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Abstract As real-time data sources expand, the need for detecting anomalies in streaming data becomes increasingly critical for cutting edge data-driven applications. Real-time anomaly detection faces various challenges, requiring automated systems that adapt continuously to evolving data patterns due to the impracticality of human intervention. This study focuses on energy systems (ES), critical infrastructures vulnerable to disruptions from natural disasters, cyber attacks, equipment failures, or human errors, leading to power outages, financial losses, and risks to other sectors. Early anomaly detection ensures energy supply continuity, minimizing disruption impacts, an enhancing system resilience against cyber threats. A systematic literature review (SLR) is conducted to answer 5 essential research questions in anomaly detection due to the lack of standardized knowledge and the rapid evolution of emerging technologies replacing conventional methods. A detailed review of selected literature, extracting insights and synthesizing results has been conducted in order to explore anomaly types that can be detected using Machine Learning algorithms in the scope of Energy Systems, the factors influencing this detection success, the deployment algorithms and security measurement to take in to consideration. This paper provides a comprehensive review and listing of advanced machine learning models, methods to enhance detection performance, methodologies, tools, and enabling technologies for real-time implementation. Furthermore, the study outlines future research directions to improve anomaly detection in smart energy systems.

Sebaceous carcinoma is a highly malignant eyelid tumor with a notable morbidity and mortality rate. Delay in the diagnosis occurs usually; due to benign formations that are confused in the differential diagnosis. We report the case of sebaceous gland carcinoma in a 61-year-old male patient who presented with a long-standing nodule on the right upper eyelid and had right parotid lymph nodes metastases. After wide excision, reconstruction of the oncologic defect was performed considering the functional and aesthetic results. No residual disease was found in the 4-year follow-up. Successful management of sebaceous gland carcinoma consists of early diagnosis, complete removal of the tumor, and a satisfactory reconstruction method. Treatment should be designed on the basis of the tumor and the patient's needs.

Abstract Purpose The objective of this study was to evaluate anterior segment parameters across various phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), considering body mass index (BMI), serum estradiol and testosterone levels. Materials and Methods This prospective study included 116 women with PCOS, with each of the four distinct phenotype comprising 29 women. Additionally, 29 healthy women were included in the control group. All participants underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations, including intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements. Anterior segment parameters, such as central corneal thickness (CCT), axial length (AL), aqueous depth (AD), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and lens thickness (LT) were measured using optic biometry. Endothelial cell density (ECD) was assessed using non-contact specular microscopy. The BMI was calculated, and serum levels of estradiol and testosterone were noted. Results IOP was found to be significantly higher (p = 0.003) and CCT was significantly thicker (p = 0.004) in all phenotypes of PCOS compared to the control group. BMI, serum estradiol and free testosterone were found to correlate with both IOP and CCT. AL, AD, ACD and LT values showed no significant differences compared to the control group. Although ECD tend to be higher in the PCOS phenotypes, this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion Given our findings that CCT and IOP are significantly elevated in PCOS phenotypes. PCOS should be considered as an important factor when evaluating female patients for anterior segment diseases and glaucoma.

Abstract Numerous traditional practices are both beneficial and harmful. Traditional harmful practices, such as female genital mutilation and traditional cervical cauterization, are carried out for a number of reasons but can have negative health and social effects. In addition to deeply held beliefs, a lack of knowledge and awareness of the consequences of these practices contributes to the persistence of these issues. The objective of this study is to examine whether traditional cervical cauterizations were associated with preterm births in Somalia. This prospective cohort study was conducted at our hospital over a one-year period. Seven hundred and two patients were included in this study; these patients were divided into two groups, cauterized and non-cauterized groups, and the two groups were compared on pregnancy outcomes. We examined whether traditional cervical cauterizations were associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm births. According to the findings of this study, traditional cervical cauterization was prevalent among patients visiting MSTREH (n = 328, 46.7%). Infections of the uterine cervix and infertility were the two main indications for cauterization, 44.8%, and 34.8%, respectively.Being older, uneducated, and poverty were significantly associated with traditional cauterization (P

Abstract Background Methamphetamine use and related direct and indirect problems are increasing all over the world. The coexistence of lifetime marijuana use (LMU) and methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) may also be accompanied by psychotic symptoms (MAP). Methamphetamine and marijuana use are known to pose risks for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, ten-year CVD risk and inflammation markers of LMU-MUD (non-psychosis group) and LMU-MAP (psychosis group) subjects and the relationship of various sociodemographic and clinical variables with these markers have not yet been examined. Methods Thirty-two male subjects were included in non-psychosis group and 72 male subjects in psychosis group. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were recorded. Psychotic symptom severity of psychosis group subjects was measured. The ten-year CVD risk was calculated using QRISK®3 model. Results Age, cigarettes/pack-years, alcohol use onset age, drug use onset age, methamphetamine use onset age, duration of methamphetamine use, education and marital status of the groups were similar (p > 0.05). There was a statistical difference between the non-psychosis and psychosis groups in terms of self-mutilation history (p

Abstract Background Malaysian preschool children continue to exhibit a high prevalence of dental caries and poor oral hygiene. There is a need to gain an in-depth understanding of oral hygiene habits and design suitable interventions to improve oral hygiene in early childhood. Objective To cross-culturally adapt and determine the psychometric properties of the Malay-translated Parenting and Child Tooth Brushing Assessment questionnaire (M-PACTA). Methodology This cross-sectional study involved face and content validation, and forward and back-translation of PACTA. The M-PACTA was then tested for reliability and construct validity on 150 Malaysian parents of children aged 5 to 6 years old. Results Face validity indicated that the M-PACTA items were clear and easy to understand. For content validity, some words had to be modified in accordance with the recommendations of the expert committees to make it more coherent to Malaysians. Some statements in the parental knowledge scales were modified according to the guidelines applicable in Malaysia. The content comparison of the back translation with the adapted PACTA revealed that all items were semantic and linguistically equivalent. Exploratory factor analyses of M-PACTA suggested a two-factor structure for three scales including child behaviour scale (‘non-compliance’ and ‘avoidance behaviour’), parental attitudes (‘lack of concern’ and ‘attitude of care’), and parental knowledge (‘general tooth brushing knowledge’ and ‘awareness of tooth brushing care’) while for the parental strategy scale, three-factor structure was extracted including ‘routine positive methods’, ‘uncommon positive methods’, and ‘negative methods’. Internal consistencies for all scales were good (α > 0.9). Conclusion M-PACTA did not replicate the construct of the original PACTA. Nonetheless, M-PACTA demonstrated good construct validity, internal consistency reliability, and test-retest reliability within Malaysian context.

This paper focused on establishing results regarding the existence of solutions for a class of nonlocal terminal value problems involving hybrid implicit nonlinear fractional differential equations with the $ ({\mathsf{k}}, {\rm{\mathsf{φ}}}) $-Hilfer fractional derivative, which includes both finite delay and anticipation arguments. Our analysis was based on the Banach fixed point technique, and the Schauder and Krasnoselskii fixed point theorems. Moreover, illustrative examples were considered to support our new results.

