8 results on '"Sabrina L. Li"'
Search Results
2. The Brazilian COVID-19 vaccination campaign: a modelling analysis of sociodemographic factors on uptake
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Chieh-hsi Wu, Sabrina L Li, Alexander E Zarebski, Andreza Aruska de Souza Santos, Vitor H Nascimento, Ester C Sabino, Jane P Messina, and Carlos A Prete
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Medicine - Abstract
Objective Dose shortages delayed access to COVID-19 vaccination. We aim to characterise inequality in two-dose vaccination by sociodemographic group across Brazil.Design This is a cross-sectional study.Setting We used data retrieved from the Brazilian Ministry of Health databases published between 17 January 2021 and 6 September 2021.Methods We assessed geographical inequalities in full vaccination coverage and dose by age, sex, race and socioeconomic status. We developed a Campaign Optimality Index to characterise inequality in vaccination access due to premature vaccination towards younger populations before older and vulnerable populations were fully vaccinated. Generalised linear regression was used to investigate the risk of death and hospitalisation by age group, socioeconomic status and vaccination coverage.Results Vaccination coverage is higher in the wealthier South and Southeast. Men, people of colour and low-income groups were more likely to be only partially vaccinated due to missing or delaying a second dose. Vaccination started prematurely for age groups under 50 years which may have hindered uptake in older age groups. Vaccination coverage was associated with a lower risk of death, especially in older age groups (ORs 9.7 to 29.0, 95% CI 9. 4 to 29.9). Risk of hospitalisation was greater in areas with higher vaccination rates due to higher access to care and reporting.Conclusions Vaccination inequality persists between states, age and demographic groups despite increasing uptake. The association between hospitalisation rates and vaccination is attributed to preferential delivery to areas of greater transmission and access to healthcare.
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- 2024
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3. Climate and land-use shape the spread of zoonotic yellow fever virus
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Sarah C. Hill, Simon Dellicour, Ingra M. Claro, Patricia C. Sequeira, Talita Adelino, Julien Thézé, Chieh-Hsi Wu, Filipe Romero Rebello Moreira, Marta Giovanetti, Sabrina L. Li, Jaqueline G. de Jesus, Felipe J. Colón-González, Heather R. Chamberlain, Oliver Pannell, Natalia Tejedor-Garavito, Fernanda de Bruycker-Nogueira, Allison A. Fabri, Maria Angélica Mares-Guia, Joilson Xavier, Alexander E. Zarebski, Arran Hamlet, Maria Anice Mureb Sallum, Antonio C. da Costa, Erika R. Manuli, Anna S. Levin, Luís Filipe Mucci, Rosa Maria Tubaki, Regiane Maria Tironi de Menezes, Juliana Telles de Deus, Roberta Spinola, Leila Saad, Esper G. Kallas, G.R. William Wint, Pedro S. Peixoto, Andreza Aruska de Souza Santos, Jane P. Messina, Oliver J. Brady, Andrew J. Tatem, Marc A. Suchard, Jairo A. Mendez-Rico, André Abreu, Renato Santana Aguiar, Oliver G. Pybus, Guy Baele, Philippe Lemey, Felipe Iani, Mariana S. Cunha, Ana M. Bispo de Filippis, Ester C. Sabino, Nuno R. Faria, Royal Veterinary College [London], University of London [London], Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Spatial Epidemiology Lab (SpELL), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Rega Institute for Medical Research [Leuven, België], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo [São Paulo, Brésil], The Abdul Latif Jameel Institute for Disease and Emergency Analytics, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Fundação Ezequiel Dias (FUNED), Unité Mixte de Recherche d'Épidémiologie des maladies Animales et zoonotiques (UMR EPIA), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), School of Mathematics [Southampton], University of Southampton, Institute for Life Sciences, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus [Rio de Janeiro], Instituto Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Institute [Rio de Janeiro] (IOC), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais = Federal University of Minas Gerais [Belo Horizonte, Brazil] (UFMG), School of Geography and the Environment [Oxford] (SoGE), School of Geography [Nottingham], University of Nottingham, UK (UON), Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas [Goiânia, Brésil] (ICB), Imperial College London, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide - UMR 8181 (UCCS), Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Department of Zoology [Oxford]
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[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie - Abstract
