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3. A Design Space for Explainable Ranking and Ranking Models

Author

Hazwani, I. Al, Schmid, J., Sachdeva, M., and Bernard, J.

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Information Retrieval
Abstract

Item ranking systems support users in multi-criteria decision-making tasks. Users need to trust rankings and ranking algorithms to reflect user preferences nicely while avoiding systematic errors and biases. However, today only few approaches help end users, model developers, and analysts to explain rankings. We report on the study of explanation approaches from the perspectives of recommender systems, explainable AI, and visualization research and propose the first cross-domain design space for explainers of item rankings. In addition, we leverage the descriptive power of the design space to characterize a) existing explainers and b) three main user groups involved in ranking explanation tasks. The generative power of the design space is a means for future designers and developers to create more target-oriented solutions in this only weakly exploited space., Comment: Poster abstract submitted to EuroVIS 2022

Published
2022

4. Cyber Physical Security of the Critical Infrastructure

Author

Sodha, N. S., Sachdeva, M. L., Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Hirche, Sandra, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Möller, Sebastian, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zamboni, Walter, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Pillai, Reji Kumar, editor, Singh, B. P., editor, and Murugesan, N., editor

Published
2022
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13. Insights into the innovative approaches in fiber technology for drug delivery and pharmaceuticals

Author

Wal, P, Wal, A, Saxena, B, Mishra, S, Elossaily, GM, Arora, R, Singh, C, Sachdeva, M, Anwer, K, Gulati, M, Behl, T, Wal, P, Wal, A, Saxena, B, Mishra, S, Elossaily, GM, Arora, R, Singh, C, Sachdeva, M, Anwer, K, Gulati, M, and Behl, T

Abstract

In the past few years there have been tremendous breakthroughs in the pharmaceutical and drug delivery fields with the emergence of novel technologies aiming to improve therapeutic outcomes and patient compliance Fiber based drug delivery systems have attracted the most attention of these because of their adaptability simplicity of manufacture and possibility for controlled release This review study seeks to give an overview of the cutting edge methods used in fibre technology for pharmaceutical and drug delivery applications It discusses various types of fibers used including electrospun fibers melt blown fibers and nanofibers highlighting their unique properties and fabrication techniques Furthermore this review focuses on the utilization of these fiber based systems for targeted delivery sustained release and personalized medicine The paper also explores the incorporation of functional additives into fibers such as nanoparticles polymers and bioactive agents to enhance drug delivery efficiency and therapeutic efficacy Additionally recent advancements in smart fibers such as stimuli responsive and biodegradable fibers are discussed The review wraps up with an analysis of the difficulties and possible benefits of fiber based drug delivery systems highlighting the need for more study and development to realise these systems full potential in the pharmaceutical sector

Published
2023

14. Understanding the Therapeutic Approaches for Neuroprotection.

Author

Payal, N, Sharma, L, Sharma, A, Hobanii, YH, Hakami, MA, Ali, N, Rashid, S, Sachdeva, M, Gulati, M, Yadav, S, Chigurupati, S, Singh, A, Khan, H, Behl, T, Payal, N, Sharma, L, Sharma, A, Hobanii, YH, Hakami, MA, Ali, N, Rashid, S, Sachdeva, M, Gulati, M, Yadav, S, Chigurupati, S, Singh, A, Khan, H, and Behl, T

Abstract

The term "neurodegenerative disorders" refers to a group of illnesses in which deterioration of nerve structure and function is a prominent feature. Cognitive capacities such as memory and decision-making deteriorate as a result of neuronal damage. The primary difficulty that remains is safeguarding neurons since they do not proliferate or regenerate spontaneously and are therefore not substituted by the body after they have been damaged. Millions of individuals throughout the world suffer from neurodegenerative diseases. Various pathways lead to neurodegeneration, including endoplasmic reticulum stress, calcium ion overload, mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species generation, and apoptosis. Although different treatments and therapies are available for neuroprotection after a brain injury or damage, the obstacles are inextricably connected. Several studies have revealed the pathogenic effects of hypothermia, different breathed gases, stem cell treatments, mitochondrial transplantation, multi-pharmacological therapy, and other therapies that have improved neurological recovery and survival outcomes after brain damage. The present review highlights the use of therapeutic approaches that can be targeted to develop and understand significant therapies for treating neurodegenerative diseases.

Published
2023

35. Ema (Ima) Keithel during the COVID-19 Lockdown and Post lockdown Situation: An Anthropological account.

Author

Devi, Rajkumari Nonibala, Devi, Nongthombam Achoubi, and Sachdeva, M. P.

Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic, STAY-at-home orders, SUDDEN death, INCOME, ECONOMIC statistics, ECONOMIC activity
Abstract

This research paper is a qualitative-based work on the ethnographic study of Ema keithel of Manipur. The study put forth the after-effect of the economic lockdown of Ema keithel due to COVID-19 and the present condition of women traders after the upliftment of the lockdown. The economic data was comparatively based on the pre-COVID-19 situation and the post-lockdown period. The women in Ema keithel are predominantly the sole bread earners and providers in their families; through their income, financial expenses are sustained. However, with the sudden lockdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, many thousands of women and their families had lost their only hope and financial support system. This study brings out the present situation of the women in the economic activities in the Ema keithel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022

47. Hyperhomocysteinemia and Folate Deficiency in Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes: A Hospital Based Case Control Study (India)

Author

Kallur Nava Saraswathy, Manju Puri, Sachdeva M P, Jyoti Mishra, and Lovejeet Kaur

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Hyperhomocysteinemia, 060101 anthropology, business.industry, Obstetrics, Case-control study, nutritional and metabolic diseases, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, 06 humanities and the arts, Hospital based, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Increased risk, medicine, Gestation, Rupture of membranes, 0601 history and archaeology, Vitamin B12, business, Premature rupture of membranes
Abstract

Aim: To understand the role of hyperhomocysteinemia in association with nutritional (folate and vitamin B12) factors involved in one carbon metabolic pathway in the causation of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). Methods: The case group (women presenting with PPROM) is compared with gestation matched pregnant women without PPROM or any bad obstetric history. Data on demographic, clinical and reproductive profile was obtained from all the women. Fasting blood sample (~5ml) was drawn followed by serum folate, vitamin B12 and plasma homocysteine level estimations. Results: Hyperhomocysteinemia and folate deficiency were found to be posing 8.46 and 2.9 fold increased risk for PPROM cases as compared to the gestation matched controls respectively. The differences were found to be statistically significant for both risk of hyperhomocysteinemia (p

Published
2018

49. Classification of amblyopia

Author

Menon Vimla, Chaudhuri Zia, Saxena Rohit, Gill Kulwant, and Sachdeva M

Subjects
Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Published
2006

50. Effect of Age at Menarche on The Risk of Occurrence of Cardiovascular Adversities Among A Tribal North Indian Population

Author

Simi Khan, Sachdeva M P, Sunil Thakur, and Kallur Nava Saraswathy

Subjects
education.field_of_study, North indian population, Population, General Medicine, Anthropometry, medicine.disease, Obesity, Gaddi, Geography, Blood pressure, medicine, Menarche, medicine.symptom, education, Abdominal obesity, Demography
Abstract

Background: The beginning of menarche, an important phenomenon of a female’s life and is associated with the development of various physiological and metabolic changes. Innumerable studies have shown a positive association of early menarche with development of cardio metabolic risk factors. WHO has also re-established that till 2015 the highest number of mortality and morbidity in India will be due to CVDs. The present study deals with understanding the association, if any, between the age at menarche and an increase in cardiovascular adversities among the Gaddis of Himachal Pradesh and further establishing that which group (early, normal or late menarche) is a better determinant of the same. Methods: This study is cross sectional household based study, including 317 ever married Gaddi women aged 25-70 years from higher altitude Himachal Pradesh’s two districts viz. Chamba and Kangra.. Data pertaining to demographic, reproductive, anthropometric, physiological and biochemical variables were collected from these women. They were further divided into three categories based on their age at menarche viz, early, normal and late and characterized for cardio-metabolic risk factors. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 16.0.Results: The mean age at menarche of the present population was observed to be 15.23 years, which is towards the higher side of the normal range. Also the number of females falling under the late menarcheal group is higher and closer to 75%. BMI and abdominal obesity are found to be significantly increased in females with early menarche. The early menarcheal group also has a significantly higher percentage of hyperglycemic individuals. Both hypertensives and pre hypertensives are increased in the late menarcheal group wherein pre hypertensives are significantly increased. The mean values of other lipid parameters (TC, TG, LDL, VLDL, non HDL-C) tend to relatively decrease In both early and late menarcheal groups. Conclusion: Age at menarche can be considered as the potential determinant of cardiovascular adversities for the present population, particularly for the determination of abdominal obesity and general obesity. An increased number of females falling under late menarcheal group having an elevated blood pressure in spite of having reduced SBP and DBP further indicates that late age at menarche has a protective effect for the prevention from blood pressure related adversities. This can be further used by policy makers for development of interventional strategies for prevention of cardiovascular risk.

Published
2017

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