Abstract In this article, we focus on studying the Duffing problem with the time delay of pantograph type via the Hilfer fractional derivatives on the infinite interval ( 0 , ∞ ) $(0,\infty )$ . An appropriate Banach space supported with the Bielecki norm in the Mittag–Leffler function sense is introduced for new and convenient analysis. The existence and uniqueness ( E & U $\mathbf{E\&U}$ ) of the solutions are proved by utilizing the classical fixed point theorems (FPT s). Moreover, the Hyers–Ulam (HU) stability is discussed for our Hilfer fractional Duffing pantograph system (HFDPS). Ultimately, our results are enhanced by providing numerical examples with graphics simulations to check the validity of the main outcomes.

Abstract Securing a sustainable global food supply for a growing population requires a shift toward a more plant-based diet. The application of plant-based proteins is therefore increasing, but unpleasant off-flavors complicate their use. Here, we screened 97 microorganisms for their potential to remove off-flavors in a process with limiting amounts of fermentable sugar. This allowed the production of a more neutral-tasting, purified food ingredient while limiting microbial growth and the production of typical fermentation end products. We demonstrate that various lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeasts remove “green” aldehydes and ketones. This conversion can be carried out in less than one hour in almond, pea, potato, and oat proteins. Heterofermentative LAB was best at aldehyde and ketone neutralization with minimum de novo formation of microbial volatiles such as ethylacetate (sweet, fruity) or alpha-diketones (butter- and cheese-like). While sensory properties were improved, changes in protein solubility, emulsification, foaming, and in vitro digestibility were limited.

Open-loop synchronization techniques allow to overcome the stability issues to which closed-loop techniques are subject. Most open-loop techniques differ in their Quadratic Signal Generator and their frequency estimation method. In this paper, an overview of the main frequency estimation methods for single-phase power systems is presented. A description of each technique with their structure for numerical implementation is carried out. A comparative study of those frequency estimation methods is performed according to three test scenarios in order to evaluate the robustness of each method. Recommendations for the selection of the technique is given according to the simulation results.

This study explores the field of sign language recognition through machine learning, focusing on the development and comparative evaluation of various algorithms designed to interpret sign language. With the prevalence of hearing impairment affecting millions globally, efficient sign language recognition systems are increasingly critical for enhancing communication for the deaf and hard-of-hearing community. We review several studies, showcasing algorithms with accuracies ranging from 63.5 to 99.6%. Building on these works, we introduce a novel algorithm that has been rigorously tested and has demonstrated a perfect accuracy of 99.7%. Our proposed algorithm utilizes a sophisticated convolutional neural network architecture that outperforms existing models. This work details the methodology of the proposed system, which includes preprocessing, feature extraction, and a multi-layered CNN approach. The remarkable performance of our algorithm sets a new benchmark in the field and suggests significant potential for real-world application in assistive technologies. We conclude by discussing the impact of these findings and propose directions for future research to further improve the accessibility and effectiveness of sign language recognition systems.

Purpose – This paper aims to study qualitative properties and approximate solutions of a thermostat dynamics system with three-point boundary value conditions involving a nonsingular kernel operator which is called Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo (ABC) derivative for the first time. The results of the existence and uniqueness of the solution for such a system are investigated with minimum hypotheses by employing Banach and Schauder's fixed point theorems. Furthermore, Ulam-Hyers (UH) stability, Ulam-Hyers-Rassias UHR stability and their generalizations are discussed by using some topics concerning the nonlinear functional analysis. An efficiency of Adomian decomposition method (ADM) is established in order to estimate approximate solutions of our problem and convergence theorem is proved. Finally, four examples are exhibited to illustrate the validity of the theoretical and numerical results. Design/methodology/approach – This paper considered theoretical and numerical methodologies. Findings – This paper contains the following findings: (1) Thermostat fractional dynamics system is studied under ABC operator. (2) Qualitative properties such as existence, uniqueness and Ulam–Hyers–Rassias stability are established by fixed point theorems and nonlinear analysis topics. (3) Approximate solution of the problem is investigated by Adomain decomposition method. (4) Convergence analysis of ADM is proved. (5) Examples are provided to illustrate theoretical and numerical results. (6) Numerical results are compared with exact solution in tables and figures. Originality/value – The novelty and contributions of this paper is to use a nonsingular kernel operator for the first time in order to study the qualitative properties and approximate solution of a thermostat dynamics system.

In this paper, we investigate a free boundary problem relevant in several applications, such as tumor growth models. Our problem is expressed as an elliptic equation involving discontinuous nonlinearities in a specified domain with a moving boundary. We establish the existence and uniqueness of solutions and provide a qualitative analysis of the free boundaries generated by the nonlinear term (inner boundaries). Furthermore, we analyze the dynamics of the outer region boundary. The final result demonstrates that under certain conditions, our problem is solvable in the neighborhood of a radial solution.

Sigmoid volvulus (SV), the twisting of the sigmoid colon around its own base, is a relatively rare colonic obstruction form. Endoscopic detorsion is the first-line management option in uncomplicated patients. However, recurrence risk is as high as 90%, with a risk of mortality up to 35%. Although procedures such as sigmoidopexy, sigmoidomesopexy, sigmoidomesoplasty, extraperitonealization, or percutaneous endoscopic sigmoidopexy may prevent or reduce SV recurrence, laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy with natural orifice specimen extraction appears to be the optimal choice in selected cases.

