279 results on '"Sadzot, B"'
Search Results
2. In Vivo Incorporation of Labelled Methionine into Proteins in Brain Tumors
- Author
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Planas, A. M., Kaschten, B., Sadzot, B., Stevenaert, A., Digiamberardino, L., Comar, D., Cox, Peter H., editor, Mazoyer, B. M., editor, Heiss, W. D., editor, and Comar, D., editor
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. 11C-methionine Uptake in Brain Tumors Measured by PET: Early Clinical Results
- Author
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Sadzot, B., Kaschten, B., Delfiore, G., Peters, J. M., Stevenaert, A., Franck, G., Comar, D., Cox, Peter H., editor, Mazoyer, B. M., editor, Heiss, W. D., editor, and Comar, D., editor
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Quantitative Analysis of 18/FDG-PET in the Presurgical Evaluation of Patients Suffering from Refractory Partial Epilepsy : Comparison with CT, MRI, and Combined Subdural and Depth. EEG
- Author
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Debets, R. M. Chr., van Veelen, C. W. M., Maquet, P., van Huffelen, A. C., van Emde Boas, W., Sadzot, B., Overweg, J., Velis, D. N., Dive, D., Franck, G., Pickard, John D., editor, Maira, Giulio, editor, Polkey, Charles E., editor, and Trojanowski, Tomasz, editor
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Évaluation du pronostic neurologique dans les encéphalopathies postanoxiques
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Boveroux, P., Kirsch, M., Boly, M., Massion, P., Sadzot, B., Lambermont, B., Lancellotti, P., Piret, S., Damas, P., Damas, F., Moonen, G., Laureys, S., and Ledoux, D.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Expression pattern of synaptic vesicle protein 2 (SV2) isoforms in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis
- Author
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Crèvecœur, J., Kaminski, R. M., Rogister, B., Foerch, P., Vandenplas, C., Neveux, M., Mazzuferi, M., Kroonen, J., Poulet, C., Martin, D., Sadzot, B., Rikir, E., Klitgaard, H., Moonen, G., and Deprez, M.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Zerebrale Funktionen bei hirngeschädigten Patienten: Was bedeuten Koma, „vegetative state“, „minimally conscious state“, Locked-in-Syndrom“ und Hirntod?
- Author
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Faymonville, M.-E., Pantke, K.-H., Berré, J., Sadzot, B., Ferring, M., de Tiège, X., Mavroudakis, N., van Bogaert, P., Lambermont, B., Damas, P., Franck, G., Lamy, M., Luxen, A., Moonen, G., Goldman, S., Maquet, P., and Laureys, S.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Efficacy and safety of levetiracetam in clinical practice: Results of the SKATE™ trial from Belgium and The Netherlands
- Author
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Lambrechts, D.A.J.E., Sadzot, B., van Paesschen, W., van Leusden, J.A., Carpay, J., Bourgeois, P., Urbain, E., and Boon, P.A.J.M.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Familial Kufs' disease presenting as a progressive myoclonic epilepsy
- Author
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Sadzot, B., Reznik, M., Arrese-Estrada, J.E., and Franck, G.
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- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Myasthenia gravis without chronic GVHD after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation
- Author
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Baron, F, Sadzot, B, Wang, F, and Beguin, Y
- Published
- 1998
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- View/download PDF
11. Opinion of Belgian neurologists on antiepileptic drug treatment in 2006: Belgian study on epilepsy treatment (BESET-2)
- Author
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Legros, B., Boon, P., De Jonghe, P., Sadzot, B., Van Rijckevorsel, K., and Schmedding, E.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Opinion of Belgian neurologists on antiepileptic drugs: Belgian Study on Epilepsy Treatment (BESET)
- Author
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Legros, B., Boon, P., Dejonghe, P., Sadzot, B., Van Rijckevorsel, K., and Schmedding, E.
- Published
- 2007
13. Levetiracetam in a broad population of patients with refractory epilepsy: interim results of the international SKATE trial
- Author
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Genton, P., Sadzot, B., Fejerman, N., Peltola, J., Despland, P.-A., Steinhoff, B., Rektor, I., Wroe, S., Maubrey, M.-C., Vandervelden, C., van Hammée, G., Schlit, A.-F., and van Paesschen, W.
- Published
- 2006
14. Fourth meeting of the European Neurological Society 25–29 June 1994 Barcelona, Spain: Abstracts of Symposia and free communications
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Harms, L., Bock, A., JÄnisch, W., Valdueza, J., Weber, J., Link, I., De Keyser, J., Goossens, A., Wilczak, N., Vedeler, C., Bjorge, L., Uvestad, E., Conti, G., Williams, K., Ginsberg, L., Rafique, S., Rapoport, S. I., Gershfeld, N. L., De La Meilleure, G., Crevits, L., Faiss, J. H., Heye, N., Blanke, J., Sackmann, A., Kastrup, O., Doornbos, R., van der Worp, H. B., Kappelle, L. J., Bar, P. R., Davie, C. A., Barker, G. J., Brenton, D., Miller, D. H., Thompson, A. J., Block, F., Schwarz, M., Delodovici, L., Baruzzi, F., Bonaldi, G., Dario, A., Marra, A., Mercuri, A., Dworzak, F., Cavallari, P., Confalonieri, P., Zuffi, M., Antozzi, C., Cornelio, F., Baldissera, F., Chassande, B., Ameri, A., Eymard, B., Poisson, M., Vérier, A., Brunet, P., Congia, S., Murgia, P. L., Cannas, A., Borghero, G., Uselli, S., Mellino, G., Ferrai, R., Lampis, R., Massa, R., Muzzetto, B., Giannini, F., Rossi, S., Cioni, R., d'Aniello, C., Guarneri, A., Battistini, N., Ceriani, F., Del Santo, A., Poloni, M., Campo, J. F., Iglesias, F., Guitera, M. V., Farinas, C., Pascual, J., Leno, C., Berciano, J., Thorpe, I. W., Kendall, B. E., McDonald, W. I., Moulignier, A., Dromer, F., Baudrimont, M., Dupont, B., Gozlan, J., El Amrani, M., Petit, J. C., Roullet, E., Sterzi, R., Causaran, R., Protti, A., Riva, M., Erminio, F., Arena, O., Villa, F., Maccagnano, E., Miletta, M., Spinelli, F., Ben-Hur, T., Weidenfeldl, J., Rao, N. S., Chari, C. C., Laforet, P., Matheron, S., Adams, D., Chemouilli, Ph., Desi, M., Said, G., Davous, P., Lionnet, F., Pulik, M., Genet, P., Rozenberg, F., Cartier, L. M., Castillo, J. L., Cea, J. G., Villagra, R., de Saint Martin, L., Mahieux, F., Manifacier, M. J., Mattos, K., Queiros, C., Publio, L., Vinhas, V., PeÇanha-Martins, A. C., Melo, A., Liska, U., Zifko, U., Budka, H., Drlicek, M., Grisold, W., Kaufmann, R., Kaiser, R., Czygan, M., Gomes, I., Jones, N., Cunha, S., EmbiruÇu, E. Katiane, Vieira, V., Araujo, I., Alexandra, M., Ferreira, A., Goes, J., Chemouilli, P., Israel-Biet, Masson, H., Lacroix, C., Gasnault, J., Hildebrandt-Müller, B., Oschmann, P., Krack, P., Willems, W. R., Dorndorf, W., Freitas, V., Bittencourt, A., Fernandes, D., Nascimento, M. H., Severo, M., Moraes, D., Muller, M., Hasert, K., Merkelbach, S., Schimrigk, K., van Oosten, B. W., Lai, M., Polman, C. H., Bertelsmann, F. W., Hodgkinson, S., Cabre, P. H., Volpe, L., Smadja, D., Vernant, J. P., Villaroya, H., Violleau, K., Younes-Chennoufi, A. Ben, Baumann, N., Villanueva-Hemandez, P., Ballabriga, J., Basart, E., Arbizu, T. X., Perez-Serra, J., Vinuels, F., Giron, J. M., Castilla, J. M., Redondo, L., Izquierdo, G., Lauer, K., Henneberg, A., Bittmann, N., Link, D., Wollinsky, K. H., Mobner, R., Fassbender, K., Kuhnen, J., Schwartz, A., Hennerici, M., Miller, A., Lider, O., Abramsky, O., Weiner, H. L., Offner, H., Vanderbark, A. A., Paoino, E., Fainardi, E., Addonizio, M. C., Ruppi, P., Tola, M. R., Granieri, E., Carreras, M., Sazdovitch, V., Joutel, A., Verdier-taillefer, M. H., Heinzlef, O., Radder, C., Tournier-Lasserve, E., Brenner, R. E., Munro, P. M. G., Williams, S. C. R., Bell, J. D., Hawkins, C. P., Filippi, M., Campi, A., Dousset, V., Canal, N., Comi, G., Zhu, J., Weber, F., Retska, R., List, J., Zhang, L., Brock, M., Taphoorn, M. J. B., Heimans, J. J., van der Veen, E. A., Karim, A. B. M. F., Sarazin, M., Argentino, N., Delattre, J. Y., Derkinderen, P., Buchwald, B., Schroter, G., Serve, G., Franke, C. H., Conrad, B., Kitchen, N. D., Thomas, D. G. T., Forman, A. D., Ang, Kie- Kian, Price, R., Stephens, C., Salmaggi, A., Nermni, R., Silvani, A., Forno, M. G., Luksch, R., Boiardi, A., Grzelec, H., Fryze, C., Nowacki, P., Zdziarska, B., Sanson, M., Merel, P., Richard, S., Rouleau, G., Thomas, G., Olsen, N. K., Pfeiffer, P., Egund, N., Bentzen, S. M., Johannesen, L., Mondrup, K., Rose, C., Zyluk, B., Wondrusch, E., Berger, O., Fast, N., Jellinger, K., Lindner, K., Urman, A., Thibault, J. L., Duyckaerts, Ch., Strik, H., Muller, B., Richter, E., Krauseneck, P., Steinbrecher, A., Schabet, M., Hess, C., Bamberg, M., Dichgans, J., Counsell, C. E., McLeod, M., Grant, R., Creel, G. B., Claus, D., Sieber, E., Engelhardt, A., Rechlin, T., Thierauf, P., Neubauer, U., Peresson, M., Di Giovacchino, G., Romani, G. L., Di Silverio, F., Danek, A., Kuffner, M., Hoermann, R., Schopohl, J., Laska, M., Heye, B., Zangaladze, A. T., Valls-SoIè, J., Cammarota, A., Alvarez, R., Tolosa, E., Hallett, M., Ulbricht, D., Ganslandt, O., Kober, H., Vieth, J., Grummich, P., Pongratz, H., Brigel, C., Fahlbusch, R., Serra, F. P., Palma, V., Nolfe, G., Buscaino, G. A., Rothstein, T. L., Gibson J. M., Morrison P. M., Collins A. D., Eiselt, M., Wagnur, H., Zwiener, U., Schindler, T., Efendi, H., Ertekin, C., Erfas, M., Larsson, L. E., Sirin, H., AraÇ, N., Toygar, A., Demir, Y., Seddigh, S., Vogt, T. H., Hundemer, H., Visbeck, A., Pastena, L., Faralli, F., Mainardi, G., Gagliardi, R., Linden, D., Berlit, P., Lopez, O. L., Becker, J. T., Jungreis, C., Brenner, R., Rezek, D., Dekesky, S. T., Estol, C., Boller, F., Fernandez, J. M., Mederer, S., Batlle, J., Turon, A., Codina, A., Hitzenberger, P., Vila, N., Valls-SolÇ, J., Chamorro, A., Pouget, J., Schmied, A., Morin, D., Azulay, J. Ph., Vedel, J. P., Montalt, J., Escudero, J., Barona, R., Campos, A., Varli, K., Ertem, E., Uludag, B., Yagiz, A., Privorkin, Z., Steinvil, Y., Kott, E., Combarros, O., Sanchez-Pernaute, R., Orizaola, P., Mokrusch, Th., Kutluaye, E., Selcuki, D., Ertikin, C., Zettl, U., Gold, R., Harvey, G. K., Hartung, H. P., Toyka, K. V., Wokke, J. H. J., Oey, P. L., Ippel, P. F., Jansen, G. H., Franssen, H., Toyooka, K., Fujimura, H., Ueno, S., Yoshikawa, H., Yorifuji, S., Yanagihara, T., Talamon, C., Tzourio, C., Kiefer, R., Jung, S., Toyka, K., Ruolt, I., Tranchant, C., Mohr, M., Warter, J. M., Younger, D. S., Rosoklija, G., Hays, A. P., Kurita, R., Hasegawa, O., Matsumto, M., Komiyama, A., Nara, Y., Oueslati, S., Belal, S., Turki, I., Ben Hamida, C., Hentati, F., Ben Hamida, M., Kwiecinski, H., Krolicki, L., Domzal-Stryga, A., Dellemijn, P. L. I., van Deventer, P., van Moll, B., Drogendijk, T., Vecht, Ch. J., Nemni S., Amadio, Fazio, R., Galardin, G., Delodovici, M. L., Peghi, E., Monticelli, M. L., Sessa, A., Viguera, M. L., Palomar, M., Gamez, J., Cervera, C., Navarro, C., Serena, J., Duran, I., Fernandez, A. L., Comabella, M., Nos, C., Rio, J., Montalban, J., Navarro, X., Verdu, E., Darbra, S., Buti, M., Mrabet, A., Fredj, M., Gouider, R., Tounsi, H., Khalfallah, N., Haddad, A., Dbaiss, T., Ghnassia, R., Rouillet, E., Chedru, F., Porsche, H., Strenge, H., Li, S. W., Young, Y. P., Garcia, A. A., Baron, P., Scarpini, E., Bianchi, R., Conti, A., Livraghi, S., Rees, J. H., Gregson, N. A., Hughes, R. A. C., Sedano, M. J., Calleja, J., Canga, E., Bahou, Y., Biary, N., Al Deeb, S. M., Guern, E. L. E., Gugenheim, M., Tardieu, S., Aisonobe, T. M., Agid, Y., Bouche, P., Brice, A., Rautenstrauss, B., Nelis, E., Grehl, H., Van Broeckhoven, C., Pfeiffer, R. A., Liehr, T., Ganzmann, E., Gehring, C., Neundörfer, B., Geremia, L., Doronzo, R., Sacilotto, G., Sergi, P., Pastorino, G. C., Scarlato, G., Planté-Bordeneuve, V., Mantel, A., Baas, F., Moser, H., Antonini, A., Psylla, M., Günther, I., Vontobell, P., Beer, H. F., Leenders, K. L., Chaudhuri, K. Ray, Parker, J., Pye, I. F., Millac, P. A. H., Abbott, R. J., Sutter, M., Albani, C., de Rijk, M. C., Breteler, M. M. B., Graveland, G. A., van der Mechè, F. G. A., Hofman, A., Keipes, M., Hilger, Ch., Diederich, N., Metz, H., Hentges, F., Pollak, P., Benabid, A. L., Limousin, P., Hoffmann, D., Benazzouz, A., Perret, J., Laihinen, A., Rinne, J. O., Ruottinen, H., Nagren, K., Lehikoinen, P., Oikonen, V., Ruotsalainen, U., Rinne, U. K., Cocozza, S., Pizzuti, A., Cavalcanti, F., Monticelli, A., Pianese, L., Redolfi, E., Paiau, F., Di Donato, S., Pandolfo, M., Palau, F., Monros, E., De Michele, G., Smeyers, P., Lopez-ArLandis, J., Uilchez, J., Filla, A., Genis, D., Matilla, T., Volpini, V., Blanchs, M. I., Davalos, A., Molins, A., Rosell, J., Estivill, X., De Jonghe, P., Smeyers, G., Krols, L., Mercelis, R., Hazan, J., Weissenbach, J., Martin, J. J., Warner, T. A. T., Williams, L., Orb, A. S., Harding, A. E., Giunti, P., Sweeney, M. G., Spadaro, M., Jodice, C., Novelletto, A., Malaspina, P., Frontali, M., Salmon, E., Gregoire, Del Fiore, Comar, Franck, G., Scheltens, P. H., Siegfried, K., Dartigues, E., De Deyn, P., Horn, R., Nelson, I., Hanna, M. G., Morgan-Hughes, J. A., Collinge, J., Palmer, M. S., Campbell, T., Mahal, S., Sidle, K., Humphreys, C., Tavitian, B., Pappata, S., Jobert, A., Crouzel, A. M., DiGiamberardino, L., Steimetz, G., Barbanti, P., Fabbrini, G., Salvatore, M., Buzzi, M. G., Di Piero, V., Petraroli, R., Sbriccoli, A., Pocchiari, M., Macchi, G., Lenzi, G. L., Spiegel, R., Maguire, P., Schmid, W., Ott, A., Bots, M. L., Grobbe, D. E., Hofman, A., Howard, R. S., Russell, S., Losseff, N., Hirsch, N. P., Couderc, R., Bailleul, S., Nargeot, M. C., Touchon, J., Picot, M. C., Rizzo, M., Watson, G., McGehee, D., Dingus, T., Kappos, L., Radü, E. W., Haas, J., Hartard, C. H., Spuler, S., Yousry, T., Voltz, R., Scheller, A., Holler, E., Hohlfeld, R., Scolding, N. J., Sussman, J., Kolar, O. J., Farlow, M. R., Rice, P. H., Zipp, F., Sotgiu, S., Weiss, E. H., Wekerle, H., Chalmers, R., Robertson, N., Compston, D. A. S., Martino, G., Clementi, E., Brambilla, E., Moiola, L., Martinelli, V., Colombo, B., Poggi, A., Rovaris, M., Grimaldi, L. M. E., Roth, M. P., Descoins, P., Ballivet, S., Ruidavets, J. B., Waubant, E., Nogueira, L., Cambon-Thomsen, A., Clanet, M., Leppert, D., Hauser, S., Lugaresi, A., Tartaro, A., D'aurelio, P., Befalo, L. L. O., Thomas, A., Malatesta, G., Gambi, D., Benedikz, J. E. G., Magnusson, H., Poser, C. M., Guomundsson, G., Bates, T. E., Davies, S. E. C., Clark, J. B., Landon, D. N., ùther, J. R., Rautenberg, W., Overgaard, K., Sereghy, T., Pedersen, H., Boysen, G., Diez-Tejedor, E., Carceller, F., Gutierrez, M., Lopez-Pajares, R., Roda, J. M., Chandra, B., Ricart, W., Gonzalez-Huix, F., Molina, A., Rundek, T., Demarin, V., De Reuck, J., Boon, P., Decoq, D., Strijckmans, K., Goethals, P., Lemahieu, I., Nibbio, A., Chabriat, H., Vahedi, K., Nagy, T., Verin, M., Mas, J. L., Julien, J., Ducrocq, X., Iba-Zizen, M. T., Cabanis, E. A., Bousser, M. G., Rolland, Y., Landgraf, F., Bompais, B., Lemaitre, M. H., Edan, G., Vorstrup, S., Knudsen, L., Olsen, K. Skovgaard, Videbaek, C., Schroeder, T., van Gijn, J., Jansen, H. M. L., Pruim, J., Paans, A. M. J., Willemsen, A. T. M., Hew, J. M., vd Vliet, A. M., Haaxma, R., Vaalburg, W., Minderhoud, J. M., Korf, J., Soudain, S. E., Ho, T. W., Mishu, B., Li, C. Y., Nachainkin, I., Gao, C. Y., Cornblath, D. R., Griffin, J. W., Asbury, A. K., Blaser, M. J., McKhann, G. M., Ho, T., Macko, C., Xue, P., Stadlan, E. M., Ramos-Alvarez, M., Valenciano, L., Visser, L. H., van der Meché, F. G. A., van Darn, P. A., Meulstee, J., Schmitz, P. I. M., Jacobs, B., Oomes, P. G., Kleyweg, R. P., Jacobs, B. C., Endtz, H. P., van Doorn, P. A., van der Mech, F. G. A., Van den Berg, L. H., Mollee, I., Logtenberg, T., Thomas, P. K., Plant, G., Baxter, P. J., Luis, R. Santiago, Matsumoto, M., Notermans, N. C., Wokke, J. H. J., Lokhorst, H. M., van der