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Abstract Background Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death. There are limited therapeutic options for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic colorectal cancers which fail first-line chemotherapy. Phase I/II studies showed that the combined application of the raltitrexed and irinotecan has significant synergistic effect and acceptable toxicity. However, most of these previous studies have relatively small sample size. Methods This is a prospective open-label, single-arm, multi-center, Phase II trial. Brief inclusion criteria: patients were aged 18 to 75 years with locally advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer after failure of 5-FU and oxaliplatin therapy. Enrolled patients received raltitrexed (3 mg/m2, d1) and irinotecan (180 mg/m2, d1) each 21-day cycle until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival, and the secondary endpoints were disease control rate, objective response rate, overall survival and safety. Results A total of 108 patients were enrolled between September 2016 and May 2020. The median age was 61 years, ECOG 1 score accounts for 67.6%, the rest were ECOG 0. A total of 502 cycles were completed, with an average of 4.6 cycles and a median of 4 cycles. 108 patients were evaluated, with an objective response rate of 17.6%, and disease control rate of 76.9%. The median follow-up time was 27 months (range:3.1–61.0 m) at data cut-off on March 2023. Median progression-free survival was 4.9 months (95% CI 4.1–5.7) and median overall survival was 13.1 months (95% CI 12.2–15.5). The most common adverse events that were elevated are alanine aminotransferase increased, aspartate aminotransferase increased, fatigue, diarrhoea, neutrocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypohemoglobin, and leukocytopenia. Most of the adverse events were Grade I/II, which were relieved after symptomatic treatment, and there were no treatment-related cardiotoxicities and deaths. Conclusions The combination of raltitrexed and irinotecan as second-line treatment for mCRC could be a reliable option after failure of standard 5-Fu-first-line chemotherapy in locally advanced or metastatic colorectal cancers, especially for patients with 5-FU intolerance (cardiac events or DPD deficiency patients). Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03053167, registration date was 14/2/2017.

Researchers have recognized the potential of using Mobile Serious Games (MSG) in teaching various subject matters. However, it is not clear how MSG impacts students differently based on their in-game performance. To fill this gap, the current study examined the MSG “SpacEscape” that teaches middle school students about the solar system through problem-solving activities. To understand whether SpacEscape could facilitate middle school student science learning based on their in-game performance, this study adopted a randomized experimental design and collected pre-test, post-test and game play data from the participants. Independent sample t-test and MANOVA with repeated measures (N = 228) were conducted. The results showed that SpacEscape significantly improved science learning for middle school students. In addition, the game significantly improved students’ science knowledge test scores regardless of their in-game performance. Furthermore, students enjoyed playing SpacEscape in the class, and we hope this study will inform the direction of future study in the field.

Galactose, an important carbohydrate nutrient, is involved in several types of cellular metabolism, participating in physiological activities such as glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis, glycosylation, and intercellular recognition. The regulatory effects of galactose on osteoarthritis have attracted increased attention. In this study, in vitro cell models of ATDC5 and chondrocytes were prepared and cultured with different concentrations of galactose to evaluate its capacity on chondrogenesis and cartilage matrix formation. The cell proliferation assay demonstrated that galactose was nontoxic to both ATDC5 cells and chondrocytes. RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining indicated that the gene expressions of cartilage matrix type II collagen and aggrecan were significantly upregulated with increasing galactose concentration and the expression and accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein. Overall, these results indicated that a galactose concentration below 8 mM exhibited the best effect on promoting chondrogenesis, which entitles galactose as having considerable potential for cartilage repair and regeneration.

The abandonment degree of an urban residential building can reflect the popularity of residential areas. This study uses this idea as a basis for proposing the concept of using residential quarters’ abandonment rate to measure the abandonment degree of an area. The spatial pattern of the abandonment rate and its clustering characteristics were obtained by taking 2517 residential quarters in Kunming’s Main Urban District as research object, and using their listing for sale ratio data. Thereafter, curve estimation was used to explore the influencing factors of abandonment rate. The results are as follows. (1) The abandonment rate of the four circles in Kunming’s Main Urban District increases from inside to outside, showing the pattern of the core area–second ring area–third ring area–new urban district, with evident “core–edge” characteristics. (2) The relationship between distance from the city center, housing ages, and abandonment rate can be well fitted using a quadratic function and shows an inverted “U”-shaped “rising–declining” trend. The relationship between housing prices and abandonment rate is fitted by the inverse function, showing an evident “up” trend. This study is a reference for managers of relevant departments and urban planners in formulating reasonable urban housing development policies.

