plant’s components, up to 5.53 times. Optimization of the extraction parameters was carried out using a GC–MS instrument and by a simplex method. The extraction efficiency of the P5W30/MIL-101(Cr)/silica aerogel fiber exceeded 3.5 times of a mesoporous SBA-15 fiber. The prepared fiber was stable in multiple injections with relative standard deviations of 5.3 to 10.9% for 5 replicates. The proposed method was successfully applied to the extraction and identification of volatile components of some F. angulata samples. According to the results obtained by GC-FID, β-bourbonene, β-gurjunene, β-elemene and cedrenol were the main components of the plant.

The current study focuses on using the NaX/MgO–TiO2 zeolite nanocomposite for the adsorption of methyl orange (MO) organic dye from aqueous solution. For this purpose, MgO–TiO2 nanoparticles were firstly supported on the NaX zeolite using the ultrasound-assisted dispersion method at 450 °C. The obtained nanocomposite was well characterized by Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray dot-mapping, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The UV–Vis results proved that MO was adsorbed on the nanocomposite after 35 min at 45 °C with a yield more than 95%. The different factors such as pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, adsorbent type, and initial concentration was applied to investigate the adsorption efficiency of NaX/MgO–TiO2 nanocomposite for the adsorption of MO dye. Also, Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models were examined. The experimental adsorption isotherm was successfully verified by the Langmuir model with a maximum adsorption capacity 53.76 mg g−1 of MO on the NaX/MgO–TiO2 nanocomposite. The reaction kinetic was evaluated by employing the pseudo-first and second-orders models. The adsorption kinetic fit pseudo-second-order model. In addition, the investigation of the thermodynamic parameters including $$\Delta G^{O}$$,$$\Delta H^{O}$$, and $$\Delta S^{O}$$ indicated that adsorption reaction of MO was spontaneous, revealing physicochemical adsorption properties and endothermic process.

Perovskite-type LaNiO3 nanoparticles were synthesized by an auto-combustion method and coated with a SiO2 shell. Then, silica-coated LaNiO3 nanoparticles were used as an active support of Keggin-type phosphotungstic acid (H3PW12O40, abbreviate as PW12) for the synthesis of novel LaNiO3@SiO2/PW12 hybrid nanomaterial. The LaNiO3@SiO2/PW12 nanomaterial was characterized by using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDX and AFM analyses and tested as a new absorbent for the removal of cationic methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B and anionic methyl orange (MO) organic dyes from aqueous solutions. The results of the adsorption measurements demonstrated that the LaNiO3@SiO2/PW12 hybrid exhibited superior performance to pristine LaNiO3, suggesting that PW12 polyoxometalate play a critical role in the adsorption performance improvement. The effect of some important parameters such as dye concentration, pH, and temperature was studied on the dye removal process. Furthermore, the selective adsorption of the LaNiO3@SiO2/PW12 nanohybrid was investigated towards MB/RhB, MB/MO, MO/RhB and MB/MO/RhB mixed dye solutions. The hybrid showed rapid and selective adsorption for cationic MB and RhB dyes from mixed dye solutions. Also, it can separate easily from the aqueous solutions and recycled three times without any loss of adsorption ability. Based on the results of this study, the hybrid is an efficient adsorbent for eliminating cationic dyes.

Herein, in a new approach, highly porous alumina materials (HiPAs) have been synthesized through cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) bloated micelles or merged CTAB/dicarboxylic acid vesicular aggregates (di-acids with 8, 10, and 12 carbon atoms) as novel templates and characterized by N

Noncovalent dimer and trimer adducts obtained from interaction of nido-C4B2H6 with one and two HF molecules were investigated at MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ computational method. In the trimer adducts, two types of geometrical structures were observed. In one kind, no interaction occurred among HF molecules, while in the other ones HF molecules affected the cluster’s stabilities through their hydrogen bonding. The most stable dimer and trimer complexes were related to those structures in which HF molecules had interaction with C4B2H6 from its basal plane. In the trimer complexes, structure, energy, and the spectral characteristics of C4B2H6–HF dimers were significantly influenced by type of its interaction with secondary HF molecule. The interaction energies illustrated weak diminutive and cooperative effects repeatedly. The most stable complexes displayed cooperative effects, while the most unstable ones displayed diminutive effects. Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) was used to investigate and analyze the essence and types of intermolecular interaction in optimized complexes.

