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19. MULTIDRUG RESISTANT SALMONELLA SPECIES ISOLATED FROM FUFU GRINDING MACHINES IN GHANA.

Author

Suglo, P., Kpordze, W. S., and Saba, C. K. S.

Subjects
GRINDING machines, SALMONELLA diseases, SALMONELLA, MULTIDRUG resistance, SALMONELLA detection, CEFTRIAXONE, ANTIBIOTICS, CEFTAZIDIME
Abstract

Multidrug resistant Salmonella infection has become one of the most dangerous health concerns in Sub-Saharan Africa. Most previous research shows that food and water are the sources of the human Salmonella infection in Ghana. This article examines Salmonella contamination of fufu, a thick paste prepared from pounded boiled tubers, traditionally prepared using pestle and mortar, a common food in West and Central Africa. The fufu grinding machine, a new technology for grinding fufu, is gaining root in many parts of Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in the urban areas where most people are inclined to use machines to minimize drudgery, leaving behind the traditional way which involves the use of a wooden mortar and pestle. To investigate the sources of these contaminations, 100 samples were collected from 50 randomly sampled fufu grinding machines in the Tamale Metropolis to examine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella species. Fufu samples (SA) and fufu wash-out samples (SB) were collected from each grinding machine as described in ISO 6579:2002 protocol for the detection of Salmonella in food. Of the total 100 samples, 27% were confirmed Salmonella positive, of which 16 were fufu samples while 11 were fufu wash-out samples. Forty-eight percent (48%) of the 50 machines were contaminated with Salmonella. Contamination of wooden machines (85.7%) was higher as compared with the metallic machines (41.9%). The resistance levels of the isolates to the various antibiotics used were as follows: gentamicin (7.1%), nitrofurantoin (18.5%), ciprofloxacin (22.2%), erythromycin (81.5%), ceftazidime (85.2%) and ceftriaxone (88.9%). More of the isolates were resistant to three or more antibiotics (81.5% multidrug resistance). From this research, it can be concluded that there is high prevalence of Salmonella isolated from fufu grinding machines in the Tamale metropolis. Measures must be taken by the regulatory authorities to ensure that fufu prepared in grinding machines is safer. Also, awareness creation on antibiotic resistance and strict enforcement of laws on self-prescriptions of drugs would help avert multidrug resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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31. Liposome as nanocarrier: Site targeted delivery in lung cancer

Author

Humaira Balouch, Noreen Samad, Saba C Saba Noreen, Aqal Zaman, Kanza Tehreem, Najeeb Ullah, and Zara Zara Ahmad

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Liposome, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, lcsh:RC955-962, Chemistry, Radiolabelling, Nebulizer, lcsh:R, lcsh:Medicine, 02 engineering and technology, Targeted drug delivery system, respiratory system, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, medicine, Cancer research, Nanocarriers, Cancers, 0210 nano-technology, Lung cancer
Abstract

Lung cancer is fatal and spreading rapidly worldwide. Different clinical strategies are applied to stop this cancer. As the lung is a delicate organ, special clinical applications must be used and nanodrugs delivery systems are the most important applications of all. This review discusses the lung problems such as lung cancer, lung inflammation and bronchi constrictions followed by repetitive intake of some drugs. The objective of this review is to study how nanodrug delivery systems were synthesized and used in lung disorder treatment especially in lung cancer. The authors studied some articles from 1989 to 2015. Liposome encapsulation was done in various ways for the delivery of different drugs such as metaproterenol into liposomes caused bronchodilation, immunoliposomes bearing antibodies for doxorubicin reduced 50% inhibitory effects, radioliposomes with high penetrating ability to peripheral airways, aerosol delivery systems with deep pulmonary deposition, polymeric drug delivery having potential to improve beneficial index of drug, solid lipid liposomes, liposomal gentamicin with altered different clinical susceptibilities of resistance, transferrin conjugated liposomes to deliver cytostatic drugs to site of lungs, anti-inflammatory drugs with mannosylated liposomes, liposomal suspensions with single stranded RNAs and peptide encapsulation of liposomes. This review indicates that many animals perished with intravenous administration of drugs but survived in liposomal targeting groups.