Graaf, Y., Jennekens, F. G. I., Azulay, J. P., Bille-Turg, F., Valentin, P., Farnarier, G. G., Pellissier, J. F., Serratrice, G., Quasthoff, S., Schneider, U., Grafe, P., Hilkens, P. H. E., Moll, J. W. B., van der Burg, M. E. L., Planting, A. S. T., van Putten, W. L. J., van den Bent, M. J., Birklein, F., Spitzer, A., Lang, E., Neundorfer, B., Diehl, R. R., Lücke, D., Smith, G. D. P., Mathias, C. J., Serra, J., Campera, M., Ochoa, J. L., Ray Chaudhuri, K., Pavitt, D., Alam, M., Handwerker, H. O., Bleasdale-Barr, K., Smith, G., Murray, N. M. F., Hawkins, P., Pepys, M., Gellera, C., DiDonato, S., Taroni, F., Uncini, A., Di Muzio, A., Servidei, S., Silvestri, G., Lodi, R., Iotti, S., Barbiroli, B., Morrissey, S. P., Borruat, F. X., Francis, D., Mosely, I., Hansen, H. C., Helmke, K., Kunze, K., Sadzot, B., Maquet, P., Lemaire, Plenevaux, Damhaut, Sommer, C., Myers, R. R., Berta, E., Mantegazza, R., Argov, Z., Shapira, Y., Wirguin, I., Beuuer, J., Franke, C., Roberts, M., Willison, H., Vincent, A., Newsom-Davis, J., Morrison, K. E., Damels, R., Francis, M., Campbell, L., Davies, K. E., Kohler, W., Bucka, C., Hertel, G., Kanovsky, P., Auer, D., Ackermann, H., Klose, U., Naegele, Th., Bien, S., Voigt, K., Fink, G. R., Stephan, K. M., Wise, R. J. S., Mullatti, N., Hewer, L., Frackowiak, R. S. J., Weiller, C. S., Rijnites, M., Jueptner, M., Bauermann, T., Krams, M., Diener, H. C., van Walderveen, M. A. A., Barkhof, F., Hommes, O. R., Valk, J., Willmer, J. P., Guzman, D. A., Passingham, R. E., Silbersweig, D., Ceballos-Baumann, A., Frith, C. D., Frackowiak, R., Lucas, C. H., Goullard, L., Marchau, M. J., Godefroy, O., Rondepierre, P. H., Chamas, E., Mounier-Vehier, F., Leys, D., Renato, J., Verdugo, M. S. C., Campero, M., Jose, L., Ochoa, D. S. C., Vivancos, F., Tejedor, E. Diez, Martinez, N., Roda, J., Frank, A., Barreiro, P., Satoh, Y., Nagata, K., Maeda, T., Hirata, Y., YalÇinerner, B., Ozkara, C., Ozer, F., Ozer, S., Hanoglu, L., Zunker, P., Pozo, J. L., Oberwittler, C., Schick, A., Buschmann, H. -Ch., Ringelstein, E. Bernd, Lara, M., Anzola, G. P., Magoni, M., Volta, G. Dalla, Tarasov, A., Feigin, V., Beaudry, M. G., Carrier, S., Chicoutimi, Henriques, I. L., Bogoussslavsky, J., van Melle, G., Mathieu, J., Perusse, L., Allard, P., Prevost, C., Cantin, L., Bouchard, J. M., De Braekeleer, M., Agbo, C., Neau, J. P., Tantot, A. M., Dary-Auriol, M., Ingrand, P., Gil, R., Baltadjiev, D., Zekin, D., Sabey, K., Gennaula, C. P., Pope, B. A., Caparros-Lefebvre, D., Girard-Buttaz, I., Pruvo, J. P., Petit, H., Hipola, D., Martin, M., Giménez-Roldan, S., Ivanez, V., Japaridze, G., Carrasco, J. L., Picomell, I., Herranz, J. L., Macias, J. A., Nieto, M., Noya, M., Oller, L., Kiteva-Trencevska, G., Delgado, M. R., Liu, H., Luengo, A., Parra, J., Colas, J., Fernandez, M. J., Manzanares, R., Kornhuber, M. E., Malashkhia, V., Orkodashili, G., Martinez, M., Bonaventura, I., Porta, G., Martinez, I., Fernandez, A., Aguilar, M., Masnou, P., Drouet, A., Dreyfus, M., Cartron, J., Morel-Kopp, M. C., Tchernia, G., Kaplan, C., Lammers, M. W., Hekster, Y. A., Keyser, A., Meinardi, H., Renier, W. O., Boon, P. A. J. M., Have, M. D., Kint, B., Cruz, P., Cadilha, A., Almeida, R., Goncalves, M., Pimenta, M., Ramos, L. M. P., Polder, T. W., Broere, C. A., Polman, L., Rother, I., Rother, M., Schlaug, G., Arnold, S., Holthausen, H., Wunderlich, G., Ebner, A., Luders, H., Witte, O. W., Seitz, R. J., Serra, L. L., Gallicchio, B., Rotondi, F., Wieshmann, U., Meierkord, H., Sabev, K., Di Carlo, V., Gueguen, B., Derouesné, Ch., Ancri, D., Bourdel, M. C., Guillou, S., Aliaga, R., Chornet, M. A., Rodrigo, A., Pascual, A. Pascual -Leone, Catala, M. D., Pascual-Leone, A., Benbadis, S. R., Dinner, D. S., Chelune, G. J., Lüders, H. O., Piedmonte, M. R., Blanco, T., Lopez, M. P., Romero, B., Deltoro, A., Pascual, A., Pascual, Leone, Bolgert, F., Josse, M. O., Tassan, P., Touze, E., Laplane, D., Godenberg, F., Brizioli, E., Del Gobbo, M., Pelliccioni, G., Scarpino, O., Durak, H., Damlacik, G., Tunca, Z., Fidaner, H., Yurekli, Y., Yemez, B., Kaygisiz, A., Anllo, E. A., Esperet, E., Giovagnoli, A. R., Casazza, M., Spreafico, R., Avanzini, G., Mascheroni, S., Vecchio, I., Tornali, C., Antonuzzo, A., Grasso, A. A., Bella, R., Pennisi, G., Raffaele, R., Broeckx, J., Schildermans, F., Hospers, W., Deberdt, W., Carney, J. M., Aksenova, M., Chen, M. S., Juncadella, M., Busquets, N., De la Fuente, I., Rodriguez, A., Rubio, F., Soler, R., Khati, C., Pillon, B., Deweer, B., Malapani, C., Malichard, N., Dubois, B., Rancurel, G., Lopez, D. L., Jungreia, G., DeKosky, S. T., Boiler, F., Weiller, C., Rijntjes, M., Mueller, S. P., Maguire, E. A., Burke, E. T., Staunton, H., Phillips, J., Rousseaux, M., Pena, J., Bertran, I., Santacruz, P., Lopez, R., Catafau, A., Lomena, F., Blesa, R., Rampello, L., Nicoletti, A., Cabaret, M., Lesoin, F., Steinling, M., Tournev, I., Maier-Hauff, K., Schroeder, M., Wolf, A., Cochin, J. P., Noel, I., Augustin, P., Auzou, P., Hannequin, D., Maria, V., Lopez-Bresnahan, Danielle, D. M., Antin-Ozerkis B. A., Bartels, E., Rodiek, S. O., Flugel, K. A., Campos, D. M., Salas-Puig, J., Del Rio, J. Sanhez, Vidal, J. A., Lahoz, C. H., Eraksoy, M., Barlas, O., Barlas, M., Bayindir, C., Ozcan, H., Birbamer, G., Gerstenbrand, F., Felber, S., Luz, G., Aichner, F., Seidel, G., Kaps, M., Hutzelmann, A., Gerriets, T., Kruggel, F., Martin, P. J., Gaunt, M. E., Abbot, R. J., Naylor, A. R., Meary, E., Dilouya, A., Meder, J. F., De Recondo, J., Lebtahi, R., Neff, K. W., Meairs, S., Viola, S., Matta, E., Aquilone, L., Rise, I. R., Authier, F. J., Kondo, H., Ghnassia, R. T., Degos, J. D., Gherardi, R. K., Bardoni A., Ciafaloni E., Comi G. P., Bresolin N., Robotti M., Moggio M., Rigoletto C., Roses A., Scarlato G., Castelli, E., Turconi, A., Bresolin, N., Perani, D., Felisari, G., Chariot, P., de Pinieux, G., Astier, A., Jacotot, B., Gherardi, R., Fischer-Gagnepain, V., Louboutin, J. P., Crespo, F., Florea-Strat, A., Fromont, G., Sabourin, J. -C., Gonano, E. -F., Moroni, I., Prelle, A., Iannaccone, S., Quattrini, A., deRino, F., Sessa, M., Golzi, V., Smirne, S., Nemni, R., Turpin, J. C., Lucotte, G., Jacobs, S. C. J. M., Willems, P. W. A., Bootsma, A. L., Lasa, A., Calaf, M., Baiget, M., Gallano, B., Fichter-Gagnepain, V., Mazzucchelli, F., D'Angelo, M. G., Velicogna, M., Bet, L., Comi, G. P., Bordoni, A., Gonano, E. F., Bazzi, P., Rapuzzi, S., Moggio, M., Fagiolari, G., Ciscato, P., Messina, A., Battistel, A., Ryniewicz, B., Sangla, I., Desnuelle, C., Paquis, V., Cozzone, P. J., Bendahan, D., Sturenburg, H. J., Kohncke, G., Castellli, E., Linssen, W., Stegeman, D., Binkhorst, R., Notermans, S., Jaspert, A., Fahsold, R., de Munain, A. Lopez, Cobo, A., Martorell, L., Poza, J. J., Navarrete Palau, D., Emparanza, J. I., Sanchez-Roy, R., Vilchez, J. J., Hernandez, M., Tena, J. Garcia, Perla, C., Koutroumanidis, M., Papathanasopoulos, P., Papadimitriou, A., Papapetropoulos, T. H., Divari, R., Hadjigeorgiou, G. M., Anastasopoulos, I., Sansone, V., Rotondo, G., Meola, G., Rigoletto, C., Messina, S., Szwabowska-Orzeszko, E., Jozwiak, S., Michalowicz, R., Szaplyko, W., Petrella, M. A., Della Marca, G., Masullo, G., Mennuni, G. F., Kompf, D., Wascher, E., Verleger, R., Kaido, M., Soga, F., Toyooka, H., Bayon, C., Rubio, J., Carlomagno, S., Parlato, V., Santoro, A., Lavarone, A., Bonavita, V., Pentore, R., Venneri, A., Pasquier, F., Lebert, F., Grymonprez, L., Lefebvre, C., Van der Linden, M., Derouesné, C., Renault, B., Lacomblez, L., Homeyer, P., Ouss, L., Neuman, E., Malbezin, M., Barrandon, S., Guez, D., Stevens, M., van Swieten, J. C., Franke, C. L., Sanchez, A., Castellvirel, S., Mila, M., Jimenez, D., Pallesta, F., Ruiz, P. J. Garcia, Barrio, A., Barroso, T., Benitez, J., de Yebenes, J. Garcia, Manubens, J. M., Martinez-Lage, J. M., Larumbe, R., Muruzabal, J., Lacruz, F., Quesada, Pedro, Gallego, J., Ferini-Strambi, L., Marcone, A., Garancini, P., Tedesi, B., Jacob, B., Rozewicz, L., Langdon, D., Davie, C., Ron, M., Thompson, A., Koepp, M. J., Hansen, M. L., Guldin, B., Pressler, R. M., Ried, S., Scholz, C., Monaco, F., Gianelli, M., Schiavalla, M. P., Naldi, P., Cantello, R., Torta, R., Verze, L., Mutani, R., Knott, H., Ferbert, A., Schulze-Bonhage, A., Aust, W., Di Mascio, R., Marchioli, R., Vitullo, F., Di Pasquale, A., Sciulli, L., Kramer, V., Tognoni, G., Santacruz, P., Lopez, R., Marti, M. J., Charques, I., Catafau, A., Lomeila, F., Peila, J., Bertran, I., Blesa, R., Krendel, D. A., Costiga, D. A., Koeppen, S., Korn, W. M., Brugge, S., Schmitz, D., Scheulen, M. E., King, R. H. M., Robertson, A. M., Thomas, P. K., Kerkhofs, A., Vermersch, P., Dereeper, O., Daems Monpeun, C., Parent, M., Deplanque, D., Petit, H., Campero, M., Serra, J., Ochoa, J. L., Martinez-Matos, J. A., Montero, J., Olivé, M., Rene, R., Vidaller, A., Gugenheim, M., Gouider, R., Le Guern, E., Brice, A., Agid, Y., Bouche, P., Grisold, W., Ziflo, U., Drlicek, M., Budka, H., Jellinger, K., Zielinski, C. H., Ginsberg, L., King, R. H. M., Workman, J., Platts, A. D., Thomas, P. K., Gherardi, R. K., Florea-Strat, A., Poron, F., Sabourin, J. -C., Fazio, R., Nemni, R., Franceschi, M., Lorenzetti, I., Rinaldi, L., Canal, N., Weilbach, F. X., Sennlaub, A., Jung, S., Gold, R., Toyka, K. V., Hartung, H. P., Giegerich, G., Ellie, E., Vital, A., Steck, A. J., Vital, C., Julien, J., Doneda, P., Pizzul, S., Scarpini, E., Chiodi, P., Ramacci, M. T., Livraghi, S., Maimone, D., Annunziata, P., Salvadori, C., Guazzi, G. C., Arne-Bes, M. C., Delisle, M. B., Fabre, N., Hurtevent, J. F., Bes, A., Baudoin-Martin, D., Laborde, E., Viallet, F., Creisson, C., Crespi, V., Bogliun, G., Marzorati, L., Zincone, A., D'Angelo, L., Liberani, A., Merlini, M., Rivolta, R., Creange, A., Sabourin, J. -C., Theodorou, I., Gherardi, R. K., Conti, A. M., Malosio, M. L., Baron, P. L., Scarlato, G., Chorao, R., Rosas, M. J., Leite, I., Callea, L., Donati, E., Bargnani, C., Bud, M., Verdu, E., Navarro, X., Braun, S., Einius, S., Poindron, P., Warier, J. M., Bradley, J., Bekkelund, S. I., Torbergsen, T., Mellgren, S. I., Carlomagno, S., Parlato, V., Santoro, A., Lavarone, A., Boller, F., Bonavita, V., Engelhardt, A., Lörler, H., Robeck, S., Kluglein, C., Comi, G., Avoledo, V., Locatelli, T., Leocani, L., Galardi, G., Magnani, G., Medaglini, S., Chkhikvishvili, T. S., Zangaladze, A., Bratoeva, M., Kovachev, P., Chavdarov, D., Artemis, N., Karacostas, D., Milonas, I., Arpa, J., Lopez-Pajares, R., Cruz-Matinez, A., Sarria, J., Palomo, F., Alonso, M., Rodriguez-Al-barino, A., Lacasa, T., Nos, J., Barreiro, P., Martinez, A. Cruz, Villoslada, C., Alons, M., Taghavy, A., Hamer, H., Kratzer, A., Dethy, S., Pauwels, T., Monclus, M., Luxen, A., Goldman, S., Ziegler, M., Crambes, O., Ragueneau, I., Arnaud, F., Zappia, M., Montesanti, R., Colao, R., Palmieri, A., Branca, D., Nicoletti, G., Rizzo, M., Parlato, G., Quattrone, A., Vanacore, N., Zuchegna, P., Bonifati, V., Meco, G., Scholz, J., Friedrich, H. -J., Rohl, A., Ulm, G., Vieregge, P., Savettieri, G., Rocca, W. A., Meneghini, F., Grigoletto, F., Morgante, L., Reggio, A., Salemi, G., Di Pierri, R., OzckmekÇi, S., Ertan, S., Yeni, N., Apaydin, H., Erkol, G., Kiziltan, G., Denktas, F., Ranoux, D., de Recondo, J., Ostergaard, L., Werdelin, L., Odin, P., Lindvall, O., Dupont, E., Christensen, P. B., Boisen, E., Jensen, N. B., Schmiegelow, M., Ingwersen, S. H., Matias-Guiu, J., Canet, T., Falip, R., Martin, R., Galiano, L., Voloshin, M. Y., Burchinskaya, L. F., Cabrera-Valdivia, F., Jimenez-Jimenez, F. J., Molina, J. A., Fernandez-Calle, P., Vazquez, A., Canizares-Liebana, F., Larumbe-Lobalde, S., Ayuso-Peralta, L., Rabasa, M., Codoceo, R., Arrieta, F. J., Aguilar, M. V., Jorge-Santamaria, A., Martinez-Para, M. C., Alarcon, J., Mateo, D., Gimenez-Roldan, S., Gencheva, E., Tzonev, T. z., Georgiev, G., Petkova, P., Gasparini, M., Vanacore, N., Meco, N. G., de la Sierra, G., Aguado, F., Revilla, M., Varela, L., Rico, H., Feve, A., N'Guyen, J. P., Bathien, N., Fenelon, G., Veroust, J., Cesaro, P., Egersbach, G., Hattig, H., Schelosky, L., Wissel, J., Poewe, W., Durif, F., Albuisson, E., Debilly, B., Tournilhac, M., Magnani, C., Mocellini, C., Soffietti, R., Schiffer, D., Cardozo, A., Cruz-Sanchez, F. F., Falip, L., Potagas, G., Ziegler, M., Rondot, P., Bonifati, V., Fabrizio, E., Meco, G., Bostantjopoulou, S., Katsarou, Z., Kyriazis, G., Baas, H., Demisch, L., Esser, A., Zoeller, F., Burklin, F., Harder, S., Fischer, P. A., Arcusa, M. J., Hermandez, S., Claramonte, F. J., Pascual, A. Pascual- Leone, Alonso, M. D., Catata, M. D., Alessandri, A., Giustini, P., Dufour, A., Ciusani, E., Nespolo, A., Roelcke U., Radu E. W., von Ammon K., Maguire R. P., Leenders K. L., Radionova, M., Chavdarov, D., Bratoeva, M., Tzekov, Ch., Pietrangeli, A., Bove, L., Pace, A., Falqui, L., Jandolo, B., Potemkowski, A., Muller B., Reinhard I., Krone A., Warmuth M., Brocker E. M., Krauseneck P., Meyding-Lamadé, U., Krieger, D., Sartor, K., Hacke, W., Maugard-Louboutin, C., Fayet, G., Sagan, C., Martin, S., Ménégalli, D., Lajat, Y., Resche, F., Koriech, O. M., Al Moutaery, K., Yaqub, B., Jochens, R., Wolters, A., Venz, S., Cordes, M., Hecht, B. K., Chatel, M., Gaudray, P., Turc-Carel, C., Gioanni, J., Ayraud, N., Hecht, F., Rumbach, L., Racadot, E., Bataillard, M., Billot, M., Pariset, J., Wijdenes, J., Montalban, Rio J., Tintoré, M., Galan, I., Acarin, N., Rapaport, S., Huberman, M., Shechtcr, D., Karabudak, R., Kilinc, M., Boyacigil, S., Cila, A., Polo, J. M., Setien, S., Sanchez, R., Figols, J., Zubimendi, A., Nadareishvili, Z. G., Massot, R., Marés, R., Gallecho, F., Richart, C., Hernandez, M. A., Garcia, M. R., Lorenzo, J. N., Leon, C., Muros, M., Togores, J., Kutluk, K., Damlacik, G. A., Tekinsoy, B., Obuz, O., Baklan, B., Idiman, E., Genc, K., Zielasek, J., Schmidt, B., Liew, F. Y., Gulay, Z., Yulug, N., Wong, K. S., Wong, T. W., Yu, T. S., Kay, R., Poupon, R., Giral, P., Roberti, C., Zanette, E. M., Chiarotti, F., Brusa, L., Cerbo, R., Prusinski, A., Pondal, M., Canton, R., Dominigo, Erodriguez J., Pereira Monteino J. M., Pereira Monteino X., Pardo, J., Carroacedo, A., Barros, F., Lema, M., Castillo, J., Melchor, A., Montiel, I., Guiu, J. Matias, Kloss, T. M., Keidel, M., Jacob, M., Idiman, F., Idman, E., Ozturk, V., Metin, E., Yilmaz, M., Gerard, J. M., Bouton, R., Decamps, D., Herbaut, A. G., Delecluse, F., Cavenaile, M., Divano, L., Chazot, G., Boureau, F., Emile, J., Bertin, L., d'Allens, H., Ferro, J. M., Costa, I., Carletto, F., Catarci, T., Padovani, A., Iandolo, B., Bartoli, M., Bonamini, M., Pulcinelli, F., Pignatelli, P., Russo, M., Gazzaniga, P. P., Barros, J., Pinheiro, J., Correia, A. P., Monteiro, J. M. Pereira, Alvarez-Cermeno, J. C., Avello, G., Sastre, J. L., Vecino, A., Cesar, J. M., Leone, M., Stankov, B., D'Amico, D., Maltempo, C., Moschian, F., Fraschini, F., Bussone, G., Molto, J. M., Fernandez, E., Fernandez, A. Morento, Barreiro, A., Siclia, J., Castejon, P., Mihout, B., Malberin, M., Salzman, V., Bogousslavsky, J., Meneghetti, G., Baracchini, C., Bozzato, G., Marini, B., Mendel, T., Czlonkowska, A., Pasierski, T., Szwed, H., Marta-Moreno, J., Lopez-Delval, J., Mostacero, E., Morales, F., Mahagne, M. H., Rogopoulos, A., Bertrand, F., Bedoucha, P., Lanteri-Minet, M., Riva, D., Zorzi, C., Milani, N., Vajsar, J., Ronen, G., Macgregor, D., Becker, L., Susseve, J., Seidl, Z., Faber, J., Obenberger, J., Springer, R., Bax, R. T., Eckardt, T., Czettritz, G. V., Emmrich, P., Vlaski-Jekic, S., Petrova, V., Cherninkova, S., Gudeva, T., Tzekov, C., Devoti, M., Franceschetti, S., Mientus, S., Vienna, P., Vashtang, Y., Tazir, M., Assami, S., Oulbani, D., Kaci Ahmed, M. Ait, Andersen, G., Vestergaard, K., Riis, J. O., Chavdarov, D., Corbo, M., Previtali, S., Allen, R. R., McKay, W. C., Rowbotham, M. C., Castellvi-Pel, S., Banchs, I., Kruyer, H., Corral, J., Saugeir-Veber, P., Munnich, A., Bonneau, D., Rozet, J. M., Le Merrer, M., Boespflug-Tanguy, O., Gokyigit, A., Oktem, O., Demir, G., Caliskan, A., Gardiner, R. M., Shorvon, Simon, Wieser, Heinz -Gregor, Hossmann, K. A., Steinberg, A., van Crevel, H., Ducros, A., Labauge, P., Pinsard, N., Ponsot, G., Gouttiere, F., Gastaut, J. L., Delrieu, O., BesanÇon, V., Klopstock, T., May, A., Seibel, P., Papagiannuli, E., Reichmann, H., Gurses, C., Aykut, C., Aktan, S., De Vuono, G., Fiacco, F., Gazzaniga Pozzill, P. P., Assuerus, V., Jacomet, C., Picard, O., Rozenbaum, W., Nueckel, M., Osschmann, P., Horning, C. R., Caldarelli-Stefano, R., Omodeo-Zorini, E., Rivolta, G. E., Maserati, R., Cagni, A., Ferrante, P., Lamadé, W., Heb, Th., Gosztonyl, G., Daral, G., Fresquet, C., Storch-Hagenlocher, B., Wildemann, B., Jager, G., Fuhry, L., Van Paesschen, W., Grunewald, R. A., Duncan, J. S., Connelly, A., Jackson, G. D., Sisodiya, S., Raymond, A. A., Shorvon, S. D., Fish, D. R., Stevens, J. M., Savic, I., Pauli, S., Thorell, J. O., Browne, R. H., Kornhuber, J., Retz, W., Riederer, P., Boon, F., Calliauw, L., Hoksergen, I., Thiery, E., Caemert, J., Decoo, D., Desomer, A., Chevalier, Y., Grinspan, A., Hirsch, E., Moszkowski, J., Marescaux, C., Yaqub, B. A., Valdueza, J. M., Puchner, M. J. A., Dammann, O., Vortmeyer, A., Herrmann, H. -D., Peterson, W., Prevett, M. C., Cunningham, V., Brooks, D. J., Pomes, A., Sunol, C., Durwen, H. F., Confavreux, Ch., Grimaud, J., Saddier, P., Moreau, T., Cortinovis-Tourniaire, P., Aimard, G., Adeleine, P., Paty, D. W., Wiles, C. M., Midgard, R., Riise, T., Kvale, G., Nyland, H., Stodal, H., Haase, A., Lassmann, H., Deeb, S. M. Al., Bruyn, G. W., Semana, G., Teisserenc, H., Alizadeh, M., Loiseau, P., Birebent, B., Yaouanq, J., Genetet, B., Sabouraud, O., Charron, D. J., Shaw, C. 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- Published