Articular cartilage provides ultralow friction to maintain the physiological function of the knee joint, which arises from the hierarchical complex composed of hyaluronic acid, phospholipids, and lubricin, covering the cartilage surface as boundary lubrication layers. Cartilage-lubricating polymers (HA/PA and HA/PM) mimicking this complex have been demonstrated to restore the lubrication of cartilage via hydration lubrication, thus contributing to the treatment of early osteoarthritis (OA) in vivo. Here, biomimetic cartilage-lubricating hydrogels (HPX/PVA) were constructed by blending HA/PA and HA/PM (HPX) with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to improve the boundary lubrication and wear properties, so that the obtained hydrogels may offer a solution to the main drawbacks of PVA hydrogels used as cartilage implants. The HPX/PVA hydrogels exhibited good physicochemical and mechanical properties through hydrogen-bonding interactions, and showed lower friction and wear under the boundary lubrication and fluid film lubrication mechanisms, which remained when the hydrogels were rehydrated. Our strategy may provide new insights into exploring cartilage-inspired lubricating hydrogels.

Abstract The recent integration of light‐sheet microscopy and tissue‐clearing has facilitated an important alternative to conventional histological imaging approaches. However, the in toto cellular mapping of neural circuits throughout an intact mouse brain remains highly challenging, requiring complicated mechanical stitching, and suffering from anisotropic resolution insufficient for high‐quality reconstruction in 3D. Here, the use of a multiangle‐resolved subvoxel selective plane illumination microscope (Mars‐SPIM) is proposed to achieve high‐throughput imaging of whole mouse brain at isotropic cellular resolution. This light‐sheet imaging technique can computationally improve the spatial resolution over six times under a large field of view, eliminating the use of slow tile stitching. Furthermore, it can recover complete structural information of the sample from images subject to thick‐tissue scattering/attenuation. With Mars‐SPIM, a digital atlas of a cleared whole mouse brain (≈7 mm × 9.5 mm × 5 mm) can readily be obtained with an isotropic resolution of ≈2 µm (1 µm voxel) and a short acquisition time of 30 min. It provides an efficient way to implement system‐level cellular analysis, such as the mapping of different neuron populations and tracing of long‐distance neural projections over the entire brain. Mars‐SPIM is thus well suited for high‐throughput cell‐profiling phenotyping of brain and other mammalian organs.

This paper presents a method of depression recognition based on direct measurement of affective disorder. Firstly, visual emotional stimuli are used to obtain eye movement behavior signals and physiological signals directly related to mood. Then, in order to eliminate noise and redundant information and obtain better classification features, statistical methods (FDR corrected t-test) and principal component analysis (PCA) are used to select features of eye movement behavior and physiological signals. Finally, based on feature extraction, we use kernel extreme learning machine (KELM) to recognize depression based on PCA features. The results show that, on the one hand, the classification performance based on the fusion features of eye movement behavior and physiological signals is better than using a single behavior feature and a single physiological feature; on the other hand, compared with previous methods, the proposed method for depression recognition achieves better classification results. This study is of great value for the establishment of an automatic depression diagnosis system for clinical use.

OBJECTIVES: As part of a large epidemiologic study of particulate health effect, this study aimed to report respirator use among total particulate matter (TPM) samples collected in a major aluminum manufacturing company from 1966‒2013 and evaluate the impact of respirator-use adjustment on exposure estimation. METHODS: Descriptive analyses were performed to evaluate respirator use across facilities and by facility type and job. Protection factors were applied to TPM measurements for recorded respirator use. Estimated TPM exposure for each job ‒ before and after respirator-use adjustment ‒ were compared to assess the impact of adjustment on exposure estimation. RESULTS: Respirator use was noted for 37% of 12 402 full-shift personal TPM samples. Measured TPM concentration ranged from less than detectable to 8220 mg/m3, with arithmetic mean, median and standard deviation being 10.6, 0.87 and 130 mg/m^3, respectively. Respirators were used more often in smelting facilities (52% of TPM measurements) than in fabricating (17%) or refinery facilities (28%) (P

