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En esta investigación hemos estudiado los sentidos y significados asociados a la conformación de un territorio de sacrificio en el marco de un conflicto socio ambiental por la producción de bioetanol en la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina. Se ha realizado un estudio diacrónico en el periodo 2015-hasta la actualidad a través de la realización de once entrevistas en profundidad y observación participante. El concepto de territorios de sacrificio fue acuñado en Estados Unidos, a partir de los conflictos por la producción de armas nucleares y extracción de petróleo. De allí que el estudio de la configuración de territorios de sacrificio y los sentidos que se le asocian en América Latina, resulte de fundamental interés, especialmente en casos de producción de bioetanol, que son presentados y difundidos como las nuevas energías limpias. Hemos planteado que los territorios de sacrifico se asocian a los significantes muerte, enfermedades, contaminación, agronegocio y ecocidio. En los discursos, estos territorios se asocian a la modificación total de las condiciones naturales del territorio, cambios en las relaciones en la comunidad, tejidos sociales, prácticas de la vida cotidiana, estrategias de superviviencia y, por último, la emergencia de procesos de lucha y resistencia que afirman la protección de la vida.

An efficient treatment plan using a temporary anchorage device should be built following the principle of reducing the number of tads to obtain a multiple biomechanical advantage. The following case report concerns the Biga system, a strategy that supports orthodontists during class II corrections and vertical control through treatment. A 12-year-old girl with a high angle of skeletal class II was selected. A novel biomechanical strategy was effectively applied using two tads on the upper arch to obtain sequential distalization of the upper teeth and to correct the lower arch spee curve using third-class elastics. Eventually, on the same tads, a double cantilever was applied to control the overbite and intrusion during incisors’ retraction. The Biga system is an easy biomechanical strategy that ensures the three-dimensional control of treatment mechanics in class II patients.

En este artículo se realiza un análisis documental de notas periodísticas y fuentes secundarias sobre las transformaciones del agronegocio en la provincia de Córdoba en Argentina en el período 2006-2023, en el marco de la crisis energética mundial y del desarrollo de agrocombustibles. Se identificaron un conjunto de sectores productivos que se articulan de modo transectorial, así como políticas locales que promueven y contribuyen a consolidar el territorio cordobés como un enclave estratégico a nivel nacional para la producción de bioetanol a base de maíz; lo que, por ejemplo, se expresa en el desarrollo de autovías para garantizar la conectividad entre los centros de producción de la materia prima y las industrias de producción agroenergética.

En este artículo analizamos la (re)configuración urbana del Área Metropolitana de Santiago del Estero, Argentina, a partir del análisis de discurso de 16 entrevistas en profundidad a vecinos/as que fueron relocalizados por acción del Estado, y a funcionarios/as vinculados al hábitat en la provincia. Del análisis se desprende que el proceso de reconfiguración urbana se produce a partir de una profunda relación entre el Estado y el capital, a la medida de las necesidades de acumulación del capital inmobiliario que precisa de la “liberación” de espacios céntricos a fin de emplazar allí diversos emprendimientos urbanísticos, configurando espacios desiguales.

The Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication (CIP) Program and its sister program the Preassigned Control Number (PCN) Program have provided prepublication metadata to publishers since 1971. For the first three decades, CIP publishers submitted paper applications, and CIP staff manually keyed the information into the Library of Congress’s local cataloging system. Between 1999 and 2003, the Library developed an in-house online CIP and PCN system with separate backend modules, the EPCN Traffic Manager and the ECIP Traffic Manager. In 2017 the Library let a contract to completely overhaul the aging online system and replace it with a custom application on a ServiceNow platform. The intensive design and development phase, followed by the controlled chaos surrounding implementation, resulted in a stable, functional, and state-of-the-art application named PrePub Book Link (PPBL). PPBL brought both the CIP and PCN programs into the future with an overall improved user experience, increased security, advanced account management, dynamic Web forms, enhanced ONIX integration and workflows, and features such as the MARC Editor and the customizable CIP data block generator. As the CIP Program prepares for the next 50 years, continued development of PPBL will enable the CIP and PCN programs to thrive.