- 1994
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15. Abstracts
- Author
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Derlon J. M., Petit-taboué M. C., Dauphin F., Courtheoux P., Chapon F., Creissard P., Darcel F., Houtteville J. P., Kaschten, B., Sadzot, B., Stevenaert, A., Tjuvajev, Juri G., Macapinlac, Homer A., Daghighian, Farhad, Ginos, James Z., Finn, Ronald D., Jiaju Zhang, M. S., Beattie, Bradley, Graham, Martin, Larson, Steven M., Blasberg, Ronald G., Levivier, M., Goldman, S., Pirotte, B., Brucher, J. M., Balériaux, D., Luxen, A., Hildebrand, J., Brotchi, J., Go K. G., Kamman R. L., Mooyaart E. L., Heesters M. A. A. M., Sijens, P. E., Oudksrk, M., van Dijk, P., Levendag, P. C., Vecht, Ch. J., Metz, R. J., Kennedy, D. N., Rosen, B. R., Hochberg, F. H., Fishman, A. J., Filipek, P. A., Caviness, V. S., Gross, M. W., Weinzierl, F. X., Trappe, A. E., Goebel, W. E., Frank, A. M., Becker, Georg, Krone, Andreas, Schmidt, Karsten, Hofmann, Erich, Bogdahn, Ulrich, Bencsch, H., Fclber, S., Finkenstedt, G., Kremser, C., Sfockhammer, G., Aichner, F., Bogdahn U., Fröhlich T., Becker G., Krone A., Schlief R., Schürmann J., Jachimczak P., Hofmann E., Roggendorf W., Roosen K., Carapella, C. M., Carpinelli, G., Passalacqua, R., Raus, L., Giannini, M., Mastrostefano, R., Podo, F., Tofani, A., Maslrostefano, R., Mottoles, M., Ferraironi, A., Scelsa, M. G., Oppido, P., Riccio, A., Maini, C. L., Collombier, L., Taillandier, L., Dcbouverie, M., Laurens, M. H., Thouvenot, P., Weber, M., Bertrand, A., Cruickshank G. S., Patterson J., Hadley D., De Witte, Olivier, Hildebrand, Jerzy, Luxen, André, Goldman, Serge, Ernestus, R. -I., Bockhorst, K., Eis, M., Els, T., Hoehn-Berlage, M., Gliese, M., Fründ, R., Geissler, A., Woertgen, C., Holzschuh, M., Goldman, Serge, Levivier, M., Pirotte, B., Brucher, J. M., Luxen, A., Brotchi, J., Hildebrand, J., Hausmann, O., Merlo, A., Jerrnann, E., Uirich, J., Chiquet-Ehrismann, R., Müller, J., Mäcke, H., Gratzl, O., Herholz, K., Ghaemi, M., Würker, M., Pietrzyk, U., Heiss, W. -D., Kotitschke, K., Brandl, M., Tonn, J. C., Haase, A., Bogdahn, U., Kotitschke, K., Muigg, S., Felber, S., Aichner, F., Haase, A., Bogdahn, U., Krone A., Becker G., Woydt M., Roggendorf W., Hofmann E., Bogdahn U., Roosen K., Lanfermann, Heinrich, Heindel, Walter, Kugel, Harald, Erneslus, Ralf -Ingo, Röhn, Gabricle, Lackner, Klaus, Metz, R. J., Kennedy, D. N., Pardo, F. S., Kutke, S., Sorensen, A. G., Hochberg, F. H., Fishman, A. J., Filipek, P. A., Rosen, B. R., Caviness, V. S., Mechtler, L. L., Withiam-Lench, S., Shin, K., Klnkel, W. R., Patel, M., Truax, B., Kinkel, P., Shin, K., Mechtler, L., Ricci M., Pantano P., Maleci A., Pierallini S., Di Stefano D., Bozzao L., Cantore G. P., Röhn, Gabriele, Els, T., Schröder, R., Hoehn-Berlage, M., Ernestus, R. -I., Ruda, R., Mocellini, C., Soffietti, R., Campana, M., Ropolo, R., Riva, A., de Filippi, P. G., Schiffer, D., Salgado D., Rodrigues M., Salgado L., Fonseca A. T., Vieira M. R., Bravo Marques J. M., Satoh, H., Uozumi, T., Kiya, K., Kurisu, K., Arita, K., Sumida, M., Ikawa, F., Tzuk-Shina, Tz., Gomori, J. M., Rubinstein, R., Lossos, A., Siegal, T., Vaalburg, W., Paans, A. M. J., Willemsen, A. T. M., van Waarde, A., Pruim, J., Visser, G. M., Go, K. G., Valentini, S., Ting, Y. L. T., De Rose, R., Chidichimo, G., Corricro, G., van Lcycn-Pilgram, Karin, Erncslus, Ralf -Ingo, Klug, Norfried, van Leyen-Pilgram, K., Ernestus, R. -I., Schröder, R., Klug, N., Woydt M., Krone A., Tonn J. C., Becker G., Neumann U., Roggendorf W., Roosen K., Plate, Karl H., Breier, Georg, Millaucr, Birgit, Weich, Herbert A., Ullrich, Axel, Risau, Werner, Roosen N., Chopra R. K., Mikkelsen T., Rosenblum S. D., Yan P. S., Knight R., Windham J., Rosenblum M. L., Schiffer, D., Attanasio, A., Cavalla, P., Chio, A., Giordana, M. T., Migheli, A., Amberger, V., Hensel, T., Schwab, M. E., Cervoni, Luigi, Celli, Paolo, Tarantino, Roberto, Huettner, C., Tonn, J. C., Berweiler, U., Roggendorf, W., Salmon, I., Rorive, S., Rombaut, K., Pirotte, B., Haot, J., Brotchi, J., Kiss, R., Maugard-Louboutin C., Charrier J., Fayet G., Sagan C., Cuillioere P., Ricolleau G., Martin S., Menegalli-Bogeelli D., Lajat Y., Resche F., Molnàr, Péter, Bárdos, Helga, Ádány, Róza, Rogers, J. P., Pilkington, G. J., Pollo, B., Giaccone, G., Allegranza, A., Bugiani, O., Prim, J., Badia, J., Ribas, E., Coello, F., Shezen, E., Lossos, A., Abramsky, O., Siegal, T., Scerrati M., Roselli R., Iacoangeli M., Pompucci A., Rossi G. F., Deeb, Saleh M. Al., Koreich, Osama, Yaqub, Basim, Moutaery, Khalaf R. Al., Giordana, M. T., Cavalla, P., Chio, A., Marino, S., Vigliani, M. C., Schiffer, D., Deburghgraeve, V., Darcel, F., Gedouin, D., Hassel, M. Ben, Guegan, Y., Jeremic, B., Grujicic, D., Antunovic, V., Matovic, M., Shibamoto, Y., Kallio, Merja, Huhmar, Helena, Kudoh, Ch., Detta, A., Sugiura, K., Hitchcock, E. R., Mastrostefano, R., Di Russo, R., Cipriani§, M., Occhipinti, E. M., Conti, E. M. S., Clowegeser A., Ortler M., Seiwald M., Kostron H., Rajan B., Ross G., Lim C., Ashlcy S., Goode D., Traish D., Brada M., Sanden, G. A. C. vd, Schouten, L. J., Coebergh, J. W. W., Razenberg, P. P. A., Twijnstra, A., Snilders-Keilholz, A., Voormolen, J. H. C., Hermans, J., Leer, J. W. H., Taillandier, L., Baylac, F., Dcbouvcrie, M., Anxionnal, R., Bracard, S., Vignand, J. M., Duprcz, A., Weber, M., Winking, M., Böker, D. K., Simmet, T., Rothbart, David, Strugar, John, Balledux, Jeroen, Criscuolo, Gregory R., Jachimczak, Piotr, Blesch, Armin, Heβdörfer, Birgit, Bogdahn, Ulrich, Ernestus, Ralf -Ingo, Schröder, Roland, Klug, Norfrid, Krouwer, H. G. J., Duinen, S. G. v., Algra, A., Zentner, J., Wolf, H. K., Ostertun, B., Hufnagel, A., Campos, M. G., Solymosi, L., Schramm, J., Newlands, E. S., O'Reilly, S. M., Brampton, M., Soffietti, R., Chio, A., Mocellini, C., Ruda, R., Vigliani, M. C., Schiffer, D., Sciolla, R., Seliak, D., Henriksson, R., Bergenheim, A. T., Björk, P., Gunnarsson, P. -O., Hariz, Ml., Grant, R., Collie, D., Gregor A., Ebmeier K. P., Jarvis G., Lander F., Cull A., Sellar R., Brada, M., Thomas, C., Elyan, S., Hines, F., Ashley, S., Stenning, S., Bernstein J. J., Goldberg W. J., Roelcke U., Von Ammon K., Hausmann O., Radu E. W., Kaech D., Leenders K. L., Fitzek, II, M. M., Aronen J. Efird, Hochberg, F., Gruber, M., Schmidt, E., Rosen, B., Flschman, A., Pardo, P., Afra U. M. U., Sipos, L., Slouik, F., Boiardi A., Salmaggi A., Pozzi A., Farinotti L., Fariselli L., Silvani A., Brandes, A., Scelzi, E., Rigon, A., Zampieri, P., Pignataro, M., Amanzo, P. D'., Amista, P., Rotilio, A., Fiorentino, M. V., Thomas, R., Brazil, L., O'Connor, A. M., Ashley, S., Brada, M., Salvati, Maurizio, Cervoni, Luigi, Puzzilli, Fabrizio, Cervoni, Luigi, Salvati, Maurizio, Raguso, Michele, Cruickshank G. S., Duckworth R., Rumpling R., Rottuci M., Fariselli L., Boiardi A., Broggi G., Plrint, N. G., Sabattini, E., Manetto, V., Gambacorta, H., Poggi, S., Pileri, S., Ferracini, R., Grant, R., Plev D. V., Hopf N. J., Knosp E., Bohl J., Perncczky A., Kiss, R., Salmon, I., Catnby, I., Dewitte, O., Brotchi, J., Pasteels, J. L., Camby, I., Salmon, I., Darro, F., Danguy, A., Brotchi, J., Pasteels, J. L., Kiss, R., Kiu, M. C., Lai, G. M., Yang, T. S., Ng, K. T., Chen, J. S., Chang, C. N., Leung, W. M., Ho, Y. S., Rychter, M. Deblec, Klimek, A., Liberski, P. P., Karpinaka, A., Krauseneck P., Schöffel V., Müller B., Kreth, F. W., Faist, M., Warnke, P. C., Ostertag, C. B., Nielen, K. M. B. v., Visscr, M. C., Lebrun C., Lonjon M., Desjardin T., Michiels J. F., Chanalet Sa. Lagrange J. L., Roche J. L., Chatel M., Mastronardi L., Puzzilli F., Osman Farah J., Lunardi P., Matsutani, M., Ushio, Y., Takakura, K., Menten, Johan, Hamers, Han, Ribot, Jacques, Dom, René, Tcepen, Hans, Müller B., Weidner N., Krauseneck P., Naujocks, G., van Roost, D., Wiestler, O. D., Kuncz, A., Nieder, C., Setzel-Sesterhein, M., Niewald, M., Schnabel, I., O'Neill, K. S., Kitchen, N. D., Wilkins, P. R., Marsh, H. T., Pierce, E., Doshi, R., Deane, R., Previtali, S., Quattrini, A., Nemni, R., Ducati, A., Wrabetz, L., Canal, N., Punt, C. J. A., Stamatakis, L., Giroux, B., Rutten, E., Quigley, Matthew R., Beth Sargent P. A. -C., Flores, Nicholas, Simon, Sheryl, Maroon, Joseph C., Quigley, Matthew R., Beth Sargent P. A. -C., Flores, Nicholas, Maroon, Joseph C., Rocca A. A., Gervasoni C., Castagna A., Picozzi P., Giugni E., Rocca A. A., Tonnarelli G. P., Ducati A., Mangili F., Truci G., Canal N., Giovanelli M., Roelcke U., Von Ammon K., Radu E. W., Leenders K. L., Sachsenheimer, W., Bimmler, T., Seiwald M., Eiter H. Rhomberg W., Ortler M., Obwegesser A., Kostron H., Steilen H., Henn W., Moringlane J. R., Kolles H., Feiden W., Zang K. D., Sleudel W. I., Steinbrecher, Andreas, Schabet, Martin, Heb, Clemens, Bamberg, Michael, Dichgans, Johannes, Stragliotto, G., Delattre, J. Y., Poisson, M., Zampieri, P., Brandes, A., Rigon, A., Tosatto, L., D'Amanzo, P., Menicucci, N., Rotilio, A., Mingrino, S., Steudel, W. I., Feld, R., Henn, W., Zang, K. D., Maire, J. Ph., Caudry, M., Guerin, J., Celerier, D., Salem, N., Demeaux, H., Fahregat, J. F., Kusak, M. E., Bucno, A., Albisua, J., Jerez, P., Sarasa, J. L., Garefa, R., de Campos, J. M., Kusak, M. E., de Campos, J. M., Bueno, A., García-Delgado, R., Sarasa, J. L., García-Sola, R., Lantsov A. A., Shustova T. I., Lcnartz, D., Wellenreuther, R., von Deirnling, A., Köning, W., Menzel, J., Scarpa, S., Manna, A., Reale, M. G., Oppido, P. A., Carapella, C. M., Frati, L., Valery, C. A., Ichen, M., Foncin, J. P., Soubrane, C., Khayat, D., Philippon, J., Vaz, R., Cruz, C., Weis S., Protopapa D., März R., Winkler P. A., Reulen H. J., Bise K., Beuls E., Berg J., Deinsberger, W., Böker, D. K., Samii, M., Caudry, M., Darrouzet, V., Guérin, J., Trouette, R., Causse, N., Bébéar, J. P., Parker, F., Vallee, J. N., Carlier, R., Zerah, M., Lacroix-Jousselin, C., Piepmeier, Joseph M., Kveton, John, Czibulka, Agnes, Tigliev G. S., Chernov M. P., Maslova L. N., Valdueza, José M., Jänisch, Werner, Bock, Alexander, Harms, Lutz, Bessell, E. M., Graus, F., Punt, J., Firth, J., Hope, T., Koriech, Osama, Al Deeb, Saleh, Al Moutaery, Khalaf, Yaqub, B., Silvani A., Salmaggi A., Pozzi A., Franzini A., Boiardi A., Goldbrunner, R., Warmuth-Metz, M., Paulus, W., Tonn, J. -Ch., Roosen, K., Strik I. I., Müller B., Markert C., Pflughaupt K. -W., Krauseneck P., O'Neill, B. P., Dinapoli, R. P., Voges, J., Sturm, V., Deuß, U., Traud, C., Treuer, H., Lehrke, R., Kim, D. G., Müller, R. P., Alexandrov Yu. S., Moutaery, K., Aabed, M., Koreich, O., Ross, G. M., Rajan, B., Traish, D., Ashley, S., Ford, D., Brada, M., Schmeets, I. L. O., Jager, J. J., Pannebakker, M. A. G., de Jong, J. M. A., van Lindert, E., Knosp, E., Kitz, K., Blond, S., Dubois, F., Assaker, R., Baranzelli, M. C., Sleiman, M., Pruvo, J. P., Coche-Dequeant, B., Matsutani M., Takakura K., Sano K., PetriČ-Grabnar, G., Jereb, B., Župančič, N., Koršič, M., Rainov N. G., Burkert W., Ushio, Yukitaka, Kochi, Masato, Itoyama, Youichi, de Campos, J. M., Kusak, M. E., Sarasa, J. L., García, R., Bueno, A., Ferrando, L., Hoang-Xuan, K., Sanson, M., Merel, P., Delattre, J. Y., Poisson, M., Delattre, O., Thomas, G., Hoang-Xuan, K., Delattre, J. Y., Poisson, M., Thomas, G., Haritz, D., Obersen, B., Grochulla, F., Gabel, D., Haselsberger K., Radner H., Pendl G., Brada, M., Laing, R. W., Warrington, A. P., Nowak, P. J. C. M., Kolkman-Deurloo, I. K. K., Visser, A. G., Berge, Hv. d., Niël, C. G. J. H., Levendag, P. C., Bergström P., Hariz M., Löfroth P. -O., Bergenheim T., Henriksson R., Blond, S., Assaker, R., Cortet-rudelli, C., Dewailly, D., Coche-dequeant, B., Castelain, B., Dinapoli, R., Shaw, E., Coffey, R., Earle, J., Foote, R., Schomberg, P., Gorman, D., Girard N., Courel M. N., Delpech B., Haselsberger K., Friehs G. M., Schröttner O., Pendl G., Pötter, R., hawliczek, R., Sperveslage, P., Prott, F. J., Wachter, S., Dieckmann, K., Würker, M., Herholz, K., Pietrzyk, U., Voges, J., Treuer, H., Sturm, V., Bauer, B., Heiss, W. -D., Jund, R., Zimmermann, F., Feldmann, H. J., Gross, M. W., Kneschaurek, P., Molls, M., Lederman, G., Lowry, J., Wertheim, S., Voulsinas, L., Fine, M., Lederman, G., Lowry, J., Wertheim, S., Fine, M., Voutsinas, I., Qian, G., Rashid, H., Lederman, G., Lowry, J., Wertheim, S., Fine, M., Voulsinas, L., Qian, G., Rashid, H., Moutaery, K., Aabed, M., Koreich, O., Scerrati M., Montemaggi P., Iacoangeli M., Pompucci A., Roselli R., Trignani R., Rossi G. F., Shin, K., Mechtler, L., West, C., Grand, W., Shin, K., Sibata, C., West, C., Mechtler, L., Grand, W., Thomas, R., Guerrero, D., James, N., Ashley, S., Gregor, A., Brada, M., Voges, J., Sturm, V., Bramer, R., Pahlke, H., Lehrke, R., Treuer, H., Banik, N., Kim, D. G., Hövels, M., Bernsen H. J. J. A., Rijken P. F. J. W., Van der Sanden B. P. J., Hagemeier N. E. M., Van der Kogel A. J., Koehler P. J., Verbiest H., Jager J., Vecht Ch. J., Ross G. M., McIlwrath A., Brown R., Mottolesb, C., Pierre'Kahn, A., Croux, M., Roche, J. L., Marchai, J., Delhemes, P., Tremoulet, M., Stilhart, B., Chazai, J., Caillaud, P., Ravon, R., Passacha, J., Bouffet, E., Dirven C. M. F., Mooy J. J. A., Molenaar W. M., Lewandowicz, G. M., Grant, N., Harkness, W., Hayward, R., Thomas, D. G. T., Darling, J. L., Delepine, N., Subovici I. I., Cornille B., Markowska S., Alkallaf JC. Desbois, KühI, J., Niethammer, D., Spaar, H. J., Gnekow, A., Havers, W., Berthold, F., Graf, N., Lampert, F., Maass, E., Mertens, R., Schöck, V., Aguzzi, A., Boukhny, A., Smirtukov, S., Prityko, A., Hoiodov, B., Geludkova, O., Nikanorov, A., Levin, P., Rothbart, David, Balledux, Jeroen, Criscuolo, Gregory R., D'haen, B., Van Calenbergh, F., Casaer, P., Dom, R., Menten, J., Goffin, J., Plets, C., Hertel, A., Hernaiz, P., Seipp, C., Siegler, K., Baum, R. P., Maul, F. D., Schwabe, D., Jacobi, G., Kornhuber, B., Hör, G., Menten, J., Casaer, P., Pilkington, G. J., Merzak, A., Rooprai, H. K., Bullock, P., van Domburg P. H. M. F., Wesseling P., Thijssen H. O. M., Wolff, J. E. A., Boos, J., Krähling, K. H., Gressner-Brocks, V., Jürgens, H., Schlegel, J., Scherthan, H., Arens, N., Stumm, Gabi, Kiessling, Marika, Merzak, A., Koochekpour, S., Pilkington, G. J., Reifenberger, G., Reifenberger, J., Liu, L., James, C. D., Wechsler, W., Collins, V. P., Fabel-Schulte, Klaus, Jachimczak, Plotr, Heßdörfer, Birgitt, Baur, Inge, Schlingensiepen, Karl -Hermann, Brysch, Wolgang, Bogdahn, Ulrich, Blesch A., Bosserhoff A. K., Apfel R., Lottspeich F., Jachimczak P., Büttner R., Bogdahn U., Cece, R., Barajon, I., Tazzari, S., Cavaletti, G., Torri-Tarelli, L., Tredici, G., Hecht, B., Turc-Carel, C., Atllas, R., Chatel, M., Gaudray, P., Gioanni, J., Hecht, F., Balledux, Jeroen, Rothbart, David, Criscuolo, Gregory