Background/Aims: Obstructive sleep apnea hypoxia syndrome (OSAHS) is an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). Treatment of OSAHS improves clinical outcome in some CAD patients, but the relationship between OSAHS and CAD is complex. Microparticles (MPs) are shed by the plasma membrane by either physiologic or pathologic stimulation. In the current study, we investigated the role of MPs in the context of OSAHS. Methods and Results: 54 patients with both suspected coronary artery stenosis and OSAHS were recruited and underwent both coronary arteriography and polysomnography. Circulating MPs were isolated and analyzed by flow cytometry. CAD+OSAHS patients exhibited greater levels of total MPs (Annexin V+), erythrocyte-derived MPs (CD235+ Annexin V+), platelet-derived MPs (CD41+ Annexin V+), and leukocyte-derived MPs (CD45+ Annexin V+) compared to CAD alone patients or control. CAD+OSAHS patients expressed the greatest level of endothelial-derived MPs of all cellular origin types (CD144+ Annexin V +). Treatment of human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) with MPs isolated from CAD+OSAHS patients markedly increased HAEC permeability (as detected by FITC-dextran), and significantly upregulated mRNA levels of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and MCP-1. Conclusion: OSAHS+CAD patients harbor increased levels of MPs, particularly the endothelial cell-derived subtype. When administered to HAECs, OSAHS+CAD patients MPs increase endothelial cell permeability and dysfunction.

Objective To investigate the association between polymorphisms of the interleukin 10 ( IL10 ) gene and risk of gastric cancer (GC) and atrophic gastritis (AG). Methods This study enrolled patients with GC, patients with AG and healthy control subjects. Demographic data were collected and the IL10 gene –1082A/G, –819C/T and –592A/C polymorphisms were genotyped. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to detect Helicobacter pylori infection. Results The study enrolled 556 participants including 208 in the GC group, 116 in the AG group and 232 controls (CON group). In a recessive model of the IL10 –819C/T polymorphism, a significantly decreased risk of GC was found compared with AG and non-cancer subjects, respectively (AG→GC: odds ratio OR 0.41; non-cancer→GC: OR 0.57). The CC genotype demonstrated a significantly increased risk of AG compared with CON. Similar significant results were detected in males and H. pylori -negative subgroups. The ACC haplotype was associated with a decreased risk of GC compared with AG. The ATC haplotype was associated with a decreased risk of AG compared with the CON group, but it was associated with an increased risk of GC compared with AG. Conclusion The IL10 gene promoter –819C/T (rs1800871) polymorphism was associated with the risk of GC and AG in a Chinese population.

Abstract: Based on analysis of successive and whole cores over six hundred meters from the second Member of Kongdian Formation (Kong 2 Member) of fine-grained facies zone in central lake basin of Cangdong sag, ten thousands of systematic and joint analysis data, and the matching logging data, the sedimentary characteristics in the fine-grained facies zone is examined by means of traditional petroleum geology, sedimentology, and new theory and method of tight oil and gas generation. The Kong 2 Member is the sedimentation during the maximum lake flooding in the Kongdian Formation. Fine-grained sedimentation of half-deep lake to deep lake are widely distributed, the fine-grained feldspar-quartz contained sedimentary rock, fine-grained mixed sedimentary rock, and dolomite are developed, and the clay rock is poorly developed. The fine-grained rocks have these features as follows: more rock compositions, less advantageous minerals; more debris minerals, less clay minerals; more analcites, less pyrites; more brittle minerals, less quartz; more rock types, less oil shale; more tight reservoirs with less non-cracked reservoirs; more high-quality source rocks, less non-source rocks; more high-frequency cycle sediments, less single sediments. These understandings updated the former view that only mud shale source rock was dominantly developed in the closed continental lake. With the help of geologic research and matched engineering technologies, several exploration wells have produced industrial oil flows, showing a good prospect of tight oil exploration in fine-grained facies zones of continental lacustrine basins. Key words: fine-grained sediment, fine-grained facies, tight oil, geologic features, exploration prospect, Cangdong sag, Bohai Bay Basin