Stress is a physiological response of the body to stressful life events but may not be when the individual is persistently exposed to the stress trigger, and it negatively affects certain physiological functions, thus triggering psychosomatic diseases. In literature, chronic stress and inadequate coping strategies are found to mediate the risk and development of periodontitis; mechanisms have therefore been proposed to explain the effects of stress on the periodontium. Since stress is a prevalent problem in modern life and given the importance of maintaining oral health, the present literature review aimed to estimate the association between stress and periodontal disease. The research question adopted is the following: “Are psychological stress and periodontal disease related?” The search was conducted in August 2022 and limited to articles in electronic databases from 2017 to 2022 in English, excluding reviews and literature reviews. From the electronic databases, a total of 532 articles were identified and became 306 after reviews and duplicates were removed. An additional bibliographic search was conducted through the same electronic databases, controlled terms and keywords including only systematic reviews, which were previously excluded. Through the bibliography cited in the systematic reviews, an additional 18 articles were identified, with a new total of 324. As a result of reading the title and abstract of these 324 articles, an additional 295 were excluded. Reading the full text of the remaining 29 studies, 2 articles were excluded due to non-adherence to the eligibility criteria. The remaining 27 results were included in our literature review. It has been suggested in the literature that adverse socioeconomic conditions elicit a stress response, which can trigger periodontal inflammation. Most of the 27 articles included in the study confirm and demonstrate a positive association between psychological stress and periodontal disease. Numerous studies have shown the mechanisms through which chronic stress negatively affects periodontal tissues. Therefore, in the light of the results obtained from this review, it is important that oral health professionals, also for general health purposes, consider stress factors among the risk factors of periodontal disease, its severity and decreased efficacy of treatments. It is therefore advisable to act preventively through the interception of chronic stress.

Este artículo indaga sobre la efectuación de cuerpos en el marco de tres conflictos por tomas de tierra en la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina: Piedra Blanca, Pueblos Unidos y 12 de Septiembre. Los cuerpos son efectuaciones de la intersección entre dispositivos de poder, tácticas y estrategias de los sujetos en lucha. Se han realizado 35 entrevistas en profundidad y un análisis de contenido con algunas herramientas de análisis de discurso. Del análisis se desprende que el principal dispositivo que se despliega sobre estos cuerpos es el de racialización que produce una mayor exposición de los cuerpos a la precariedad. A su vez, se han analizado las tácticas y estrategias que los sujetos oponen frente al dispositivo. Por último, se analiza la efectuación de cuerpos precarios que se caracteriza por la preeminencia del dispositivo de racialización que supone un proceso de alterificación, reparto y administración desigual de la exposición.

Neste artigo temos estudado o conflito que se produz em torno dos discursos científicos como discursos de poder em dois conflitos ambientais na cidade de Córdoba, Argentina - Pueblos Unidos e Vudas contra a empresa Porta. Trabalhou-se com 20 entrevistas em profundidade combinando técnicas da análise de conteúdo e análise de discurso. Na análise emergem duas configurações corporais: por um lado, a de afetados ambientais que refere aos corpos contami-nados e à conflituosa relação com o discurso científico que, articulado com os interesses do capital, não dá conta da condição que apresentam os corpos. Por outro lado, reivindica-se a existência de corpos sãos, livres de contaminação e denuncia-se ao discurso científico por manipular os estudos, a fim de sustentar a ideia de contaminação. Em conclusão, o discurso científico funciona como discurso de poder que atravessa as lutas. A diferente configuração de corpos em cada caso explica-se como efetuação da singular articulação que se produziu entre as diversas frações do capital e o discurso científico

Background: Recently, intraoral scanning (IOS) has been proposed as a new tool to evaluate the accuracy of static computer-assisted implant surgery (s-CAIS); however, further research is needed to improve the precision of IOS for full-arch impressions. The purpose of the study was to assess the accuracy of s-CAIS in an edentulous patient either in vivo or in vitro with two different evaluation techniques and to investigate if their results are comparable. Methods: A patient with terminal dentition was selected and four implants were placed using s-CAIS with a bone-supported stackable template. Segmentation used for designing a template was 3D printed, and then four implants were placed in the model following the same protocol as for s-CAIS. The model then underwent cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and laboratory scanning to evaluate its accuracy. Data were uploaded to specific software, and accuracy values were automatically generated. Results: A statistical analysis was not attempted since all measurements were performed on the same patient and model. When descriptively comparing the accuracy of the two methods of treatment evaluation in the in vitro scenario, comparable results were obtained between IOS and CBCT, except for the angle. Conclusions: As the intraoral scanning procedure in fully edentulous patients is not yet clinically validated, utilizing CBCT can still be recommended for the accurate evaluation of computer-assisted implant placement.