R., de Campos, J. M., Kusak, M. E., Rey, J. A., Bello, M. J., Sarasa, J. L., Dubois, F., Blond, S., Parent, M., Assaker, R., Gosselin, P., Christiaens, J. L., Feld, R., Moringlane, J. R., Steudel, W. I., Schaudies, J. R., Janka M., Tonn J. C., Fischer U., Meese E., Roosen K., Remmelink, M., Salmon, I., Cras, P., Pasteels, J. L., Brotchi, J., Kiss, R., Bensadoun R. J., Frenay M., Formento J. L., Milano G., Lagrange J. L., Grellier P., Lee, J. -Y., Ernestus, R. -I., Riese, H. -H., Cervós-Navarro, J., Reutter, W., Lippitz, B., Scheitinger, C., Scholz, M., Weis, J., Gilsbach, J. M., Füzesi, L., Koochekpour, S., Merzak, A., Pilkington, G. J., Sanson, M., Li, Y. J., Hoang-Xuan, K., Delattre, J. Y., Poisson, M., Hamelin, R., Van de Kelft, Erik, Dams, Erna, Martin, Jean -Jacques, Willems, Patrick, Lehrke R., Voges J., Treuer H., Erdmann J., Müller R. P., Sturm V., Wurm R. E., Warrington A. P., Laing R. W., Sardell S., Hines F., Graham J. D., Brada M., Ushio, Yukitaka, Kuratsu, Jun -ichi, Kochi, Masato, Kitz K., Aichholzer M., Rössler K., Alesch F., Ertl A., Sorensen, P. S., Helweg-Larsen, S., Mourldsen, H., Hansen, H. H., El Sharoum, S. Y., Berfelo, M. W., Theunissen, P. H. M. H., Jager, J. J., de Jong, J. M. A., Fedorcsák, I., Nyáry, I., Osztie, É., Horvath, Á., Kontra, G., Frenay M., Burgoni-chuzel J., Paquis P., Lagrange J. L., Helweg-Larsen, S., Hansen, SW., Sørensen, PS., Salmon, I., Kiss, R., Krauseneck P., Müller B., Morche M., Tonn J. C., Lagerwaard, F. J., Levendag, P. C., Eijkenboom, W. M. H., Schmilz, P. I. M., Lentzsch S., Weber F., Franke J., Dörken B., Lunardi P., Schettini G., Osman Farah J., Qasho R., Mocellini, C., Ruda, R., Soffietti, R., Garabello, D., Sales, S., De Lucchi, R., Vasario, E., Schiffer, D., Muracciole, X., Régis, J., Manera, L., Peragut, J. C., Juin, P., Sedan, R., Nieder, C., Niewald, M., Walter, K., Schnabel, K., Nieder, C., Niewald, N., Nestle, U., Schnabel, K., Berberich, W., Oschmann, P., Theißen R. D., Reuner K. H., Kaps M., Dorndorf W., Martin, K. K., Akinwunmi, J., Rooprai, H. K., Kennedy, A., Linke, A., Ognjenovic, N., Pilkington, G. J., Svadovsky A. I., Peresedov V. V., Bulakov A. A., Butyalko M. Y., Zhirnova I. G., Labunsky D. A., Gnazdizky V. V., Gannushkina I. V., Taphoorn, M. J. B., Potman, R., Barkhof, F., Weerts, J. G., Karim, A. B. M. F., Heimans, J. J., van de Pol, M., van Aalst, V. C., Wilmink, J. T., Twijnstra, A., van der Sande, J. J., Boogerd, W., Kröger, R., Jäger A., Wismeth C., Dekant A., Brysch W., Schlingensiepen K. H., Jachimczak P., Bogdahn U., Pirolte, B., Cool, V., Gérard, C., Levivier, M., Dargent, J. L., Goldman, S., Brotchi, J., Hildebrand, J., Velu, T., Herrlinger, U., Schabet, M., Ohneseit, P., Buchholz, R., Zhu, Jianhong, Reszka, Regina, Weber, Friedrich, Walther, Wolfgang, Zhang, L. I., Brock, Mario, Roosen N., Rock J. P., Zeng H., Feng J., Fenstermacher J. D., Rosenblum M. L., Siegal, T., Gabizon, A., Beljanski M., Crochet S., Bergenheim, A. T., Zackrisson, B., Elfverson, J., Bergström, P., Henriksson, R., Butti, G., Baetta, R., Magrassi, L., De Renzis, M. R., Soma, M. R., Davegna, C., Pezzotta, S., Paoletti, R., Fumagalli, R., Infuso, L., Sankar, A. A., Darling, J. L., Thomas, D. G. T., Defer, G. -L., Brugières, P., Gray, F., Chomienne, C., Poirier, J., Degos, L., Degos, J. D., Colombo, Bruno M., DiDonato, Stefano, Finocchiaro, Gaetano, Hebeda, K. M., Sterenborg, H. J. C. M., Saarnak, A. E., Wolbers, J. G., van Gemert, M. J. C., Kaaijk P., Troost D., Leenstra S., Das P. K., Bosch D. A., Kostron H., Hochleitner B. W., Obwegeser A., Ortler M., Seiwald M., Vooys, W., Krouwer, H. G. J., de Gast, G. C., Marx, J. J. M., Osman Farah J., Lunardi P., Puzzilli F., Menovsky, T., Beek, J. F., Wolbers, J. G., van Gemert, M. J. C., Naujocks, G., Wiestler, O. D., Schirrmacher, V., Schramm, J., Schmitz, A., Eis-Hübinger, A. M., Piepmeier, p. h., Pedersen, Patricia, Greer, Charles, Quigley, Matthew R., Shih, Tommy, Elrifal, Amr, Rothfus, William, Maroon, Joseph C., Rohertson, L., Rampling, R., Whoteley, T. L., Piumb, J. A., Kerr, D. J., Falina, P. A., Crossan, I. M., Roosen N., Rock J. P., Feng J., Zeng H., Ho K. L., Fenstermacher J. D., Rosenblum M. L., Ruchoux, M. M., Vincent, S., Jonca, F., Plouet, J., Lecomte, M., Samid, D., Thibault, A., Ram, Z., Oldfield, E. H., Myers, C. E., Reed, E., Schabet, M., Herrlinger, U., Buchholz, R., Shoshan, Y., Siegal, T., Siegal, T., Shezen, E., Siegal, Tz., Stockhammer, G., Rosenblum, M., Samid, D., Lieberman, F., Terzis, A. J. A., Bjerkvig, R., Laerum, O. D., Arnold, H., Thibault, A., Samid, D., Figg, W. D., Myers, C. E., Reed, E., Thomas, R., Flux, G., Chittenden, S., Doshi, P., Brazil, L., Thomas, D. G. T., Bignor, D., Zalutsky, M., Brada, M., Tjuvajev, Juri, Kaplitt, Michael, Desai, Revathi, Bradley, M. S., Bettie B. S., Gansbacher, Bernd, Blasberg, Ronald, Haugland, H. K., Saraste, J., Rooseni, K., Laerum, O. D., Vincent, A. J. P. E., Avezaat, C. J. J., Bout, A., Noteboom, J. L., Vecht, C. h., Valerio, D., Hoogerbrugge, P. M., Weber, F., Reszka, R., Zhu, J., Walther, W., List, J., Schulz, W., Wolbers, J. G., Sterenborg, I. I. J. C. M., Kamphorst, W., van Gemert, M. J. C., van Alplien, H. A. M., Salander P., Bergenheim T., Henriksson R., Grant, R., Brazil, L., Thomas, R., Guerrero, D., Laing, R., Ashley, S., Brada, M., Schmidt B., Bauer B., Grau G., Bohnstedt, T., Frydrych A., Franz K., Lorenz R., Brandes, A., Amanzo, P. D'., Zampieri, P., Rigon, A., Scelzi, E., Rotilio, A., Berti, F., Paccagnella, A., Fiorentino, M. V., Müller B., Krauseneck P., van Deventer, P. L., Dellemijn, P. L. I., van den Bent, M. J., Vecht, Ch. J., Kansen, P. J., Tredici, G., Petruccioli, N. G., Cavaletti, G., Cavalletti, E., Kiburg, B., Müller, L. J., Moorer-van Delft, C. M., Heimans, J. J., Boer, H. H., Pace A., Bove L., Pietrangeli A., Innocenti P., Aloe A., Nardi M., Jandolo B., Kellie S. J., De Graaf S. S. N., Bloemhof H., Roebuck D., Dalla Pozza L., Uges D. D. R., Johnston I., Besser M., Chaseling R. A., Koeppen, S., Gründemann, S., Lossos, A., Siegal, T., Nitschke M., Vieregge P., Reusche E., Rob P., Kömpf D., Postma, T. J., Vermorken, J. B., Heimans, J. J., Rampling R. P., Dunlop D. J., Steward M. S., Campbell S. M., Roy S., Hilkens, P. H. E., Verweij, J., van Putten, W. L. J., Vecht, Ch. J., van den Bent, M. J., Hilkens, P. H. E., Moll, J. W. B., van der Burg, M. E. L., Planting, A. S. T., van Putten, W. L. J., Vecht, Ch. J., van den Bent, M. J., Wondrusch E., Zifko U., Drlicek M., Liszka U., Grisold W., Zifko U., Fazeny B., Dittrich Ch., Wondrusch E., Grisold W., Verschuuren, Jan J., Meneses, Patricio I., Rosenfeld, Myrna R., Kaplitt, Michael G., Posner, Jerome B., Dalmau, Josep, Sillevis Smitt P. A. E., Manley G., Posner J. B., Cavaletti, G., Bogliun, G., Margorati, L., Bianchi, G., Drlicek, M., Liska, U., Casati, B., Kolig, C., Grisold, H., Graus, F., Reñe, R., Uchuya, M., Valldeoriola, F., Delattre, J. Y., Benedetti de Cosentiro C., Ortale D., Martinez R., Lambre J., Cagnolati S., Vinai C., Salmaggi A., Nemni R., Silvani A., Forno M. G., Luksch R., Confalonieri P., Boiardi A., Nitschke M., Scholz J., Vieregge P., Kömpf D., Hochberg F. H., Pfeiffer, G., Netzer, J., Hansen, Ch., Eggers, Ch., Hagel Ch., Kunze, K., Verschuuren, Jan J., Rosenblum, Marc K., Lieberman, Frank S., Posner, Jerome B., and Dalmau, Josep
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- 1994
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16. Non-invasive methods to study drug disposition: Positron Emission Tomography Detection and quantification of brain receptors in man
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Sadzot, B. and Franck, G.
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- 1990
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17. Nasu-Hakola syndrome: polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leucoencephalopathy and presenile dementia
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Verloes, A., Maquet, P., Sadzot, B., Vivario, M., Thiry, A., and Franck, G.
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- 1997
18. Is sup 11 C-flumazenil PET superior to sup 18 FDG PET and sup 123 I-iomazenil SPECT in presurgical evaluation of temporal lobe epilepsy?
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Debets, R M Chr, Sadzot, B, van Isselt, J W, Brekelmans, G J F, Meiners, L C, van Huffelen, A C, Franck, G, and van Veelen, C W M
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- 1997
19. Is [11C]-Flumazenil PET Superior to [18F]FDG PET and [123I]Iomazenil SPECT in Presurgical Evaluation of Temporal Epilepsy?
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Chr. Debets, R. M., Sadzot, B., Van Isselt, J. W., Breleimans, G. J. F., Meiners, L. C., Van Huffelen, A. C., Franck, G., and Van Veelen, C. W. M.
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- 1996
20. Positron Emission Tomography in Epilepsy: Future Perspectives
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Sadzot, B., Debets, R. M. C., Maquet, P., van Huffelen, A. C., Delfiore, G., van Veelen, C. W. M., and Franck, G.
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- 1996
21. Serotonin 5HT2 Receptor Imaging in the Human Brain Using Positron Emission Tomography and a New Radioligand, [18F]Altanserin: Results in Young Normal Controls
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Sadzot, B., Lemaire, C., Maquet, P., Salmon, E., Plenevaux, A., Degueldre, C., Hermanne, J. P., Guillaume, M., Cantineau, R., Comar, D., and Franck, G.
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- 1995
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22. Asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis and cerebrovascular risk stratification
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Nicolaides, Andrew N, Kakkos, Stavros K., Kyriacou, Efthyvoulos, Griffin, Maura, Sabetai, Michael, Thomas, Dafydd J., Tegos, Thomas, Geroulakos, George, Labropoulos, Nicos, Dor, Caroline J., Morris, Tim P., Naylor, Ross, Abbott, Anne L., Adovasio, Roberto, Ziani, B., Alò, F. P., Cicilioni, C. G., Ambrosio, G., Andreev, A., Andreozzi, G. M., Verlato, F., Camporese, G., Arosio, E., Barkauskas, E., Barros D'Sa, A. A. B., Brannigan, P., Batchvarova, V., Dramov, A., Belardi, P., Novelli, Gp, Simoni, G., Bell, P., Biasi, G. M., Mingazzini, P., Bornstein, N. M., Bouchier Hayes, D., Fitzgerald, P., Cairols, M. A., Cao, P. G., Derango, P., Carboni, G. P., Geoffredo, C., Catalano, M., Chambers, B., Goetzmann, M., Dickinson, A., Clement, D., Bobelyn, M., Coccheri, S., Conti, E., Diamantopoulos, E., Andreadis, E. A., Dimakakos, P. B., Kotsis, T., Eikelboom, B., Entz, L., Ferrari Bardile, Null, Aloi, T., Salerno, M., Fernandes e. Fernandes, J., Pedro, L., Fitzgerald, D. E., O'Shaunnersy, Anne, Fletcher, J., Forconi, S., Cappeli, R., Bicchi, M., Arrigucci, S., Gallai, V., Cardaiolli, G., Geroulakos, G., Kakkos, S., Gomez Isaza, L. F., Gorgoyannis, G., Liasis, N., Graf, M., Guarini, P., Hardy, S., Harris, P., Aston, S., Iosa, G., Katsamouris, A., Giannoukas, A., Krzanowski, M., Ladurner, G., Leal Monedero, J., Lee, B. B., Liapis, C., Galanis, P., Liboni, W., Pavanelli, E., Mannarino, E., Vaudo, G., Mccollum, P., Levison, R., Micieli, G., Bosone, D., Middleton, L., Pantziaris, M., Tyllis, T., Minar, E., Willfort, A., Moggi, L., Nenci, G., Radicchia, S., Nicolaides, A., Thomas, D, Norgren, L., Ribbe, E., Novo, S., Tantillo, R., Olinic, D., Paaske, W., Pagnan, A., Pauletto, P., Pagliara, V., Pettina, G., Pratesi, C., Matticari, S., Polivka, J., Sevcik, P., Poredos, P., Blinc, A., Videcnik, V., Pujia, A., Raso, A., Rispoli, P., Conforti, M., Robinson, T., Dennis, M. S. J., Rosfors, S., Rudofsky, G., Schroeder, T., Gronholdt, M. L., Finocchi, C., Rodriguez, G., Spartera, C., Ventura, M., Scarpelli, P., Sprynger, M., Sadzot, B., Hottermans, C., Moonen, Null, Taylor, P. R., Tovar Pardo, A., Negreira, J., Vayssairat, M., Faintuch, J. M., Valaikiené, J., Walker, M. G., Wilkinson, A. R., Nicolaides, A, Kakkos, S, Kyriacou, E, Griffin, M, Sabetai, M, Thomas, D, Tegos, T, Geroulakos, G, Labropoulos, N, Dor, C, Morris, T, Naylor, R, Abbott, A, Adovasio, R, Ziani, B, Alò, F, Cicilioni, C, Ambrosio, G, Andreev, A, Andreozzi, G, Verlato, F, Camporese, G, Arosio, E, Barkauskas, E, Barros D'Sa, A, Brannigan, P, Batchvarova, V, Dramov, A, Belardi, P, Novelli, G, Simoni, G, Bell, P, Biasi, G, Mingazzini, P, Bornstein, N, Bouchier Hayes, D, Fitzgerald, P, Cairols, M, Cao, P, Derango, P, Carboni, G, Geoffredo, C, Catalano, M, Chambers, B, Goetzmann, M, Dickinson, A, Clement, D, Bobelyn, M, Coccheri, S, Conti, E, Diamantopoulos, E, Andreadis, E, Dimakakos, P, Kotsis, T, Eikelboom, B, Entz, L, Ferrari Bardileah, N, Aloi, T, Salerno, M, Fernandes, J, Pedro, L, Fitzgerald, D, O'Shaunnersy, A, Fletcher, J, Forconi, S, Cappeli, R, Bicchi, M, Arrigucci, S, Gallai, V, Cardaiolli, G, Gomez Isaza, L, Gorgoyannis, G, Liasis, N, Graf, M, Guarini, P, Hardy, S, Harris, P, Aston, S, Iosa, G, Katsamouris, A, Giannoukas, A, Krzanowski, M, Ladurner, G, Leal Monedero, J, Lee, B, Liapis, C, Galanis, P, Liboni, W, Pavanelli, E, Mannarino, E, Vaudo, G, Mccollum, P, Levison, R, Micieli, G, Bosone, D, Middleton, L, Pantziaris, M, Tyllis, T, Minar, E, Willfort, A, Moggi, L, Nenci, G, Radicchia, S, Norgren, L, Ribbe, E, Novo, S, Tantillo, R, Olinic, D, Paaske, W, Pagnan, A, Pauletto, P, Pagliara, V, Pettina, G, Pratesi, C, Matticari, S, Polivka, J, Sevcik, P, Poredos, P, Blinc, A, Videcnik, V, Pujia, A, Raso, A, Rispoli, P, Conforti, M, Robinson, T, Dennis, M, Rosfors, S, Rudofsky, G, Schroeder, T, Gronholdt, M, Finocchi, C, Rodriguez, G, Spartera, C, Ventura, M, Scarpelli, P, Sprynger, M, Sadzot, B, Hottermans, C, Moonenbp, N, Taylor, P, Tovar Pardo, A, Negreira, J, Vayssairat, M, Faintuch, J, Valaikiené, J, Walker, M, Wilkinson, A, Nicolaides, Andrew N, Kakkos, Stavros K., Kyriacou, Efthyvoulo, Griffin, Maura, Sabetai, Michael, Thomas, Dafydd J., Tegos, Thoma, Geroulakos, George, Labropoulos, Nico, Dor, Caroline J., Morris, Tim P., Naylor, Ro, Abbott, Anne L., Adovasio, Roberto, Ziani, B., Alò, F. P., Cicilioni, C. G., Ambrosio, G., Andreev, A., Andreozzi, G. M., Verlato, F., Camporese, G., Arosio, E., Barkauskas, E., Barros D'Sa, A. A. B., Brannigan, P., Batchvarova, V., Dramov, A., Belardi, P., Novelli, Gp, Simoni, G., Bell, P., Biasi, G. M., Mingazzini, P., Bornstein, N. M., Bouchier Hayes, D., Fitzgerald, P., Cairols, M. A., Cao, P. G., Derango, P., Carboni, G. P., Geoffredo, C., Catalano, M., Chambers, B., Goetzmann, M., Dickinson, A., Clement, D., Bobelyn, M., Coccheri, S., Conti, E., Diamantopoulos, E., Andreadis, E. A., Dimakakos, P. B., Kotsis, T., Eikelboom, B., Entz, L., Ferrari Bardile, Null, Aloi, T., Salerno, M., Fernandes e. Fernandes, J., Pedro, L., Fitzgerald, D. E., O'Shaunnersy, Anne, Fletcher, J., Forconi, S., Cappeli, R., Bicchi, M., Arrigucci, S., Gallai, V., Cardaiolli, G., Geroulakos, G., Kakkos, S., Gomez Isaza, L. F., Gorgoyannis, G., Liasis, N., Graf, M., Guarini, P., Hardy, S., Harris, P., Aston, S., Iosa, G., Katsamouris, A., Giannoukas, A., Krzanowski, M., Ladurner, G., Leal Monedero, J., Lee, B. B., Liapis, C., Galanis, P., Liboni, W., Pavanelli, E., Mannarino, E., Vaudo, G., Mccollum, P., Levison, R., Micieli, G., Bosone, D., Middleton, L., Pantziaris, M., Tyllis, T., Minar, E., Willfort, A., Moggi, L., Nenci, G., Radicchia, S., Nicolaides, A., Norgren, L., Ribbe, E., Novo, S., Tantillo, R., Olinic, D., Paaske, W., Pagnan, A., Pauletto, P., Pagliara, V., Pettina, G., Pratesi, C., Matticari, S., Polivka, J., Sevcik, P., Poredos, P., Blinc, A., Videcnik, V., Pujia, A., Raso, A., Rispoli, P., Conforti, M., Robinson, T., Dennis, M. S. J., Rosfors, S., Rudofsky, G., Schroeder, T., Gronholdt, M. L., Finocchi, C., Rodriguez, G., Spartera, C., Ventura, M., Scarpelli, P., Sprynger, M., Sadzot, B., Hottermans, C., Moonen, Null, Taylor, P. R., Tovar Pardo, A., Negreira, J., Vayssairat, M., Faintuch, J. M., Valaikiené, J., Walker, M. G., and Wilkinson, A. R.