Düşünürler öteden beri bilginin tarifi, imkânı, kısımları ve değeri gibi hususlara odaklanarak fikir üretmişler ve görüşler serdetmişlerdir. Öyle ki bir zaman sonra özellikle Kelâm alanında kalem oynatan âlimler eserlerinde sistematik bir şekilde bilgi konusunu işlemeyi âdet haline getirmişlerdir. Onların kurmuş oldukları kelâm sistematiğinde bu konuya yaklaşımları önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Kelamcılar söz konusu meselede genelde ilk olarak bilginin tanımını yapmaya çalışmışlar, fakat ittifak edilen bir tanım üretememişlerdir. Hatta bilginin bizzat kendisinin apaçık olduğunu belirterek tarifinin yapılamayacağını dile getirenler de olmuştur. Her düşünür kendi fikir yapısına uygun bir tanım ortaya koymaya çalışmıştır. Kelamcıların düşünce dünyaları ve mensup oldukları mezhebin bakış açısı doğrultusunda bilgi konusuna yaklaşımları ortaya koymaya çalıştıkları kelâm sistemlerini de etkilemiştir. Dolayısıyla bilginin tanımına yaklaşım bir anlamda düşünürün kelâm yöntemini belirleyen temel etkenlerden biri olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Kelâm ilminin gelişim sürecinde etkin ekollerden biri olan Eş’arîlik, mütekaddimûn ve müteahhirûn olmak üzere iki kısma ayrılarak incelenmektedir. Bu ayrımın temel nedeni klasik mantığın konu ve terimlerinin sistematik bir biçimde kelâm konularına dâhil edilmesidir. Düşünürlerin genel kanısı bu ayrımın İmam Gazzâlî ile başladığı yönünde olsa da kökleri hocası İmâmu’l-Haremeyn Cüveynî’ye uzanmaktadır. Değişen fikirleri ve orijinal eleştirileriyle müstesna bir yerde konumlandırılan Cüveynî’nin de bilgi tanımlarına yaklaşımı, onun hem değişkenlik gösteren zihin dünyasını hem de bir anlamda bu alandaki düşünsel tarihe yön veren kelâm yöntemini anlamak için ehemmiyet arz etmektedir. Nitekim o, ilk yıllarında kaleme almış olduğu eserlerinde bilgiye dair ortaya konulan tanımları tahlil ederek belirli ölçütler çerçevesinde eleştirilerde bulunmuştur. Onun söz konusu eleştirileri incelendiğinde öne çıkan ilk husus, Ehl-i Sünnet âlimlerinin birçoğunda da görüldüğü üzere bilginin tanımına Allah Teâlâ’nın bilgisini dâhil edebilme çabasıdır. Nitekim incelemeye yöneldiği tanımlara semantik yöntemi de kullanarak yaklaşan Cüveynî, söz konusu tanımlarda yer verilen terimlerin kadîm bilgiyi kapsamadığını vurgulayarak eleştirmiştir. Dikkat çeken diğer bir husus ise klasik mantık terimlerini kullanarak binâ ettiği “had” kuramına aykırı bulduğu bazı hususlardır. Bu, onun kelâm tarihindeki ayrımın kilit noktası olmasına delil teşkil etmektedir. Nitekim o bilginin tanımlarına dair görüşlerini aktarmadan önce sistematik bir bilgi kuramı oluşturmaya gayret etmiştir. Cüveynî ilmî hayatının ilk dönemlerinde, hocası Bâkıllânî’ye nispet ettiği “Bilgi, bilinenin olduğu gibi bilinmesidir/mârifetidir.” şeklindeki bilgi tanımının daha doğru olduğunu ifade etmekle birlikte daha sonraki dönemlerinde kaleme almış olduğu eserlerde mezkûr tanımı da eleştiriye tâbi tutmuş ve bilgi için tam manasıyla bir tarif ortaya koyulamayacağını ileri sürmüştür. Zira tanım ancak kapalı olan bir unsurun daha açık bir hâle getirilmesi için yapılır. Bilgiden daha açık bir olgu bulmak ise zordur. Bu sebeple Cüveynî son dönemlerinde bilgi hakkında kolaylıkla bir tanım yapılamayacağını, bilginin hakikatine ancak araştırma ve taksîm ile ulaşılabileceğini vurgulamıştır.

Abstract Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) can lead to significant morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. While they are unlikely to cause severe disease and are self-limiting in healthy individuals, cancer patients are especially susceptible to opportunistic parasitic infections. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in various aspects of health, including immune regulation and metabolic processes. Parasites occupy the same environment as bacteria in the gut. Recent research suggests intestinal parasites can disrupt the normal balance of the gut microbiota. However, there is limited understanding of this co-infection dynamic among cancer patients in Malaysia. A study was conducted to determine the prevalence and relationship between intestinal parasites and gut microbiota composition in cancer patients. Stool samples from 134 cancer patients undergoing active treatment or newly diagnosed were collected and examined for the presence of intestinal parasites and gut microbiota composition. The study also involved 17 healthy individuals for comparison and control. Sequencing with 16S RNA at the V3–V4 region was used to determine the gut microbial composition between infected and non-infected cancer patients and healthy control subjects. The overall prevalence of IPIs among cancer patients was found to be 32.8%. Microsporidia spp. Accounted for the highest percentage at 20.1%, followed by Entamoeba spp. (3.7%), Cryptosporidium spp. (3.0%), Cyclospora spp. (2.2%), and Ascaris lumbricoides (0.8%). None of the health control subjects tested positive for intestinal parasites. The sequencing data analysis revealed that the gut microbiota diversity and composition were significantly different in cancer patients than in healthy controls (p

Introduction Home-based, virtually-supported care models may represent the most efficient and scalable approach to delivering prehabilitation services. However, virtual approaches to prehabilitation are understudied. This manuscript describes the protocol for an internal pilot randomised controlled trial of a virtually-delivered, multimodal prehabilitation intervention.Methods and analysis We will conduct a pragmatic, individual patient, internal pilot randomised controlled trial of home-based, virtually supported, multimodal prehabilitation compared with standard perioperative care in adults undergoing elective, inpatient thoracic, abdominal, pelvic and vascular surgery at five Canadian hospitals. Participants will be partially blinded; clinicians and outcome assessors will be fully blinded. The intervention consists of 3–12 weeks of a home-based, multimodal (exercise, nutrition and psychosocial support) prehabilitation programme supported through an online platform. The primary feasibility outcomes and their progression targets are (1) monthly recruitment of>6 participants at each centre, (2) intervention adherence of>75%, (3) retention of>90% of participants at the patient-reported primary outcome point of 30-days after surgery and (4) elicitation of patient, clinician and researcher-identified barriers to our pragmatic trial. A sample size of 144 participants will be adequate to estimate recruitment, adherence and retention rates with acceptable precision. All participants will be followed to either death or up to 1 year. As an internal pilot, if no substantive changes to the trial or intervention design are required, pilot participant outcome data will migrate, unanalysed by allocation, to the future full-scale trial.Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval has been granted by Clinical Trials Ontario (Project ID: 4479) and our ethics review board (Protocol Approval #20230399–01T). Results will be disseminated through presentations at scientific conferences, peer-reviewed publications, partner organisations and engagement of social and traditional media.Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT06042491. Protocol, V.1.2, dated 6 June 2024.

Terminalia brownii Fresen, an African medicinal plant, is known for its analgesic, antiulcer, and antimicrobial properties, with its leaves, bark, and fruits deeply ingrained in indigenous healing practices. Two lectins, TerBLL (from leaves) and TerBSL (from seeds) of Terminalia brownii Fresen, were purified using salting-out and affinity chromatography on a fetuin-agarose column. The purified lectins were then assessed for protein yield, hemagglutination activity, and physicochemical properties. Both TerBLL and TerBSL have subunits with molecular weights of 57.3 and 65.7 kDa, respectively. TerBLL remains stable at 60–80 °C and is activated by Mn+2, while TerBSL is activated by Zn+2. These lectins maintain consistent activity under acidic conditions, with TerBLL demonstrating heightened activity at extreme alkaline pH. TerBLL retained 50 % of its activity in 2–8M urea, in contrast to the 13 % of TerBSL. Investigation of the properties of TerBLL revealed that it had antinociceptive effects, reducing abdominal pain and prolonging latency time in the hotplate assay, potentially through μ-opioid receptor blockade akin to that of morphine. TerBLL exhibits antiulcer activity at doses of 0.25 and 1 mg/kg, reducing ulcer formation by up to 33 %, comparable to that of pantoprazole (80 mg/kg). The physiochemical attributes of TerBLL, in addition to its pain-relieving and gastroprotective effects, underscore its therapeutic promise, which is consistent with its traditional use.

