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This work is a presentation of the Excel software containing 15 computing sheets and proposed problems in order to improve the students' abilities to perform calculus about banking specific area. Thus calculus related to bank deposits, taking a loan, refinancing a credit and leasing operations are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To report clinical outcome after use of an interlocking nail (ILN) for stabilization of diaphyseal fractures in dogs and cats. Study design: Prospective study. Animals: Six client-owned dogs and cats. Methods: Interlocking nails (4 or 5mm diameter for 3 cats and 6 or 8 mm for 3 dogs) were used in femoral diaphyseal fractures treatments. Data about the patient (species, breed, weight, age), characteristics of the fracture, details of the surgery and perioperative complications were recorded. We evaluated functional outcome and fracture healing at 30 and 60 days after surgery. Results: Femoral fractures in 3 dogs and 3cats were repaired. Two of the fractures were comminuted. Clinical outcome was excellent in all cases. The six cases were x-ray evaluated at 60 days after surgery and healed without complication. Conclusion: The high success rate associated with a functional outcome suggests that ILN can be used to stabilize diaphyseal fractures in dogs and cats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identification of locomotor changes induced by osteochondral lesions in the femorotibial joint in dogs. Movement of the femorotibial joint in dogs with osteochondral lesions showed a decreasing of both flexion and extension during the stance phase. Coxofemoral joint was characterized by increased movement of the extension during the stance phase, especially from the mid-stance to the end of stance phase. The obtained data for Post-lesion dogs could be used for comparison with data obtained during/after the treatment of osteochondral lesions, to assess the possibility of normal motion recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates, whether or not, the limited contact design of the low-contact dynamic compression plate provides advantages over the dynamic compression plate in the context of tibial osseous defects. On forty dogs, tibial defects were performed and treated differently, being covered only with periosteum, periosteum fixed with DCP/LC-DCP or filled with matrices loaded with autologus periosteal cells and fixed with DCP/LC-DCP. During nine weeks, every seven days, all the subjects were submitted to X-Ray exam. All used repairing modalities of osseous defects were viable and followed by healing in the physiological time limits. The use of dynamic compression plates involves a prolonged periosteal reaction that was not founded in correct placement of low-contact dynamic compression plate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was made on healthy common breed dogs on which, under general anesthesia, bone defects were made. For treatment were used scaffolds with hydroxyapatite-collagen support loaded with mesenchymal stem cells or the bone hole was covered with autologus periosteal flap. Evaluation of the healing process was made by clinical and, x-Ray exam. In guiding osseous regeneration in dog autologous periosteum has similar capacity, even better than autologous mesenchymal stem cells loaded on collagen impregnated with hydroxyapatite scaffolds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research has been carried out on twenty normothermic mature shorthair dogs admitted for major surgery. Group I were infused with amino acid mixture and group II with Ringer lactate. Esophageal and rectal temperatures were recorded during perioperative period, for about 130 minutes. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of amino acids mixture infusion for prevention of hypothermia development in anesthetized dogs undergoing major surgery. In the amino acids-treated group the body temperature was maintained over critical values, and the moderate decrease in temperature was well tolerated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An abstract of the article "Social Entrepreneurship in Romania," by Marius Mircea Sabau is presented.

Objective: At present, minimal invasive direct coronary artery grafting is the least invasive nonrobotic surgical approach to revascularize the left anterior descending artery with the left internal mammary artery. Total endoscopic coronary bypass grafting is performed with the help of a telemanipulator ("robot"). A prospective proof-of-concept study was initiated to investigate a nonrobotic total endoscopic coronary bypass grafting approach., Methods: Twenty patients with significant left anterior descending artery or left main stem lesion were operated on via three or four left thoracic access ports. Under exclusive endoscopic vision, the left internal mammary artery was harvested and anastomosed to the left anterior descending artery manually. Cardiopulmonary bypass and cardioplegic arrest were planned in all cases., Results: In 10 patients, the operation was completed successfully as nonrobotic total endoscopic coronary bypass grafting. Reasons for conversions to minimal invasive direct coronary artery grafting or conventional sternotomy were dense pleural adhesions (3 patients), bleeding of the anastomosis (3), diffuse bleeding during left internal mammary artery harvesting (2), identification problems of the target artery (1), or left internal mammary artery failure (1). Postoperative angiography in five primarily successful nonrobotic total endoscopic coronary bypass grafting patients showed patent anastomoses in four cases. One patient was reoperated on for early anastomotic failure in a 1.0-mm target vessel. Until now, a percutaneous coronary intervention of remaining lesions as staged hybrid procedure was performed in three patients (2 nonrobotic total endoscopic coronary bypass grafting, 1 minimal invasive direct coronary artery grafting)., Conclusions: With a thoroughly surveyed learning curve, nonrobotic total endoscopic coronary bypass grafting procedure could become an alternative to other available treatment options; however, the value of the procedure has to be further investigated.