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Male ,Carotid Stenosi ,carotid artery stenosis ,Brain Ischemia ,80 and over ,MED/22 - CHIRURGIA VASCOLARE ,Carotid Stenosis ,Cerebrovascular disease ,cerebrovascular risk ,Stroke ,Ultrasonography ,Aged, 80 and over ,Middle Aged ,cardiovascular system ,Female ,Radiology ,Internal carotid artery ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Carotid Artery, Internal ,Adult ,Aged ,Amaurosis Fugax ,Humans ,ROC Curve ,Risk Assessment ,Surgery ,Human ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Asymptomatic ,Central nervous system disease ,medicine.artery ,medicine ,Asymtomatic carotid stenosis ,cardiovascular diseases ,Risk factor ,carotid surgery ,Vascular disease ,business.industry ,Amaurosis fugax ,medicine.disease ,Internal ,Stenosis ,atherosclerosis ,Carotid Artery ,business - Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the cerebrovascular risk stratification potential of baseline degree of stenosis, clinical features, and ultrasonic plaque characteristics in patients with asymptomatic internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. Methods: This was a prospective, multicenter, cohort study of patients undergoing medical intervention for vascular disease. Hazard ratios for ICA stenosis, clinical features, and plaque texture features associated with ipsilateral cerebrovascular or retinal ischemic (CORI) events were calculated using proportional hazards models. Results: A total of 1121 patients with 50% to 99% asymptomatic ICA stenosis in relation to the bulb (European Carotid Surgery Trial [ECST] method) were followed-up for 6 to 96 months (mean, 48). A total of 130 ipsilateral CORI events occurred. Severity of stenosis, age, systolic blood pressure, increased serum creatinine, smoking history of more than 10 pack-years, history of contralateral transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) or stroke, low grayscale median (GSM), increased plaque area, plaque types 1, 2, and 3, and the presence of discrete white areas (DWAs) without acoustic shadowing were associated with increased risk. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed for predicted risk versus observed CORI events as a measure of model validity. The areas under the ROC curves for a model of stenosis alone, a model of stenosis combined with clinical features and a model of stenosis combined with clinical, and plaque features were 0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.54-0.64), 0.66 (0.62-0.72), and 0.82 (0.78-0.86), respectively. In the last model, stenosis, history of contralateral TIAs or stroke, GSM, plaque area, and DWAs were independent predictors of ipsilateral CORI events. Combinations of these could stratify patients into different levels of risk for ipsilateral CORI and stroke, with predicted risk close to observed risk. Of the 923 patients with
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- 2010
23. Predictors and clinical significance of progression or regression of asymptomatic carotid stenosis
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Kakkos, Sk, Nicolaides, An, Charalambous, I, Thomas, D, Giannopoulos, A, Naylor, Ar, Geroulakos, G, Abbott, Al, Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis, Risk of Stroke Study Group Adovasio, R, Ziani, B, Alò, F, Cicilioni, C, Ambrosio, G, Andreev, A, Andreozzi, G, Verlato, F, Camporese, G, Arosio, E, Barkauskas, E, D'Sa, A, Brannigan, P, Batchvarova, V, Dramov, A, Belardi, P, Novelli, G, Simoni, G, Bell, P, Biasi, G, Mingazzini, P, Bornstein, N, Bouchier Hayes, D, Fitzgerald, P, Cairols, M, Cao, P, Derango, P, Carboni, G, Geoffredo, C, Catalano, M, Chambers, B, Goetzmann, M, Dickinson, A, Clement, D, Bobelyn, M, Coccheri, S, Conti, E, Diamantopoulos, E, Andreadis, E, Dimakakos, P, Kotsis, T, Eikelboom, B, Entz, L, Ferrari Bardile, A, Aloi, T, Salerno, M, Fernandes J, Fernandes e., Pedro, L, Fitzgerald, D, O'Shaughnessy, A, Fletcher, J, Forconi, S, Cappeli, R, Bicchi, M, Arrigucci, S, Gallai, V, Cardaiolli, G, Kakkos, S, Gomez Isaza, L, Gorgoyannis, G, Liasis, N, Graf, M, Guarini, P, Hardy, S, Harris, P, Aston, S, Iosa, G, Katsamouris, A, Giannoukas, A, Krzanowski, M, Ladurner, G, Leal Monedero, J, Lee, B, Liapis, C, Galanis, P, Liboni, W, Pavanelli, E, Mannarino, E, Vaudo, G, Mccollum, P, Levison, R, Micieli, G, Bosone, D, Middleton, L, Pantziaris, M, Tyllis, T, Minar, E, Willfort, A, Moggi, L, Nenci, G, Radicchia, S, Nicolaides, A, Norgren, L, Ribbe, E, Novo, S, Tantillo, R, Olinic, D, Paaske, W, Pagnan, A, Pauletto, P, Pagliara, V, Pettina, G, Pratesi, C, Matticari, S, Polivka, J, Sevcik, P, Poredos, P, Blinc, A, Videcnik, V, Pujia, A, Raso, A, Rispoli, Pietro, Conforti, M, Robinson, T, Dennis, M, Rosfors, S, Rudofsky, G, Schroeder, T, Gronholdt, M, Finocchi, C, Rodriguez, G, Spartera, C, Ventura, M, Scarpelli, P, Sprynger, M, Sadzot, B, Hottermans, C, Moonen, M, Taylor, P, Tovar Pardo, A, Negreira, J, Vayssairat, M, Faintuch, J, Valaikiené, J, Walker, M, Wilkinson, A. R., Kakkos, Stavros K., Nicolaides, Andrew N., Charalambous, Ioanna, Thomas, Dafydd, Giannopoulos, Argyrio, Naylor, A. Ro, Geroulakos, George, Abbott, Anne L., Adovasio, Roberto, Ziani, B., Alò, F. P., Cicilioni, C. G., Ambrosio, G., Andreev, A., Andreozzi, G. M., Verlato, F., Camporese, G., Arosio, E., Barkauskas, E., Barros D'Sa, A. A. B., Brannigan, P., Batchvarova, V., Dramov, A., Belardi, P., Novelli, G. P., Simoni, G., Bell, P., Biasi, G. M., Mingazzini, P., Bornstein, N. M., Bouchier Hayes, D., Fitzgerald, P., Cairols, M. A., Cao, P. G., Derango, P., Carboni, G. P., Geoffredo, C., Catalano, M., Chambers, B., Goetzmann, M., Dickinson, A., Clement, D., Bobelyn, M., Coccheri, S., Conti, E., Diamantopoulos, E., Andreadis, E. A., Dimakakos, P. B., Kotsis, T., Eikelboom, B., Entz, L., Ferrari Bardile, A., Aloi, T., Salerno, M., Fernandes E. Fernandes, J., Pedro, L., Fitzgerald, D. E., O'Shaughnessy, A. M., Fletcher, J., Forconi, S., Cappeli, R., Bicchi, M., Arrigucci, S., Gallai, V., Cardaiolli, G., Gomez Isaza, L. F., Gorgoyannis, G., Liasis, N., Graf, M., Guarini, P., Hardy, S., Harris, P., Aston, S., Iosa, G., Katsamouris, A., Giannoukas, A., Krzanowski, M., Ladurner, G., Leal Monedero, J., Lee, B. B., Liapis, C., Galanis, P., Liboni, W., Pavanelli, E., Mannarino, E., Vaudo, G., Mccollum, P., Levison, R., Micieli, G., Bosone, D., Middleton, L., Pantziaris, M., Tyllis, T., Minar, E., Willfort, A., Moggi, L., Nenci, G., Radicchia, S., Norgren, L., Ribbe, E., Novo, S., Tantillo, R., Olinic, D., Paaske, W., Pagnan, A., Pauletto, P., Pagliara, V., Pettina, G., Pratesi, C., Matticari, S., Polivka, J., Sevcik, P., Poredos, P., Blinc, A., Videcnik, V., Pujia, A., Raso, A., Rispoli, P., Conforti, M., Robinson, T., Dennis, M. S. J., Rosfors, S., Rudofsky, G., Schroeder, T., Gronholdt, M. L., Finocchi, C., Rodriguez, G., Spartera, C., Ventura, M., Scarpelli, P., Sprynger, M., Sadzot, B., Hottermans, C., Moonen, M., Taylor, P. R., Tovar Pardo, A., Negreira, J., Vayssairat, M., Faintuch, J. M., Valaikiené, J., Walker, M. G., and Wilkinson, A. R.
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Male ,Time Factors ,Cost effectiveness ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Carotid Stenosi ,Predictive Value of Test ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,Carotid endarterectomy ,Retinal Disease ,Risk Factors ,80 and over ,Carotid Stenosis ,Plaque ,Atherosclerotic ,Ultrasonography ,Aged, 80 and over ,Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex ,Incidence ,Remission Induction ,Doppler ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,Plaque, Atherosclerotic ,Duplex ,Europe ,Stroke ,Predictive value of tests ,Disease Progression ,Cardiology ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Carotid Artery, Internal ,Human ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factor ,Victoria ,Prognosi ,Asymptomatic ,Retinal Diseases ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Clinical significance ,Aged ,Asymptomatic Disease ,business.industry ,Risk Factor ,medicine.disease ,Internal ,Confidence interval ,Surgery ,Stenosis ,Asymptomatic Diseases ,Relative risk ,asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis ,Carotid Artery ,business - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine baseline clinical and ultrasonographic plaque factors predictive of progression or regression of asymptomatic carotid stenosis and the predictive value of changes in stenosis severity on risk of first ipsilateral cerebral or retinal ischemic events (including stroke).METHODS: A total of 1121 patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis of 50% to 99% in relation to the bulb diameter (European Carotid Surgery Trial [ECST] method) underwent six monthly clinical assessments and carotid duplexes for up to 8 years (mean follow-up, 4 years). Progression or regression was considered present if there was a change of at least one grade higher or lower, respectively, persisting for at least two consecutive examinations.RESULTS: Regression occurred in 43 (3.8%), no change in 856 (76.4%), and progression in 222 (19.8%) patients. Younger age, high grades of stenosis, absence of discrete white areas in the plaque, and taking lipid lowering therapy were independent baseline predictors of increased incidence of regression. High serum creatinine, male gender, not taking lipid lowering therapy, low grades of stenosis, and increased plaque area were independent baseline predictors of progression. One hundred and thirty first ipsilateral cerebral or retinal ischemic events, including 59 strokes, occurred. Forty (67.8%) of the strokes occurred in patients whose stenosis was unchanged, 19 (32.2%) in those with progression, and zero in those with regression. For the entire cohort, the 8-year cumulative ipsilateral cerebral ischemic stroke rate was zero in patients with regression, 9% if the stenosis was unchanged, and 16% if there was progression (average annual stroke rates of 0%, 1.1%, and 2.0%, respectively; log-rank, P = .05; relative risk in patients with progression, 1.92; 95% confidence interval, 1.14-3.25). For patients with baseline stenosis 70% to 99% in relation to the distal internal carotid (North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial [NASCET] method), in the absence of progression (n = 349), the 8-year cumulative ipsilateral cerebral ischemic stroke rate was 12%. In the presence of progression (n = 77), it was 21% (average annual stroke rates of 1.5% and 2.6%, respectively; log-rank, P = .34). Only nine (30%) of the 30 strokes occurred in the progression group.CONCLUSIONS: Progressive asymptomatic carotid stenosis identified a subgroup with about twice the risk of ipsilateral stroke compared with those without progression. However, the clinical value of screening for progression simply for selecting patients for carotid procedures is limited because of the low frequency of progression and its relatively low associated stroke rate. The cost effectiveness of screening for change in stenosis severity to better direct current optimal medical treatment needs testing.
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- 2014
24. Silent embolic infarcts on computed tomography brain scans and risk of ipsilateral hemispheric events in patients with asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis
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Kakkos, S, Sabetai, M, Tegos, T, Stevens, J, Thomas, D, Griffin, M, Geroulakos, G, Nicolaides, A, Adovasio, R, Ziani, B, Alò, F, Cicilioni, C, Ambrosio, G, Andreev, A, Andreozzi, G, Verlato, F, Camporese, G, Arosio, E, Barkaukas, E, Barros D'Sa, A, Brannigan, P, Batchvarova, V, Dramov, A, Belardi, P, Novelli, G, Simoni, G, Bell, P, BIASI, GIORGIO MARIA, MINGAZZINI, PAOLO, Bornstein, N, Bouchier Hayes, D, Fitzgerald, P, Cairols, M, Cao, P, DeRango, P, Carboni, G, Geoffredo, C, Catalano, M, Chambers, B, Goetzmann, M, Dickinson, A, Clement, D, Bobelyn, M, Coccheri, S, Conti, E, Diamantopoulos, E, Andreadis, A, Dimakakos, P, Kotsis, T, Eikelboom, B, Entz, L, Ferrari Bardile, T, Salerno, M, Fernandes, J, Pedro, L, Fitzgerald, D, O'Shaunnersy, A, Fletcher, J, Forconi, S, Capelli, R, Bicchi, M, Arrigucci, S, Gallai, V, Cardaiolli, G, Gomez Isaza, L, Gorgoyannis, G, Liasis, N, Graf, M, Guarini, P, Hardy, S, Harris, P, Aston, S, Iosa, G, Katsamouris, A, Giannoukas, A, Krzanowski, M, Ladurner, G, Leal Monedero, J, Lee, B, Liapis, C, Galanis, P, Liboni, W, Pavanelli, E, Mannarino, E, Vaudo, G, McCollum, P, Levison, R, Micieli, G, Bosone, D, Middleton, L, Pantziaris, M, Tyllis, T, Minar, E, Willfort, A, Moggi, L, Nenci, G, Radicchia, S, Norgren, L, Ribbe, E, Novo, S, Tantillo, R, Olinic, D, Paaske, W, Pagnan, A, Pauletto, P, Pagliara, V, Pettina, G, Pratesi, C, Matticari, S, Polivka, J, Sevcik, P, Poredos, P, Blinc, A, Videcnik, V, Pujia, A, Raso, A, Rispoli, P, Conforti, M, Robinson, T, Dennis, M, Rosfors, S, Rudofsky, G, Finocchi, C, Rodriguez, G, Spartera, C, Ventura, M, Scarpelli, P, Sprynger, M, Sadzot, B, Hottermans, C, Moonenbj, n, Taylor, P, Tovar Pardo, A, Negreira, J, Vayssairat, M, Faintuch, J, Valaikiene, J, Walker, M, Wilkinson, A., Kakkos, S, Sabetai, M, Tegos, T, Stevens, J, Thomas, D, Griffin, M, Geroulakos, G, Nicolaides, A, Adovasio, R, Ziani, B, Alò, F, Cicilioni, C, Ambrosio, G, Andreev, A, Andreozzi, G, Verlato, F, Camporese, G, Arosio, E, Barkaukas, E, Barros D'Sa, A, Brannigan, P, Batchvarova, V, Dramov, A, Belardi, P, Novelli, G, Simoni, G, Bell, P, Biasi, G, Mingazzini, P, Bornstein, N, Bouchier Hayes, D, Fitzgerald, P, Cairols, M, Cao, P, Derango, P, Carboni, G, Geoffredo, C, Catalano, M, Chambers, B, Goetzmann, M, Dickinson, A, Clement, D, Bobelyn, M, Coccheri, S, Conti, E, Diamantopoulos, E, Andreadis, A, Dimakakos, P, Kotsis, T, Eikelboom, B, Entz, L, Ferrari Bardile, T, Salerno, M, Fernandes, J, Pedro, L, Fitzgerald, D, O'Shaunnersy, A, Fletcher, J, Forconi, S, Capelli, R, Bicchi, M, Arrigucci, S, Gallai, V, Cardaiolli, G, Gomez Isaza, L, Gorgoyannis, G, Liasis, N, Graf, M, Guarini, P, Hardy, S, Harris, P, Aston, S, Iosa, G, Katsamouris, A, Giannoukas, A, Krzanowski, M, Ladurner, G, Leal Monedero, J, Lee, B, Liapis, C, Galanis, P, Liboni, W, Pavanelli, E, Mannarino, E, Vaudo, G, Mccollum, P, Levison, R, Micieli, G, Bosone, D, Middleton, L, Pantziaris, M, Tyllis, T, Minar, E, Willfort, A, Moggi, L, Nenci, G, Radicchia, S, Norgren, L, Ribbe, E, Novo, S, Tantillo, R, Olinic, D, Paaske, W, Pagnan, A, Pauletto, P, Pagliara, V, Pettina, G, Pratesi, C, Matticari, S, Polivka, J, Sevcik, P, Poredos, P, Blinc, A, Videcnik, V, Pujia, A, Raso, A, Rispoli, P, Conforti, M, Robinson, T, Dennis, M, Rosfors, S, Rudofsky, G, Finocchi, C, Rodriguez, G, Spartera, C, Ventura, M, Scarpelli, P, Sprynger, M, Sadzot, B, Hottermans, C, Moonenbj, N, Taylor, P, Tovar Pardo, A, Negreira, J, Vayssairat, M, Faintuch, J, Valaikiene, J, Walker, M, and Wilkinson, A
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,medicine.medical_treatment ,internal carotid artery ,Carotid endarterectomy ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,brain embolism ,Asymptomatic ,Risk Assessment ,Central nervous system disease ,Duplex scanning ,Predictive Value of Tests ,MED/22 - CHIRURGIA VASCOLARE ,medicine ,Humans ,Carotid Stenosis ,brain infarction ,cardiovascular diseases ,Prospective Studies ,Stroke ,Aged ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex ,Cerebral infarction ,business.industry ,Amaurosis fugax ,Cerebral Infarction ,medicine.disease ,major clinical study ,neurologic disease ,Stenosis ,multicenter study ,Intracranial Embolism ,Ischemic Attack, Transient ,transient ischemic attack ,Disease Progression ,carotid artery obstruction ,Surgery ,Female ,Radiology ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Carotid Artery, Internal ,prospective study - Abstract
Udgivelsesdato: 2009-Apr OBJECTIVES: This study tested the hypothesis that silent embolic infarcts on computed tomography (CT) brain scans can predict ipsilateral neurologic hemispheric events and stroke in patients with asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis. METHODS: In a prospective multicenter natural history study, 821 patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis graded with duplex scanning who had CT brain scans were monitored every 6 months for a maximum of 8 years. Duplex scans were reported centrally, and stenosis was expressed as a percentage in relation to the normal distal internal carotid criteria used by the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trialists. CT brain scans were reported centrally by a neuroradiologist. In 146 patients (17.8%), 8 large cortical, 15 small cortical, 72 discrete subcortical, and 51 basal ganglia ipsilateral infarcts were present; these were considered likely to be embolic and were classified as such. Other infarct types, lacunes (n = 15), watershed (n = 9), and the presence of diffuse white matter changes (n = 95) were not considered to be embolic. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 44.6 months (range, 6 months-8 years), 102 ipsilateral hemispheric neurologic events (amaurosis fugax in 16, 38 transient ischemic attacks [TIAs], and 47 strokes) occurred, 138 patients died, and 24 were lost to follow-up. In 462 patients with 60% to 99% stenosis, the cumulative event-free rate at 8 years was 0.81 (2.4% annual event rate) when embolic infarcts were absent and 0.63 (4.6% annual event rate) when present (log-rank P = .032). In 359 patients with
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- 2008
25. The Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis and Risk of Stroke (ACSRS) study. Aims and results of quality control
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Nicolaides, A, Sabetai, M, Kakkos, SK, Dhanjil, S, Tegos, T, Stevens, JM, Thomas, DJ, Francis, S, Griffin, M, Geroulakos, G, Ioannidou, E, Kyriacou, E, ACSRS Study Group: Adovasio, R, Ziani, B, Alò, FP, Cicilioni, CG, Ambrosio, G, Andreev, A, Andreozzi, GM, Verlato, F, Camporese, G, Arosio, E, Barkauskas, E, Barros, D'Sa AA, Batchvarova, V, Dramov, A, Belardi, P, Novelli, GP, Simoni, G, Bell, P, Bornstein, NM, Bouchier Hayes, D, Fitzgerald, P, Cairols, MA, Cao, PG, DeRango, P, Carboni, GP, Geoffredo, C, Catalano, M, Chambers, B, Goetzmann, M, Dickinson, A, Clement, D, Bobelyn, M, Coccheri, S, Conti, E, Dimakakos, PB, Kotsis, T, Eikelboom, B, Entz, L, Ferrari Bardile, A, Aloi, T, Salerno, M, Fernandes e. Farnandes, J, Pedro, L, Fitzgerald, DE, O'Shaunnersy, A, Dooley, C, McMahon, N, Fletcher, J, Forconi, S, Cappeli, R, Bicchi, M, Arrigucci, S, Gallai, V, Cardaiolli, G, Kakkos, S, Gomez Isaza, LF, Gorgoyannis, G, Liasis, N, Graf, M, Guarini, P, Hardy, S, Harris, P, Aston, S, Iosa, G, Katsamouris, A, Giannoukas, A, Krazanowski, M, Ladurner, G, Leal Monedero, J, Lee, BB, Liapis, C, Galanis, P, Liboni, W, Pavanelli, E, Mannarino, E, Vaudo, G, McCollum, P, Levison, R, Micieli, G, Bosone, D, Middleton, L, Pantziaris, M, Tyllis, T, Minar, E, Willfort, A, Moggi, L, Nenci, G, Radicchia, S, Norgren, L, Ribbe, E, Novo, S, Tantillo, R, Olinic, D, Paaske, W, Pagnan, A, Pauletto, P, Pagliara, V, Pettina, G, Pratesi, C, Matticari, S, Polivka, J, Sevcik, P, Poredos, P, Blinc, A, Videcnik, V, Pujia, A, Raso, A, Rispoli, P, Conforti, M, Robinson, T, Dennis, MS, Rosfors, S, Carlström, C, Rudofsky, G, Schroeder, T, Gronholdt, ML, Finocchi, C, Rodriguez, G, Spartera, C, Ventura, M, Scarpelli, P, Sprynger, M, Sadzot, B, Hottermans, C, Moonen, G, Taylor, PR, Tovar Pardo, A, Negreira, J, Vayssairat, M, Valaikiené, J, Walker, MG, Wilkinson, AR, Barnett, HJ, Bernstein, EF, Moore, W, Standness, LE, Tsapogas, M, van Gijn, J., BIASI, GIORGIO MARIA, MINGAZZINI, PAOLO, Nicolaides, A, Sabetai, M, Kakkos, S, Dhanjil, S, Tegos, T, Stevens, J, Thomas, D, Francis, S, Griffin, M, Geroulakos, G, Ioannidou, E, Kyriacou, E, ACSRS Study Group: Adovasio, R, Ziani, B, Alò, F, Cicilioni, C, Ambrosio, G, Andreev, A, Andreozzi, G, Verlato, F, Camporese, G, Arosio, E, Barkauskas, E, Barros, D, Batchvarova, V, Dramov, A, Belardi, P, Novelli, G, Simoni, G, Bell, P, Biasi, G, Mingazzini, P, Bornstein, N, Bouchier Hayes, D, Fitzgerald, P, Cairols, M, Cao, P, Derango, P, Carboni, G, Geoffredo, C, Catalano, M, Chambers, B, Goetzmann, M, Dickinson, A, Clement, D, Bobelyn, M, Coccheri, S, Conti, E, Dimakakos, P, Kotsis, T, Eikelboom, B, Entz, L, Ferrari Bardile, A, Aloi, T, Salerno, M, Fernandes e. Farnandes, J, Pedro, L, Fitzgerald, D, O'Shaunnersy, A, Dooley, C, Mcmahon, N, Fletcher, J, Forconi, S, Cappeli, R, Bicchi, M, Arrigucci, S, Gallai, V, Cardaiolli, G, Gomez Isaza, L, Gorgoyannis, G, Liasis, N, Graf, M, Guarini, P, Hardy, S, Harris, P, Aston, S, Iosa, G, Katsamouris, A, Giannoukas, A, Krazanowski, M, Ladurner, G, Leal Monedero, J, Lee, B, Liapis, C, Galanis, P, Liboni, W, Pavanelli, E, Mannarino, E, Vaudo, G, Mccollum, P, Levison, R, Micieli, G, Bosone, D, Middleton, L, Pantziaris, M, Tyllis, T, Minar, E, Willfort, A, Moggi, L, Nenci, G, Radicchia, S, Norgren, L, Ribbe, E, Novo, S, Tantillo, R, Olinic, D, Paaske, W, Pagnan, A, Pauletto, P, Pagliara, V, Pettina, G, Pratesi, C, Matticari, S, Polivka, J, Sevcik, P, Poredos, P, Blinc, A, Videcnik, V, Pujia, A, Raso, A, Rispoli, P, Conforti, M, Robinson, T, Dennis, M, Rosfors, S, Carlström, C, Rudofsky, G, Schroeder, T, Gronholdt, M, Finocchi, C, Rodriguez, G, Spartera, C, Ventura, M, Scarpelli, P, Sprynger, M, Sadzot, B, Hottermans, C, Moonen, G, Taylor, P, Tovar Pardo, A, Negreira, J, Vayssairat, M, Valaikiené, J, Walker, M, Wilkinson, A, Barnett, H, Bernstein, E, Moore, W, Standness, L, Tsapogas, M, and van Gijn, J
