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Abstract Background Plantar fasciitis (PF) is the most common cause of heel pain affecting both young active patients and older sedentary individuals. It most often arises as a result of degenerative changes in the proximal plantar fascia. Aim The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of extracorporeal shockwave on gait parameters in patients with plantar fasciitis. Design A randomized controlled clinical trial. Setting The outpatient physiotherapy clinic of the teaching hospital Shibin El Kom. Methods Participants were randomly divided into two equal groups. Group (A) (study group): received extracorporeal shockwave therapy one session per week and traditional treatment (ultrasound, stretching exercises, and strengthening exercises) three sessions per week for 4 weeks. Group (B)(the control group): received traditional treatment (ultrasound, stretching exercises, and strengthening exercises) 3 sessions per week for 4 weeks. The pre- and post-treatment development of the patients was evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS) to measure pain, foot function index (FFI) to measure foot function, and Kinovea software to analyze gait parameters (stride length, stride time, walking speed, and cadence). Results Both groups showed improvement in all study variables, but the study group showed more improvement. There was a statistically significant decrease in VAS (p = 0.001), a significant decrease in FFI (p = 0.001), a significant increase in stride length (p = 0.001), a significant decrease in stride time (p = 0.001), a significant increase in walking speed (p = 0.001), and a significant increase in cadence (p = 0.01) post-treatment compared to group (B). Conclusion Extracorporeal shockwave treatment is regarded as a useful treatment for improving gait parameters in patients with plantar fasciitis. Clinical rehabilitation impact Extracorporeal shockwave therapy improved gait parameters in patients with plantar fasciitis as it increases stride length, walking speed, cadence, and decreases stride time. So, it is recommended to be included in the rehabilitation program for patients with plantar fasciitis and gait disabilities.

Pesticide residues in food are a global concern due to their potential impacts on human health and the environment. This study investigates pesticide residues in vegetables commonly consumed in Egypt, utilizing advanced analytical techniques such as Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and Gas Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). A total of 4200 vegetable samples, including cucumber, squash, eggplant, okra, peas, onion, green onion, parsley, lettuce, and cantaloupe, were collected from 20 markets across different Egyptian governorates between 2018 and 2021. The analysis revealed that 42% of the samples contained pesticide residues, with only 13% of the analyzed samples exceeding the maximum residue limits (MRLs) established by Codex/EU-MRL standards. Despite this, the estimated daily intake (EDI) of the detected pesticides did not surpass acceptable daily intake (ADI) limits, suggesting no immediate chronic health risks to consumers. These findings highlight Egypt's ongoing commitment to food safety, while also underscoring the importance of continuous monitoring and the promotion of sustainable agricultural practices to ensure the long-term safety and quality of the food supply. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corn is the second most widely farmed grain for human consumption. Low corn productivity due to damage caused by pests has led to using pesticides to control pest infestations. However, the uncontrolled application of pesticides on corn harms both environmental and human health. Accordingly, field experiments followed good agricultural practices to investigate the dissipation pattern and terminal residues of chlorfenapyr and methomyl in corn and compare the values with established safety limits. Gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometer coupled with the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe technique was used to analyze residues of chlorfenapyr and methomyl in corn. The average recoveries varied from 94% to 105%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 8%–13% for chlorfenapyr and from 99% to 111%, with RSDs of 10–16% for methomyl. Chlorfenapyr and methomyl residues degraded in corn following a first‐order kinetic model, with an estimated half‐life (t1/2) of 3.9 and 2.8 days, respectively, and significant degradation (91.4%–98.1.5%, respectively) after 14 days. Although the maximum residue limits of chlorfenapyr and methomyl for corn are yet to be formulated in Egypt, the long‐term dietary risk for those pesticides was acceptable, with arisk quotient < 100%, according to the national assessments. These findings are required to guide the correct and safe application of these insecticides in Egypt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