SUMMARY We present the case of a young adult who had lethargy and significant weight loss for the three weeks before his death. The history of the present illness suggested a prodrome of several weeks, with progressive weakness indicating an advancing metabolic decompensation. To our knowledge, this is the first study performed on human brain tissue with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and likely diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) before treatment. We studied neuroinflammatory markers in an insulin-deficient state without treatment compared with those found in a treated patient with T1D/DKA of similar age and race who died shortly after treatment. The frontal cortex and hippocampus were stained for tight junction proteins, RAGE, NLRP3, and HMGB1. Other markers that can disrupt the blood-brain barrier, such as IL-17, IL-6, IL-1β, GFAP, and IL-10 were also tested. This case study reveals that neuroinflammatory markers are expressed in the DKA brain at a lower level before treatment than those found to be expressed in the brain after treatment. These findings suggest that in DKA, dehydration minimizes inflammation which could be exacerbated with fluids promoting neuroinflammation and cognitive deficits. These findings require further studies and could identify therapeutic targets to reduce the progression of neuroinflammation and brain edema.

The aims of this repeated measures study were (I) to determine the reliability of single-leg squat 1RM and inter-limb asymmetries in pre-pubertal athletes, and (II) to assess associations between bilateral and/or unilateral squat 1RM performance, inter-limb asymmetries, and participants’ chronological and biological age. Thirty-one soccer players (age [mean ± standard deviation] = 8.48 ± 0.47 years; body mass = 28.32 ± 3.47 kg; body height = 121.70 ± 4.11 cm) practiced two familiarization and two experimental sessions. Bilateral and unilateral squat 1RM and asymmetries between both legs were assessed. Biological age was obtained through the age at peak height velocity (12.87 ± 0.38 years) and maturity offset (3.92 ± 0.44 years). Absolute and relative reliability and Pearson's correlations were calculated. Right and left leg 1RM and asymmetries presented good relative reliability (ICCrange = 0.84–0.85) levels, but non-acceptable absolute reliability (CV ~ 12 %). Asymmetries presented trivial to small correlations with strength (Range = 0.01–0.11). Similarly, chronological, and biological age presented small correlations with strength and asymmetries (Range = 0.01–0.22). Considering the good reliability, the bilateral and unilateral 1RM back half squat test can be considered in youth soccer players. Finally, lower-body mechanical performance and asymmetry between legs show trivial to small correlations, with maturation not affecting asymmetry in male youth soccer players. In conclusion, strength and power activities and training should be placed on younger soccer players with high asymmetry scores regardless of their stage of maturation.

Background: One of the top three causes of death and morbidity is cardiovascular disease Myocardial infarction is a clinical illness defined by quickly growing severe myocardial ischemia. It is the most frequent health problem in the world and the main cause of mortality. Objectives: The study aims to assess the dietary pattern of food intake frequency for patients with post- myocardial infarction. Patients & Methods: The quasi-experimental design has been carried out to determine the impact of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension system on patients with post-myocardial infarction, in the Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital's cardiac outpatient clinic for the period from 17th April 2023 to 3rd May, 2024. Nonprobability (purposive) sample of (60) patients were selected who recovering from myocardial infarction at AL Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital. The study instrument comprised of (3) parts: part I: demographic details of the patient, which included seven items. Part II: Data on clinical characteristics, consisting of (3) items and Part III: Evaluation of diet frequency consisting of (8) items. Results: The study results showed that most of the food groups were (less than the Recommended Daily Servings) in pre-test, then became (Equal to the Recommended Daily Servings) in post-test in the study group. While most of the food groups were (Less than the Recommended Daily Servings) in pre-test and post-test in the control group. Also, there were statistically significant differences between the study and control groups in the post-test measurements regarding the evaluation of the dietary pattern of food intake frequency at (p. value

This work aims to motivate the bipolar parametric metric space introduced by Pasha et al. We introduce the concept of bipolar parametric ν-metric space. Afterward, we state and investigate new fixed-point theorems. Suitable examples are given based on our outcomes. An application is provided to strengthen the findings we obtained.

Abstract Background It is known that neuroanatomical and neurofunctional changes observed in the brain, brainstem and cerebellum play a role in the etiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). This study aimed to investigate whether volumetric measurements of brain regions can be used as predictive indicators for AIS through machine learning techniques. Methods Patients with a severe degree of curvature in AIS (n = 32) and healthy individuals (n = 31) were enrolled in the study. Volumetric data from 169 brain regions, acquired from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of these individuals, were utilized as predictive factors. A comprehensive analysis was conducted using the twelve most prevalent machine learning algorithms, encompassing thorough parameter adjustments and cross‐validation processes. Furthermore, the findings related to variable significance are presented. Results Among all the algorithms evaluated, the random forest algorithm produced the most favorable results in terms of various classification metrics, including accuracy (0.9083), AUC (0.993), f1‐score (0.970), and Brier score (0.1256). Additionally, the most critical variables were identified as the volumetric measurements of the right corticospinal tract, right corpus callosum body, right corpus callosum splenium, right cerebellum, and right pons, respectively. Conclusion The outcomes of this study indicate that volumetric measurements of specific brain regions can serve as reliable indicators of AIS. In conclusion, the developed model and the significant variables discovered hold promise for predicting scoliosis development, particularly in high‐risk individuals.

In the complex and multidimensional field of medicine, multimodal data are prevalent and crucial for informed clinical decisions. Multimodal data span a broad spectrum of data types, including medical images (eg, MRI and CT scans), time-series data (eg, sensor data from wearable devices and electronic health records), audio recordings (eg, heart and respiratory sounds and patient interviews), text (eg, clinical notes and research articles), videos (eg, surgical procedures), and omics data (eg, genomics and proteomics). While advancements in large language models (LLMs) have enabled new applications for knowledge retrieval and processing in the medical field, most LLMs remain limited to processing unimodal data, typically text-based content, and often overlook the importance of integrating the diverse data modalities encountered in clinical practice. This paper aims to present a detailed, practical, and solution-oriented perspective on the use of multimodal LLMs (M-LLMs) in the medical field. Our investigation spanned M-LLM foundational principles, current and potential applications, technical and ethical challenges, and future research directions. By connecting these elements, we aimed to provide a comprehensive framework that links diverse aspects of M-LLMs, offering a unified vision for their future in health care. This approach aims to guide both future research and practical implementations of M-LLMs in health care, positioning them as a paradigm shift toward integrated, multimodal data–driven medical practice. We anticipate that this work will spark further discussion and inspire the development of innovative approaches in the next generation of medical M-LLM systems.