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MED/22 - CHIRURGIA VASCOLARE ,Carotid artery stenosis, Carotid Endarterectomy, Echo Doppler, Risk of stroke - Abstract
AIM: The results of the Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study (ACAS) study have provided the first scientific evidence that in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis greater than 60% carotid endarterectomy reduces the risk of stroke from 2% to 1% per year. The implications are that approximately 20 operations need to be performed in order to prevent 1 stroke in 5 years. The aims of the Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis and Risk of Stroke (ACSRS) study are to identify a subgroup or subgroups at a risk for stroke higher than 4% and a group at a risk for stroke less than 1% per year using systemic and local risk factors (plaque characterization) in addition to the degree of stenosis. The aim of this paper is to present the protocol and the results of the quality control. METHODS: The ACSRS is a multicentre natural history study of patients with asymptomatic internal carotid diameter stenosis greater than 50% in relation to the bulb. The degree of stenosis is graded using multiple established ultrasonic duplex criteria. In addition, ultrasonic plaque characterization is performed and clinical risk factors and medications are recorded. Training is provided centrally. All carotid ultrasound examinations are recorded on video-tape which together with CT-brain scans and ECG are analysed at the coordinating centre with feedback information to partner centres. RESULTS: The video recordings and analysis of data centrally with feed back information have provided quality control with a significant improvement not only in the completion of data forms but also in the grading of internal carotid stenosis and plaque recordings using ultrasound. CONCLUSION: The high level of quality of data collected will add credibility to the results of the ACSRS study and may eventually promote the development of international standards of plaque imaging and characterization
- Published
- 2003
26. The size of juxtaluminal hypoechoic area in ultrasound images of asymptomatic carotid plaques predicts the occurrence of stroke
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Kakkos, Sk, Griffin, Mb, Nicolaides, An, Kyriacou, E, Sabetai, Mm, Tegos, T, Makris, Gc, Thomas, Dj, Geroulakos, G, Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis, Risk of Stroke Study Group, Adovasio, R, Ziani, B, Alò, F, Cicilioni, C, Ambrosio, G, Andreev, A, Andreozzi, G, Verlato, F, Camporese, G, Arosio, E, Barkauskas, E, Barros, A, Brannigan, P, Batchvarova, V, Dramov, A, Belardi, P, Novelli, G, Simoni, G, Bell, P, Biasi, G, Mingazzini, P, Bornstein, N, Bouchier Hayes, D, Fitzgerald, P, Cairols, M, Cao, P, Derango, P, Carboni, G, Geoffredo, C, Catalano, M, Chambers, B, Goetzmann, M, Dickinson, A, Clement, D, Bobelyn, M, Coccheri, S, Conti, E, Diamantopoulos, E, Andreadis, E, Dimakakos, P, Kotsis, T, Eikelboom, B, Entz, L, Ferrari Bardile, A, Aloi, T, Salerno, M, Fernandes, J, Pedro, L, Fitzgerald, D, O'Shaughnessy, A, Fletcher, J, Forconi, S, Cappeli, R, Bicchi, M, Arrigucci, S, Gallai, V, Cardaiolli, G, Kakkos, S, Gomez Isaza, L, Gorgoyannis, G, Liasis, N, Graf, M, Guarini, P, Hardy, S, Harris, P, Aston, S, Iosa, G, Katsamouris, A, Giannoukas, A, Krzanowski, M, Ladurner, G, Leal Monedero, J, Lee, B, Liapis, C, Galanis, P, Liboni, W, Pavanelli, E, Mannarino, E, Vaudo, G, Mccollum, P, Levison, R, Micieli, G, Bosone, D, Middleton, L, Pantziaris, M, Tyllis, T, Minar, E, Willfort, A, Moggi, L, Nenci, G, Radicchia, S, Nicolaides, A, Thomas, D, Norgren, L, Ribbe, E, Novo, S, Tantillo, R, Olinic, D, Paaske, W, Pagnan, A, Pauletto, P, Pagliara, V, Pettina, G, Pratesi, C, Matticari, S, Polivka, J, Sevcik, P, Poredos, P, Blinc, A, Videcnik, V, Pujia, A, Raso, A, Rispoli, Pietro, Conforti, M, Robinson, T, Dennis, M, Rosfors, S, Rudofsky, G, Schroeder, T, Gronholdt, M, Finocchi, C, Rodriguez, G, Spartera, C, Ventura, M, Scarpelli, P, Sprynger, M, Sadzot, B, Hottermans, C, Moonen, M, Taylor, P, Tovar Pardo, A, Negreira, J, Vayssairat, M, Faintuch, J, Valaikiené, J, Walker, M, Wilkinson, R., Stavros K., Kakko, Maura B., Griffin, Andrew N., Nicolaide, Efthyvoulos, Kyriacou, Michael M., Sabetai, Thomas, Tego, Gregory C., Makri, Dafydd J., Thoma, George, Geroulako, Asymptomatic Carotid, Stenosi, Risk of Stroke Study, Group, Adovasio, Roberto, Kakkos, SK, Griffin, MB, Nicolaides, AN, Kyriacou, E, Sabetai, MM, Tegos, T, Makris, GC, Thomas, DJ, Geroulakos, G, and Novo, s
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Asymptomatic carotid plaque ,Male ,Time Factors ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Carotid endarterectomy ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,Severity of Illness Index ,asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis ,hypoecoic area ,Stroke ,Risk Factors ,Carotid Stenosis ,Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color ,Prospective cohort study ,Aged, 80 and over ,Neovascularization, Pathologic ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,Plaque, Atherosclerotic ,Europe ,Ischemic Attack, Transient ,Predictive value of tests ,Female ,Radiology ,medicine.symptom ,juxtaluminal hypoechoic area, ultrasound images, asymptomatic carotid plaques, stroke ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Carotid Artery, Internal ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Asymptomatic ,Risk Assessment ,Brain ischemia ,Echography ,Predictive Value of Tests ,asymptomatic carotid artery stenosi ,medicine ,Humans ,cardiovascular diseases ,Aged ,Proportional Hazards Models ,business.industry ,Proportional hazards model ,medicine.disease ,Acoustic shadow ,Settore MED/11 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Cardiovascolare ,Stenosis ,ROC Curve ,Asymptomatic Diseases ,Linear Models ,Surgery ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that the size of a juxtaluminal black (hypoechoic) area (JBA) in ultrasound images of asymptomatic carotid artery plaques predicts future ipsilateral ischemic stroke. METHODS: A JBA was defined as an area of pixels with a grayscale value 10 mm(2) (P < .001). In a Cox model with ipsilateral ischemic events (amaurosis fugax, transient ischemic attack [TIA], or stroke) as the dependent variable, the JBA (8 mm(2)) was still significant after adjusting for other plaque features known to be associated with increased risk, including stenosis, grayscale median, presence of discrete white areas without acoustic shadowing indicating neovascularization, plaque area, and history of contralateral TIA or stroke. Plaque area and grayscale median were not significant. Using the significant variables (stenosis, discrete white areas without acoustic shadowing, JBA, and history of contralateral TIA or stroke), this model predicted the annual risk of stroke for each patient (range, 0.1%-10.0%). The average annual stroke risk was
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- 2013
27. Primary diffuse leptomeningeal gliomatosis: an autopsy case and review of the literature
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Somja, J., Melanie Boly, Sadzot, B., Moonen, G., and Deprez, M.
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Male ,Disease Progression ,Meningeal Neoplasms ,Brain ,Humans ,Autopsy ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial ,Aged - Abstract
We report a case of primary diffuse leptomeningeal gliomatosis (PDLG) in a 76-year-old male presenting with confusion, dysarthria, diplopia, lumbal pain and headaches of recent onset. Neurological examination revealed nuchal rigidity and bilateral sixth cranial nerve palsy. The cerebrospinal fluid showed a marked hyperproteinorachia (4711 mg/L) and mild cytorachia (5-10 leucocytes/mm3) with a few atypical lymphoid cells. On admission, brain CT scan and MRI demonstrated diffuse and nodular leptomeningeal contrast enhancement predominant at the skull base and several osteolytic lesions in the right parietal bone. Extensive serological studies for infectious, autoimmune or neoplastic diseases were negative. The work-up diagnosis was neurosarcoidosis or multiple meningeal and osseous metastases of an unknown primary cancer. Surgical biopsy of the right parietal bone lesion showed only fibrous tissue with no evidence of tumour or inflammation. The patient was treated with high dose corticosteroids but its neurological status progressively worsened and he died of aspiration pneumonia 35 days after admission. Post-mortem examination revealed a PDLG, a rare fatal tumour with about 60 cases reported. PDGL is characterized by the diffusion of neoplastic glial cells throughout the leptomeninges without evidence of a primary intra-parenchymal lesion. Recognition of this rare brain tumour is important as recent reports suggest that radiotherapy and chemotherapy can improve patient survival.
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- 2011
28. Silent embolic infarcts on computed tomography brain scans and risk of ipsilateral hemispheric events in patients with asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis
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Kakkos, Sk, Sabetai, M, Tegos, T, Stevens, J, Thomas, D, Griffin, M, Geroulakos, G, Nicolaides AN Adovasio, B, Ziani, B, Alò, Fp, Cicilioni, Cg, Ambrosio, G, Andreev, A, Andreozzi, Gm, Verlato, F, Camporese, G, Arosio, E, Barkauskas, E, Barros D'Sa AA, Brannigan, P, Batchvarova, V, Dramov, A, Belardi, P, Novelli, Gp, Simoni, G, Bell, P, Biasi, Gm, Mingazzini, P, Bornstein, Nm, Bouchier Hayes, D, Fitzgerald, P, Cairols, Ma, Cao, Pg, Derango, P, Catalano, M, Chambers, B, Goetzmann, M, Dickinson, A, Clement, D, Bobelyn, M, Coccheri, S, Conti, E, Diamantopoulos, E, Andreadis, Ea, Dimakakos, Pb, Kotsis, T, Eikelboom, B, Entz, L, Aloi Ferrari Bardile, T, Salerno, M, Fernandes J, Fernandes e., Pedro, L, Fitzgerald, De, O'Shaunnersy, A, Fletcher, J, Forconi, S, Cappeli, R, Bicchi, M, Arrigucci, S, Gallai, V, Cardaiolli, G, Kakkos, S, Gomez Isaza LF, Gorgoyannis, G, Liasis, N, Graf, M, Guarini, P, Hardy, S, Harris, P, Aston, S, Iosa, G, Katsamouris, A, Giannoukas, A, Krzanowski, M, Ladurner, G, Leal Monedero, J, Lee, Bb, Liapis, C, Galanis, P, Liboni, W, Pavanelli, E, Mannarino, E, Vaudo, G, Mccollum, P, Levison, R, Micieli, G, Bosone, D, Middleton, L, Pantziaris, M, Tyllis, T, Minar, E, Willfort, A, Moggi, L, Nenci, G, Radicchia, S, Nicolaides, A, Norgren, L, Ribbe, E, Novo, S, Tantillo, R, Olinic, D, Paaske, W, Pagnan, A, Pauletto, P, Pagliara, V, Pettina, G, Pratesi, C, Matticari, S, Polivka, J, Sevcik, P, Poredos, P, Blinc, A, Pujia, A, Raso, A, Rispoli, Pietro, Conforti, M, Robinson, T, Dennis, Ms, Rosfors, S, Rudofsky, G, Schroeder, T, Gronholdt, Ml, Finocchi, C, Rodriguez, G, Spartera, C, Ventura, M, Scarpelli, P, Sprynger, M, Sadzot, B, Hottermans, C, Taylor, Pr, Tovar Pardo, A, Negreira, J, Vayssairat, M, Faintuch, Jm, Valaikiené, J, Walker, Mg, Wilkinson, Ar, Barnett, Hj, Bernstein, Ef, Jones, Am, Moore, W, Myers, K, Strandness, De, Toole, J, Tsapogas, M, and van Gijn, J.
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- 2009
29. [Therapeutic armamentarium in neurology: the birth of a new era]
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Belachew S, Magis D, Lievens I, Ml, Cuvelier, Rikir E, Gaëtan Garraux, Hotermans C, Salmon E, Sadzot B, Cambron L, Maquet P, Poirrier R, and Moonen G
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Sleep Wake Disorders ,Epilepsy ,Multiple Sclerosis ,Migraine Disorders ,Humans ,Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ,Cluster Headache ,Parkinson Disease ,Nervous System Diseases - Abstract
The field of neurology was long infamous for a lack of therapeutic options. How many of you have once thought: "Neurologists don't cure the disease, they admire it". But those days have passed into history, and the field is now vibrant with new treatments and hope even for patients with the worst neurodegenerative diseases. We summarized in the present review the latest major advances in therapeutic principles and practice for some of the most frequent chronic neurological disorders such as headaches, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, dementias, Parkinson's disease, sleep/wake disturbances and peripheral neuropathies. We cannot cure or prevent, but we can now halt or control symptoms and disease progression to provide physical and psychological relief, and a better quality of life for patients who suffer from these otherwise devastating neurological conditions.
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- 2007
30. Comparison of levetiracetam and controlled-release carbamazepine in newly diagnosed epilepsy
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Brodie, M. J, Perucca, E, Ryvlin, P, Ben Menachem, E, Meencke, H. J, Van Landegem, W, Ossemann, M, Sadzot, B, Van Paesschen, W, Van Zandijcke, M, Hovorka, J, Marusic, P, Pazdera, L, Rektor, I, Stolcova, E, Tislerova, D, Kalviainen, R, Korpelainen, J, Peltola, J, Ranua, J, Geraud, G, Hirsch, E, Josien, E, Vercueil, L, Vespignani, H, Jeschke Rohrich, B, Keidel, M, Mattern, W, Ochs, G, Schmitz, B, Schumann, G, Balogh, A, Clemens, B, Czopf, J, Halasz, P, Rajna, P, Vecsei, L, Baruzzi, A, Beghi, A. E, Canevini, M. P, De Feo, M. R, Lamberti, P, Marciani, M. G, Marrosu, F, Mazza, Salvatore, Monaco, F, Mutani, R, Regesta, G, Zaccara, G, Drozdowski, W, Fryze, W, Jedrzejczak, J, Nowaki, P, Selmaj, K, Stelmasiak, Z, Wajgt, A, Bryer, A, Coetzee, C, Gardiner, J, Haug, P, Isaacs, M, Kelbe, C, Modi, G, Opperman, D, Shah, N, Wolberg, S, Arbizu, T, Forcadas, I, Macin Eiras, J. L, Martinez, M, Marti Masso, J. F, Molins, A, Serratosa, J. M, Borre, B, Kallen, K, Kumlien, E, Lindberger, M, Palm, R, Carpay, J. A, Sanders, E. A. C. M, Van Leusden, J. A, Vecht, C, Roberts, R. C, Smith, P, and Tidswell, P.
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business.industry ,levetiracetam ,oxcarbazepine ,Carbamazepine ,medicine.disease ,law.invention ,Epilepsy ,Settore MED/26 - NEUROLOGIA ,Tolerability ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Anesthesia ,Clinical endpoint ,Medicine ,epilepsy ,Neurology (clinical) ,Levetiracetam ,business ,Adverse effect ,Oxcarbazepine ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Objective: We report the results of a prospective study of the efficacy and tolerability of levetiracetam, a new antiepileptic drug with a unique mechanism of action, in comparison with controlled-release carbamazepine as first treatment in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Methods: Adults with ≥2 partial or generalized tonic–clonic seizures in the previous year were randomly assigned to levetiracetam (500 mg twice daily, n = 288) or controlled-release carbamazepine (200 mg twice daily, n = 291) in a multicenter, double-blind, noninferiority, parallel-group trial. If a seizure occurred within 26 weeks of stabilization, dosage was increased incrementally to a maximum of levetiracetam 1,500 mg twice daily or carbamazepine 600 mg twice daily. Patients achieving the primary endpoint (6-month seizure freedom) continued on treatment for a further 6-month maintenance period. Results: At per-protocol analysis, 73.0% (56.6%) of patients randomized to levetiracetam and 72.8% (58.5%) receiving controlled-release carbamazepine were seizure free at the last evaluated dose (adjusted absolute difference 0.2%, 95% CI −7.8% to 8.2%) for ≥6 months (1 year). Of all patients achieving 6-month (1-year) remission, 80.1% (86.0%) in the levetiracetam group and 85.4% (89.3%) in the carbamazepine group did so at the lowest dose level. Withdrawal rates for adverse events were 14.4% with levetiracetam and 19.2% with carbamazepine. Conclusions: Levetiracetam and controlled-release carbamazepine produced equivalent seizure freedom rates in newly diagnosed epilepsy at optimal dosing in a setting mimicking clinical practice. This trial has confirmed in a randomized, double-blind setting previously uncontrolled observations that most people with epilepsy will respond to their first-ever antiepileptic drug at low dosage.
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- 2007
31. Guidelines for recognition and treatment of the psychoses associated with epilepsy
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Tugendhaft, P, Ansseau, M, de Borchgrave, V, Delvaux, V, de Tourtchaninoff, M, Dubru, J M, Floris, M, Foulon, M, Grisar, T, Hmaimess, G, Legros, B, Mahieu, B, Ossemann, Michel, Sadzot, B, van Ruckevorsel, K, Verheulpen, D, UCL - SSS/IREC/MONT - Pôle Mont Godinne, and UCL - (MGD) Service de neurologie
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Epilepsy ,Psychotic Disorders ,mental disorders ,Practice Guidelines as Topic ,Humans ,Antipsychotic Agents - Abstract
Epilepsy and psychiatric diseases are frequent comorbidities. Psychoses in patients with epilepsy have special physiopathology and several clinical presentations and prognoses. Their treatments are also specific, according to the specific diagnosis. This paper represents the summary of a consensus meeting held in November 2003 by a Belgian French-speaking group of neurologists, neuropediatricians and psychiatrists and proposes guidelines for the recognition and treatment of those entities.
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- 2005
32. Severity of asymptomatic carotid stenosis and risk of ipsilateral hemispheric ischaemic events: results from the ACSRS study
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Adovasio, R, Ziani, B, Alò, Fp, Cicilioni, Cg, Ambrosio, G, Andreev, A, Andreozzi, Gm, Verlato, F, Camporese, G, Arosio, E, Barkauskas, E, Barros D'Sa AA, Brannigan, P, Batchvarova, V, Dramov, A, Belardi, P, Novelli, Gp, Simoni, G, Bell, P, Biasi, Gm, Mingazzini, P, Bornstein, Nm, Bouchier Hayes, D, Fitzgerald, P, Cairols, Ma, Cao, Pg, Derango, P, Carboni, Gp, Geoffredo, C, Catalono, M, Chambers, B, Goetzmann, M, Dickinson, A, Clement, D, Bobelyn, M, Coccheri, S, Conti, E, Diamantopoulos, E, Andreadis, Ea, Middleton, L, Pantziaris, M, Tyllis, T, Minar, E, Willfort, A, Moggi, L, Nenci, G, Radicchia, S, Nicolaides, A, Kakkos, S, Thomas, D, Norgren, L, Ribbe, E, Novo, S, Tantillo, R, Olinic, D, Paaske, W, Pagnan, A, Pauletto, P, Pagliara, V, Pettina, G, Pratesi, C, Matticari, S, Polivka, J, Sevcik, P, Poredos, P, Blinc, A, Videcnik, V, Pujia, A, Raso, A, Rispoli, Pietro, Conforti, M, Robinson, T, Dennis, Ms, Rosfos, S, Rudofsky, G, Schroeder, T, Gronholdt, Ml, Finocchi, C, Rodriguez, G, Dimakakos, Pb, Kotsis, T, Eikelboom, B, Entz, L, Ferrari, Bardile, Aloi, T, Salerno, M, Fernandes J, Fernandes e., Pedro, L, Fitzgerald, De, O'Shaunnersy, A, Fletcher, F, Forconi, S, Cappeli, R, Bicchi, M, Arrigucci, S, Gallai, V, Cardaiolli, G, Geroulakos, G, Gomez Isaza LF, Gorgoyannis, G, Liasis, N, Graf, M, Guarini, P, Hardy, S, Harris, P, Aston, S, Iosa, G, Katsamouris, A, Giannoukas, A, Krzanowski, M, Ladurner, G, Leal Monedero, J, Lee, Bb, Liapis, C, Galanis, P, Liboni, W, Pavanelli, E, Mannarino, E, Vaudo, G, Mccollum, P, Levison, R, Micieli, G, Bosone, D, Barnett, Hj, Bernstein, Ef, Jones, Am, Moore, W, Myers, K, Strandness, De, Toole, J, Tsapogas, M, van Gijn, J, Spartera, C, Ventura, M, Scarpelli, P, Sprynger, M, Sadzot, B, Hottermans, C, Moonen, Taylor, Pr, Tovar Pardo, A, Negreira, J, Vayssairat, M, Faintuch, Jm, Valaikiené, J, Walker, Mg, and Wilkinson, A. R.
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- 2005
33. PET and SPECT in Presurgical Evaluation of Epilepsy
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Sadzot, B., primary and Van Paesschen, W., additional
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34. Therapeutic issues in women with epilepsy
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Legros, B, Bottin, P, de Borchgrave, V, Delcourt, C, de Tourtchaninoff, M, Dubru, J M, Foulon, M, Ghariani, S, Grisar, T, Hotermans, C, Ossemann, Michel, Sadzot, B, Tugendhaft, P, Van Bogaert, P, van Rijckevorsel, K, Verheulpen, D, UCL - SSS/IREC/MONT - Pôle Mont Godinne, and UCL - (MGD) Service de neurologie
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Breast Feeding ,Epilepsy ,Fertility ,Pregnancy ,Humans ,Anticonvulsants ,Female ,Menopause - Abstract
Approximately 20% of people with epilepsy are of childbearing potential and about 3 to 5 births per thousand will be to women with epilepsy. Both epilepsy and antiepileptic drugs can cause specific problems in women and embryos (less than 8 weeks of gestational age) or foetuses (more than 8 weeks of gestational age). The aim of this paper is to discuss therapeutic issues for the management of women with epilepsy: initiation of antiepileptic therapy, contraception, pregnancy, breast feeding and menopause. Some fertility issues are also discussed.
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- 2003
35. Brain function in the vegetative state
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Laureys, S., Antoine, S., Melanie Boly, Elincx, S., Faymonville, M. -E, Berre, J., Sadzot, B., Ferring, M., Tiège, X., Bogaert, P., Hansen, I., Damas, P., Mavroudakis, N., Lambermont, B., Del Fiore, G., Aerts, J., Degueldre, C., Phillips, C., Franck, G., Vincent, J. -L, Lamy, M., Luxen, A., Moonen, G., Goldman, S., and Maquet, P.