تحضر الراتنجات المخلبيه الأمينية من خلال البلمره المعلقة لكل من ارثو امينوفينول وجليسيديل ميث اكريلات (GMA + O.APh) ووصف البوليمر والراتنج المحضر باستخدام جهاز التحليل العنصرى وجهاز التحليل بالأشعة تحت الحمراء . تؤثر عوامل مختلفة على امتصاص الايونات الفلزية بالراتنج مثل الرقم الهيدروجيني، تركيز ايونات الفلز ، زمن المعالجة بالإضافة الى الحجم الأيوني . تمتص الأيونات الفلزية المختلفة مثل ( Hg2+, Cd2+ Pb2+, Zn2+, Mn2+ ,Co2+ Cu2+ , Ni2+) على الراتنج عند قيم مختلفة من الرقم الهيدروجيني ، توضح النتائج المتحصل عليها أن امتزاز الأيونات يزداد بزياده الرقم الهيدروجيني وتكون القيمة المثلى للرقم الهيدروجيني عند (4.3-5.7) اعتماداً على نوع الأيون المستخدم ، وسعه الامتزاز بين (2.01-3) مل مول/جم راتنج عند تركيز ابتدائي 0.005 مولار . أجرى امتزاز أيونات الفلزات على الراتنج عند تركيزات مختلفة ، وأوضحت النتائج المتحصل عليها أن امتزاز الأيونات يزداد بزياده التركيز حتى الوصول لحاله الاتزان، وتظهر قيمه التركيز المثالى عند (0.005-0.03) مولار اعتماداً على نوع الفلز المستخدم، وتتراوح سعه الامتزاز بين (2.97-6.0) ملى مول/جم راتنج. أيضا وجد ان إمتزاز الأيونات على الراتنج يزداد بانخفاض نصف قطر الأيون ، وكذلك بزيادة الوقت المستخدم فى المعالجة حتى الوصول لحاله الاتزان . وأن للراتنج تأثير ملحوظ على إمتزاز الأيونات عند استخدام طريقه العمود وطريقه الدفعات. وكذا يتم ازاله الفلزات من الراتنج بالغسيل بمحلول حمض النيتريك (2 مولار) ، ويعاد استخدامه أكثر من مرة.