In this work, Dawson-type K 6 P 2 W 18 O 62 polyoxometalate salt (abbreviated as P 2 W 18 )was successfully encapsulated into mesoporous MIL-101(Cr) metal organic framework . The as-prepared P 2 W 18 @MIL-101(Cr) nanohybrid was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, EDX, SEM, zeta potential measurements and BET surface area. The results demonstrated the successful loading of K 6 P 2 W 18 O 62 (~36 wt.%) into porous MIL-101(Cr) framework . Compared with the pristine MIL-101(Cr), the encapsulated sample demonstrated a significant decrease in both surface area and pore volume owing to the insertion of large Dowson-type POM into the cages of MOF. The resulting P 2 W 18 @MIL-101(Cr) was applied as a new adsorbent to remove methylene blue (MB), Rhodamine B (RhB) and methyl orange (MO) organic dyes from aqueous solutions. The effect of effective parameters such as adsorbent dosage, dye concentration, pH, and the temperature was studied on the dye removal process. Furthermore, the selective adsorption of the nanohybrid was investigated towards MB/MO, MB/RhB, MO/RhB and MB/MO/RhB mixed dye solutions. The nanohybrid showed rapid and selective adsorption for cationic MB and RhB dyes from mixed dye solutions. The results indicated that the dye adsorption followed Langmuir isotherm. The thermodynamic data showed that the adsorption is an endothermic process. This nanohybrid can function as a recyclable efficien adsorbent for the rapid removal of various cationic textile dyes from aqueous solutions.

Two metal–organic frameworks based on zirconium with high stability were synthesized by the hydrothermal method. Zirconium salt, benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid, and benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid were used to produce Zr6O4(OH)4(BDC)6 and Zr6O4(OH)4(OAc)6(BTC)2 metal–organic frameworks, respectively. The potential of adsorption of Congo red by synthesized metal–organic frameworks was investigated. The results of X-ray diffractometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis methods state that the metal–organic frameworks have a high capacity to adsorb Congo red in a short time. Kinetic and isotherm data of Congo red were discussed using pseudo first- and second-order equations. The results show that adsorption follows the second-order kinetic model. The equilibrium adsorption data of Congo red on the synthesized samples were analyzed by Langmuir, Temkin, and Freundlich isotherm models, suggesting adsorption follows the Langmuir model and provides the maximum adsorption capacity of 340 and 870 mg g−1 for Zr6O4(OH)4(BDC)6 and Zr6O4(OH)4(OAc)6(BTC)2, respectively.

A novel magnetic cadmium titanate–copper ferrite (CdTiO3/CuFe2O4) nanocomposite, in which spherical CuFe2O4 nanoparticles were loaded onto the surface of CdTiO3 nanoplates, was successfully synthesized via a sol–gel hydrothermal route at 180 °C. The structure, morphology, magnetic and optical properties of the as-prepared nanocomposite were respectively characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of this novel CdTiO3-based magnetic nanocomposite was investigated for the degradation of organic dye pollutants such as methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (RhB), and methyl orange (MO) in the presence of H2O2 under visible light irradiation. The results showed that the photocatalyst completely degraded three dyes within 90–100 min. Compared with pure CdTiO3 and CuFe2O4, the heterogeneous CdTiO3/CuFe2O4 nanocomposite exhibited significantly enhanced photocatalytic efficiency. On the basis of the results of the OH trapping and photoluminescence (PL) experiments, the enhanced photocatalytic performance was mainly ascribed to the efficient separation of photo-induced electron–hole pairs and the formation of highly active hydroxyl radicals (OH) species in the CdTiO3/CuFe2O4 photocatalytic oxidation system. The PL measurements of the CdTiO3/CuFe2O4 nanocomposite also indicated an enhanced separation of photo-induced electron–hole pairs. Moreover, the nanocomposite could be easily separated and recycled from contaminant solution using a magnet without a decrease in their photocatalytic activity due to their good magnetic separation performance and excellent chemical stability. Based on these findings, CdTiO3/CuFe2O4 nanocomposite could be a promising visible-light-driven magnetic photocatalyst for converting solar energy to chemical energy for environmental remediation.