Abstract Background Dental caries is a recognized worldwide public health problem. Despite being one of the most effective strategies against dental caries, the excessive use of fluorine may result in a potential risk of developing dental fluorosis especially in children under age of six. The purpose of this work is to analyze a fluorine-free toothpaste containing Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite to assess enamel re-mineralizing and repairing properties. Results The study was performed in vitro and in vivo, comparing the hydroxyapatite toothpaste with two others toothpaste containing different fluorine concentrations. The coating effect of the micro-structured Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles reintegrates the enamel with a biomimetic film reproducing the structure and the morphology of the biologic Hydroxyapatite of the enamel. As demonstrated, the coating is due to the deposit of a new layer of apatite, which presents fewer particles than the natural enamel, not based on the chemical—physical changes occurring in fluorinated toothpastes. Moreover, it shows resistance to brushing as a consequence of chemical bonds between the synthetic and natural crystals of the enamel. Conclusions The use of Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite toothpastes has proven to be a valuable prevention measure against dental caries in primary dentition since it prevents the risk of fluorosis.

Este artículo estudia dos conflictos por toma de tierra en la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina: Piedra Blanca y Pueblos Unidos, a través del análisis de contenido de 56 entrevistas en profundidad. El objetivo ha sido conocer qué tipo de territorio se efectúa, entendiéndolo como el resultado de la intersección entre dispositivos de poder y la agencia de los sujetos. Del análisis se desprende que el principal dispositivo que se despliega sobre los conflictos es aquel legal, frente al cual los sujetos oponen tácticas. En las conclusiones presentamos el territorio configurado que se caracteriza por ser precario.

En esta investigación nos hemos centrado en el conflicto de las y los Vecinos Unidos en Defensa de un Ambiente Seguro (VUDAS) en contra de la permanencia de la empresa Porta Hnos productora de bioetanol en Córdoba, a partir del análisis de contenido de once entrevistas en profundidad. Hemos indagado sobre qué territorio se produce a partir de la intersección entre los dispositivos de poder y las estrategias de los sujetos en lucha. Hemos encontrado que el principal dispositivo de poder que opera en este conflicto es aquel de la producción de consenso social. Frente a este dispositivo, las y los vecinos oponen como estrategia la articulación con instituciones en el marco de una lucha por el discurso científico. Hemos arribado a la conclusión que el territorio que se configura se caracteriza por ser un territorio de sacrificio.

In recent years, implantology has made significant progress, as it has now become a safe and predictable practice. The development of new geometries, primary and secondary, of new surfaces and alloys, has made this possible. The purpose of this review is to analyze the different alloys present on the market, such as that in zirconia, and evaluate their clinical differences with those most commonly used, such as those in grade IV titanium. The review, conducted on major scientific databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and MDPI yielded a startling number of 305 results. After the application of the filters and the evaluation of the results in the review, only 10 Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) were included. Multiple outcomes were considered, such as Marginal Bone Level (MBL), Bleeding on Probing (BoP), Survival Rate, Success Rate and parameters related to aesthetic and prosthetic factors. There are currently no statistically significant differences between the use of zirconia implants and titanium implants, neither for fixed prosthetic restorations nor for overdenture restorations. Only the cases reported complain about the rigidity and, therefore, the possibility of fracture of the zirconium. Certainly the continuous improvement in these materials will ensure that they could be used safely while maintaining their high aesthetic performance.

Background: In recent years, the incidence of neoplastic diseases in children has increased significantly. Immunodepression triggers undesirable effects in the oral cavity such as mucositis, opportunistic infections, oral bleeding, xerostomia, dysgeusia, decay, dental malformations and pain. Objective: We aim to assess, through salivary tests, the quality of saliva in pediatric patients affected by oncohematological diseases and treated with chemo/radiotherapy compared to non-treated subjects. Methods: A total of 20 subjects aged between 5 and 18 years, with oncological pathologies undergoing radio and/or chemotherapy, were evaluated. The control group consisted of 20 healthy children of the same age. The two groups of subjects were asked to undergo salivary tests. Descriptive statistics were computed for each item. Fisher’s exact test was conducted to compare case and control groups. Results: Subjects treated with chemo/radiotherapy had a lower pH and therefore a higher salivary acidity that predisposes to caries and the oral hygiene of children with oncohematological diseases was more deficient than that of the control group. Conclusions: The early detection of these indicators, and the prevention carried out to limit their severity, is an important aspect of the comprehensive care of oncohematological subjects. Pediatric dentists can play a crucial a role enabling good quality of life during cancer therapy.

