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15 results on '"Sachs, Florian"'

1. ChatGPT's financial discrimination between rich and poor -- misaligned with human behavior and expectations

Author

Bershadskyy, Dmitri, Sachs, Florian E., and Weimann, Joachim

Subjects
Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction, H.1.2
Abstract

ChatGPT disrupted the application of machine-learning methods and drastically reduced the usage barrier. Chatbots are now widely used in a lot of different situations. They provide advice, assist in writing source code, or assess and summarize information from various sources. However, their scope is not only limited to aiding humans; they can also be used to take on tasks like negotiating or bargaining. To understand the implications of Chatbot usage on bargaining situations, we conduct a laboratory experiment with the ultimatum game. In the ultimatum game, two human players interact: The receiver decides on accepting or rejecting a monetary offer from the proposer. To shed light on the new bargaining situation, we let ChatGPT provide an offer to a human player. In the novel design, we vary the wealth of the receivers. Our results indicate that humans have the same beliefs about other humans and chatbots. However, our results contradict these beliefs in an important point: Humans favor poor receivers as correctly anticipated by the humans, but ChatGPT favors rich receivers which the humans did not expect to happen. These results imply that ChatGPT's answers are not aligned with those of humans and that humans do not anticipate this difference.

Published
2024

4. QuIS: The Question of Intelligent Site Selection

Author

Baumbach, Sebastian, Sachs, Florian, Ahmed, Sheraz, and Dengel, Andreas

Subjects
Statistics - Applications
Abstract

Site selection is one of the most important decisions to be made by companies. Such a decision depends on various factors of sites, including socio-economic, geographical, ecological, as well as specific requirements of companies. The existing approaches for site selection are manual, subjective, and not scalable. The paper presents the new approach QuIS for site selection, which is automatic, scalable, and more effective than existing state-of-the-art methods. It impartially finds suitables site based on analyzing decisive data of all location factors in both time and space. Another highlight of the proposed method is that the recommendations are supported by explanations, i.e., why something was suggested. To assess the effectiveness of the presented method, a case study on site selection of supermarkets in Germany is performed using real data of more than 200 location factors for 11.162 sites. Evaluation results show that there is a big coverage (86.4 %) between the sites of existing supermarkets selected by economists and the sites recommended by the presented method. In addition, the method also recommends many sites (328) where it is benefial to open a new supermarket. Furthermore, new decisive location factors are revealed, which have an impact on the existence of supermarkets., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1608.01212

Published
2020

6. A Novel Approach for Data-Driven Automatic Site Recommendation and Selection

Author

Baumbach, Sebastian, Wittich, Frank, Sachs, Florian, Ahmed, Sheraz, and Dengel, Andreas

Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computers and Society
Abstract

This paper presents a novel, generic, and automatic method for data-driven site selection. Site selection is one of the most crucial and important decisions made by any company. Such a decision depends on various factors of sites, including socio-economic, geographical, ecological, as well as specific requirements of companies. The existing approaches for site selection (commonly used by economists) are manual, subjective, and not scalable, especially to Big Data. The presented method for site selection is robust, efficient, scalable, and is capable of handling challenges emerging in Big Data. To assess the effectiveness of the presented method, it is evaluated on real data (collected from Federal Statistical Office of Germany) of around 200 influencing factors which are considered by economists for site selection of Supermarkets in Germany (Lidl, EDEKA, and NP). Evaluation results show that there is a big overlap (86.4 \%) between the sites of existing supermarkets and the sites recommended by the presented method. In addition, the method also recommends many sites (328) for supermarket where a store should be opened.

Published
2016

8. Design of unreliable flow lines: How to jointly allocate buffer space and spare parts.

Author

Sachs, Florian E., Kiesmüller, Gudrun P., and Helber, Stefan

Abstract

AbstractThe design of flow lines is an extensive area of research whereby most publications focus on buffer allocation to cope with random influences like breakdowns or random differences in processing times. In addition, spare parts can directly increase the machines’ availability. However, only a few papers consider the simultaneous optimization of buffer space and the possible number of spare parts in stock. The literature hardly even considers the evaluation of such systems. We are the first to introduce the joint optimization of buffer space and spare parts for flow lines of arbitrary length. First, we aim to allocate buffer capacities and spare parts efficiently. Since the buffer allocation problem is NP-hard, we can expect only to find near-optimal solutions. Second, we demonstrate the algorithmic behavior of different greedy and metaheuristics on this design problem. We illustrate how to exploit the problem structure to solve it almost optimally. Third, we generate managerial insights into allocating spare parts in manufacturing systems with buffers. We show that spare parts tend to be more effective when arranged at or near the center of a flow line, as it is already known for buffers. Moreover, we provide details on the combined buffer and spare part allocations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Integrated planning of unreliable flow lines with limited buffer capacities and spare parts provisioning

Author

Kiesmüller, Gudrun P. (Prof. Dr.), Kiesmüller, Gudrun P. (Prof. Dr.);Houtum, Geert-Jan van (Prof. Dr.), Sachs, Florian Elias, Kiesmüller, Gudrun P. (Prof. Dr.), Kiesmüller, Gudrun P. (Prof. Dr.);Houtum, Geert-Jan van (Prof. Dr.), and Sachs, Florian Elias

Abstract

We consider different models of unreliable flow lines with intermediate buffers and spare part stocks where each machine contains exactly one unit of a failure-prone critical component. We present multiple approaches to analyze the steady-state behavior of such systems. In so doing, we identify cost-efficient system designs comprising buffers and spare part stocks. Among others, we find that spare parts tend to be more effective when arranged at or near the center of a flow line., Wir betrachten verschiedene Modelle unzuverlässiger Fließproduktionssysteme mit Werkstückpuffern und Ersatzteillagern, bei denen jede Maschine genau eine ausfallgefährdete kritische Komponente enthält. Wir diskutieren mehrere Ansätze zur Analyse des stationären Verhaltens solcher Systeme. Aufbauend darauf identifizieren wir kosteneffiziente Systemdesigns. Wir stellen u.a. fest, dass Ersatzteile tendenziell effektiver sind, wenn sie in oder nahe der Mitte des Produktionssystems angeordnet sind.