In this work, phosphotungstic acid (H3PW12O40, PW12) was supported successfully onto the surface of the silica-coated lanthanum cobaltite (LaCoO3@SiO2) and was characterized using different physicochemical techniques including FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TEM, EDX and AFM. Initially, single-phase perovskite-type LaCoO3 nanomaterial was synthesized via the decomposition of La[Co(CN)6]·5H2O precursor and then was coated with a SiO2 shell by the Stober method. The as-prepared LaCoO3@SiO2 was used as a support for immobilizing phosphotungstic acid. This novel LaCoO3@SiO2/PW12 nanomaterial was used as an adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) organic dyes from aqueous solutions. The results reveal that the newly synthesized hybrid nanomaterial displays enhanced adsorption ability for cationic MB dye compared to bare LaCoO3 nanomaterial, probably due to enhanced electrostatic attraction interactions. The effects of initial pH, initial concentration and temperature of MB solution on adsorption ability of LaCoO3@SiO2/PW12 were also investigated. The hybrid nanomaterial was separated and reused without any observable change in its efficiency. Thus, it could be a promising green adsorbent for removing organic pollutants in water.

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) have recently attracted significant interest in drug delivery systems (DDSs); nevertheless, their stability and colloidal stability under biological conditions remain an important challenge. Herein, a novel and straightforward method was developed to prepare phospholipid bilayer (PLB) coated ZIF-4. The obtained core/shell nanoparticles were comprehensively characterized by PXRD, TGA, DLS, TEM, AFM, and FT-IR analysis. The PLB-coated ZIF-4 had a particle size of ca. 120 nm and showed outstanding water dispersity and stability in phosphate buffer solution as well. TEM images demonstrated that the ZIF-4 particles were shielded by an ∼3 nm PLB ring. PXRD patterns and FT-IR analysis further confirmed that PLB was coated onto the surface of the ZIF-4 particles. Furthermore, the curcumin-loaded nanoparticles possess high drug entrapment efficiency (80.8%) and exhibited a pH-responsive drug release behavior. Based on the obtained results, the pH-sensitive DDS presents great potential for future effective drug delivery applications.

In this work, a novel ternary magnetic nanocomposite namely Ag/CuFe 2 O 4 /rGO was produced by a facile solvothermal route. The reduction of graphene oxide (GO) to reduced form (rGO) and the in-situ deposition of CuFe 2 O 4 and Ag nanoparticles on rGO occurred simultaneously in a one-pot reaction. The structure, composition and morphology of the as-prepared nanocomposite were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, VSM, FESEM, EDX, TEM, and BET analyses. The results indicated that the Ag and CuFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles were successfully loaded on the surface of rGO. The catalytic performance of the Ag/CuFe 2 O 4 /rGO nanocomposite was evaluated for the reduction of nitroarenes to corresponding amines in the presence of sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ) as a reducing agent. The nanocomposite exhibited the high performance in the reduction of the reduction of nitroarenes with 100% conversion within 10–30 min. The catalytic activity of the Ag/CuFe 2 O 4 /rGO was enhanced compared with Ag/CuFe 2 O 4 , Ag/rGO and CuFe 2 O 4 /rGO samples due to easier electron transfer process. Furthermore, the adsorption data revealed that cationic methylene blue (MB) dye could be removed almost completely on the Ag/CuFe 2 O 4 /rGO composite within 2 min and the composite could also selectively adsorb MB from the mixed solution with anionic methyl orange (MO). Due to the existence of magnetic CuFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles, the Ag/CuFe 2 O 4 /rGO nanocomposite can be magnetically separated and reused without any change in structure and performance.

The sonocatalytic activity of a novel magnetic CuFe2O4/MIL-101/Graphene (CMG) ternary nanocomposite was studied in the removal of some organic dyes (methylene blue, rhodamine B, and methyl orange) from water by using H2O2 as a green oxidant. The CMG nanocomposite was prepared at 200 °C, through a two-step hydrothermal route. The physicochemical properties of the synthesized nanocomposite were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, magnetic measurements, atomic force microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis and Raman microscopy. The excellent sonocatalytic activity of the CMG nanocomposite could be understood by the mechanisms of sonoluminescence and hot spots. The effects of operating parameters such as dye initial concentration, pH and catalyst dosage have also been investigated. Trapping experiments indicated that the sonodegradation of dyes was mainly achieved by hydroxyl radicals (•OH) attack in the CMG suspension. Benefiting from magnetic property of the CuFe2O4 nanoparticles, the CMG nanocomposite could be easily separated from the reaction mixture by a magnet and reused without any change in structure.

