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A study of the plankton variability and their community structure in the Southern Coastal Area of East Java-Bali-Lombok was conducted to obtain the information of their characteristics and the status of microscopic marine organism in relation to the marine environment on the based of the biological observation. The results show that the marine environment ecologically was stable and productive due to the upwelling occurrencein the South East Monsoon. The plankton communities generally can be found consist of three classes of the phytoplankton (Cyanophyceae, Dinophyceae and Bacillariophyceaea) and two classes of zooplankton (Ciliata and Crustacea). There is no dominance of certain plankton in the observation area and the distribution among the species are relatively proportional.

The environmental characteristics of seed and broodstock of the grouper, a reef fish species was investigated in the Pangkep water area, South Sulawesi to understand the water quality of the physical and chemical parameters condition. The environment of the Pangkep area was found in a good condition and it is suitable for habitat of the grouper as a reef fish though in some area the reef has degraded due to the utilization of an illegal fishing devise such bomb and cyanide. But application of the local wisdom in some area of Pangkep has succeeded in protecting the reef and fish population to serve the life of the islands people.Keywords: The environmental characteristics, seed and broodstock, grouper, Pangkep

An evaluation of the hydro-oceanography characteristics and fisheries resources was conducted in the Seribu Island area, an offshore area of the Jakarta Bay. The area was influenced by monsoonal system that affected the oceanography and water quality situation. The bathymetry within this area was a range of 3 – 50 m with shallow water depth in and surround the islands. While the wave, current speed and tidal range were around 0,5-3,0 m; 5-49 cm/sec and 80 cm, respectively. Water quality status was varied among the area and it is depend on the distance from Jakarta Bay. In the middle and upper part of the area, water quality was within the moderate to the excellent and this condition has promoted the area as potential area of fisheries for both fish culture and fishing. As indication, an abundance of the benthic organism (sea urchin), milk fish, reef fish, seaweed and pelagic fish was found within this area. Keywords: Hydro-oceanography, fisheries resources, Kepulauan Seribu

Carrying capacity analysis at Bantam Mariculture Estate was conducted todetermain their optimal production capacity and number of fish cages settingfor sustainable aquaculture development within this area. The analysis wasdesign on the material balance base of the nitrogen input and output wherethe aquaculture system of fish rearing on the cages was assumed as theblack box system. To support the analysis, physical and chemical parameters such as current speed and dissolved in organic nitrogen (ammonia, nitrate and nitrite) were included on the analysis to understand their flushing rate as key factor that showing of the ecosystem ability on the reduction of the pollutant concentration.The calculation result shows that fish production capacity of BatamMariculture Estate was high that is up to 3 thousand ton peryear for 3thousand unit of fish cages. Flushing rate was excellent that is within rangeof 30 – 60 million m3/hours with the ability of the ecosystem to avoid thepollutant is less than 10 hours. The nitrogen and ammonia released on theenvironment are low that are around 0.004 – 0.008 mg/days and 0.002 –0.004 mg/days respectively. These value are below of the minimum levelpermitted for the aquaculture.

An impact of the land surface run off on the water quality was observed at Batam Mariculture Estate during the flood tide of the Southeast Monsoon. The existing of land surface run off was significantly identified on the increasing of the turbidity as well as total suspended solid (TSS) concentration in the nearby of the upper eastern part of the shoreline and it spread up to the southern part driven by surface current. As consequence, the water quality was degraded, particularly on the water transparency. The land surface run off was also increasing the phosphate concentration that stimulated and promoted on the increasing of the chlorophyll-a and dissolve oxygen (DO). But the nitrogen compound (nitrate and nitrite), and silicate were not affected.Keywords: Land surface run off, water quality, Batam Mariculture Estate

[ABSTRACT]The coupled physical-biological numerical models are useful tools for understanding the relevant processes and the influence of biota and human activity on the ecological conditions in the estuary. The models, which are at the third level, should be validated, describing the most relevant parts of the natural system in a credible way in order to be applicable for making projections. The model has application to the hydrodynamics and ecosystem condition of the Mahakam Estuary, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The work describe in the project with only a part of the component of the system, in relation to the abiotic component: hydrodynamics, suspended sediment and light, nutrient and bottom sediment. Understanding and quantitative describing of marine ecosystem requires an integration of physics, chemistry and biology. The coupling between physics, which regulates for example nutrient availability and the physical position of many organism is particularly important and thus cannot be described by biology alone. Therefore the appropriate basis for theoretical investigations of marine system are coupled models, which integrate physical, chemical and biological interactions. The numerical modelling in the well-mixed in the main channel show that tidal flows dominated the overall transport patterns and flushing through the system of the channel. Both flushing time of plan nutrient and exchange rates with the ocean play a role in governing phytoplankton blooms.