Zoonotic viruses that originate in wildlife harm global human health and economic prosperity1. Understanding virus transmission at the human-animal-environment interface is a key component of pandemic risk-reduction2,3. Zoonotic disease emergence is highest in biodiverse, tropical forests undergoing intensive land-use change4,5. Phylodynamic analyses of virus genomes can powerfully test epidemiological hypotheses, but are rarely applied to viruses of animals inhabiting these habitats. Brazil’s densely-populated Atlantic Forest and Cerrado region experienced in 2016–2021 an explosive human outbreak of sylvatic yellow fever, caused by repeated virus spillover from wild neotropical primates6. Here we use yellow fever virus (YFV) genome sequences and epidemiological data from neotropical primates, humans, and mosquito vectors to identify the environmental, demographic, and climatic factors determining zoonotic virus spread. Using portable sequencing approaches we generated 498 YFV genomes, resulting in a well-sampled dataset of zoonotic virus genomes sampled from wild mammals. YFV dispersal velocity was slower at higher elevation, in colder regions, and further away from main roads. Virus lineage dispersal was more frequent through wetter areas, areas with high neotropical primate density and through landscapes covered by mosaic vegetation. Higher temperatures were associated with higher virus effective population sizes, and peaks of transmission in warmer, wetter seasons were associated with higher virus evolutionary rates. Our study demonstrates how zoonotic disease transmission is linked to land-use and climate, underscoring the need for One-Health approaches to reducing the rate of zoonotic spillover.
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- 2023
4. The Brazilian COVID-19 vaccination campaign: A modelling analysis of socio-demographic factors on uptake
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Sabrina L. Li, Carlos A. Prete, Alexander E. Zarebski, Andreza A. de Souza Santos, Ester C. Sabino, Vitor H. Nascimento, Chieh-Hsi Wu, and Jane P. Messina
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The COVID-19 pandemic has caused over half a million deaths in Brazil, and public healthcare nearly collapsed. Vaccination differs between states and demographics. Dose shortages delayed access.In this cross-sectional study, data were retrieved from the Brazilian Ministry of Health databases published since 17 January 2021, respectively. We developed a campaign optimality index to characterise inequality in vaccination access caused by age due to premature vaccination towards younger populations before older and vulnerable populations were fully vaccinated. We assessed geographical inequalities in full vaccination coverage and dose by age, sex, race, and socioeconomic status. Generalised linear regression was used to investigate the risk of death and hospitalisation by age group, socioeconomic status, and vaccination coverage.Vaccination coverage is higher in the wealthier South and Southeast. Men, people of colour, and low-income groups were more likely to be only partially vaccinated due to missing or delaying a second dose. Vaccination started prematurely for age groups under 50 years and may have hindered uptake of older age groups. Vaccination coverage was associated with a lower risk of death, especially in older age groups (OR: 10.5–34.8, 95% CI: (10.2, 35.9)). Risk of hospitalisation was greater in areas with higher vaccination rates due to higher access to care and reporting.Vaccination inequality persists between states, age and demographic groups despite increasing uptake. The association between hospitalisation rates and vaccination is attributed to preferential delivery to areas of greater transmission and access to healthcare.
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- 2023
5. Geographic and gender disparities in global education achievement during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Mengfan Wu, Qiwei Yu, Sabrina L. Li, and Liqiang Zhang
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Global and Planetary Change ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Computers in Earth Sciences ,Earth-Surface Processes - Abstract
School closures induced by the COVID-19 pandemic have negatively impacted on 1.7 billion children, resulting in losses of learning time and a decline of learning scores. However, the learning losses of students exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic at the country level have been quantitatively unaddressed. Here we model the global learning losses of students due to the COVID-19 in 2020. Our results reveal a global average Harmonized Test Scores (HTS) loss of 2.26 points. Learning continuity measures reduce the global average HTS loss by 1.64 points. South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa have high HTS losses (5.82 and 2.94 points), while EuropeCentral Asia and North America have low HTS losses (0.85 and 0.93 points). Compared with South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, North America and EuropeCentral Asia implement more effective learning continuity measures. HTS losses in low-income and lower-middle-income countries are higher (3.35 and 3.13 points) than those in high-income and upper-middle-income countries (0.99 and 2.31 points). Learning losses of global female students are higher than their male counterparts, and there is significant heterogeneity across national regions. Our results reveal both global learning losses and gender inequality in learning scores due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Global disparities highlight the importance of the need to mitigate education inequality.