Ab initio MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ calculations have been carried out to study the effect of F − H···F hydrogen bonds on the As···X pnicogen bond in X…AsH2F…HF complexes (X = NR3, PR3 and OR2; R = C...

In this work, CoFe2O4 nanoparticles were prepared successfully under microwave irradiation (MW-CoFe2O4) using a heterometallic oxo-centered trinuclear [CoFe2O(CH3COO)6(H2O)3]·2H2O complex as precursor and compared with conventional thermal method (CT-CoFe2O4). The nanoparticles of MW-CoFe2O4 and CT-CoFe2O4 were characterized by physicochemical methods. The X-ray diffraction results revealed that both MW-CoFe2O4 and CT-CoFe2O4 nanoparticles adopt a cubic spinel structure. The SEM images of MW-CoFe2O4 and CT-CoFe2O4 show flower-like morphology with average diameter size 9 and 33 nm, respectively. The MW-CoFe2O4 as a sonocatalyst was used for degradation of methylene blue and Rhodamine-B with conversion percent of 98% and 90%, respectively, which is up to fifty percent more than what recorded for CT-CoFe2O4 activity. The higher catalytic activity of MW-CoFe2O4 is related to its smaller particle size and higher porosity compared to CT-CoFe2O4 nanoparticles. These magnetic sonocatalysts were easily separated from reaction mixture by a magnet and reused without significant loss of activity. Also, a plausible mechanism through hydroxyl radical path was postulated.

In this work, an inorganic-organic hybrid nanomaterial, P

In this study, for the first time, a novel magnetically recyclable MIL-101(Cr)/CoFe2O4 nanocomposite was prepared via a facile solvothermal method. The morphology, structural, magnetic and optical properties of the nanocomposite were characterized via field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-visible) and BET surface area analysis. Furthermore, the sonocatalytic activity of the MIL-101(Cr)-based magnetic nanocomposite was explored for the degradation of organic dye pollutants such as Rhodamine B (RhB) and methyl orange (MO) under ultrasound irradiation in the presence of H2O2. Under optimized conditions, the degradation efficiency reached 96% for RhB and 88% for MO. The sonocatalytic activity of MIL-101(Cr)/CoFe2O4 was almost 12 and 4 times higher than that of the raw MIL-101(Cr) and pure CoFe2O4, respectively. The improved sonocatalytic performance of the as-prepared binary nanocomposite can be attributed to the relatively high specific surface area of MIL-101(Cr) and magnetic property of CoFe2O4, as well as the fast generation and separation of charge carriers (electrons and holes) in MIL-101(Cr) and CoFe2O4. In addition, the trapping tests demonstrated that ·OH radicals are the main active species in the dye degradation process. Moreover, the most influencing factors on the sonocatalytic activity such as the H2O2 amount, initial dye concentration and catalyst dosage were investigated. Finally, the nanocomposite was magnetically separated and reused without any observable change in its structure and performance even after four consecutive runs.

In this study, the MIL-101(Cr) metal-organic framework was functionalized with a Dowson-type polyoxometalate (P

In this research, a novel magnetic sonocatalyst nanocomposite, CoFe

Using the heterometallic oxo-centered trinuclear [ZnFe2O(CH3COO)6(H2O)3]·2H2O complex as a novel precursor, pure and single-phase ZnFe2O4 nanostructure was prepared under microwave irradiation [abbreviated as ZnFe2O4 (MW)] within a very short time of 10 min. Also, ZnFe2O4 nanostructure [abbreviated as ZnFe2O4 (CT)] was produced by the conventional thermal method of this precursor. The characteristics of ZnFe2O4 nanostructures were compared by XRD, SEM, EDS, FT-IR, VSM, DRS and UV–Vis spectroscopy. Both samples revealed a cubic spinel structure with nanosheet morphology and average particle sizes of 40 and 47 nm, respectively. The ZnFe2O4 (MW) nanostructure were used as a novel sonocatalyst for the degradation of methylene blue and rhodamine B with conversions of 95% and 91%, which is up to 40% more than ZnFe2O4 (CT) activity. The higher sonocatalytic activity of ZnFe2O4 (MW) is relevant to its higher porosity and smaller particle size. The trapping experiment results confirmed that the ultrasound assisted catalytic degradation proceeds mainly through ·OH radicals. Further, the ZnFe2O4 sonocatalyst was easily separated by a magnet and reused without significant loss of activity.