Published
2023

10. Integrierte Planung von unzuverlässigen Fließproduktionssystemen mit begrenzter Pufferkapazität und Ersatzteilbereitstellung

Author

Sachs, Florian Elias, Kiesmüller, Gudrun P. (Prof. Dr.), and Houtum, Geert-Jan van (Prof. Dr.)

Subjects
Manufacturing, spare parts, stochastic flow lines, buffer allocation problem, Markov processes, decomposition, heuristics, ddc:650, Fertigung, Ersatzteile, stochastische Fließproduktionssysteme, Pufferverteilung, Markov-Prozesse, Dekomposition, Heuristiken, Management, Öffentlichkeitsarbeit
Abstract

We consider different models of unreliable flow lines with intermediate buffers and spare part stocks where each machine contains exactly one unit of a failure-prone critical component. We present multiple approaches to analyze the steady-state behavior of such systems. In so doing, we identify cost-efficient system designs comprising buffers and spare part stocks. Among others, we find that spare parts tend to be more effective when arranged at or near the center of a flow line. Wir betrachten verschiedene Modelle unzuverlässiger Fließproduktionssysteme mit Werkstückpuffern und Ersatzteillagern, bei denen jede Maschine genau eine ausfallgefährdete kritische Komponente enthält. Wir diskutieren mehrere Ansätze zur Analyse des stationären Verhaltens solcher Systeme. Aufbauend darauf identifizieren wir kosteneffiziente Systemdesigns. Wir stellen u.a. fest, dass Ersatzteile tendenziell effektiver sind, wenn sie in oder nahe der Mitte des Produktionssystems angeordnet sind.

Published
2023

11. Effect of partial and global shielding on surface-driven phenomena in keyhole mode laser beam welding

Author

Schmidt, Leander, Schricker, Klaus, Diegel, Christian, Sachs, Florian, Bergmann, Jean Pierre, Knauer, Andrea, Romanus, Henry, Requardt, Herwig, Chen, Yunhui, and Rack, Alexander

Abstract

Partial shielding by means of local gas supply has proven to be very effective in reducing spatter. Besides the effect of gas-induced dynamic pressure, the shielding of oxygen is also highly relevant for melt pool dynamics and spatter formation due to the growth of oxides and the influence on surface tension. Therefore, this paper addresses the effect of local supplied argon on oxide growth and seam topography during keyhole mode laser beam welding of high-alloy steel AISI 304. To determine the shielding quality, the results are compared to laser beam welding in a global argon atmosphere. The topography of the upper weld seams was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). An X-ray microanalysis (EDX) in line scan modus was performed to determine and to locate the elements which are covering the specimen surface. The chemical state of the found elements was quantified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In a last step, high-speed synchrotron X-ray imaging was performed to separate the effect of the gas-induced pressure and the gas-induced shielding on keyhole geometry. The results show that a local supply of argon contributes to a significant difference in oxide growth, affecting melt pool convection and weld seam geometry. It was further shown that the effect of gas flows at low flow rates is primarily because of oxygen shielding, as no significant difference in keyhole geometry was found by high-speed synchrotron X-ray imaging.

Published
2023
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12. Managing wages: Fairness norms of low- and high-performing team members

Author

Fochmann, Martin, Sachs, Florian, and Weimann, Joachim

Subjects
performance principle, fairness norms, relative remuneration, M52, C91, D90, ddc:330, C92, J31, D31
Abstract

Services are often provided by groups. The question of remuneration arises both at the group level and for each individual group member. We examine the question of how relative pay should be designed within the group if all group members are to regard the payment scheme as fair. We use a three-step laboratory experiment to compare which fairness norms are chosen by high-performing and low-performing group members. It turns out that both types of group members prefer the performance pay principle. Support for equal pay is negligible. However, the low performers use their bargaining power to improve their position, but without deviating from the performance principle substantially. A random influence on the performance of the players does not change the results.

Published
2019

15. The two sides of public debt: Intergenerational altruism and burden shifting

Author

Fochmann, Martin, Sachs, Florian, Sadrieh, Abdolkarim, Weimann, Joachim, Fochmann, Martin, Sachs, Florian, Sadrieh, Abdolkarim, and Weimann, Joachim

Abstract

In controlled laboratory experiments with and without overlapping generations, we study the role of intergenerational altruism in public debt accumulation. Public debt is chosen by popular vote, pays for public goods, and is repaid with general taxes. We use an optimal control model to derive a theoretical benchmark. With a single generation, public debt is accumulated prudently. With multiple and over-lapping generations, the burden of debt and the risk of over-indebtedness are shifted to future generations. We find a weak but significant sign of intergenerational altruism, observing that the revealed debt preferences increase as the number of following generations decreases. However, we find considerably fewer intergenerational fairness concerns than one would expect on the basis of the behavioral and experimental literature. Instead, political debt cycles that vary with voters' age emerge. Debt ceiling mechanisms fail to encourage intergenerational altruism and do not mitigate the problem of burden shifting.

Published
2018

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