Unlike focal or partial epilepsy, which has a confined range of influence, idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) often affects the whole or a larger portion of the brain without obvious, known cause. It is important to understand the underlying network which generates epileptic activity and through which epileptic activity propagates. The aim of the present study was to investigate the thalamocortical relationship using non-invasive imaging modalities in a group of IGE patients. We specifically investigated the roles of the mediodorsal nuclei in the thalami and the medial frontal cortex in generating and spreading IGE activities. We hypothesized that the connectivity between these two structures is key in understanding the generation and propagation of epileptic activity in brains affected by IGE. Using three imaging techniques of EEG, fMRI and EEG-informed fMRI, we identified important players in generation and propagation of generalized spike-and-wave discharges (GSWDs). EEG-informed fMRI suggested multiple regions including the medial frontal area near to the anterior cingulate cortex, mediodorsal nuclei of the thalamus, caudate nucleus among others that related to the GSWDs. The subsequent seed-based fMRI analysis revealed a reciprocal cortical and bi-thalamic functional connection. Through EEG-based Granger Causality analysis using (DTF) and adaptive DTF, within the reciprocal thalamocortical circuitry, thalamus seems to serve as a stronger source in driving cortical activity from initiation to the propagation of a GSWD. Such connectivity change starts before the GSWDs and continues till the end of the slow wave discharge. Thalamus, especially the mediodorsal nuclei, may serve as potential targets for deep brain stimulation to provide more effective treatment options for patients with drug-resistant generalized epilepsy.

We present a three-dimensional (3D) isotropic imaging of mouse brain using light-sheet fluorescent microscopy (LSFM) in conjunction with a multi-view imaging computation. Unlike common single view LSFM is used for mouse brain imaging, the brain tissue is 3D imaged under eight views in our study, by a home-built selective plane illumination microscopy (SPIM). An output image containing complete structural information as well as significantly improved resolution (∼4 times) are then computed based on these eight views of data, using a bead-guided multi-view registration and deconvolution. With superior imaging quality, the astrocyte and pyramidal neurons together with their subcellular nerve fibers can be clearly visualized and segmented. With further including other computational methods, this study can be potentially scaled up to map the connectome of whole mouse brain with a simple light-sheet microscope.

Based on observation of cores and thin slices and analysis of drilling, log and test data, the gravity flow deposits characteristics and formation conditions and characteristics of tight oil in lower first member of Shahejie Formation (Es1x) were systematically analyzed in Qikou Sag, Huanghua depression, Bohai Bay Basin. There mainly developed sandy debris flow, muddy debris flow and classical turbidity flow in the study area, and sandstone with boulder-clay is mostly sandy debris flow origin, muddy debris flow deposits are mudstone or silty mudstone with sandy lumps, the normal graded bedding is a reliable sign of classical turbidite. Affected by multi-source supply, slope break, different trigger mechanism and fluctuation of lake level, multi-gravity flows formed multi-level fans in mid-low slope to main sag, which can be divided into five micro-facies including submerged main channel, submerged distributary channel, lateral channel margin, mud between channels and turbidite sheet sand. Multi-level and multi-stage gravity flow sediments provide material foundations for tight oil and gas in the deep mud and sand-rich lake, where wide spread tight reservoirs and high quality source rocks contact closely vertically, forming multiple sets of sandwich-like source-reservoir-seal assemblages. Exploration shows that the submerged distributary channel and turbidite sheet sand of sandy debris flow are two main exploration facies of gravity flow in Es1x and important area of scale reserve increase in slope zones of Qikou Sag. Key words: gravity flow sedimentation, tight oil, Shahejie Formation, slope area, Qikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