En esta investigación se estudia la efectuación de territorios en el conflicto por toma de tierra en Cura Vasco, Córdoba, Argentina. El territorio se efectúa en la intersección entre dispositivos de poder y estrategias de los sujetos en lucha. Analizando el discurso de trece entrevistas en profundidad, hemos encontrado que el dispositivo que allí opera es el político-administrativo, que a su vez emerge como estrategia de los sujetos en lucha. El territorio que se efectúa se caracteriza por ser intervenido: por el control de las relaciones sociales y los procesos organizativos para fines de reproducir la estatalidad.

Abstract Objective The relation between nasal flow and malocclusion represents a practical concern to pediatricians, otorhinolaryngologists, orthodontists, allergists and speech therapists. If naso-respiratory function may influence craniofacial growth is still debated. Chronic mouth-breathing is reported to be associated also with a characteristic pattern of dental occlusion. On the other hand, also malocclusion may reduce nasal air flows promoting nasal obstruction. Hereby, the aim of this review was to describe the relationship between rhinitis and malocclusion in children. Methods An electronic search was conducted using online database including Pubmed, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Embase. All studies published through to January 30, 2017 investigating the prevalence of malocclusion in children and adolescents (aged 0-20 years) affected by rhinitis and the prevalence of rhinitis in children with malocclusion were included. The protocol was registered at PROSPERO - International prospective register of systematic reviews under CRD42016053619. Results Ten studies with 2733 patients were included in the analysis. The prevalence of malocclusion in children with rhinitis was specified in four of the studies ranging from as high as 78.2% to as low as 3%. Two out of the studies reported the prevalence of rhinitis in children with malocclusion with a rate ranging from 59.2 to 76.4%. Conclusion The results of this review underline the importance of the diagnosis and treatment of the nasal obstruction at an early age to prevent an altered facial growth, but the data currently available on this topic do not allow to establish a possible causal relationship between rhinitis and malocclusion.

Background: Extrusion, lateral luxation, and intrusion are among the most serious types of dental trauma. Only a few studies have specifically focused on extrusion; the present one was aimed at reporting a case of domestic traumatic dental injury to primary tooth and describing the measures taken in managing the trauma in order to avoid future consequences to the underlying permanent tooth germ. Case report: A 3.5-year-old boy reported a dental injury with extrusion and root fracture of deciduous tooth 5.1. After intraoral and radiographic evaluation, the element was repositioned and stabilized by an orthodontic flexible splint attached to the adjacent teeth. Several follow-up checkups were made and showed good healing of the tissues and physiological exfoliation of the tooth, with a healthy and unaffected corresponding central permanent incisor. Conclusion: This case report strengthens the importance of well-timed diagnosis and treatment and of regular follow-up of traumatized teeth as they may affect both dentitions with a negative impact on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life. Conservative treatment should be taken into consideration when possible, being in some cases more appropriate.

I centri storici minori sono dei monumenti d’ambiente da salvaguardare perché vulnerabili sia dal punto di vista sismico che ambientale. La gestione di queste realtà urbane è particolarmente complessa a causa dell’eterogeneità dei dati relativi alle singole unità edilizie, aggregati strutturali e intero ambito urbano. Negli ultimi anni i sistemi parametrici BIM hanno dato un enorme contributo alla progettazione, pianificazione, costruzione etc. di nuovi edifici e anche alla gestione del patrimonio culturale. L’obiettivo di questo lavoro è lo sviluppo del sistema Historical Town Building Information Modeling (HT_BIM), ovvero di un sistema BIM specifico per gli aggregati di edifici storici che, sulla base del rilievo, consente di individuare vulnerabilità legate sia ad aspetti strutturali sia a fenomeni di degrado da vento e soleggiamento.

Este artículo indaga sobre la dinámica e importancia de los desarrollistas urbanos, así como también sobre el nuevo rol del Estado en materia urbana a partir de la sanción del Plan Director 2020 en Córdoba. Esta nueva normativa no solo modifica las disposiciones sobre el uso del suelo urbano, sino que incluye herramientas de gestión absolutamente novedosas para la Argentina, como las mesas de concertación. De esta manera, a partir de un análisis de fuentes secundarias y documentales, se busca conocer los efectos de estas modificaciones y las dinámicas sobre los diversos sectores de la ciudad y la segregación urbana. Se ha concluido que este modo de hacer ciudad ha desplazado al Estado como actor principal de la planificación urbana, y ha puesto en primer plano a las empresas desarrollistas, fomentando la producción de ciudad basada en la especulación y la segregación urbana.

