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1. The effect of a novel dietary supplement based on fishery industry waste hydrolysate, essential fatty acids and phytochemicals on honey bee nuclei development.

Author

Ramos, Facundo, Szawarski, Nicolás, Mitton, Giulia, Iglesias, Azucena, de Feudis, Leonardo, Castellini, Damián, Gimenez-Martínez, Pablo, Corona, Miguel, Eguaras, Martín, and Maggi, Matías

Abstract

In the late winter or early spring, beekeepers stimulate the colonies to increase the population of bees using different dietary supplements, principally based on carbohydrates and proteins. Honey bees require multiple sources of nectar and pollen to obtain balanced nutrition, so the formulation of effective supplements requires the identification and testing of candidate components, especially at the colony level. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of a nutritional supplement (SUP) composed of two important phytochemicals that have been reported to improve honey bee health (abscisic acid (ABA) and p-coumaric acid (CUM)) combined with fish protein hydrolyzate (FPH), and essential omega fatty acids (Ω3/6) in nuclei colonies. We first evaluated the toxicity of SUP compared with the control (sugar syrup) in laboratory bioassays during 96 hours. Then, we tested the effect on the amount of brood, honey, and pollen in bee hives nuclei supplemented with SUP for thirty days. In addition, we quantified and compared the concentration of total proteins in individual honey bees collected at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. The results obtained show that SUP is palatable, nontoxic to Apis mellifera, and significantly increases the amount of open brood and pollen reserves of bee nuclei compared with nuclei feed with sugar syrup. No significant differences were observed, between nuclei feed with SUP and control nuclei, in the amount of honey reserves and total proteins of individual bees. Here, we show the value of a nutritional supplement that combines essential nutritional components and phytochemicals to improve important parameters associated with colony fitness. We expected this nutritional supplement helps beekeepers to develop their colonies in view of the increase of industrial agriculture and the consequent loss of floral resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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2. Comparison of qPCR and Morphological Methods For Detection of Acarapis Woodi in Honey Bee Samples

Author

Quintana Silvina, Szawarski Nicolás, Sarlo Gabriel, Medici Sandra, Rivero Mariana, Eguaras Martin, and Maggi Matias

Subjects
acarapis woodi, apis mellifera, internal control, optical microscopy diagnosis, real time pcr, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

The honey bee tracheal mite Acarapis woodi is an internal obligate parasite of adult honey bees (Apis mellifera). The small size of the mites and location within the bee’s trachea create a challenge for diagnostic identification. Detailed assessment of low-level mite infestation involves microscopic examination of the bee’s tracheae, but this traditional diagnostic method takes a long time. In recent years, new molecular diagnostic techniques have been developed to identify A. woodi with the use of PCRs. The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic sensitivity of microscopic examination and qPCR method for the detection of A. woodi in honey bee samples. Thirty-six samples were analyzed with both methods and qPCR was more sensitive than the microscopic method to detect A. woodi. This work demonstrates the practical application of molecular technology as a support tool for surveys and contingency management and to provide robust surveillance data on the presence or absence of A. woodi in honey bee colonies.

Published
2019
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5. Assessing in Vitro Acaricidal Effect and Joint Action of a Binary Mixture Between Essential Oil Compounds (Thymol, Phellandrene, Eucalyptol, Cinnamaldehyde, Myrcene, Carvacrol) Over Ectoparasitic Mite Varroa Destructor (Acari: Varroidae)

Author

Brasesco Constanza, Gende Liesel, Negri Pedro, Szawarski Nicolás, Iglesias Azucena, Eguaras Martín, Ruffinengo Sergio, and Maggi Matías

Subjects
apis mellifera, binary mixtures, essential oil compounds, toxic interactions, varroa destructor, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

Varroa destructor (Anderson & Trueman, 2000) causes the most important parasitosis of beekeeping in the world. For this reason, prevention is needed to avoid colony death. The most typical treatments involve synthetic acaricides. However, the use of these acaricides results in the emergence of resistant populations of mites to these products and in the appearances of drug residues in products of the hives. Compounds of essential oils have emerged as an alternative to traditional acaricides; however the toxicity produced by these mixtures is currently poorly explored. The aim of this work was to assess, by means of in vitro tests with adult bees, how acaricidal action and toxic interactions in a binary mixture of essential oil compounds (Thymol, Phellandrene, Eucalyptol, Cinnamaldehyde, Myrcene, and Carvacrol) affect V. destructor. Calculations of LC50 ’s of the individual compounds on A. mellifera and V. destructor made clear that the toxic effect of each compound is different for both species. Thymol and Phellandrene turned out to be lethal for mites at lower concentrations than for bees. The binary mixture of these two substances presented a different toxicity than one produced by each pure compound, as it was highly selective for mites in bioassays at 24 hours through complete exposure to both A. mellifera and V. destructor. These results make such formulations optimal substances to be considered as alternative controls for the parasitosis.