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Positron emission tomography ,Consciousness ,Persistent Vegetative State -- physiopathology ,Thalamus -- pathology ,Cerebrovascular Circulation -- physiology ,Functional connectivity ,Neural Pathways -- pathology ,Thalamus ,Neural Pathways ,Cerebral Cortex -- physiopathology ,Humans ,Functional neuroimaging ,Thalamus -- physiopathology ,Neural Pathways -- radionuclide imaging ,Persistent Vegetative State -- pathology ,Brain metabolism cerebral blood flow ,Cerebral Cortex -- radionuclide imaging ,Cerebral Cortex ,Brain plasticity ,Vegetative state ,Neural Pathways -- physiopathology ,Thalamus -- radionuclide imaging ,Persistent Vegetative State ,Persistent Vegetative State -- radionuclide imaging ,Recovery of Function ,Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles ,Energy Metabolism -- physiology ,Cerebral Cortex -- pathology ,Consciousness -- physiology ,Cerebrovascular Circulation ,Energy Metabolism ,Recovery of Function -- physiology ,Tomography, Emission-Computed - Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) techniques represent a useful tool to better understand the residual brain function in vegetative state patients. It has been shown that overall cerebral metabolic rates for glucose are massively reduced in this condition. However, the recovery of consciousness from vegetative state is not always associated with substantial changes in global metabolism. This finding led us to hypothesize that some vegetative patients are unconscious not just because of a global loss of neuronal function, but rather due to an altered activity in some critical brain regions and to the abolished functional connections between them. We used voxel-based Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) approaches to characterize the functional neuroanatomy of the vegetative state. The most dysfunctional brain regions were bilateral frontal and parieto-temporal associative cortices. Despite the metabolic impairment, external stimulation still induced a significant neuronal activation (i.e. change in blood flow) in vegetative patients as shown by both auditory click stimuli and noxious somatosensory stimuli. However, this activation was limited to primary cortices and dissociated from higher-order associative cortices, thought to be necessary for conscious perception. Finally, we demonstrated that vegetative patients have impaired functional connections between distant cortical areas and between the thalami and the cortex and, more importantly, that recovery of consciousness is paralleled by a restoration of this cortico-thalamo-cortical interaction., Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
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- 2003
36. The Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis and Risk of Stroke (ACSRS) study. Aims and result of quality control
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Nicolaides, A. a. b. c., Sabetai, M. a., Kakkos, S. K. a., Dhanjil, S. a., Tegos, T. a., Stevens, J. M. d., Thomas, D. J. e., Francis, S. a., Griffin, M. a., Geroulakos, G. a. b., Ioannidou, E. c., Kyriacou, E. c. f., Paaske, W. g., Pagnan, A. h., Pauletto, P. i., Pagliara, V. i., Pettina, G. j., Pratesi, C. k., Matticari, S. k., Polivka, J. l., Sevcik, P. l., Poredos, P. m., Blinc, A. m., Videcnik, V. m., Pujia, A. n., Raso, A. o., Rispoli, Pietro, Conforti, M. o., Robinson, T. p., Dennis, M. S. J. p., Rosfors, S. q., Carlström, C. q., Rudofsky, G. r., Schroeder, T. s., Gronholdt, M. L. s., Simoni, G. t., Finocchi, C. t., Rodriguez, G. t., Spartera, C. u., Ventura, M. u., Scarpelli, P. u., Sprynger, M. v., Sadzot, B. v., Hottermans, C. v., Moonen, G. v., Taylor, P. R. w., Tovar, Pardo, A. x., Negreira, J. x., Vayssairat, M. y., Valaikiené, J. z., Walker, M. G., Aa, Wilkinson, and A. R., Ab
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Europe ,Quality Control ,Stroke ,Clinical Protocols ,Risk Factors ,Humans ,Carotid Stenosis ,Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color ,Carotid Artery, Internal - Abstract
The results of the Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study (ACAS) study have provided the first scientific evidence that in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis greater than 60% carotid endarterectomy reduces the risk of stroke from 2% to 1% per year. The implications are that approximately 20 operations need to be performed in order to prevent 1 stroke in 5 years. The aims of the Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis and Risk of Stroke (ACSRS) study are to identify a subgroup or subgroups at a risk for stroke higher than 4% and a group at a risk for stroke less than 1% per year using systemic and local risk factors (plaque characterization) in addition to the degree of stenosis. The aim of this paper is to present the protocol and the results of the quality control.The ACSRS is a multicentre natural history study of patients with asymptomatic internal carotid diameter stenosis greater than 50% in relation to the bulb. The degree of stenosis is graded using multiple established ultrasonic duplex criteria. In addition, ultrasonic plaque characterization is performed and clinical risk factors and medications are recorded. Training is provided centrally. All carotid ultrasound examinations are recorded on video-tape which together with CT-brain scans and ECG are analysed at the coordinating centre with feedback information to partner centres.The video recordings and analysis of data centrally with feed back information have provided quality control with a significant improvement not only in the completion of data forms but also in the grading of internal carotid stenosis and plaque recordings using ultrasound.The high level of quality of data collected will add credibility to the results of the ACSRS study and may eventually promote the development of international standards of plaque imaging and characterization.
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- 2003
37. Therapeutic strategies in the choice of antiepileptic drugs
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de Borchgrave, V, Delvaux, V, de Tourchaninoff, M, Dubru, J M, Ghariani, S, Grisar, Th, Legros, B, Ossemann, Michel, Sadzot, B, Tugendhaft, P, Van Bogaert, P, van Rijckevorsel, K, Groupe de travail des Centres Francophones de Reference de l'Epilepsie Refractaire, UCL - SSS/IREC/MONT - Pôle Mont Godinne, and UCL - (MGD) Service de neurologie
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Epilepsy ,Treatment Outcome ,Decision Trees ,Drug Resistance ,Infant, Newborn ,Humans ,Anticonvulsants ,Drug Interactions ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Drug Tolerance ,Child - Abstract
The choice of treatment of newly diagnosed epilepsy involves many factors such as age, sex, life style, general health and concomitant medication. The seizure type, syndrome, and the pharmacology, efficacy and safety of the antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) should also be considered. Some of the new AEDs appear to provide at least equivalent efficacy with better tolerability. Some of these drugs have the potential to become drugs of first choice in newly diagnosed epilepsy. At the present time, we also must consider the criteria of reimbursement of these drugs. In this paper, we try to describe common and practical strategies to start a treatment of newly diagnosed epilepsy.
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- 2002
38. Management Of Neurological Disorders C. M. Wiles
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Sadzot, B.
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- 1996
39. [Image of the month. A cerebral venous thrombosis]
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Gaëtan Garraux, Sadzot B, Flandroy P, and Moonen G
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Adult ,Diagnosis, Differential ,Venous Thrombosis ,Brain ,Humans ,Electroencephalography ,Female ,Intracranial Thrombosis ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging - Published
- 2001
40. Asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis and cerebrovascular risk stratification
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Nicolaides, A, Kakkos, S, Kyriacou, E, Griffin, M, Sabetai, M, Thomas, D, Tegos, T, Geroulakos, G, Labropoulos, N, Dor, C, Morris, T, Naylor, R, Abbott, A, Adovasio, R, Ziani, B, Alò, F, Cicilioni, C, Ambrosio, G, Andreev, A, Andreozzi, G, Verlato, F, Camporese, G, Arosio, E, Barkauskas, E, Barros D'Sa, A, Brannigan, P, Batchvarova, V, Dramov, A, Belardi, P, Novelli, G, Simoni, G, Bell, P, Biasi, G, Mingazzini, P, Bornstein, N, Bouchier Hayes, D, Fitzgerald, P, Cairols, M, Cao, P, Derango, P, Carboni, G, Geoffredo, C, Catalano, M, Chambers, B, Goetzmann, M, Dickinson, A, Clement, D, Bobelyn, M, Coccheri, S, Conti, E, Diamantopoulos, E, Andreadis, E, Dimakakos, P, Kotsis, T, Eikelboom, B, Entz, L, Ferrari Bardileah, N, Aloi, T, Salerno, M, Fernandes, J, Pedro, L, Fitzgerald, D, O'Shaunnersy, A, Fletcher, J, Forconi, S, Cappeli, R, Bicchi, M, Arrigucci, S, Gallai, V, Cardaiolli, G, Gomez Isaza, L, Gorgoyannis, G, Liasis, N, Graf, M, Guarini, P, Hardy, S, Harris, P, Aston, S, Iosa, G, Katsamouris, A, Giannoukas, A, Krzanowski, M, Ladurner, G, Leal Monedero, J, Lee, B, Liapis, C, Galanis, P, Liboni, W, Pavanelli, E, Mannarino, E, Vaudo, G, Mccollum, P, Levison, R, Micieli, G, Bosone, D, Middleton, L, Pantziaris, M, Tyllis, T, Minar, E, Willfort, A, Moggi, L, Nenci, G, Radicchia, S, Norgren, L, Ribbe, E, Novo, S, Tantillo, R, Olinic, D, Paaske, W, Pagnan, A, Pauletto, P, Pagliara, V, Pettina, G, Pratesi, C, Matticari, S, Polivka, J, Sevcik, P, Poredos, P, Blinc, A, Videcnik, V, Pujia, A, Raso, A, Rispoli, P, Conforti, M, Robinson, T, Dennis, M, Rosfors, S, Rudofsky, G, Schroeder, T, Gronholdt, M, Finocchi, C, Rodriguez, G, Spartera, C, Ventura, M, Scarpelli, P, Sprynger, M, Sadzot, B, Hottermans, C, Moonenbp, N, Taylor, P, Tovar Pardo, A, Negreira, J, Vayssairat, M, Faintuch, J, Valaikiené, J, Walker, M, Wilkinson, A, BIASI, GIORGIO MARIA, MINGAZZINI, PAOLO, DeRango, P, Ferrari Bardileah, n, McCollum, P, Moonenbp, n, Wilkinson, A., Nicolaides, A, Kakkos, S, Kyriacou, E, Griffin, M, Sabetai, M, Thomas, D, Tegos, T, Geroulakos, G, Labropoulos, N, Dor, C, Morris, T, Naylor, R, Abbott, A, Adovasio, R, Ziani, B, Alò, F, Cicilioni, C, Ambrosio, G, Andreev, A, Andreozzi, G, Verlato, F, Camporese, G, Arosio, E, Barkauskas, E, Barros D'Sa, A, Brannigan, P, Batchvarova, V, Dramov, A, Belardi, P, Novelli, G, Simoni, G, Bell, P, Biasi, G, Mingazzini, P, Bornstein, N, Bouchier Hayes, D, Fitzgerald, P, Cairols, M, Cao, P, Derango, P, Carboni, G, Geoffredo, C, Catalano, M, Chambers, B, Goetzmann, M, Dickinson, A, Clement, D, Bobelyn, M, Coccheri, S, Conti, E, Diamantopoulos, E, Andreadis, E, Dimakakos, P, Kotsis, T, Eikelboom, B, Entz, L, Ferrari Bardileah, N, Aloi, T, Salerno, M, Fernandes, J, Pedro, L, Fitzgerald, D, O'Shaunnersy, A, Fletcher, J, Forconi, S, Cappeli, R, Bicchi, M, Arrigucci, S, Gallai, V, Cardaiolli, G, Gomez Isaza, L, Gorgoyannis, G, Liasis, N, Graf, M, Guarini, P, Hardy, S, Harris, P, Aston, S, Iosa, G, Katsamouris, A, Giannoukas, A, Krzanowski, M, Ladurner, G, Leal Monedero, J, Lee, B, Liapis, C, Galanis, P, Liboni, W, Pavanelli, E, Mannarino, E, Vaudo, G, Mccollum, P, Levison, R, Micieli, G, Bosone, D, Middleton, L, Pantziaris, M, Tyllis, T, Minar, E, Willfort, A, Moggi, L, Nenci, G, Radicchia, S, Norgren, L, Ribbe, E, Novo, S, Tantillo, R, Olinic, D, Paaske, W, Pagnan, A, Pauletto, P, Pagliara, V, Pettina, G, Pratesi, C, Matticari, S, Polivka, J, Sevcik, P, Poredos, P, Blinc, A, Videcnik, V, Pujia, A, Raso, A, Rispoli, P, Conforti, M, Robinson, T, Dennis, M, Rosfors, S, Rudofsky, G, Schroeder, T, Gronholdt, M, Finocchi, C, Rodriguez, G, Spartera, C, Ventura, M, Scarpelli, P, Sprynger, M, Sadzot, B, Hottermans, C, Moonenbp, N, Taylor, P, Tovar Pardo, A, Negreira, J, Vayssairat, M, Faintuch, J, Valaikiené, J, Walker, M, Wilkinson, A, BIASI, GIORGIO MARIA, MINGAZZINI, PAOLO, DeRango, P, Ferrari Bardileah, n, McCollum, P, Moonenbp, n, and Wilkinson, A.
- Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the cerebrovascular risk stratification potential of baseline degree of stenosis, clinical features, and ultrasonic plaque characteristics in patients with asymptomatic internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. Methods: This was a prospective, multicenter, cohort study of patients undergoing medical intervention for vascular disease. Hazard ratios for ICA stenosis, clinical features, and plaque texture features associated with ipsilateral cerebrovascular or retinal ischemic (CORI) events were calculated using proportional hazards models. Results: A total of 1121 patients with 50% to 99% asymptomatic ICA stenosis in relation to the bulb (European Carotid Surgery Trial [ECST] method) were followed-up for 6 to 96 months (mean, 48). A total of 130 ipsilateral CORI events occurred. Severity of stenosis, age, systolic blood pressure, increased serum creatinine, smoking history of more than 10 pack-years, history of contralateral transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) or stroke, low grayscale median (GSM), increased plaque area, plaque types 1, 2, and 3, and the presence of discrete white areas (DWAs) without acoustic shadowing were associated with increased risk. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed for predicted risk versus observed CORI events as a measure of model validity. The areas under the ROC curves for a model of stenosis alone, a model of stenosis combined with clinical features and a model of stenosis combined with clinical, and plaque features were 0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.54-0.64), 0.66 (0.62-0.72), and 0.82 (0.78-0.86), respectively. In the last model, stenosis, history of contralateral TIAs or stroke, GSM, plaque area, and DWAs were independent predictors of ipsilateral CORI events. Combinations of these could stratify patients into different levels of risk for ipsilateral CORI and stroke, with predicted risk close to observed risk. Of the 923 patients with <70% stenos
- Published
- 2010
41. Silent embolic infarcts on computed tomography brain scans and risk of ipsilateral hemispheric events in patients with asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis
- Author
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Kakkos, S, Sabetai, M, Tegos, T, Stevens, J, Thomas, D, Griffin, M, Geroulakos, G, Nicolaides, A, Adovasio, R, Ziani, B, Alò, F, Cicilioni, C, Ambrosio, G, Andreev, A, Andreozzi, G, Verlato, F, Camporese, G, Arosio, E, Barkaukas, E, Barros D'Sa, A, Brannigan, P, Batchvarova, V, Dramov, A, Belardi, P, Novelli, G, Simoni, G, Bell, P, Biasi, G, Mingazzini, P, Bornstein, N, Bouchier Hayes, D, Fitzgerald, P, Cairols, M, Cao, P, Derango, P, Carboni, G, Geoffredo, C, Catalano, M, Chambers, B, Goetzmann, M, Dickinson, A, Clement, D, Bobelyn, M, Coccheri, S, Conti, E, Diamantopoulos, E, Andreadis, A, Dimakakos, P, Kotsis, T, Eikelboom, B, Entz, L, Ferrari Bardile, T, Salerno, M, Fernandes, J, Pedro, L, Fitzgerald, D, O'Shaunnersy, A, Fletcher, J, Forconi, S, Capelli, R, Bicchi, M, Arrigucci, S, Gallai, V, Cardaiolli, G, Gomez Isaza, L, Gorgoyannis, G, Liasis, N, Graf, M, Guarini, P, Hardy, S, Harris, P, Aston, S, Iosa, G, Katsamouris, A, Giannoukas, A, Krzanowski, M, Ladurner, G, Leal Monedero, J, Lee, B, Liapis, C, Galanis, P, Liboni, W, Pavanelli, E, Mannarino, E, Vaudo, G, Mccollum, P, Levison, R, Micieli, G, Bosone, D, Middleton, L, Pantziaris, M, Tyllis, T, Minar, E, Willfort, A, Moggi, L, Nenci, G, Radicchia, S, Norgren, L, Ribbe, E, Novo, S, Tantillo, R, Olinic, D, Paaske, W, Pagnan, A, Pauletto, P, Pagliara, V, Pettina, G, Pratesi, C, Matticari, S, Polivka, J, Sevcik, P, Poredos, P, Blinc, A, Videcnik, V, Pujia, A, Raso, A, Rispoli, P, Conforti, M, Robinson, T, Dennis, M, Rosfors, S, Rudofsky, G, Finocchi, C, Rodriguez, G, Spartera, C, Ventura, M, Scarpelli, P, Sprynger, M, Sadzot, B, Hottermans, C, Moonenbj, N, Taylor, P, Tovar Pardo, A, Negreira, J, Vayssairat, M, Faintuch, J, Valaikiene, J, Walker, M, Wilkinson, A, BIASI, GIORGIO MARIA, MINGAZZINI, PAOLO, DeRango, P, McCollum, P, Moonenbj, n, Wilkinson, A., Kakkos, S, Sabetai, M, Tegos, T, Stevens, J, Thomas, D, Griffin, M, Geroulakos, G, Nicolaides, A, Adovasio, R, Ziani, B, Alò, F, Cicilioni, C, Ambrosio, G, Andreev, A, Andreozzi, G, Verlato, F, Camporese, G, Arosio, E, Barkaukas, E, Barros D'Sa, A, Brannigan, P, Batchvarova, V, Dramov, A, Belardi, P, Novelli, G, Simoni, G, Bell, P, Biasi, G, Mingazzini, P, Bornstein, N, Bouchier Hayes, D, Fitzgerald, P, Cairols, M, Cao, P, Derango, P, Carboni, G, Geoffredo, C, Catalano, M, Chambers, B, Goetzmann, M, Dickinson, A, Clement, D, Bobelyn, M, Coccheri, S, Conti, E, Diamantopoulos, E, Andreadis, A, Dimakakos, P, Kotsis, T, Eikelboom, B, Entz, L, Ferrari Bardile, T, Salerno, M, Fernandes, J, Pedro, L, Fitzgerald, D, O'Shaunnersy, A, Fletcher, J, Forconi, S, Capelli, R, Bicchi, M, Arrigucci, S, Gallai, V, Cardaiolli, G, Gomez Isaza, L, Gorgoyannis, G, Liasis, N, Graf, M, Guarini, P, Hardy, S, Harris, P, Aston, S, Iosa, G, Katsamouris, A, Giannoukas, A, Krzanowski, M, Ladurner, G, Leal Monedero, J, Lee, B, Liapis, C, Galanis, P, Liboni, W, Pavanelli, E, Mannarino, E, Vaudo, G, Mccollum, P, Levison, R, Micieli, G, Bosone, D, Middleton, L, Pantziaris, M, Tyllis, T, Minar, E, Willfort, A, Moggi, L, Nenci, G, Radicchia, S, Norgren, L, Ribbe, E, Novo, S, Tantillo, R, Olinic, D, Paaske, W, Pagnan, A, Pauletto, P, Pagliara, V, Pettina, G, Pratesi, C, Matticari, S, Polivka, J, Sevcik, P, Poredos, P, Blinc, A, Videcnik, V, Pujia, A, Raso, A, Rispoli, P, Conforti, M, Robinson, T, Dennis, M, Rosfors, S, Rudofsky, G, Finocchi, C, Rodriguez, G, Spartera, C, Ventura, M, Scarpelli, P, Sprynger, M, Sadzot, B, Hottermans, C, Moonenbj, N, Taylor, P, Tovar Pardo, A, Negreira, J, Vayssairat, M, Faintuch, J, Valaikiene, J, Walker, M, Wilkinson, A, BIASI, GIORGIO MARIA, MINGAZZINI, PAOLO, DeRango, P, McCollum, P, Moonenbj, n, and Wilkinson, A.
