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The operation of the electrical systems is a major problem for electrical companies’ subject to uncertainties threatening. In this study, the optimal management of the energy demand in the electrical distribution grid is done by interval optimization approach under electrical price uncertainty. The management of the energy demand is implemented via incentive-based modelling of the demand response programs (DRPs). The incentive-based modelling as reserve, and based on bid price for reduction of the electrical demand at peak hours is proposed. The interval optimization approach is used for the minimization of the electrical price uncertainty effects. The main objective in the proposed approach is minimizing operation cost; epsilon-constraint method is utilized to solve the problem. Finally, an electrical distribution grid has been used at various case studies to numerical simulation results and positive effects of the proposed modelling under uncertainties.

Buildings account for sixty percent of the world’s total annual energy consumption; therefore, it is essential to find ways to reduce the amount of energy used in this sector. The road administration organization in Jakarta, Indonesia, utilized a questionnaire as well as the insights of industry experts to determine the most effective energy optimization parameters. It was decided to select variables such as the wall and ceiling materials, the number and type of windows, and the wall and ceiling insulation thickness. Several different modes were evaluated using the DesignBuilder software. Training the data with a supported vector machine (SVM) revealed the relationship between the inputs and the two critical outputs, namely the amount of energy consumption and CO2 production, and the ant colony algorithm was used for optimization. According to the findings, the ratio of the north and east windows to the wall in one direction is 70 percent, while the ratio of the south window to the wall in the same direction ranges from 35 to 50 percent. When the ratio and percentage of the west window to the west wall is between 60 and 70 percent, the amount of produced energy and CO2 is reduced to negligible levels.