Published
2017
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8. The effect of a novel dietary supplement based on fishery industry waste hydrolysate, essential fatty acids and phytochemicals on honey bee nuclei development

Author

Ramos, Facundo, primary, Szawarski, Nicolás, additional, Mitton, Giulia, additional, Iglesias, Azucena, additional, de Feudis, Leonardo, additional, Castellini, Damián, additional, Gimenez-Martínez, Pablo, additional, Corona, Miguel, additional, Eguaras, Martín, additional, and Maggi, Matías, additional

Published
2021
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9. Fragrance addition improves visitation by honeybees and fruit quality in kiwifruit ( Actinidia deliciosa )

Author

Meroi Arcerito, Facundo R, primary, De Feudis, Leonardo L, additional, Amarilla, Leonardo D, additional, Galetto, Leonardo, additional, Mitton, Giulia, additional, Fernández, Natalia, additional, Szawarski, Nicolás, additional, Corti, Camila, additional, Olivera, Eugenia, additional, Iglesias, Azucena, additional, Gende, Liesel, additional, Damiani, Natalia, additional, Eguaras, Martín, additional, and Maggi, Matías, additional

Published
2021
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10. Antimicrobial activity of indoleacetic, gibberellic and coumaric acids against paenibacillus larvae and its toxicity against apis mellifera

Author

Szawarski, Nicolás, Giménez Martínez, Pablo Darian, Mitton, Giulia Angelica, Negri, Pedro, Meroi Arcerito, Facundo René, Moliné, Maria de la Paz, Fuselli, Sandra Rosa, Eguaras, Martin Javier, Lamattina, Lorenzo, and Maggi, Matías Daniel

Subjects
purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], HONEY BEES, GIBBERELLIC, INDOLACETIC ACID, AMERICAN FOULDBROOD, HOBEYBEES, AMERICAN FOULBROOD, COUMARIC, purl.org/becyt/ford/4.3 [https], purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], PHYTOMOLECULES, purl.org/becyt/ford/4 [https], ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
Abstract

Aim of study: To explore three isolated phytomolecules: indoleacetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA), and the secondary me-tabolite p-coumaric acid (CUM): (1) evaluating their toxicity against Apis mellifera larvae and adults under controlled conditions in the laboratory; (2) searching for antimicrobial activity against Paenibacillus larvae. Area of study: Honey bee larvae and adults were collected from the experimental apiary of the “Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS)” (-37.9348798,-57.682817), Institute of the National University of Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Argentina. Material and methods: Paenibacillus larvae strains were isolated from beehives from different provinces of Argentina (Buenos Aires, Córdoba and Entre Ríos) showing clinical symptoms of the American foulbrood. All strains (S1, S2, S3, S4) were genotypi-cally identified using PL5 and PL4 primers and characterized as genotype ERIC1. Then standard essays were performed to determined toxicity of phytomolecules in honey bees and antimicrobial activity through the broth microdilution method. Main results: The diet with GA, IAA and CUM did not present toxic effects in larvae or adult bees, and only CUM showed an-timicrobial activity against P. larvae. In this study, we obtained in vitro values of MNIC (minimum non-inhibitory concentration) of 500 μg mL-1 and a MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of 650 μg mL-1 for CUM. Research highlights: The obtained results remark its potential as a natural alternative for the control of P. larvae, avoiding the problems generated by the use of synthetic antibiotics such as the resistance phenomena and the contamination of hive’s products. Fil: Szawarski, Nicolás. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente. - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente.; Argentina Fil: Giménez Martínez, Pablo Darian. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente. - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente.; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Mitton, Giulia Angelica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente. - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente.; Argentina Fil: Negri, Pedro. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente. - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente.; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Meroi Arcerito, Facundo René. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente. - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente.; Argentina. Ministerio de Ciencia. Tecnología e Innovación Productiva. Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica; Argentina Fil: Moliné, Maria de la Paz. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente. - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente.; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Físicas de Mar del Plata. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Físicas de Mar del Plata; Argentina Fil: Fuselli, Sandra. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente. - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente.; Argentina Fil: Eguaras, Martín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente. - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente.; Argentina Fil: Lamattina, Lorenzo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentina Fil: Maggi, Matías Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente. - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente.; Argentina

Published
2020

11. Short communication: Antimicrobial activity of indoleacetic, gibberellic and coumaric acids against Paenibacillus larvae and its toxicity against Apis mellifera