- Abstract
Objectives: This study tested the hypothesis that silerit embolic infarcts on computed tomography (CT) brain scans can predict ipsilateral neurologic hemispheric events and stroke in patients with asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis. Methods: In a prospective multicenter natural history study, 821 patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis graded with duplex scanning who had CT brain scans were monitored every 6 months for a maximum of 8 years. Duplex scans were reported centrally, and stenosis was expressed as a percentage in relation to the normal distal internal carotid criteria used by the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trialists. CT brain scans were reported centrally by a neuroradiologist. In 146 patients (17.8%), 8 large cortical, 15 small cortical, 72 discrete subcortical, and 51 basal ganglia ipsilateral infarcts were present; these were considered likely to be embolic and were classified as such. Other infarct types, lacunes (n = 15), watershed (n = 9), and the presence of diffuse white matter changes (n = 95) were not considered to be embolic. Results: During a mean follow-up of 44.6 months (range, 6 months-8 years), 102 ipsilateral hemispheric neurologic events (amaurosis fugax in 16, 38 transient ischemic attacks [TIAs], and 47 strokes) occurred, 138 patients died, and 24 were lost to follow-up. In 462 patients with 60% to 99% stenosis, the cumulative event-free rate at 8 years was 0.81 (2.4% annual event rate) when embolic infarcts were absent and 0.63 (4.6% annual event rate) when present (log-rank P = .032). In 359 patients with <60% stenosis, embolic infarcts were not associated with increased risk (log-rank P = .65). In patients with 60% to 99% stenosis, the cumulative stroke-free rate was 0.92 (1.0% annual stroke rate) when embolic infarcts were absent and 0.71 (3.6% annual stroke rate) when present (log-rank P = .002). In the subgroup of 216 with moderate 60% to 79% stenosis, the cumulative TIA or stroke-free rate
- Published
- 2009
42. Vagus nerve stimulation for refractory epilepsy: a Belgian multicenter study.
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De Herdt, Veerle, Boon, P, Ceulemans, Berten, Hauman, Henri, Lagae, Lieven, Legros, Benjamin, Sadzot, B., Van Bogaert, Patrick, van Rijckevorsel, Kenou, Verhelst, Helene, Vonck, K, De Herdt, Veerle, Boon, P, Ceulemans, Berten, Hauman, Henri, Lagae, Lieven, Legros, Benjamin, Sadzot, B., Van Bogaert, Patrick, van Rijckevorsel, Kenou, Verhelst, Helene, and Vonck, K
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a symptomatic add-on treatment for patients with medically refractory epilepsy. It consists of continuous electrical stimulation of the left vagus nerve by means of a helical electrode and an implantable, programmable pulse generator. Currently, over 50,000 patients are treated with VNS worldwide. AIM: This uncontrolled, open-label retrospective study evaluates long-term outcome in patients treated with VNS for refractory epilepsy in seven different epilepsy centres in Belgium. METHODS: For the purpose of this study, a minimum of essential inclusion criteria were defined to collect relevant data. This limited the results to basic findings with regards to efficacy on the long term. Inclusion criteria were a follow-up of at least 12 months and a documented seizure diary before implantation and at maximum follow-up. Primary outcome measures were the reduction in mean monthly seizure frequency and the percentage of patients with a seizure reduction of at least 50% (responder rate). RESULTS: About 138 patients (67M/71F) had a mean age of 30 years (range 4-59) at time of implantation and a mean post-implantation follow-up of 44 months (range 12-120). The mean number of AEDs before implantation was 3 (range 1-5). About 117/138 patients had focal epilepsy, 21 patients had symptomatic generalised epilepsy. About 117/138 patients were older than 16 years, 21 patients were 16 or younger. At maximum follow-up, mean stimulation output current was 1.84mA (range 0-3.25). Mean number of AEDs at maximum follow-up remained unchanged. The overall reduction in mean monthly seizure frequency was 51%. Mean seizure frequency before implantation was 41 seizures/month (SD=61; range 1-300), mean seizure frequency after implantation at maximum follow-up was 7 seizures/month (SD=25; range 0-120). Responder rate was 59%. 13% of patients had a seizure frequency decrease between 30% and 50%. About 28% had a seizure frequency decrease of<30%. Seizure, Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
- Published
- 2007
43. Opinion of Belgian neurologists on antiepileptic drugs: Belgian Study on Epilepsy Treatment (BESET).
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UCL - MD/NOPS - Département de neurologie et de psychiatrie, UCL - (SLuc) Service de neurologie, Legros, B, Boon, P, Dejonghe, P, Sadzot, B, Van Rijckevorsel, Germaine, Schmedding, E, UCL - MD/NOPS - Département de neurologie et de psychiatrie, UCL - (SLuc) Service de neurologie, Legros, B, Boon, P, Dejonghe, P, Sadzot, B, Van Rijckevorsel, Germaine, and Schmedding, E
- Abstract
To describe the choice of treatment in adult patients with epilepsy in Belgium, to detect the presence or absence of consensus among neurologists in epilepsy treatment, and to analyze the gaps between current guidelines and prescriptions. Hundred Belgian neurologists were systematically interviewed between May and June 2003 using a structured questionnaire (modified Rand method). Initial monotherapy was the preferred treatment strategy. Valproate was the first choice in idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) and carbamazepine in focal epilepsy (FE). The new antiepileptic drugs (AED) were usually recommended in second-line. However, in special treatment situations, they were considered first-line, e.g., lamotrigine in case of women of childbearing age. Neurologists reached consensus for most questions on epilepsy treatment. In 2003, monotherapy with valproate and carbamazepine was the common treatment strategy in Belgium, whereas lamotrigine and to a lesser extent levetiracetam, topiramate, and oxcarbazepine were predominantly prescribed in second-line. This is in agreement with the recently published UK epilepsy guidelines but not in agreement, however, with the US guidelines, that for new onset epilepsy, new and old drugs are equally effective. Belgian neurologists, except for some special situations still prefer old drugs as first line.
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- 2007
44. Guidelines for the management of epilepsy in the elderly.
- Author
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UCL - (SLuc) Service de neurologie, UCL - (MGD) Service de neurologie, UCL - MD/NOPS - Département de neurologie et de psychiatrie, UCL - MD/FSIO - Département de physiologie et pharmacologie, UCL - (SLuc) Centre neurologique William Lennox, UCL - (SLuc) Centre de référence pour l'épilepsie réfractaire, Ossemann, Michel, Bruls, E, de Borchgrave, V, Decock, Cony, Delcourt, C, Delvaux, V., Depondt, C, de Tourtchaninoff, Marianne, Grisar, T, Legros, B., Liénard, Françoise, Lievens, I, Sadzot, B, Van Rijckevorsel, Germaine, UCL - (SLuc) Service de neurologie, UCL - (MGD) Service de neurologie, UCL - MD/NOPS - Département de neurologie et de psychiatrie, UCL - MD/FSIO - Département de physiologie et pharmacologie, UCL - (SLuc) Centre neurologique William Lennox, UCL - (SLuc) Centre de référence pour l'épilepsie réfractaire, Ossemann, Michel, Bruls, E, de Borchgrave, V, Decock, Cony, Delcourt, C, Delvaux, V., Depondt, C, de Tourtchaninoff, Marianne, Grisar, T, Legros, B., Liénard, Françoise, Lievens, I, Sadzot, B, and Van Rijckevorsel, Germaine
- Abstract
Seizures starting in patients over 60 years old are frequent. Diagnosis is sometimes difficult and frequently under- or overrated. Cerebrovascular disorders are the main cause of a first seizure. Because of more frequent comorbidities, physiologic changes, and a higher sensitivity to drugs, treatment has some specificity in elderly people. The aim of this paper is to present the result of a consensus meeting held in October 2004 by a Belgian French-speaking group of epileptologists and to propose guidelines for the management and the treatment of epilepsy in elderly people.
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- 2006
45. Guidelines for the management of epilepsy in the elderly.
- Author
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Ossemann, M, Bruls, E, de Borchgrave d'Alténa, Valérie, De Cock, C, Delcourt, C, Delvaux, V, Depondt, Chantal, De Tourtchaninoff, Marianne, Grisar, T, Legros, Benjamin, Liénard, F, Lievens, I, Sadzot, B., van Rijckevorsel, Kenou, Groupe de travail des Centres francophones de référence de I'epilepsie réfractaire, Ossemann, M, Bruls, E, de Borchgrave d'Alténa, Valérie, De Cock, C, Delcourt, C, Delvaux, V, Depondt, Chantal, De Tourtchaninoff, Marianne, Grisar, T, Legros, Benjamin, Liénard, F, Lievens, I, Sadzot, B., van Rijckevorsel, Kenou, and Groupe de travail des Centres francophones de référence de I'epilepsie réfractaire
- Abstract
Seizures starting in patients over 60 years old are frequent. Diagnosis is sometimes difficult and frequently under- or overrated. Cerebrovascular disorders are the main cause of a first seizure. Because of more frequent comorbidities, physiologic changes, and a higher sensitivity to drugs, treatment has some specificity in elderly people. The aim of this paper is to present the result of a consensus meeting held in October 2004 by a Belgian French-speaking group of epileptologists and to propose guidelines for the management and the treatment of epilepsy in elderly people., Journal Article, Practice Guideline, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
- Published
- 2006
46. Long-term follow up of glatiramer acetate compassionate use in Belgium.
- Author
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UCL - MD/NOPS - Département de neurologie et de psychiatrie, UCL - (SLuc) Service de neurologie, Sindic, Christian, Seeldrayers, P, Vande Gaer, L, De Smet, E, Nagels, G, De Deyn, P P, Medaer, R., Guillaume, D, D'Hooghe, Marie B., Deville, M C, Decoo, D, Sadzot, B, Van Landegem, W., Strauven, T., Pepin, J, Merckx, H, Caekebeke, J., van der Tool, M A, UCL - MD/NOPS - Département de neurologie et de psychiatrie, UCL - (SLuc) Service de neurologie, Sindic, Christian, Seeldrayers, P, Vande Gaer, L, De Smet, E, Nagels, G, De Deyn, P P, Medaer, R., Guillaume, D, D'Hooghe, Marie B., Deville, M C, Decoo, D, Sadzot, B, Van Landegem, W., Strauven, T., Pepin, J, Merckx, H, Caekebeke, J., and van der Tool, M A
- Abstract
Between June 1995 and November 1998, 228 patients with relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis started treatment with glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) 20 mg once daily in the frame of a "compassionate use" protocol in 15 Belgian centers. Following an average treatment period of 5.8 years, treating neurologists were requested to fill in follow-up forms indicating neurological disability status and side effects during the previous 6 months. These data were available for 134 patients. In this group, the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) improved in 26.3% of patients. An additional 36.8% of patients remained neurologically stable. The Ambulation Index (AI) showed similar results: 12.5% of patients improved, 50% of patients remained stable, and 37.5% worsened. Only 10% of patients dropped out due to several reasons. The adverse events occurring in the period preceding the follow-up survey were non-serious and consistent with the current product information of glatiramer acetate. Among the 94 patients no longer followed-up in the compassionate program, reasons for lost to follow-up were obtained for 63; most of them (41) had stopped GA treatment or switched to another disease-modifying treatment. Overall these results are very similar to the ones reported in the extension study of the pivotal trial (Johnson et al., 2000), and indicate that patients treated with glatiramer acetate have a better outcome than expected on the basis of the natural course of the disease. Despite limitations of the study design, this report confirms the sustained efficacy of glatiramer acetate in reducing the disease progression in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis treated in day-to-day clinical practice.
- Published
- 2005
47. Prophylaxis of the epilepsies: should anti-epileptic drugs be used for preventing seizures after acute brain injury?
- Author
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Grisar, T, Bottin, P, de Borchgrave d'Alténa, Valérie, Brichart, C, Delcourt, C, Dubru, J M, Foulon, Martine, Ghariani, S, Hotermans, Christophe, Legros, Benjamin, Ossemann, M, Sadzot, B., Tugendhaft, P, Van Bogaert, Patrick, van Rijckevorsel, Kenou, Verheulpen, Denis, Grisar, T, Bottin, P, de Borchgrave d'Alténa, Valérie, Brichart, C, Delcourt, C, Dubru, J M, Foulon, Martine, Ghariani, S, Hotermans, Christophe, Legros, Benjamin, Ossemann, M, Sadzot, B., Tugendhaft, P, Van Bogaert, Patrick, van Rijckevorsel, Kenou, and Verheulpen, Denis
- Abstract
In many circumstances antiepileptic drugs are used in patients who have never presented any clinical epileptic seizures. These substances are administered on the assumption of a potential risk for the patients of developing acute or delayed chronic seizures after brain injuries such as trauma, stroke, hemorrages or even neurosurgical interventions. The aim of this paper is to propose therapeutic guidelines for the management of this prophylactic attitude in epilepsy based on basic research and clinical practice in the French community in Belgium. We will distinguish between the prevention of acute (early onset-provoked) seizures and a delayed truly post-lesional (unprovoked) epilepsy. Some therapeutic goals can be achieved under the former circumstances whereas in the latter situation we all agree for the absence of any coherent antiepileptic prophylactic behaviour., Consensus Development Conference, Journal Article, Review, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
- Published
- 2005
48. Prophylaxis of the epilepsies: should anti-epileptic drugs be used for preventing seizures after acute brain injury?
- Author
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UCL - SSS/IREC/MONT - Pôle Mont Godinne, UCL - (MGD) Service de neurologie, Grisar, T, Bottin, P, de Borchgrave d'Alténa, V, Brichart, C, Delcourt, C, Dubru, J M, Foulon, M, Ghariani, S, Hotermans, C, Legros, B, Ossemann, Michel, Sadzot, B, Tugendhaft, P, Van Bogaert, P, van Rijckevorsel, K, Verheulpen, D, UCL - SSS/IREC/MONT - Pôle Mont Godinne, UCL - (MGD) Service de neurologie, Grisar, T, Bottin, P, de Borchgrave d'Alténa, V, Brichart, C, Delcourt, C, Dubru, J M, Foulon, M, Ghariani, S, Hotermans, C, Legros, B, Ossemann, Michel, Sadzot, B, Tugendhaft, P, Van Bogaert, P, van Rijckevorsel, K, and Verheulpen, D
- Abstract
In many circumstances antiepileptic drugs are used in patients who have never presented any clinical epileptic seizures. These substances are administered on the assumption of a potential risk for the patients of developing acute or delayed chronic seizures after brain injuries such as trauma, stroke, hemorrages or even neurosurgical interventions. The aim of this paper is to propose therapeutic guidelines for the management of this prophylactic attitude in epilepsy based on basic research and clinical practice in the French community in Belgium. We will distinguish between the prevention of acute (early onset-provoked) seizures and a delayed truly post-lesional (unprovoked) epilepsy. Some therapeutic goals can be achieved under the former circumstances whereas in the latter situation we all agree for the absence of any coherent antiepileptic prophylactic behaviour.
- Published
- 2005
49. Guidelines for recognition and treatment of the psychoses associated with epilepsy.
- Author
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UCL - SSS/IREC/MONT - Pôle Mont Godinne, UCL - (MGD) Service de neurologie, Tugendhaft, P, Ansseau, M, de Borchgrave, V, Delvaux, V, de Tourtchaninoff, M, Dubru, J M, Floris, M, Foulon, M, Grisar, T, Hmaimess, G, Legros, B, Mahieu, B, Ossemann, Michel, Sadzot, B, van Ruckevorsel, K, Verheulpen, D, UCL - SSS/IREC/MONT - Pôle Mont Godinne, UCL - (MGD) Service de neurologie, Tugendhaft, P, Ansseau, M, de Borchgrave, V, Delvaux, V, de Tourtchaninoff, M, Dubru, J M, Floris, M, Foulon, M, Grisar, T, Hmaimess, G, Legros, B, Mahieu, B, Ossemann, Michel, Sadzot, B, van Ruckevorsel, K, and Verheulpen, D
- Abstract
Epilepsy and psychiatric diseases are frequent comorbidities. Psychoses in patients with epilepsy have special physiopathology and several clinical presentations and prognoses. Their treatments are also specific, according to the specific diagnosis. This paper represents the summary of a consensus meeting held in November 2003 by a Belgian French-speaking group of neurologists, neuropediatricians and psychiatrists and proposes guidelines for the recognition and treatment of those entities.
- Published
- 2005
50. Effect of image normalization on carotid plaque classification and the risk of ipsilateral hemispheric ischemic events: Results from the Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis and Risk of Stroke study
- Author
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Nicolaides, A, Kakkos, S, Griffin, M, Sabetai, M, Dhanjil, S, Thomas, D, Geroulakos, G, Georgiou, N, Francis, S, Ioannidou, E, Doré, C, Asymptomatic Carotid, S, Risk of Stroke Study Group: Adovasio, R, Ziani, B, Alò, F, Cicilioni, C, Ambrosio, G, Andreev, A, Andreozzi, G, Verlato, F, Camporese, G, Arosio, E, Barkauskas, E, Barros, D, Brannigan, P, Batchvarova, V, Dramov, A, Belardi, P, Novelli, G, Simoni, G, Bell, P, Biasi, G, Mingazzini, P, Bornstein, N, Bouchier Hayes, D, Fitzgerald, P, Cairols, M, Cao, P, Derango, P, Carboni, G, Geoffredo, C, Catalano, M, Chambers, B, Goetzmann, M, Dickinson, A, Clement, D, Bobelyn, M, Coccheri, S, Conti, E, Diamantopoulos, E, Andreadis, E, Dimakakos, P, Kotsis, T, Eikelboom, B, Entz, L, Ferrari, B, Aloi, T, Salerno, M, Fernandes e. Fernandes, J, Pedro, L, Fitzgerald, D, O'Shaunnersy, A, Fletcher, J, Forconi, S, Cappeli, R, Bicchi, M, Arrigucci, S, Gallai, V, Cardaiolli, G, Gomez Isaza, L, Gorgoyannis, G, Liasis, N, Graf, M, Guarini, P, Hardy, S, Harris, P, Aston, S, Iosa, G, Katsamouris, A, Giannoukas, A, Krzanowski, M, Ladurner, G, Leal Monedero, J, Lee, B, Liapis, C, Galanis, P, Liboni, W, Pavanelli, E, Mannarino, E, Vaudo, G, Mccollum, P, Levison, R, Micieli, G, Bosone, D, Middleton, L, Pantziaris, M, Tyllis, T, Minar, E, Willfort, A, Moggi, L, Nenci, G, Radicchia, S, Norgren, L, Ribbe, E, Novo, S, Tantillo, R, Olinic, D, Paaske, W, Pagnan, A, Pauletto, P, Pagliara, V, Pettina, G, Pratesi, C, Matticari, S, Polivka, J, Sevcik, P, Poredos, P, Blinc, A, Videcnik, V, Pujia, A, Raso, A, Rispoli, P, Conforti, M, Robinson, T, Dennis, M, Rosfors, S, Rudofsky, G, Schroeder, T, Gronholdt, M, Finocchi, C, Rodriguez, G, Spartera, C, Ventura, M, Scarpelli, P, Sprynger, M, Sadzot, B, Hottermans, C, Moonen, Taylor, P, Tovar Pardo, A, Negreira, J, Vayssairat, M, Faintuch, J, Valaikiené, J, Walker, M, Wilkinson, A, Nicolaides, AN, Kakkos, SK, Thomas, DJ, Doré, CJ, Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis, Alò, FP, Cicilioni, CG, Andreozzi, GM, Barros, D'Sa AA, Novelli, GP, Bornstein, NM, Cairols, MA, Cao, PG, DeRango, P, Carboni, GP, Andreadis, EA, Dimakakos, PB, Ferrari Bardile, Fitzgerald, DE, Gomez Isaza, LF, Lee, BB, McCollum, P, Dennis, MS, Gronholdt, ML, Taylor, PR, Faintuch, JM, Walker, MG, Wilkinson, AR, BIASI, GIORGIO MARIA, MINGAZZINI, PAOLO, Nicolaides, A, Kakkos, S, Griffin, M, Sabetai, M, Dhanjil, S, Thomas, D, Geroulakos, G, Georgiou, N, Francis, S, Ioannidou, E, Doré, C, Asymptomatic Carotid, S, Risk of Stroke Study Group: Adovasio, R, Ziani, B, Alò, F, Cicilioni, C, Ambrosio, G, Andreev, A, Andreozzi, G, Verlato, F, Camporese, G, Arosio, E, Barkauskas, E, Barros, D, Brannigan, P, Batchvarova, V, Dramov, A, Belardi, P, Novelli, G, Simoni, G, Bell, P, Biasi, G, Mingazzini, P, Bornstein, N, Bouchier Hayes, D, Fitzgerald, P, Cairols, M, Cao, P, Derango, P, Carboni, G, Geoffredo, C, Catalano, M, Chambers, B, Goetzmann, M, Dickinson, A, Clement, D, Bobelyn, M, Coccheri, S, Conti, E, Diamantopoulos, E, Andreadis, E, Dimakakos, P, Kotsis, T, Eikelboom, B, Entz, L, Ferrari, B, Aloi, T, Salerno, M, Fernandes e. Fernandes, J, Pedro, L, Fitzgerald, D, O'Shaunnersy, A, Fletcher, J, Forconi, S, Cappeli, R, Bicchi, M, Arrigucci, S, Gallai, V, Cardaiolli, G, Gomez Isaza, L, Gorgoyannis, G, Liasis, N, Graf, M, Guarini, P, Hardy, S, Harris, P, Aston, S, Iosa, G, Katsamouris, A, Giannoukas, A, Krzanowski, M, Ladurner, G, Leal Monedero, J, Lee, B, Liapis, C, Galanis, P, Liboni, W, Pavanelli, E, Mannarino, E, Vaudo, G, Mccollum, P, Levison, R, Micieli, G, Bosone, D, Middleton, L, Pantziaris, M, Tyllis, T, Minar, E, Willfort, A, Moggi, L, Nenci, G, Radicchia, S, Norgren, L, Ribbe, E, Novo, S, Tantillo, R, Olinic, D, Paaske, W, Pagnan, A, Pauletto, P, Pagliara, V, Pettina, G, Pratesi, C, Matticari, S, Polivka, J, Sevcik, P, Poredos, P, Blinc, A, Videcnik, V, Pujia, A, Raso, A, Rispoli, P, Conforti, M, Robinson, T, Dennis, M, Rosfors, S, Rudofsky, G, Schroeder, T, Gronholdt, M, Finocchi, C, Rodriguez, G, Spartera, C, Ventura, M, Scarpelli, P, Sprynger, M, Sadzot, B, Hottermans, C, Moonen, Taylor, P, Tovar Pardo, A, Negreira, J, Vayssairat, M, Faintuch, J, Valaikiené, J, Walker, M, Wilkinson, A, Nicolaides, AN, Kakkos, SK, Thomas, DJ, Doré, CJ, Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis, Alò, FP, Cicilioni, CG, Andreozzi, GM, Barros, D'Sa AA, Novelli, GP, Bornstein, NM, Cairols, MA, Cao, PG, DeRango, P, Carboni, GP, Andreadis, EA, Dimakakos, PB, Ferrari Bardile, Fitzgerald, DE, Gomez Isaza, LF, Lee, BB, McCollum, P, Dennis, MS, Gronholdt, ML, Taylor, PR, Faintuch, JM, Walker, MG, Wilkinson, AR, BIASI, GIORGIO MARIA, and MINGAZZINI, PAOLO
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of image normalization on plaque classification and the risk of ipsilateral ischemic neurologic events in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis. The first 1,115 patients recruited to the Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis and Risk of Stroke (ACSRS) study with a follow-up of 6 to 84 months (mean 37.1 months) were included in this study. Duplex ultrasonography was used for grading the degree of internal carotid artery stenosis and for plaque characterization (types 1-5), which was performed before and after image normalization. One hundred sixteen ipsilateral ischemic hemispheric events occurred. Image normalization resulted in 60% of plaques being reclassified. Before image normalization, a high event rate was associated with all types of plaque. After image normalization, 109 (94%) of the events occurred in patients with plaque types 1 to 3. For patients with European Carotid Stenosis Trial (ECST) 70 to 99% diameter stenosis (equivalent to North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial [NASCET] 50-99%) with plaque types 1 to 3, the cumulative stroke rate was 14% at 7 years (2% per year), and for patients with plaque types 4 and 5, the cumulative stroke rate was 0.9% at 7 years (0.14% per year). The results suggest that asymptomatic patients with plaque types 4 and 5 classified as such after image normalization are at low risk irrespective of the degree of stenosis.
- Published
- 2005
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