In this work, we prepared sulfur-zinc nanoparticles (ZnS-TGA) functionalized with thioglycolic acid by a hydrothermal method and tested their photodegradation ability by solar irradiation. ZnS-TGA were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), UV–Vis spectrophotometer and photoluminescence spectroscopy. In the characterization of these nanoparticles, thioglycolic acid proved to be a strong capping ligand, with a specific surface area of 36.82 m2/g and an average size of 7.15 nm. To test the photocatalytic degradability of the product, methylene blue (MB) was used as a model pollutant. Various operational variables were investigated, including pH, amount of nanoparticles, dye concentration, contact time and temperature. The equilibrium adsorption tests, and the statistical physical calculations allowed the analysis of the energetic and steric variables of the adsorption of MB dye molecules on the surface of these nanoparticles. The equilibrium data were well fitted with Langmuir-Freundlich (L-F) and the adsorption kinetics with pseudo-first order. The maximum adsorption capacity of the MB dye removal process was 30.92 mg g−1 at pH 7 and 298 K, and this process was spontaneous and exothermic. The dye molecules and the surface of the nanoparticles exhibited physical interactions with adsorption energies of 23.31–25.92 kJ/mol. The photocatalytic activity of these nanoparticles resulted in a dye degradation efficiency of 91.1 % in 180 min. The photocatalytic efficiency remained almost unchanged after five consecutive degradation cycles, resulting in a methylene blue degradation of 85 %. According to these results, these environmentally friendly nanoparticles have the potential to purify industrial and urban liquids contaminated with harmful organic compounds such as dye molecules.

BackgroundThe Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) faces numerous public health risks caused by biological, chemical, man-made, and natural hazards. This manuscript aimed to assess the multifaceted interventions and strategies used to strengthen the EMR’s preparedness capacities to respond properly to current and upcoming health emergencies.ObjectiveTo address these challenges, it is crucial to implement comprehensive and robust strategic risk assessments and health emergency preparedness frameworks. The World Health Organization (WHO) takes a risk-based approach, emphasizing the significance of all-hazards emergency management and the creation of national health risk profiles using the Strategic Toolkit for Assessing Risk (STAR). Furthermore, the International Health Regulations (IHR) Monitoring and Evaluation Framework (MEF) ensures continuous learning and capacity building among Member States, enhancing their ability to manage health emergencies effectively. Key components include State Party Annual Reporting (SPAR), Joint External Evaluation (JEE), After Action Review (AAR), Intra Action Review (IAR), and Simulation Exercises (SimEx). Moreover, initiatives like One Health, Emergency Care Systems, Safe Hospitals, and Public Health Emergency Operations Centers (PHEOCs) reinforce preparedness and response capacities. Risk communication and community engagement (RCCE) strategies play a pivotal role in disseminating timely information and fostering community resilience. Furthermore, the management of Chemical, Biological, and Radiological (CBRN) incidents remains a priority, necessitating collaboration between the public health and security sectors. This comprehensive approach aims to strengthen health systems, reduce risks, and improve emergency response capabilities throughout the EMR, thereby promoting global health security and resilience.ConclusionThe EMR is addressing public health challenges through frameworks like IHR-MEF, and RCCE. It is strengthening emergency care systems, ensuring safe hospitals, and establishing PHEOCs. Proactive measures to address CBRN events and collaboration are enhancing resilience. The inclusion of the One Health approach underscores the EMR’s holistic strategy to address the health threats at the human-animal-environment interface. This demonstrates the EMR’s commitment to global health security.

This work examines the time-varying interlinkages among economic confidence, energy prices, geopolitical stress, and short/long-term interest rates in the Euro Area. Our research meticulously explores the interplay between economic confidence and various determinants, including financial indicators, geopolitical stress incidents, and energy prices. Employing innovative approaches such as the time-varying parameter vector autoregression (TVP-VAR) time and frequency-domain connectedness, we uncover the nuanced relationships between economic confidence, financial indicators, and energy prices. We illuminate the systemic nature of shock transmission in the Euro Area, identifying key net transmitters and recipients of shocks, with short-term interconnectedness emerging as a dominant feature, especially during pivotal events such as the global financial crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, and geopolitical conflicts. Our empirical findings can be summarized as follows: First, both the time and frequency-domain connectedness indexes correctly associate with major financial/geopolitical events. Second, BCI and CCI respond to the GFC asymmetrically. Third, Brent and short/long-term interest rates are the net transmitters of shocks on average. Fourth, there is a considerable augmentation in return spillovers during the period characterized by the pandemic crisis compared to the GFC. Finally, our findings for frequency-dependent connectedness networks indicate that the market is particularly susceptible to short-term shocks. This study has significant ramifications for investors, market players, and policymakers.

The provision of an efficient water supply service (WSS) is crucial for the well-being of citizens and the sustainability of cities. This study aims to evaluate the performance of WSS using the results of a household survey and the ranking of performance indicators (PIs) by the analytic hierarchy process method. The methodology developed was tested for the case of the city of Taoura (Algeria). A survey was carried out among 340 residents of the city. The survey results showed that the majority of respondents (70%) were relatively dissatisfied with the quantity of water provided and 67% of households surveyed rated the quality of service as poor. Then, the performance was evaluated according to 5 decision criteria and 20 PIs. The results of the evaluation of the relative weights of the criteria are as follows: the ‘Financial and economic’ criterion plays the most important role, with a relative weight of 38.61%, followed by the ‘Operational’ criterion (24.7%) and the criterion ‘Physics’ (17.32%). The methodology used in this study can be a reliable tool for evaluating the performance of WSS in developing countries. HIGHLIGHTS Development of a methodological framework to identify and classify performance indicators.; Water supply services are facing issues in achieving sustainability objectives.; Five criteria and 20 performance indicators were identified for assessment.; Weights were generated using the analytic hierarchy process.; Calculate the benefits for households and water companies with the new water tariff estimated by the willingness to pay (WTP).;

Abstract The magnetization value and electric resistivity of the single-crystalline sample of Ni50Fe19Co4Ga27 shape memory alloy were measured. The elastic modulus was determined by the Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA). The characteristic temperatures of martensitic transformation (MT) of the alloy were estimated from the temperature dependences of magnetization, electric resistivity and elastic modulus. A significant disparity between MT temperatures resulting from DMA and those estimated from magnetic and resistivity measurements was discovered. It was argued that the discrepancy is caused by the non-uniform mechanical stressing of twinned single crystal by the DMA analyzer. Moreover, the DMA measurements revealed a significant decrease of the elastic modulus of twinned martensite under the applied magnetic field of 1.5 kOe. To explain this effect, the temperature-dependent Young’s modulus of twinned crystal lattice was computed. The computations showed that the experimentally observed field-induced change of the elastic modulus is caused by the stress-assisted detwinning of the crystal lattice by the applied magnetic field.