En este artículo se ha realizado un estudio de la significación de la contaminación en dos conflictos articulados en torno a la cuestión ambiental: Pueblos Unidos y VUDAS- Vecinos Unidos en Defensa de un Ambiente Seguro de Córdoba, Argentina. El sufrimiento ambiental no es experimentado en aislamiento, sino dentro de contextos discursivos y en relaciones de poder. Estos contextos dan forma a los caminos en los cuales la aflicción es vivida y comprendida en cada caso. A partir del análisis de contenido de veinte entrevistas en profundidad concluimos que en los conflictos analizados se construyen dos sentidos opuestos en relación a la contaminación: mientras que en Pueblos Unidos el peligro de enfermedades por contaminación es relativizado, en un contexto de ausencia de otras oportunidades para garantizar la vida, en VUDAS, la contaminación es la estructurante principal de la lucha ya que denuncian su presencia y la enfermedad de los cuerpos.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major metabolic disease and a key epigenetic risk factor for the development of additional clinical complications. Among them, periodontitis (PD), a severe inflammatory disease ascribable to a dysregulated physiology and composition of the oral microbiota, represents one of the most relevant complications. Periodontitis can impact the structure of the tooth and likely the stem and progenitor cell pool, which actively contributes to the periodontal microenvironment and homeostasis. Modifications of the oral plaque play a key role in the etiopathogenesis of PD caused by T2D. However, to what extent the biology of the progenitor pool is affected has still to be elucidated. In this short report, we aimed to explore the biological effects of oral plaque derived from T2D patients with PD in comparison to non-diabetic patients with PD. Oral plaque samples were isolated from T2D and non-diabetic subjects with PD. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), derived from the premolar tooth, were conditioned for 21 days with oral plaque samples and tested for their clonogenic ability. Cultures were also induced to differentiate towards the osteogenic lineage, and ALP and osteocalcin gene expression levels were evaluated by real-time qPCR. Results have shown that the number of clones generated by DPSCs exposed to T2D oral plaque was significantly lower compared to controls (ctl). The multivariate analysis confirmed that the decreased clonogenesis was significantly correlated only with T2D diagnosis. Moreover, the effect of T2D oral plaque was specific to DPSCs. Indicators of osteogenic differentiation were not significantly affected. This study provides a new biological insight into the effects ascribable to T2D in PD.

The strict link between periodontitis (PD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been widely demonstrated by several studies. PD is significantly more frequent in RA patients in comparison with healthy subjects: this prevalence is higher in individuals at the earliest stages of disease and in seropositive patients. This is probably related to the role of P. gingivalis in inducing citrullination and leading to the development of the new antigens. Despite the many studies conducted on this topic, there is very little data available concerning the possibility to use the same biomarkers to evaluate both RA and PD patients. The aim of the review is to summarize this issue. Starting from genetic factors, data from literature demonstrated the association between HLA-DRB1 alleles and PD susceptibility, similar to RA patients; moreover, SE-positive patients showed simultaneously structural damage to the wrist and periodontal sites. Contrasting results are available concerning other genetic polymorphisms. Moreover, the possible role of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF and IL6 and autoantibodies, specifically anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, has been examined, suggesting the need to perform further studies to better define this issue.

Oral signs are frequently the first manifestation of autoimmune diseases. For this reason, dentists play an important role in the detection of emerging autoimmune pathologies. Indeed, an early diagnosis can play a decisive role in improving the quality of treatment strategies as well as quality of life. This can be obtained thanks to specific knowledge of oral manifestations of autoimmune diseases. This review is aimed at describing oral presentations, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren syndrome, pemphigus vulgaris, mucous membrane pemphigoid, and Behcet disease.

Background/Aims: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) ranks sixth worldwide for tumor-related mortality. A subpopulation of tumor cells, termed cancer stem cells (CSCs), has the ability to support cancer growth. Therefore, profiling CSC-enriched populations could be a reliable tool to study cancer biology. Methods: We performed phenotypic characterization of 7 HNSCC cell lines and evaluated the presence of CSCs. CSCs from Hep-2 cell line and HNSCC primary cultures were enriched through sphere formation and sphere-forming cells have been characterized both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we investigated the expression levels of Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), an enzyme overexpressed in several malignancies. Results: CSC markers were markedly expressed in Hep-2 cell line, which was found to be highly tumorigenic. CSC-enriched populations displayed increased expression of CSC markers and a strong capability to form tumors in vivo. We also found an overexpression of CSC markers in tumor formed by CSC-enriched populations. Interestingly, NNMT levels were significantly higher in CSC-enriched populations compared with parental cells. Conclusion: Our study provides an useful procedure for CSC identification and enrichment in HNSCC. Moreover, results obtained seem to suggest that CSCs may represent a promising target for an anticancer therapy.