Published
2017
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32. Early determinants of thyroid function outcomes in children with congenital hypothyroidism and a normally located thyroid gland: a regional Cohort Study

Author

Carel Jc, Guilmin-Crepon S, Dos Santos S, Anne Paulsen, Jeremy Haignere, Martinerie L, Simon D, Saba C, Storey C, D. Zenaty, Mohamed D, and Leger J

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.anatomical_structure, business.industry, Thyroid, Medicine, Thyroid function, business, medicine.disease, Cohort study, Congenital hypothyroidism
Published
2019
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38. OIL OR FLAXSEED FLOUR REDUCES PANCREATIC ISLET AREA BUT DOES NOT AFFECT SERUM INSULIN, AT WEANING, IN MALE WISTAR RATS

Author

D’Avila Pereira, A., primary, Cavalcante Ribeiro, D., additional, de Sousa dos Santos, A., additional, Ferolla da Camara Boueri, B., additional, Ribeiro Pessanha, C., additional, Duque Coutinho de Abreu, M., additional, Pessoa Rozeno, L., additional, Cristina Alves do Nascimento-Saba, C., additional, Guillermo Coca Velarde, L., additional, Soares da Costa, C.A., additional, and Teles Boaventura, G., additional

Published
2018
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39. Geographical differences in survival of dogs with non-Hodgkin lymphoma treated with a CHOP based chemotherapy protocol

Author

Wilson-Robles, H., Budke, C. M., Miller, T., Dervisis, Nikolaos G., Novosad, A., Wright, Z., Thamm, D. H., Vickery, K., Burgess, K., Childress, M., Lori, J., Saba, C., Rau, S., Silver, M., Post, G., Reeds, K., Gillings, S., Schleis, S., Stein, T., Brugmann, B., DeRegis, C., Smrkovski, O., Lawrence, J., Laver, T., Wilson-Robles, H., Budke, C. M., Miller, T., Dervisis, Nikolaos G., Novosad, A., Wright, Z., Thamm, D. H., Vickery, K., Burgess, K., Childress, M., Lori, J., Saba, C., Rau, S., Silver, M., Post, G., Reeds, K., Gillings, S., Schleis, S., Stein, T., Brugmann, B., DeRegis, C., Smrkovski, O., Lawrence, J., and Laver, T.

Abstract

Background: In humans geographical differences in the incidence and presentation of various cancers have been reported. However, much of this information has not been collected in veterinary oncology. Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine if a geographic difference in progression free survival exists for dogs with lymphoma treated within the US. Materials and Methods: Medical records of 775 cases of canine lymphoma from 3 US regions (west, south and north), treated with CHOP chemotherapy, were retrospectively evaluated. Cases were collected from referral institutions and were required to have received at least one doxorubicin treatment and have follow up information regarding time to progression. Results: Significant differences in sex (p = 0.05), weight (p = 0.049), stage (p < 0.001), immunophenotype (p = <0.001), and number of doxorubicin doses (p = 0.001) were seen between regions. Upon univariate analysis, progression free survival (PFS) differed by region (p = 0.006), stage (p = 0.009), sub-stage (p = 0.0005), and immunophenotype (p = 0.001). A multivariable Cox regression model showed that dogs in the western region had a significantly shorter PFS when compared to the south and east. Conclusions: PFS was significantly affected by stage, sub-stage and phenotype.

Published
2017
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43. Epilogue

Author

Hediger, Vinzenz, Noordegraaf, Julia, Le Maitre, Barbara, and Saba, Cosetta G.

Published
2013

44. Index

Author

Hediger, Vinzenz, Noordegraaf, Julia, Le Maitre, Barbara, and Saba, Cosetta G.

Published
2013

46. List of contributors

Author

Hediger, Vinzenz, Noordegraaf, Julia, Le Maitre, Barbara, and Saba, Cosetta G.

Published
2013

48. 9. Exhibition Strategies

Author

Hediger, Vinzenz, Noordegraaf, Julia, Le Maitre, Barbara, and Saba, Cosetta G.

Published
2013

50. 7. Technological Platforms

Author

Hediger, Vinzenz, Noordegraaf, Julia, Le Maitre, Barbara, and Saba, Cosetta G.

Published
2013

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