Abstract The Apiaceae family contains many species used as food, spice and medicinal purposes. Different parts of plants including seeds could be used to obtain essential (EO) oils from members of the Apiaceae family. In the present study, EOs were components obtained through hydrodistillation from the seeds of anise (Pimpinella anisum), carrot (Daucus carota), celery (Apium graveolens), dill (Anethum graveolens), coriander (Coriandrum sativum), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), and cumin (Cuminum cyminum). EO constituents were determined with Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) and Gas Chromatography/Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) and their antioxidant capacities were determined with the cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) methods. The antimicrobial activity of EOs were tested against four pathogenic bacteria. Phenylpropanoids in anise (94.87%) and fennel (92.52%), oxygenated monoterpenes in dill (67.59%) and coriander (98.96%), monoterpene hydrocarbons in celery (75.42%), mono- (45.42%) and sesquiterpene- (43.25%) hydrocarbons in carrots, monoterpene hydrocarbon (34.30%) and aromatic hydrocarbons (32.92%) in cumin were the major compounds in the EOs. Anethole in anise and fennel, carotol in carrot, limonene in celery, carvone in dill, linalool in coriander, and cumin aldehyde in cumin were predominant compounds in these EOs. The high hydrocarbon content in cumin EO gave high CUPRAC activity (89.07 µmol Trolox g−1), and the moderate monoterpene hydrocarbon and oxygenated monoterpene content in dill EO resulted in higher DPPH activity (9.86 µmol Trolox g−1). The in vitro antibacterial activity of EOs against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli was evaluated using the agar diffusion method and the minimum bactericidal concentration was determined. Coriander, cumin and dill EOs showed inhibitory effect against all tested strains except P. aeruginosa. While fennel and celery EOs were effective against E. coli and B. cereus strains, respectively, anise and carrot EOs did not show any antibacterial effect against the tested bacteria. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) produced four groups based on EO constituents of seven species. The potential adoption of the cultivated Apiaceae species for EO extraction could be beneficial for the wild species that are endangered by over collection and consumption.

Abstract Background The Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) was developed to be a simple, timely and cost-effective tool to track, simultaneously, nutritional deficiency and non-communicable disease risks from diet in diverse settings. The objective was to investigate the performance of GDQS as an indicator of adequate nutrient intake and dietary quality in a national-representative sample of the Brazilian population. Methods Nationally-representative data from 44,744 men and non-pregnant and non-lactating women aging ≥ 10 years, from the Brazilian National Dietary Survey were used. Dietary data were collected through two 24-h recalls (24HR). The GDQS was calculated and compared to a proxy indicator of nutrient adequate intake (the Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women—MDD-W) and to an indicator of high-risk diet for non-communicable diseases (caloric contribution from ultra-processed foods—UPF). To estimate the odds for overall nutrient inadequacy across MDD-W and GDQS quintiles, a multiple logistic regression was applied, and the two metrics’ performances were compared using Wald’s post-test. Results The mean GDQS for Brazilians was 14.5 (0–49 possible range), and only 1% of the population had a low-risk diet (GDQS ≥ 23). The GDQS mean was higher in women, elderly individuals and in higher-income households. An inverse correlation was found between the GDQS and UPF (rho (95% CI) = -0.20(-0.21;-0.19)). The odds for nutrient inadequacy were lower as quintiles of GDQS and MDD-W were higher (p-trend

Abstract In this article, we prove new common fixed-point theorems on a C ∗ $\mathscr{C}^{*}$ -algebra-valued R $\mathcal{R}$ -metric space. An example is given based on our obtained results. To enhance our results, a strong application based on the fractional-order initial value problem is provided.

Abstract Aims An elevated risk of adverse events persists for years in cardiogenic shock (CS) survivors with high mortality rate and physical/mental disability. This study aims to link clinical CS‐survivor phenotypes with distinct late host‐response patterns at intensive care unit (ICU) discharge and long‐term outcomes using model‐based clustering. Methods and results In the original prospective, observational, international French and European Outcome Registry in Intensive Care Units (FROG‐ICU) study, ICU patients with CS on admission were identified (N = 228). Among them, 173 were discharged alive from the ICU and included in the current study. Latent class analysis was applied to identify distinct CS‐survivor phenotypes at ICU discharge using 15 readily available clinical and laboratory variables. The primary endpoint was 1 year of mortality after ICU discharge. Secondary endpoints were readmission and physical/mental disability [short form‐36 questionnaire (SF‐36) score] within 1 year after ICU discharge. Two distinct phenotypes at ICU discharge were identified (A and B). Patients in Phenotype B (38%) were more anaemic and had higher circulating levels of lactate, sustained kidney injury, and persistent elevation in plasma markers of inflammation, myocardial fibrosis, and endothelial dysfunction compared with Phenotype A. They had also a higher rate of non‐ischaemic origin of CS and right ventricular dysfunction on admission. CS survivors in Phenotype B had higher 1 year of mortality compared with Phenotype A (P = 0.045, Kaplan–Meier analysis). When adjusted for traditional risk factors (i.e. age, severity of illness, and duration of ICU stay), Phenotype B was independently associated with 1 year of mortality [adjusted hazard ratio = 2.83 (95% confidence interval 1.21–6.60); P = 0.016]. There was a significantly lower physical quality of life in Phenotype B patients at 3 months (i.e. SF‐36 physical component score). Conclusions A phenotype with sustained inflammation, myocardial fibrosis, and endothelial dysfunction at ICU discharge was identified from readily available data and was independently associated with poor long‐term outcomes in CS survivors.

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of liquid fertilization through drip irrigation with nitrogenous (N) fertilizers, including ammonium sulfate and urea, compared to the application of granular fertilizers on highbush blueberry plants (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) cultivar 'Draper' during the first three years of fruit production (2020–2022). Planting of the saplings took place in April 2018, distance were 1.1 m within rows and 2.8 m between rows 3246 shrubs/ ha. Control variants (no fertilization) were identical for both fertilization methods (liquid and granular). The substrate was a mixture of soil, peat, and pine bark in a 1:1:1 ratio. Both types of fertilizers were used at three N rates, which were increased each year as the plants entered into production (70 to 95, 135 to 190, 195 to 270 kg/ha N). In the first year with liquid fertilization, the yield was 3.8 t/ha, while with granular fertilization, it was 2.7 t/ha, indicating a 29% higher yield with liquid fertilization. Additionally, the yield was 14.8% higher with ammonium sulfate compared to urea. The nitrogen concentration in the leaves with liquid fertilization reached 1.78%, while with granular fertilization, it was 1.67%. Moreover, with ammonium sulfate, it was 1.89%, and with urea, it was 1.73%. Overall, the highest total yield ranging from 16.9 to 25.9 t/ha during the first three years of production was achieved when plants were fertilized with ammonium sulfate or urea at an annual rate of 70–95 kg/ha N. Our research found that liquid fertilization is more efficient in maximizing yield and optimizing the amount of nutrients.Liquid fertilizers evenly distributed using drip irrigation, this uniform application helps ensure that all plants receive the same amount of nutriens.

