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The increasing popularity of herbal supplements emphasizes the need of scientific data regarding their health benefits and possible toxicological concerns. The complexity of botanical extracts, which include thousands of distinct compounds, contributes to the challenging nature of this endeavor. In this study, we explored the hormetic effects of two Trifolium pratense extracts on breast cell lines. Using a wide range of concentrations (0.1 to 3.33 mg/mL), we analyzed how extracts modulate cellular processes such as viability, proliferation, and oxidative stress on breast adenocarcinoma highly invasive estrogen receptor negative (ER-) and noninvasive ER+ cells, as well as on non-tumorigenic ER- normal cells. The cytotoxicity and real-time cell analysis (RTCA) assays showed that both extracts exercised a biphasic dose effect on adenocarcinoma ER+ and normal ER- cell proliferation and oxidative stress. We report a monotonic dose-dependent cytotoxicity on highly invasive adenocarcinoma ER- cells; the induced apoptosis was based on the pro-oxidant activity of extracts. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by high-dose ethanolic extract was observed in all cells, followed by mitochondria dysfunction. Oxidative stress parameters, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were affected. Our study demonstrates that T. pratense extracts have chemoprevention potential in normal and tumorigenic breast cells by modulating cellular proliferation and oxidative stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intrinsic spirituality of Arrigo Boito's art in the opera Mefistofele results from the vibrant expressions of the sacred that directly accompany the tumultuous path of the Faustian quests. The present article highlights the way in which the composer penetrates through music and text into the metaphysical mysteries of the fight between good and evil, in the scene of Faust's salvation - the Epilogue. The violent confrontation of the antagonistic forces of the universe takes place when Faust, at the end of his life, manages to free himself from Mefistofele. The musical, literary and scenic means of expression imposed by the composer - being the sole creator of the libretto, music and mise-en-scène - masterfully reproduce this confrontation. The fragment we analyzed emphasizes this by noting at the same time how metaphysical space can be rendered with the help of music. Placed at the end of the opera Mefistofele, through the dramatic unfolding rich in sacred symbols, the scene of salvation crowns the series of defining elements with which Boito contributes to the evolution of the Faustian myth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plants with therapeutic potential are a rich resource for the inhabitants of a country, with Romania among them, having a diverse flora not only from plants but also from fungi. New trends in biopharmaceuticals are also addressed in studies related to topical administration, representing a great advantage; research has determined biological activities in vivo and in vitro. This study aimed to present the main active compounds from extracts of Lactarius piperatus, Centaurea cyanus, and Ribes rubrum. In vitro (DPPH scavenging activity and reducing power) and in vivo activities were determined. A survey of hydrating cosmetic products and the completion of a patch test (in vivo test) under dermatological control were realized to confirm the skin compatibility of the product in a panel of human subjects after a single application. The cosmetic product did not induce allergic reactions, erythema, irritation, or itching. This study showed that the extracts incorporated in the formulation of the face cream had a nutricosmetic effect. The research demonstrated a result of increasing skin elasticity and an anti-inflammatory effect following direct application to the skin of volunteers. The product offered in vitro/in vivo protection against the action of free radicals; it was effective in reducing the side effects of exposure to the action of blue light. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Council Directive 93/13/a of April 5, 1993 of unfair terms in consumer contracts, transposed into national legislation by Law no. 193/2000 on unfair terms in contracts concluded between merchants and consumers, constitutes the legal basis for numerous disputes between individuals and banks, through which the abusive character of some clauses in loan contracts is claimed. One of the defenses invoked by credit institutions to exclude the application of Law no. 193/2000 is the borrower's lack of consumer status, motivated by the fact that the amount borrowed was intended for a professional or commercial activity and was not used for personal needs of the natural person. In the present study, we propose to analyze the conditions that the natural person must fulfill in order to be considered a consumer and be able to benefit from the provisions of consumer protection, analyzing both the jurisprudence of the ECJ and the jurisprudence of national courts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the legal relationship of international law, the international sources of law are more numerous and varied than the domestic sources of law. Knowing and applying them correctly is a challenge for both students and practitioners. When identifying both international and internal sources in a matter, the problem of how to apply them to a specific situation always arises. The international sale of goods has generated the most numerous legal relationship in international trade, so it is of interest to analyze the sources of law applicable in this field. The United Nations Convention on International Sale of Goods concluded in Vienna on April 11, 1980, regulates uniform rules applicable to international sale of goods contracts, which are not identical to the rules regulated by domestic law sources. The present study aims a comparative analysis of the provisions of the Vienna Convention with those regulated by the Romanian Civil Code on sale-purchase contracts and we will try to identify solutions regarding the applicablelaw to a given situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the legal relationship of international law, the international sources of law are more numerous and varied than the domestic sources of law. Knowing and applying them correctly is a challenge for both students and practitioners. When identifying both international and internal sources in a matter, the problem of how to apply them to a specific situation always arises. The international sale of goods has generated the most numerous legal relationship in international trade, so it is of interest to analyze the sources of law applicable in this field. The United Nations Convention on International Sale of Goods concluded in Vienna on April 11, 1980, regulates uniform rules applicable to international sale of goods contracts, which are not identical to the rules regulated by domestic law sources. The present study aims a comparative analysis of the provisions of the Vienna Convention with those regulated by the Romanian Civil Code on sale-purchase contracts and we will try to identify solutions regarding the applicablelaw to a given situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Compulsory Execution / Revista Română de Executare Silită is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The enforcement procedure represents the most volatile matter within the current Code of Civil Procedure, suffering the most amendments since the Code's entry into force. Although, it had initially pursued to relieve the courts of laws of as many duties as possible, duties which were transferred to the judicial executors, the legislator had to relinquish this goal along the way and to correlate the legal texts with the decisions of unconstitutionality pronounced by the Constitutional Court. The limitation of the right to obtain the enforcement represents an incident which arises after obtaining the enforceable title and it is particularly important, since it is the most convenient means of defense that a debtor may invoke in order to annul the executory procedure started by the creditor. The present study proposes to analyze the judicial nature, the terms and conditions, and the means through which the limitation of the right to obtain the enforcement may be invoked, as well as the moment as of which the limitation period begins to run, is suspended or interrupted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Review of Private Law / Revista Română de Drept Privat is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Professor, conductor, intrumentalist and composer, Celestin Cherebetiu was one of the outstanding personalities of Transylvanian culture. He graduated from the Music Academy in Cluj and Pontificia Scuola Superiore di Musica Sacra in Roma. He started his career in Blaj as a music teacher at the Pedagogical School, the Girls' School, the peological Academy, the Boys' School. In 1946 he moved to Cluj and started as a teacher at the Boys' Pedagogical School and an instrumentalist at the State Philharmonic and the National Opera in Cluj. His career was completed by the sixteen years he spent as a teacher at the Music Academy in Cluj. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[formula: see text] 5-Amino-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate, an analogue of deoxythymidine triphosphate, was synthesized and found to be a substrate of Taq DNA polymerase. The DNA-borne analogue underwent selective chemical reaction with permanganate. The use of 5-amino-dU as an interference probe was validated using the Ada protein/ada promoter complex. The performance of 5-amino-dU in interference footprints is similar to that of the previously described analogue 5-hydroxy-dU, but the former is incorporated more readily into DNA during enzymatic polymerization.