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- 2022
6. Mapping environmental suitability of Haemagogus and Sabethes spp. mosquitoes to understand sylvatic transmission risk of yellow fever virus in Brazil
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Sabrina L. Li, André L. Acosta, Sarah C. Hill, Oliver J. Brady, Marco A. B. de Almeida, Jader da C. Cardoso, Arran Hamlet, Luis F. Mucci, Juliana Telles de Deus, Felipe C. M. Iani, Neil S. Alexander, G. R. William Wint, Oliver G. Pybus, Moritz U. G. Kraemer, Nuno R. Faria, Jane P. Messina, Medical Research Council-São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), and Wellcome Trust
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Environmental Impacts ,SELECTION ,Epidemiology ,RC955-962 ,Forests ,Disease Vectors ,Mosquitoes ,Geographical locations ,Trees ,Medical Conditions ,Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,INFECTION ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,11 Medical and Health Sciences ,Ecology ,Eukaryota ,Plants ,Terrestrial Environments ,ATLANTIC FOREST ,ABSENCE ,Insects ,Infectious Diseases ,OVIPOSITION ,Host-Pathogen Interactions ,Yellow fever virus ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Brazil ,Research Article ,Arthropoda ,VECTOR ,Mosquito Vectors ,Disease Surveillance ,Ecosystems ,DIPTERA-CULICIDAE ,Population Metrics ,Species Specificity ,Tropical Medicine ,Yellow Fever ,Animals ,Population Density ,Science & Technology ,Population Biology ,Ecology and Environmental Sciences ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Organisms ,Biology and Life Sciences ,South America ,06 Biological Sciences ,Invertebrates ,Insect Vectors ,Species Interactions ,Culicidae ,Medical Risk Factors ,PATTERNS ,Parasitology ,DEFORESTATION ,People and places ,Zoology ,Entomology - Abstract
Background Yellow fever (YF) is an arboviral disease which is endemic to Brazil due to a sylvatic transmission cycle maintained by infected mosquito vectors, non-human primate (NHP) hosts, and humans. Despite the existence of an effective vaccine, recent sporadic YF epidemics have underscored concerns about sylvatic vector surveillance, as very little is known about their spatial distribution. Here, we model and map the environmental suitability of YF’s main vectors in Brazil, Haemagogus spp. and Sabethes spp., and use human population and NHP data to identify locations prone to transmission and spillover risk. Methodology/Principal findings We compiled a comprehensive set of occurrence records on Hg. janthinomys, Hg. leucocelaenus, and Sabethes spp. from 1991–2019 using primary and secondary data sources. Linking these data with selected environmental and land-cover variables, we adopted a stacked regression ensemble modelling approach (elastic-net regularized GLM, extreme gradient boosted regression trees, and random forest) to predict the environmental suitability of these species across Brazil at a 1 km x 1 km resolution. We show that while suitability for each species varies spatially, high suitability for all species was predicted in the Southeastern region where recent outbreaks have occurred. By integrating data on NHP host reservoirs and human populations, our risk maps further highlight municipalities within the region that are prone to transmission and spillover. Conclusions/Significance Our maps of sylvatic vector suitability can help elucidate potential locations of sylvatic reservoirs and be used as a tool to help mitigate risk of future YF outbreaks and assist in vector surveillance. Furthermore, at-risk regions identified from our work could help disease control and elucidate gaps in vaccination coverage and NHP host surveillance., Author summary Yellow fever virus (YFV) is an arbovirus transmitted to humans from mosquitoes and can lead to severe disease and death. Recent sporadic outbreaks coupled with low vaccination coverage have highlighted the importance of mosquito surveillance for preventing future outbreaks and potential virus spillover into dense urban areas. Yet, very little is known about the spatial distribution of mosquitoes known to transmit YFV and the factors that contribute to their environmental suitability in Brazil. We compiled an occurrence database of primary and secondary mosquito vectors belonging to Haemagogus and Sabethes species’ collected between 1991–2019 and integrated this data with environmental and land-use data to predict their spatial suitability at 1 km x 1 km resolution. Using this information, we identified suitable regions for their co-existence. We overlaid this information with human population density and locations of non-human primate host reservoirs to identify areas at risk of transmission and spillover. Our study provides high-resolution mapping tools to assist with mosquito and arbovirus surveillance which is especially useful in low-resource settings.