Identifying vulnerable areas to erosion within the watershed and implementing best management practices (BMPs) are crucial steps in mitigating watershed degradation by minimizing sediment yields. The present study evaluates and identifies the BMPs in the Seybouse basin, northeastern Algeria, using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. After successful calibration and validation, the model demonstrated a satisfactory ability to simulate monthly discharge and sediment. Then, the calibrated model was employed to evaluate the efficacy of diverse management practices in sediment control. In the SWAT, three soil and conservation practices, as well as vegetated filter strips (VFSs), grade stabilization structures (GSSs), and terracing were evaluated. The average annual sediment yield in the Seybouse watershed is determined to be 14.43 t/ha year, constituting 71% of the total soil loss. VFS demonstrated a sediment reduction of 37.30%, GSS 20.40%, and terracing 42.30%. Among these strategies, terracing results in the greatest reduction, followed by VFS. The results of this study area can be useful for informed decision-making regarding optimal watershed management strategies. HIGHLIGHTS Model development: we have developed a robust sediment yield model (Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)) to the Seybouse basin, considering various climatic, geological, and land-use factors.; Best management practices: we have identified and assessed the effectiveness of several best management practices.; Policy implications: importance of integrating sediment management strategies into regional.;

Introduction: Implementation and regulations governing the protection of traditional knowledge is still considered less effective. The law is expected to be able to overcome various problems that arise related to the protection of traditional knowledge from the community, especially the Kei Islands community on enbal processing knowledge. Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the implementation of the protection provided by the copyright law on the ownership of a traditional knowledge which in this case is the processing of enbal traditionally done as a staple food in the Kei Islands community. Methods of the Research: The research method used is juridical empirical. Results of the Research: The results obtained are the implementation of the protection provided by the copyright law on the ownership of a traditional knowledge which in this case is the processing of enbal traditionally done as a staple food in the Kei Islands community has actually been regulated in Article 38 of the Copyright Act. However, this protection can be provided if the community continues to maintain traditional processing without the help of modern tools when processing enbal into staple foods.

Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common cardiac arrhythmia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The higher mortality is due to the risk of heart failure and cardioembolic events. This in-depth review focuses on the strategies and efficacy of catheter ablation for non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. The main medical databases were searched for contemporary studies on catheter ablation for non-paroxysmal AF. Catheter ablation is currently proven to be the most effective treatment for AF and consists of pulmonary vein isolation as the cornerstone plus additional ablations. In terms of SR maintenance, it is less effective in non-paroxysmal AF than in paroxysmal patients. but the clinical benefit in non-paroxysmal patients is substantially higher. Since pulmonary vein isolation is ineffective, a variety of techniques have been developed, e.g. linear ablations, ablation of complex atrial fractionated electrograms, etc. Another paradox consists in the technique of catheter ablation. Despite promising results in early observation studies, further randomized studies have not confirmed the initial enthusiasm. Recently, a new approach, pulsed-field ablation, appears promising. This is an in-depth summary of current technologies and techniques for the ablation of non-paroxysmal AF. We discuss the benefits, risks and implications in the treatment of patients with non-paroxysmal AF.

Summary: Background: In industrialized countries, the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) appears stabilized. This study examined the incidence and phenotype of IBD in Northern France over a 30-year period. Methods: Including all IBD patients recorded in the EPIMAD population-based registry from 1988 to 2017 in Northern France, we described the incidence and clinical presentation of IBD according to age, sex and time. Findings: A total of 22,879 incident IBD cases were documented (59% (n = 13,445) of Crohn’s disease (CD), 38% (n = 8803) of ulcerative colitis (UC), 3% (n = 631) of IBD unclassified (IBDU)). Over the study period, incidence of IBD, CD and UC was 12.7, 7.2 and 5.1 per 105 person-years, respectively. The incidence of CD increased from 5.1/105 in 1988–1990 to 7.9/105 in 2015–2017 (annual percent change (APC): +1.9%, p

Background: Rabies in Turkey is maintained by dogs, but following a sustained spill-over, red fox mediated rabies had spread from the Aegean region to the central part of Türkiye. During the past four years from 2019 to 2023 large scale efforts used oral rabies vaccination (ORV) to control rabies in red foxes. Here, we present the results of the largest ORV campaign on the Asian continent. Methods: ORV campaigns were carried out twice a year in spring and autumn with a targeted bait density of 20–23 baits/km2. Monitoring of ORV campaigns included the GIS-based analyses of bait distribution, the assessment of bait uptake through biomarker detection and the determination of seroconversion (sero-positivity in ELISA) in the target species collected within the vaccination area. For determination of fox rabies incidence in vaccination areas as the main indicator of the performance of the ORV campaigns, epidemiological data was obtained from the national passive surveillance program. Results: Aerial bait distribution was highly accurate, with >99 % of baits being recorded from targeted zones, thus meeting the desired bait densities. Although the overall bait uptake (28.1 %; 95 %CI: 23.2–32.8) and seroprevalance (36.3 %; 95 %CI: 30.0–43.2) were low, rabies incidence drastically decreased in ORV areas and rabies was eliminated from western and central parts of Turkey, with no reported cases in foxes from ORV areas in 2022 and 2023. Conclusions: A large-scale ORV campaign against fox rabies using high quality vaccine baits and the GIS-aided and monitored bait distribution was able to control fox mediated rabies in the western and central parts of Türkiye. Rabies control both in dogs and foxes should be expanded to cover also the eastern parts of Türkiye, to become eventually rabies free.

AbstractObjective To assess the impacts of Platelet-Rich Plasma(PRP) and Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor(G-CSF) on a rat model with induced ovarian follicular damage caused by cyclophosphamide(Cy).Materials and Methods Forty-two Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly allocated into seven distinct groups as; Group 1(control): NaCl intraperitoneal (IP) injection was administered on days D1, D7, and D14. Group 2(Cy):Cy IP injection on D1 + NaCl IP injection on D7 and D14 were administered. Group 3(PRP): PRP IP injection on D1,D7 and D14 were administered. Group 4(Cy + PRP):Cy IP injection on D1 and PRP IP injection on D1, D7 and D14 were administered. Group 5(G-CSF): G-CSF IP injection on D1, D7 and D14 were administered. Group 6(Cy + G-CSF):Cy IP injection on D1+ G-CSF IP injection on D1, D7 and D14 were administered. Group 7(Cy + PRP + G-CSF):Cy IP injection on D1+ PRP IP injection on D1,D7 and D14+ G-CSF IP injection on D1,D7 and D14 were administered. Follicular number, histological scores of AMH and INSL3 stained follicles at different stages of follicular development, and serum Anti-Müllerian hormone(AMH) were evaluated.Results The primary, secondary, and antral follicle intensity scores for AMH-positive staining were most prominent in Groups 3 and 5. There was no significant difference between groups 4, 6 and 7 compared to group 1 in terms of follicule counts and AMH staining. The intensity scores of AMH-positive staining follicles were notably reduced in group 2 compared to groups 4, 6, and 7, with a significant difference (p

This study aims to investigate the role of technological intelligence in enhancing the performance of start-ups in Algeria. It seeks to explore fundamental concepts such as performance and technological intelligence to bolster the efficiency of start-ups and foster economic development in the country. Employing a descriptive-analytical approach, the study distributed questionnaires to a random sample of 213 start-up companies. Additionally, it utilized an experimental approach, employing neural network modelling and fuzzy logic to test hypotheses. The study reveals that the elements of technological intelligence collectively exhibit a weak impact on the performance improvement of start-ups in Algeria. Approximately 31% of the observed weak impact of technological intelligence elements on start-up performance is attributed to the underutilization of available market technology for product development. This study underscores the importance of integrating technological intelligence into various activities of Algerian start-ups to augment performance, development, and growth. Furthermore, it aims to advance the start-up sector, alleviate unemployment challenges, integrate youth into the business landscape, and generate value addition. Moreover, the study contributes to advancing scientific research and leveraging the role of universities and research centers in supporting economic sectors through research endeavors aimed at enhancing start-up performance.