Polymeric nano-carriers are considered as promising tools in biomedical applications due to multiple attractive characteristics including their low toxicity, high loading capacity, controlled drug release capabilities, and highly tunable chemical properties. Here, a series of pH-sensitive star-shaped copolymers, Ad-P[(EMA-co-MAA)-b-PPEGMA]4, was prepared via electron transfer atom radical polymerization (ARGETE ATRP) and selective hydrolysis. These star-shaped copolymers can be self-assembled into micelles (Dh = 150–160 nm) and their critical micelle concentrations (CMC) were estimated to be 3.9–5.0 mg/L. The pH-sensitiveness of the micelles was evidenced by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The maximal paclitaxel (PTX) loading efficiency (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were 18.9% and 36%, respectively. In vitro release studies revealed that about 19% of the PTX released at an acidic condition of pH 1.2 over 70 h, whereas more than 70% was released within the same time interval at pH 6.8. In vitro cytotoxicity suggested that the low cytotoxicity of the blank micelles, while the PTX-loaded micelles providing the cytotoxicity close to that of free PTX. These results indicated that this novel pH-sensitive nano-carriers have great potential applications for oral drug-controlled release.

One of the most famous anticancer drugs, paclitaxel (PTX), has often been used in drug controlled-release studies. The polymers derived from bio-compound bile acids and degradable poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) form a reservoir and have been used as a drug delivery system with great advantages. Herein, we grafted poly(N,N-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) into the bile acid-derived three-armed macroinitiator CA-(PCL)3, resulting in the amphiphilic block copolymers CA-(PCL-b-PDEAEMA-b-PPEGMA)3. These pH-responsive three-armed block copolymers self-assembled into micelles in aqueous solution and PTX was encapsulated into the micellar core to form PTX-loaded micelles with a drug loading of 29.92 wt %. The micelles were stable in PBS at pH 7.4 and showed a pH-triggered release behavior of PTX under acidic environments, in which 55% of PTX was released at pH 5.0 in 80 h. These cholic acid-based functionalized three-armed block polymers present good biocompatibility, showing great potential for drug controlled-release.

To get a better understanding of the distribution pattern of favorable reservoir belts in the medium-deep clastic rocks in the Qikou sag of the Huanghua depression, and find out premium reservoir zone, the characteristics and controlling factors of the medium-deep reservoirs in the Qikou sag were analyzed. Comprehensive study into the structural setting, provenance, depositional system, and reservoir properties shows that the Paleogene in the Qikou sag has multi-sags and multi-slopes, with slopes accounting for over 70% of the total sag area. A number of large braided river (fan) delta front - gravity flow sand bodies matching with multi-slope zones lay a good material foundation for the formation of medium-deep effective reservoirs there. Generally buried at over 2500 m, the medium-deep clastic rocks are lithic feldspathic sandstone, with secondary pores and cracks as major reservoir space. Being in the medium diagenesis evolution stage, the medium-deep clastic rocks in the Qikou sag span over a large depth. Nine major factors affecting reservoir properties have been identified by mathematical geology. Although the medium-deep clastic rock interval is poor in physical properties and complex in pore structure, high sedimentation rate, medium geothermal field, high fluid pressure, high feldspar content, relatively high dissolution rate and early oil and gas charge have given rise to three to four belts with abnormally high porosity in it, which are all favorable hydrocarbon reservoir zones. Key words: slope area, medium-deep clastic, oil and gas reservoir, diagenetic evolution, Paleogene, Qikou sag, Bohai Bay Basin

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) has been linked to exposures to airborne particles with an aerodynamic diameter

Background and objective The CIK cell is one of the most important means of the adoptive cellular immunotherapy, and it is a hotspot of which to simplify its culture procedure and to promote its inhibition rate. The aim of this study is to observe the biological function of the CIK cells cultivated by the recombinant human fibronectin (RN) and to establish an effective and simple way of cells expansion. Methods We separated the mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in 50 mL peripheral blood from 10 healthy persons with density gradient centrifugation in the lymphocyte-separating medium, and the PBMCs were divided into two groups, of which were cultivated by RN-introduced and conventional method separately. Then we estimated the proliferation ability, and analyzed the immunologic type, IFN-γ, IL-4, perforin and granzyme B of them with flow cytometry. Besides that, we tested the inhibition rate of CIKs cells to four kinds of human lung cancer cell lines in vitro by MTT assay. Results The RN-induced group had a higher proliferation rate that was 2.0-3.5 times of the conventional group, and there was an obvious statistical difference between the two (P < 0.05). The proliferation rates of CD3+CD16+CD56+T cells in each group were 3 778 and 2 068 times of the initial number, respectively. There was also a higher percentage of CD3+CD8+T cells in RN-induced group (P < 0.05), while the percentage of CD3+CD4+T cells had no significant statistical difference (P > 0.05). We found a similar inhibition rate of the CIK cells to all this human lung cancer cell lines (P >0.05). The cells which secreted IFN–γ increased, while the cells which secreted IL-4 did not. The cells which secreted granzyme B and perforin were positive. Conclusion It is an effective and simple way to cultivate the CIK cells with RN, which should be adopted.