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- 2022
7. Molecular Landscape of Pelvic Organ Prolapse Provides Insights into Disease Etiology
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Kirsten B. Kluivers, Sabrina L. Lince, Alejandra M. Ruiz-Zapata, Wilke M. Post, Rufus Cartwright, Manon H. Kerkhof, Joanna Widomska, Ward De Witte, Jakub Pecanka, Lambertus A. Kiemeney, Sita H. Vermeulen, Jelle J. Goeman, Kristina Allen-Brady, Egbert Oosterwijk, and Geert Poelmans
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pelvic organ prolapse ,exome chip study ,genetics ,single nucleotide variants (SNVs) ,TGFB1 ,metformin ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) represents a major health care burden in women, but its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms have not been elucidated. We first used a case-control design to perform an exome chip study in 526 women with POP and 960 control women to identify single nucleotide variants (SNVs) associated with the disease. We then integrated the functional interactions between the POP candidate proteins derived from the exome chip study and other POP candidate molecules into a molecular landscape. We found significant associations between POP and SNVs in 54 genes. The proteins encoded by 26 of these genes fit into the molecular landscape, together with 43 other POP candidate molecules. The POP landscape is located in and around epithelial cells and fibroblasts of the urogenital tract and harbors four interacting biological processes—epithelial-mesenchymal transition, immune response, modulation of the extracellular matrix, and fibroblast function—that are regulated by sex hormones and TGFB1. Our findings were corroborated by enrichment analyses of differential gene expression data from an independent POP cohort. Lastly, based on the landscape and using vaginal fibroblasts from women with POP, we predicted and showed that metformin alters gene expression in these fibroblasts in a beneficial direction. In conclusion, our integrated molecular landscape of POP provides insights into the biological processes underlying the disease and clues towards novel treatments.
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- 2023
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8. Higher risk of death from COVID-19 in low-income and non-White populations of São Paulo, Brazil
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Chieh-hsi Wu, Sabrina L Li, Rafael H M Pereira, Carlos A Prete Jr, Alexander E Zarebski, Lucas Emanuel, Pedro J H Alves, Pedro S Peixoto, Carlos K V Braga, Andreza Aruska de Souza Santos, William M de Souza, Rogerio J Barbosa, Lewis F Buss, Alfredo Mendrone, Cesar de Almeida-Neto, Suzete C Ferreira, Nanci A Salles, Izabel Marcilio, Nelson Gouveia, Vitor H Nascimento, Ester C Sabino, Nuno R Faria, and Jane P Messina
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Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Introduction Little evidence exists on the differential health effects of COVID-19 on disadvantaged population groups. Here we characterise the differential risk of hospitalisation and death in São Paulo state, Brazil, and show how vulnerability to COVID-19 is shaped by socioeconomic inequalities.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study using hospitalised severe acute respiratory infections notified from March to August 2020 in the Sistema de Monitoramento Inteligente de São Paulo database. We examined the risk of hospitalisation and death by race and socioeconomic status using multiple data sets for individual-level and spatiotemporal analyses. We explained these inequalities according to differences in daily mobility from mobile phone data, teleworking behaviour and comorbidities.Results Throughout the study period, patients living in the 40% poorest areas were more likely to die when compared with patients living in the 5% wealthiest areas (OR: 1.60, 95% CI 1.48 to 1.74) and were more likely to be hospitalised between April and July 2020 (OR: 1.08, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.12). Black and Pardo individuals were more likely to be hospitalised when compared with White individuals (OR: 1.41, 95% CI 1.37 to 1.46; OR: 1.26, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.28, respectively), and were more likely to die (OR: 1.13, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.19; 1.07, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.10, respectively) between April and July 2020. Once hospitalised, patients treated in public hospitals were more likely to die than patients in private hospitals (OR: 1.40%, 95% CI 1.34% to 1.46%). Black individuals and those with low education attainment were more likely to have one or more comorbidities, respectively (OR: 1.29, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.39; 1.36, 95% CI 1.27 to 1.45).Conclusions Low-income and Black and Pardo communities are more likely to die with COVID-19. This is associated with differential access to quality healthcare, ability to self-isolate and the higher prevalence of comorbidities.
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- 2021
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