This study includes an environmentally and effectively green method for the synthesis of novel 2H‐pyran derivatives 4 a–hvia a one‐pot reaction of different aromatic aldehydes 1 a–h with ethyl cyanoacetate (2) and 2‐acetylphenyl‐4‐tolylsulfonate (3) in the presence of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) as a green catalyst in an aqueous mixed solution (EtOH: H2O, 1 : 3 ratio) using microwave irradiation. The structure of all prouducts were confirmed by spectral data and elemental analysis. All compounds were investigated for anti‐inflammatory activity compared with celecoxib as a reference drug. The obtained results indicate that 2‐[4‐(4‐tosyl oxy phenyl)‐3‐cyano‐2‐oxo‐2H‐pyran‐6‐yl]phenyl 4‐tolylsulfonate (4 b) is the most anti‐inflammatory effective, which showed after 5 h., significantly inhibited inflammation compared with the carrageenan alone group (P < 0.0001)., and when compared to the treated group with celecoxib, inflammation was inhibited 42.38 % for compound 4 b compared to celecoxib 48.39 % simultaneously. Moreover, its histopathological examination was studied and showed a significant attenuation of inflammation and edema. The results indicated that pyran derivatives could serve as promising lead compounds for further optimization as anti‐inflammatory agents. The present protocol offers several advantages, such as inexpensive, easy work, pure products, shorter reaction times, excellent yields, environmental friendliness, and easy reuse of the catalyst several times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current paper, nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) was successfully applied as a sustainable effective and recoverable catalyst for the preparation of 2-amino-4H pyran derivatives 2-11 via one-pot, threecomponent reaction of 4-formylphenyl-4-methyl benzenesulfonate (1) with malononitrile and active methylene compounds in green solvent water and ethanol in ratio (3:1) in excellent yield (95-98%) and shorter reaction time (5-8 min). The structures of the pyran derivatives were elucidated by elemental and spectral analyses such as IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and DEPT 135 spectra. Moreover, the characterization of the catalyst after and before the reaction were studied using X-ray diffraction (X-RD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), EDX techniques and IR-spectra. It has been indicated that catalyst has the same efficiency. The application of this protocol has many advantages such as eco-friendly, inexpensive, simple protocol and easy recovery of the catalyst. Overall products are designed, synthesized and studied for their anti-microbial evaluation. It has been found that is compounds 2, 3, 7 and 10 are the most active against antibacterial compression with the stander drug Ampicillin. On the other hand, Compounds 2, 3, 8, and 11 displayed the most promising antifungal activities with Amphotericin B. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. This paper aims to assess the distribution of uranium and thorium ore grade distribution to produce a uranium potential map and estimate of the uranium ore reserves in the Gattar-V area, Eastern Desert, Egypt. Methods. Multidisciplinary approach is applied to determine the equivalent uranium mineralization in the Gattar-V area. It includes geological (petrographical, mineralogical and geochemical) and geostatistical (kriging analysis and variogram models) methods. Findings. Geological studies show that the U-mineralization located along or near the contact between younger granites and Hammamat sediments exhibits episyenitization and bleaching alteration, respectively. Geochemical studies indicate a strong relationship between U-mineralization and Chemical Alteration Index (CIA), alteration features, and associated hydrothermal solution mineralization. The geostatistical method is used to study the behavior and distribution of U and Th in both younger granites and Hammamat sediments. The Total Gamma, eU, and eTh values are used in kriging analysis and variogram models to determine their spatial dependence and perform a spatial interpolation of sparse measurements and deposition level map. Originality. The use of a multidisciplinary method combining petrographical, mineralogical and geochemical investigations with geostatistical analysis allowed for a quantitative evaluation of the spatial location of geological objects such as uranium mineralization in the area. Practical implications. Variogram models and kriging analysis can also be used to assess the lithological composition of rocks and mineralogical phases, and they also provide a clear vision of the elements distributed in the ore, which is very useful during the planning and production stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lead‑zinc deposits on the Egyptian Red Sea coast are hosted within a syn -rift system's carbonate platform; however, their origin is still under discussion. This study has used an integrated geological, petrographic, and geochemical analysis of these deposits along seven localities to investigate the record of the main processes that controlled their onset and evolution. Two main zones of mineralization are distinguished: an exposed upper zone composed essentially of smithsonite, hydrozincite, hemimorphite, goethite, and hematite with relics of galena, and a lower zone composed mainly of galena, sphalerite, and pyrite with minor amounts of marcasite. Geochemically, these deposits are depleted in Na, K, Al, Ti, and Nb but are enriched in Mo, Cd, and As. The chondrite-normalized patterns of Pb-Zn-bearing samples show pronounced negative Ce and Eu anomalies, whereas the pattern of the host rocks shows a distinctive pattern with pronounced negative Ce and positive Eu anomalies. The isotope geochemistry analysis of the present lead‑zinc-host rocks shows negative values of δ18O and δ13C in the saddle dolomite-II, dolomite-III, and Zn-dolomite, all of which reflect the effects of dolomitization by hydrothermal fluids. Based on mode of occurrence, texture, mineralogy, and geochemistry, the studied lead‑zinc deposits were formed in two stages: an early stage marked by the participation of primary sulfide ores from hydrothermal solutions, and a late stage involving the replacement of the precursor primary sulfides by means of surface water. These Pb-Zn ore deposits hosted in carbonate rocks are genetically considered to be of Mississippi Valley-type and could constitute important clues, taking into account their wide distribution, for the exploration of new targets of lead‑zinc in addition to a better understanding of the origin of lead‑zinc deposits in the Middle East area and provides important information to improve future mining in the area. • Genesis and evolution of syn-rift Pb-Zn deposits along the Red Sea coast, Egypt • Lead-zinc deposits were formed in two stages. • Lead-zinc deposits are genetically considered to be of the Mississippi Valley type. • Important clues for the exploration of new targets of lead-zinc in the Middle East • Isotope analysis reflects the effects of dolomitization by hydrothermal fluids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fungal diseases like downy and powdery mildews are a risk of high importance for strawberry cultivation in Egypt. In the current work, the dissipation behaviour of tebuconazole, a triazole fungicide widely used worldwide, was studied and the safety to the consumers from the terminal residues in the fruits was estimated. Supervised trials on open field strawberries were concluded using the authorised and more critical agricultural practices. Residues were measured at several PHIs using an LC-MS/MS methodology with an extraction procedure based on the QuEChERS protocol. The method was successfully validated with an LOQ of 0.001 mg kg−1. In all PHIs investigated a consumer risk was not identified. A decline of tebuconazole residues in fruits fit a first-order decay process with a degradation of 81% after 14 days and a calculated t1/2 of 6.3 days [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, pumice is used as a novel natural heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2-(1H)-ones/thiones via the one-pot multi-component condensation of aromatic aldehydes, urea/thiourea, and ethyl acetoacetate or acetylacetone in excellent yields (up to 98%). The physical and chemical properties of the catalyst were studied. Their geochemical analysis revealed a basaltic composition. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction showed that it is composed of amorphous materials with clinoptilolite and heulandites zeolite minerals in its pores. Moreover, pumice has a porosity range from 78.2–83.9% (by volume) and is characterized by a mesoporous structure (pore size range from 21.1 to 64.5 nm). Additionally, it has a pore volume between 0.00531 and 0.00781 m2/g and a surface area between 0.053 and 1.47 m2/g. The latter facilitated the reaction to proceed in a short time frame as well as in excellent yields. It is worth noting that our strategy tolerates the use of readily available, cheap, non-toxic, and thermally stable pumice catalyst. The reactions proceeded smoothly under solvent-free conditions, and products were isolated without tedious workup procedures in good yields and high purity. Indeed, pumice can be reused for at least five reuse cycles without affecting its activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