Background and objective The actual evaluation of immunological function is significant for studing the tumor development and devising a treatment in time. The aim of this study is to evaluate the immunological function of advanced lung cancer patients systematically, and to discuss the clinical significance. Methods The nucleated cell amounts of advanced lung cancer patients and the healthy individuals were counted. The immune cell subsets and the levels of IL-4, INF-γ, perforin and granzyme in CD8+T cells by the flow cytometry were measured. The proliferation activity and the inhibition ratio of immune cells to several tumor cell lines were evaluated by MTT assay. Results The absolute amounts and subsets of T, B, NK cells of advanced lung cancer patients were lower than the healthy individuals (P < 0.05); However, the proportion of regulatory T cells of advanced lung cancer patients (4.00±1.84)% was lower than the healthy individuals (1.27±0.78)% (P < 0.05). The positive rates of IFN-γ perforin, granzyme in CD8+T cells decreased while them in IL-4 did not in the advanced lung cancer patients compared to the healthy control group (P < 0.05). The proliferation activity of immune cells, the positive rate of PPD masculine and the inhibition ratio to tumor cells in the advanced lung cancer patients was lower than the healthy subsets obviously (P < 0.05). Conclusion There was a significant immune depression in the advanced lung cancer patients compared to the healthy individuals.

As a drug carrier, polyrotaxane (PR) has been used for targeted delivery and sustained release of drugs, whereas silver sulfadiazine (SD-Ag) is an emerging antibiotic agent. PR was synthesized by the use of α-cyclodextrin (CD) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and a specific antibacterial material (PR-(SD-Ag)) was then prepared by loading SD-Ag onto PR with different mass ratios. The loading capacity and the encapsulation efficiency were 90% at a mass ratio of 1:1 of PR and SD-Ag. SD-Ag was released stably and slowly within 6 d in vitro, and its cumulative release reached more than 85%. The mechanism of PR loading SD-Ag might be that SD-Ag attached to the edge of α-CD through hydrogen bonding. PR-(SD-Ag) showed a higher light stability than SD-Ag and held excellent antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus).

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, and fibrotic interstitial lung disease. Trillin, an active saponin component isolated from Trillium tschonoskii Maxim, exhibits various pharmacological properties. This study aimed to investigate the preventive effects of Trillin on bleomycin (BLM)-induced IPF and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. Methods: BLM was administered via intratracheal injection to C57BL/6J mice to establish an IPF model. Different concentrations of Trillin were then administered as treatments. Network pharmacology and molecular docking approaches were employed to predict potential Trillin targets against IPF. A combination of histopathological examination, immunohistochemical analysis, Western Blotting, and other molecular biological techniques were utilized to assess Trillin's protective effect on BLM-induced IPF and to investigate underlying pathways. Results: Trillin effectively inhibited lung tissue injury induced by BLM in mice, moderated inflammation and oxidative stress-related signaling pathways, and reduced the expression of IPF-associated proteins such as TGF-ß1 and a-SMA. Network pharmacology analysis identified 18 core Trillin-IPF target genes. Molecular docking analysis suggested that pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1ß, IL-2, and TNF-a have high binding affinity with Trillin, suggesting their potential as anti-IPF targets. Additionally, experimental verification confirmed that Trillin suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation by reducing IL-1ß release. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that Trillin effectively reduces oxidative stress and blocks the IL-1ß/NLRP3 inflammasome positive feedback loop, providing protection against BLM-induced IPF. Consequently, our research underscores the potential of Trillin as a promising therapeutic agent for IPF and lays a theoretical foundation for its future clinical development and application in treating BLM-induced IPF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]