Background The increasing number of people living with HIV requires a simple and easy-to-use quality of life (QoL) scale for people living with HIV (PLWH). This study aims to adapt the PozQoL scale into Turkish and assess its reliability and validity for the PLWH population in Turkey. Methods Translation-back-translation methodology was employed, and face-to-face interviews were conducted with 130 patients using the PozQoL, socio-demographic, and clinical data questionnaire. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were utilized to identify the underlying factor structure and examine the validity of the measurement model, respectively. Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to assess internal consistency and test-retest reliability, respectively. Results EFA revealed four factors with an eigenvalue of 0.88, explaining 62.1% of the cumulative variance. CFA indicated that the four-factor solution achieved good levels of fit. The total Cronbach’s alpha was 0.81, indicating high internal consistency. The ICC for the total score was 0.92 (95% confidence interval (CI) [0.90–0.94]; p < 0.05), demonstrating high test-retest reliability. Conclusion The Turkish version of the PozQoL was found to be a valid and reliable tool for assessing the health-related QoL of PLWH in Turkey.

The paper is dedicated to developing a comprehensive analysis method of the criteria for defining the compressible thickness critical for estimating long-term settlements in buildings and structures situated on soft soils, focusing on their creep behavior. This study introduces an engineering method grounded on the criterion of soil's undrained condition within the mass, considering both elastic and residual deformations through equivalent creep deformations. Unlike previous methodologies, the proposed method facilitates the assessment of long-term settlements by incorporating creep effects over time, employing undrained shear strength for both normally consolidated and overconsolidated soils. The method enables settlement calculations based on static-sounding data, enhancing predictions' accuracy and reliability. This research endeavors to broaden the application of numerical and analytical calculations in real-world practices, employing elastoviscoplastic soil models to design structures on weak foundations.

Cervicogenic headache (CEH) is a common disorder with cervical spine-specific nociceptive headache symptoms. Cervicogenic headaches have been studied for years, but diagnosis and treatment are continually evolving. Due to non-specific criteria and its relationship with cervical degenerative illness, diagnosis may be underestimated. In many situations, it contributes to myelopathy or radiculopathy. Local anaesthetic blocks are used to confirm the diagnosis, however, non-invasive methods are being explored. Identifying the nociceptive origin improves pain management. Physical therapy and percutaneous interventional procedures are used to treat isolated CEH. However, cervical decompression and/or fusion are often performed in situations of cervical myelopathy and/or radiculopathy. Here we report a 57-year-old female with cervicogenic headache treated with anterior lower cervical discectomy to relieve cervical myelopathy and/or radiculopathy headaches.

The absolute necessity to fight some class of tumour is perceived as serious health concerns, and the discovery and development of effective anticancer agents are urgently needed. So, the novel benzimidazole derivatives (2a-b) were designed, synthesized, with their structures rigorously characterized using single X-ray crystallography, FT-IR, UV, and NMR spectroscopy, alongside elemental analysis. The geometric structures were optimized using density functional theory (DFT) calculations performed at the ωB97X-D/cc-pVDZ level, yielding good agreement with experimental XRD data. The studied salt complexes exhibited the ability to absorb UV light at 275 nm. Furthermore, anticancer activity of the compounds was screened against (MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, HT-29 and healthy cell line (HF)) and revealed the remarkable efficacy of select newly synthesized Benzimidazole derivatives (2a-b). Compound 2a showed relative significant higher cytotoxicity (165.02) in MDA-MB-231 cancer cell line. This underscores their promising potential in therapeutic applications, affirming their role as valuable contenders in the pursuit of novel anticancer agents.

Abstract Introduction Overexpression of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) on the vasculature of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) presents a promising avenue for targeted endogenous radiotherapy with [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T. This study aimed to assess and compare the therapeutic efficacy of a single dose with a fractionated dose of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T in an orthotopic model of TNBC. Methods Rj:NMRI-Foxn1 nu/nu mice were used as recipients of MDA-MB-231 xenografts. The single dose group was treated with 1 × 60 ± 5 MBq dose of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T, while the fractionated dose group received 4 × a 15 ± 2 MBq dose of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T at 7 day intervals. The control group received 0.9% NaCl. Tumor progression was monitored using [18F]FDG-PET/CT. Ex vivo analysis encompassed immunostaining, TUNEL staining, H&E staining, microautoradiography, and autoradiography. Results Tumor volumes were significantly smaller in the single dose (p

The Levin-Nohel equations play key roles in the interpretation of real phenomena and have interesting applications in engineering and science areas, such as mathematical physics, mathematical biology, image processing, and numerical analyses. This article investigates a new structure for the delay neutral Levin-Nohel integrodifferential (NLNID) system via a Hilfer fractional derivative and is supplemented by initial and instantaneous impulse conditions. A fractional integral equation corresponding to the proposed system is derived and used to prove the existence and uniqueness of the solution with the help of the Banach contraction principle. Additionally, the Ulam-Hyers-Mittag-Leffler (UHML) stability is studied by utilizing the generalized Gronwall's inequality and nonlinear analysis issues. As a consequence, the Ulam-Hyers (UH) stability and generalized UH are also deduced. Furthermore, the Riemann-Liouville ($ \mathcal{R.L.} $) and Caputo fractional versions of the proposed system are discussed. Finally, numerical applications supported with tables and graphics are provided to test the exactitude of the findings.

Medial arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS) is an anatomoclinical entity underestimated in most situations due to the lack of specific signs. However, the consequences can be disastrous if the diagnosis is not seriously considered and investigations are not fully undertaken to confirm this hypothesis. We report a case of Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome in a young woman who presented to the Emergency Department with moderate postprandial pain. All investigations were carried out promptly, with no abnormalities, and the diagnosis was retained on the evidence of a well-performed and appropriately interpreted abdominal CT. This case illustrates a rare cause of epigastralgia simulating a surgical emergency. This condition should be considered when biological and often radiological investigations are inconclusive. The relative youth of the patient is often suggestive, but confirmation is based on a CT scan with injection of a well-technical contrast product, or angiography. Treatment is debatable between a conservative approach and surgery. Surgical approach is discussed depending on the degree of vascular stenosis and the impact on the digestive tract. However, the recurrence of symptoms may be a contributory factor in the therapeutic decision. The impact could be lethal depending on the degree of stenosis and consequently on the repercussions on the digestive tract. A multidisciplinary approach is required for its management.