في هذاا البتمذص ل الح ذول لذى الحجذم المذولاري الظذاهري لذبعض الأحمذاض الأمينيذة في مخذاليط الإيثذانول المذا نذد يرايذزات مختل ذة . امذا ضوتذتمد الدرا ذة ضن الحجذم المذولاري الظذاهري يذزداد دزيذاد ذدد - ذرات الكردذون المودذود في لسذلة الألكيذل لأحمذاض الأمينيذة . ول حسذاط طاقذات التنشذيط للسذريان اللذزج لبعض الأحماض الأمينية ند دردة 25م

في هذا البحث تم قياس كثافة المحاليل المائية لبعض أملاح فلزات انتقالية في مدي واسع من التراكيز عند 298.15 K . وقد تم تطوير معادلات إستكمالية يمكن بواسطتها حساب الكثافات عند التراكيز المختلفة ، كما تضمن البحث تعيين الموصلية النوعية واللزوجة لهذه المحاليل في نفس درجة الحرارة . وقد جري أيضاً تقصّي طبيعة هذه الخواص ، ومدي اعتمادها على التركيز عند ثبات درجة الحرارة .

في هذا البحث تمت دراسة كلوريدات ، كبريتات ، ونترات أيونات فلزات إنتقالية ثنائية وثلاثية الشحنة بطريقة القياس الجهدي بالاستعانة بالكترود مجمع ومؤلف من إلكترود pH زجاجي ، والكترود كالوميل مشبع مرجعي عند 250C بدون إضافة أية الكتروليتات داعمة . ولقد تم تقصي تتابع التغيرات في حامضية هذه المحاليل المائية كدالة في درجة التميه والخواص الثرموديناميكية للكاتيونات والأنيونات . كما عرض هذا البحث نتائج الدراسات عن حالة الأيونات في المحاليل المائية عند 250C، ونوقشت عمليات التمية والتميؤ والبلمرة وتكوين المعقدات المتضمنة لهذه الأيونات كدالة لتراكيز مركباتها ، و pH الوسط ، وطبيعة الكاتيونات والأنيونات ، وعموماً ، لوحظ إتفاقاً كيفي بين نتائج هذه الدراسة والنتائج المتوقعة بناءً على كل من الحسابات الميكانيكية الكمية لاعتماد طاقة التمية على شحنة الكاتيونات وبعض الدراسات النظرية الأخرى .

في هذا البحث جرى قياس الموصلية الكهربائية ، اللزوجة ، والأس الهيدروجيني للمحاليل المائية لبعض أملاح الفلزات الانتقالية على مدى واسع من التراكيز عند 25°C . وقد لوحظ أن أيسوثرمات المواصلة النوعية مقابل التركيز تمر بنهايات عظمى . ولقد أظهرت النتائج دلائل على وجود علاقة بين التراكيز عند النهاية العظمى للموصلية الكهربائية ، وتميؤ وشحنة ، ودرجة ترابط النوعيات الكيميائية المتذاوبة في المحلول . فقد وجد أن ازدياد التميؤ يؤدي إلى نقصان التركيز عند النهاية العظمى ، وأن المواد الإلكتروليتية ذات الشحنات المتشابهة تتميز بنهايات عظمى تقع في نفس مدى التركيز . ومما اقترحته نتائج هذه الدراسة أنه في مدى التركيز المقابل للنهاية العظمى الموصلية الكهربائية يحدث تغير في تركيب المحلول من التركيب المشابه للماء إلى تركيب الإلكتروليت السائل .

A simple, rapid and environmentally compatible method involving quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) extraction technique for simultaneous detection of azoxystrobin residues in strawberry was optimised and validated. Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) was also used for quantitative and confirmatory analysis of azoxystrobin residues in strawberry. Recoveries ranged between 96% and 111% and repeatability (expressed as percentage relative standard deviation, % RSD) typically <11% has been well achieved. The dissipation pattern of azoxystrobin in different treatments level, based on the most critical field use patterns was reported utilising the method developed in this study. The results revealed that the degradation of azoxystrobin in strawberry followed first-order kinetics (R2 > 0.974) with estimated half-life value of 8.45 days. Considering the terminal residues and the maximum residue limit (MRL, 10 mg kg−1) in strawberry, and based on this study, it is safe to harvest strawberry 3 days after applying azoxystrobin even at rated higher the recommended one with exaggerated, suggesting that the use of this compound is safe for humans. The results could provide a guidance to fully evaluate the risks of azoxystrobin to consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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