The environment of the rivers surround Jakarta was polluted due to the increasing of the domestics and industrial waste as response to the rapid development of the anthropogenic activities within the city since the decades. As consequence, the carrying capacity of the water ecosystem was degraded including Jakarta Bay as the estuary of the passing rivers of the Jakarta City. This article briefly discusses the pollution problem within the Jakarta Bay that is supported by the data collected from various sources including the result from in-situ survey. The result has shown the fact of what the causing factors that stimulated the pollution problem within this area. Katakunci : Pencemaran Lingkungan Perairan. Teluk Jakarta, Pantai Utara Jakarta, Air Limbah Domestik, Beban Pencemaran.

The spatial distribution of the water productivity bio-optically can be identifiedand detected by using visible infrared sensor of Coastal Zone Color Scanner(CZCS) carried by the satellite Nimbus 7. Since the availability of the ADEOS(Advance Earth Observation Satellite) that carried both sensors of the visiblenear infrared and near infra red on the OCTS (Ocean Color andTemperature Scanner) in August 1996, beside the water productivity,the fishing ground also is hoped can be studied all at once by using twoidentification methods of the SST ( Sea Surface Temperature) and OceanColor.

To understand variability of sea surface temperature (SST) within the northern (Malacca Strait, South China Sea, Sulawesi Sea:, Pacific Ocean of North Papua) middle (Java Sea, Makassar Strait, Molucca Sea, Banda Sea) and southern (Indian Ocean of West Sumatera, South Java-Nusa Tenggara, Arafura Sea) regions of the Indonesian seas, a series of the SST satellite data derived from NOAA-A VHRR Pathfinder 5 with 4 km spatial resolution in the period of 1985-2005 and MODIS data of Level 3 with 9 km spatial resolution in the period of 2000-2005 were collected. The observation results show that the SST within the Indonesian seas has increased though it was annually fluctuated. The SST changes within the Indonesian seas show geographical variability as response to the global, regional and local environmental changes i.e., in the Indian Ocean, SST change was strongly affected by the upwelling occurrences stimulated by the dynamics of the ENSO, while in the Makassar Strait it was influenced by the Indonesian Through Flow and in the South China Sea, the Malacca Strait, the Pacific Sea of the north Papua, the Sulawesi Sea, the Molluca Sea, the Banda Sea and the Arafura Sea they were influenced by the environmental change of the Pacific Ocean as response to the ENSO dynamics.

Proceedings of 4th JSPS-VAST Joint Seminar on 'Coastal Marine Science', Hai Phong, Viet Nam, 26-28 October 2009, Oceanography

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Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and Chlorophyll-a (SSC) can be detected by Ocean Color and Thermal Scanner (OCTS) derived from the Advance Earth Observation Satellite (ADEOS) sensor. These parameters are useful to estimate the potential fishing ground by identification of the upwelling and marine productivity on the study of fisheries oceanography within the tropical area of Indonesia.

The environmental situation of the estuarial ecosystem Teluk Klabat that islocated at the northwestern coastal area of Bangka was evaluated on the basis of the physical, chemical and biological data derived from direct in-situ field survey during the southeast monsoon (dry season). The objective of this study is to understand the environmental characteristics and water quality status of the Teluk Klabat to support fisheries development within this area. The result shows that the sedimentation process at theTeluk Klabat has been ocurred excessively and it caused decreasing of the bathymetry reached only 1 m that is found almost in a whole of the coast line area at the inner side of the Teluk Klabat and it extended up to more than 2.5 km from that coast line. More over, the terrestrial environment seem to have strong effect on the degradation of the water quality at the Teluk Klabat that is shown by high concentration of the nutrient (nitrate, phosphate, silicate) and heavy metal such as Pb and Cd. While chlorophyll-a concentration was also high. It indicates that the Teluk Klabat tend to be eutrophycation.