Author

Szawarski, Nicolás, primary, Giménez-Martínez, Pablo, additional, Mitton, Giulia, additional, Negri, Pedro, additional, Meroi Arcerito, Facundo, additional, Moliné, María P., additional, Fuselli, Sandra, additional, Eguaras, Martín, additional, Lamattina, Lorenzo, additional, and Maggi, Matías, additional

Published
2020
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14. Effect of Abscisic Acid (ABA) Combined with Two Different Beekeeping Nutritional Strategies to Confront Overwintering: Studies on Honey Bees’ Population Dynamics and Nosemosis

Author

Szawarski, Nicolás, primary, Saez, Agustín, additional, Domínguez, Enzo, additional, Dickson, Rachel, additional, De Matteis, Ángela, additional, Eciolaza, Carlos, additional, Justel, Marcelino, additional, Aliano, Alfredo, additional, Solar, Pedro, additional, Bergara, Ignacio, additional, Pons, Claudia, additional, Bolognesi, Aldo, additional, Carna, Gabriel, additional, Garcia, Walter, additional, Garcia, Omar, additional, Eguaras, Martin, additional, Lamattina, Lorenzo, additional, Maggi, Matías, additional, and Negri, Pedro, additional

Published
2019
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15. Effect of gibberellic acid on the queen cell production and queen performance in colonies of Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Author

SZAWARSKI, Nicolás, REVAINERA, Pablo, MITTON, Giulia, GIMENEZ-MARTÍNEZ, Pablo, BRASESCO, Constanza, RAMOS, Facundo, DE FEUDIS, Leonardo, FUSELLI, Sandra, EGUARAS, Martin, LAMATTINA, Lorenzo, and MAGGI, Matías

Subjects
Honey bee. Phytomolecules. Queen rearing. Supplemental feeding, Abeja melífera. Cría de reinas. Fitomoléculas. Suplemento alimentario
Abstract

For honey bees (Apis mellifera L.), the reward for pollination service is obtaining food: nectar, a sugar solution; or pollen, which contains a high percentage of proteins and lipids. There are also other floral rewards ecologically relevant for pollinators, like resins, and/or minor components, such as phytohormones and polyphenols. When rearing A. mellifera queens, several factors affect grafting success: age of the grafted larvae, design and position of the artificial queen cells, priming queen cells with royal jelly before grafting, or nutrition of the queen rearing colony. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two phytohormones: gibberellic acid (GA) and indole acetic acid (IAA) on queen cell production, the development of hypopharyngeal glands of nurse bees, and the performance of queen bees in colonies of A. mellifera. The results indicate that GA positively infuences queens production efficiency in vertical orphaned colonies and their reproductive performances in honey bee colonies. These results support the potential of plant metabolites as dietary supplements to improve queen bee production methods and their performance in colonies as well. Para la abeja melífera (Apis mellifera L.), la recompensa por la polinización es la obtención de alimento: néctar, una solución azucarada, o polen, que contiene un alto porcentaje de proteínas y lípidos. También hay otras recompensas florales ecológicamente relevantes, las resinas, y/o componentes minoritarios, como las fitohormonas y polifenoles. En la cría de reinas de A. mellifera diversos factores afectan el éxito de los traslarves: la edad de las larvas, el diseño y la posición de las celdas reales artificiales, el cebado de las cúpulas con jalea real o la alimentación de la colonia que criará las reinas. El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue evaluar el efecto de dos fitohormonas, ácido giberélico (GA) y ácido indoalacético (IAA) en colonias de A. mellifera sobre la producción de celdas reales, desarrollo de las glándulas hipofaríngeas de abejas nodrizas y desempeño de abejas reinas. Los resultados indican que el tratamiento con GA en colonias sometidas al método de semiorfandad para la cría de reinas, mejoró la eficiencia de la producción de las mismas y su rendimiento reproductivo en colonias de A. mellifera. Estos resultados apoyan el potencial de utilizar metabolitos vegetales como suplementos dietarios para mejorar los métodos de producción de abejas reinas y su desempeño en las colonias.

Published
2019

16. Effect of gibberellic acid on the queen cell production and queen performance in colonies of Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Author

Szawarski, Nicolás, primary, Revainera, Pablo, additional, Mitton, Giulia, additional, Gimenez-Martinez, Pablo, additional, Brasesco, Constanza, additional, Ramos, Facundo, additional, De Feudis, Leonardo, additional, Fuselli, Sandra, additional, Eguaras, Martín, additional, Lamattina, Lorenzo, additional, and Maggi, Matías, additional

Published
2019
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20. Up-regulated pathways in response to Deformed Wing Virus infection in Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae).