El presente trabajo se enmarca en un proyecto de investigación más amplio, resultado de un convenio entre la UCC y la UNIFESP. Se ha propuesto realizar un análisis de la configuración de la ciudad de São Paulo y la ciudad de Córdoba a partir de la aplicación del programa Mi Casa Mi Vida. El programa cobra relevancia por dos aspectos principales: por una parte, el amplio alcance que ha tenido la política en ambas ciudades, y por otra, en tanto políticas públicas permiten ver cómo operan los diversos dispositivos en la sociedad ya que, en su contenido cristalizan y (re) configuran relaciones sociales y, por ende, las territorialidades. Se ha sostenido la hipótesis de que estas políticas habitacionales destinadas a los sectores populares, lejos están de perseguir la garantía de un derecho a aquellas porciones de la población relegadas históricamente. Por el contrario, deben ser analizadas a la luz de las estructuras económicas de cada país, las demandas y necesidades del capital y las nuevas tendencias urbanas recomendadas por los organismos internacionales que se consolidaron como las instituciones crediticias de las mismas. De esta manera, se ha llegado a la conclusión que estas políticas públicas no pueden sino ser analizadas en el contexto económico de cada país en tanto han sido diseñadas como dispositivos de reactivación económica y sus particularidades de diseño asumen sentido a partir de las necesidades del capital inmobiliario-financiero respectivamente.

This article provides a detailed statistical analysis of a process intended to demonstrate continuous improvement in teaching at an AACSB accredited college of business. The Educational Testing Service's SIR II student evaluation instrument was used to measure teaching effectiveness. A six-year longitudinal analysis of the SIR II results does not indicate improvement in the overall teaching. The results indicate two important concerns when designing a procedure to demonstrate teaching effectiveness. First, resulting data should be analyzed frequently; second, more than one measure of teaching effectiveness should be included. This paper may be of assistance when blueprinting or applying processes designed to demonstrate continuous improvement in teaching. (Contains 1 figure and 2 tables.)

In this article, the authors examine the key factors that influence student choice of a business major and how business schools can help students make that choice more realistically. Investigating students at a regional university, the authors found that whereas those with better quantitative skills tended to major in accounting or finance, those with weaker quantitative skills tended to major in marketing and management. For adherence to the requirements for expanded assurance of learning (outcomes assessment) included in AACSB International's eligibility standards (2003), the authors suggest that schools of business provide their students with a clear statement of the opportunities and requirements in each business major. (Contains 1 table and 1 figure.)

Student course evaluations were collected from four sections of finance course (two included focus groups). Student recommendations were implemented in all four. Students in focus group sections reported higher satisfaction with the course, perhaps due to the Hawthorne Effect. (SK)

Background: The developmental origin theory of coronary heart disease proposes that undernutrition in utero permanently changes body functions and metabolism leading to an increased risk of coronary artery diseases (CAD) in adult life. Some studies support this theory but others suggest that birth weight (BW) is not a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Gender differences concerning the association between BW and risk factors for CAD have been reported in some studies but not in others. In this paper we have analyzed the effect of gender and diabetes on the relationship between BW and CAD in the White population of Rome. Material and Methods: 226 subjects admitted to the Hospital for non fatal CAD from the White population of Rome were studied. 395 consecutive newborn infants studied in the same population in the years 1968-1972 were considered for comparison. Results: Among subjects with CAD, reliable information on BW was obtained in 127 subjects. The distribution of BW in CAD depends on gender (p=0.009). In females with CAD there is a tendency toward low BW, while in males with CAD there is a tendency toward high BW. These associations are very marked in non-diabetic subjects with CAD (p=.001), while no significant association is observed in diabetic subjects (p=0.557). Conclusion: Our data confirm the association between BW and CAD and suggest that the association depends on gender and is influenced by diabetes.

Isolated left ventricular noncompaction (ILVNC) is a cardiomyopathy caused by intrauterine arrest of compaction of the myocardial fibres and meshwork, an important process in myocardial development. ILVNC is clinically accompanied by depressed ventricular function, arrhythmias, and systemic embolization. We reported a case of ILVNC with basal ECG-tracing strongly suggestive for type-2 Brugada syndrome (BrS). Up to now, this is the first report investigating the association between ILVNC and this particular ECG pattern.