Author

QUINTANA, Silvina, BRASESCO, Constanza, NEGRI, Pedro, MARIN, Maia, PAGNUCO, Inti, SZAWARSKI, Nicolás, REYNALDI, Francisco, LARSEN, Alejandra, EGUARAS, Martín, and MAGGI, Matías

Subjects
HONEYBEES, IMMUNE system, IMMUNOGENETICS, VIRAL load, INSECT virus diseases, INSECT viruses
Abstract

Copyright of Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina is the property of Sociedad Entomologica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2019
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21. A new formulation of oxalic acid for Varroa destructor control applied in Apis mellifera colonies in the presence of brood

Author

Maggi, Matías, primary, Tourn, Elian, additional, Negri, Pedro, additional, Szawarski, Nicolás, additional, Marconi, Alfredo, additional, Gallez, Liliana, additional, Medici, Sandra, additional, Ruffinengo, Sergio, additional, Brasesco, Constanza, additional, De Feudis, Leonardo, additional, Quintana, Silvina, additional, Sammataro, Diana, additional, and Eguaras, Martin, additional

Published
2015
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22. Comparison of qPCR and Morphological Methods For Detection of Acarapis Woodiin Honey Bee Samples

Author

Quintana, Silvina, Szawarski, Nicolás, Sarlo, Gabriel, Medici, Sandra, Rivero, Mariana, Eguaras, Martin, and Maggi, Matias

Abstract

The honey bee tracheal mite Acarapis woodiis an internal obligate parasite of adult honey bees (Apis mellifera). The small size of the mites and location within the bee’s trachea create a challenge for diagnostic identification. Detailed assessment of low-level mite infestation involves microscopic examination of the bee’s tracheae, but this traditional diagnostic method takes a long time. In recent years, new molecular diagnostic techniques have been developed to identify A. woodiwith the use of PCRs. The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic sensitivity of microscopic examination and qPCR method for the detection of A. woodiin honey bee samples. Thirty-six samples were analyzed with both methods and qPCR was more sensitive than the microscopic method to detect A. woodi. This work demonstrates the practical application of molecular technology as a support tool for surveys and contingency management and to provide robust surveillance data on the presence or absence of A. woodiin honey bee colonies.

Published
2019
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24. Is Acarapis woodimite currently infesting Apis melliferacolonies in Argentina?

Author

Szawarski, Nicolás, Quintana, Silvina, Levy, Eugenia, Lucía, Mariano, Abrahamovich, Alberto, Porrini, Martin, Brasesco, Constanza, Negri, Pedro, Sarlo, Gabriel, Eguaras, Martin, and Maggi, Matías

Abstract

The honey bee tracheal mite Acarapis woodi(Rennie) (Acari: Tarsonemidae) is an internal obligate parasite of the respiratory system of adult honey bees (Apis mellifera), which may be one of the factors causing the loss of bee colonies and the decrease in the beekeeping industry. In Argentina, the last prevalence study of A. woodiwas in 1998, and therefore there is no current data on the prevalence and impact of the mite in colonies of A. melliferain this country. For this reason, the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of A. woodiin honey bee colonies of apiaries belonging to different geographic regions of Argentina (Northwest, Chaco, Mesopotamic, Pampean and Patagonic) using two different methods of diagnosis. One method was traditional microscopy, which is based on direct visualization of A. woodiin the prothoracic tracheas of bees, and the other technique was molecular analysis using real-time PCR with specific primers to amplify CO1 gene of A. woodi. To perform the analysis of prevalence, bees were collected during winter, because during this season, populations of A. woodiare more abundant in bee colonies. The results were negative for both methods of diagnosis, with prevalence equal to 0%. Considering that in recent years it has been reported an increased mortality in bee colonies in Argentina, we note that acarapisosis is not currently impacting on the disappearance of A. melliferacolonies in Argentina.

Published
2017
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25. Apis melliferahaemocytes in-vitro, What type of cells are they? Functional analysis before and after pupal metamorphosis

Author

Negri, Pedro, Maggi, Matías, Szawarski, Nicolás, Lamattina, Lorenzo, and Eguaras, Martin

Abstract

SummaryThe honey bee Apis melliferais affected by many parasites posing a serious threat to our ecosystem, agriculture and apiculture. The study of A. meliiferaimmune response represents a great complement for developing integrated disease management strategies. This work presents updated data concerning the in vitrocellular immune response of A. meliiferafifth instar larvae (L5) and newly emerged workers (W). Haemocytes from A. melliferaL5 and W clearly displayed different appearance in-vitro.The blood cells from these two developmental stages yielded behavioural differences regarding attachment and spreading. However, haemocytes extracted from L5 and W exhibited strong similarities with respect to their general (multicellular) behavioural pattern. This multi-haemolytic process, triggered after glass contact, could result from an encapsulation-like response. At the same time, an experimental system for studying A. melliferacellular immunity in-vitroupon recognition of glass surfaces and haemolytic encapsulation response is herein developed.

Published
2014
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