727 results on '"SUBSTANCE use of college students"'
Search Results
2. Substance Use among International College Students in The Netherlands: An Exploratory Study.
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van den Bos, Arne, Blaauw, Eric, Venema, Simon, and Bieleman, Bert
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SUBSTANCE use of college students ,FOREIGN students ,COMPUTER surveys ,NITROUS oxide - Abstract
International students form a large subgroup of university college students in The Netherlands. Because little is known about substance use in this group, we investigated substance use and the perceptions thereof in a sample of 515 international students in a Dutch university city using an online survey. Results showed high prevalence rates of substance use, especially for cannabis and nitrous oxide balloons. Risk perceptions and attitudes mirrored prevalence (the most commonly used substances were perceived as the least harmful) and for each substance. Attitudes toward a particular substance were also indicative of recent use of that substance. Further, international students highly overestimated the prevalence of cannabis and ecstasy use in the Dutch adult population. The level of estimation of ecstasy use was also an indicator of recent ecstasy use. Regarding substance use and perceptions thereof, we found no clear subgroups among international students. As international students also appeared more reluctant to speak about substance use with (university) professionals than with friends and fellow students, these findings underline a unique opportunity for social networks of students to provide information about substance use, including associated norms, especially to new international students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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3. Analysis of the Relationships between Sport Participation, Physical Activity, and Concurrent Substance Misuse in College Students: A Gender-Stratified Analysis in the Post-Pandemic Period.
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Drenjak, Jasna Lulic, Blazevic, Mateo, and Zenic, Natasa
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PHYSICAL activity ,SUBSTANCE use of college students ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in increased substance use and misuse (SUM). The period in which one undergoes college education is known to be associated with a greater risk of SUM, and there is a need for greater awareness of the risks associated with concurrent SUM in the post-pandemic years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the gender-specific relationships between physical activity levels (PAL), sport participation, and concurrent SUM among college students in the first post-pandemic year. The participants were college students from Croatia and from Bosnia and Herzegovina (n=398) who were tested on sport factors (involvement in individual and team sports, time of involvement, frequency of training, sport achievement), physical activity levels (PALs), and concurrent SUM (simultaneous consumption of cigarettes and alcohol) by using structured anonymous previously validated questionnaires immediately after the pandemic period. Sport factors and PALs were not significantly associated with concurrent SUM in the total sample or in male students. In female students, higher competitive achievement in sports was shown to be associated with the risk of concurrent SUM (OR=1.45, 95%CI:1.11-1.98). The results evidenced an increased risk of concurrent SUM in female students who achieved greater success in sports. Therefore, it seems that public health authorities should develop specific educational and preventive programs in female athletes. The timing of this study was in the first post-pandemic year which could have at least partially influenced our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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4. The Importance of Demographic Characteristics of Substance Use Disorders of University Students.
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ERTEMÜR DEMİRARSLAN, Esra, ARABACI, Zeynep, and ÇAĞLAR, Atila
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SUBSTANCE-induced disorders ,SUBSTANCE use of college students ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,MARIJUANA ,SUBSTANCE abuse - Abstract
Copyright of Gümüshane Üniversitesi Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Gumushane University, Faculty of Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
5. EXAMINING SUBSTANCE USE AND PREDICTORS OF USE IN UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS.
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BAINTER, TIFFANY E. and HETZEL-RIGGIN, MELANIE D.
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SUBSTANCE use of college students , *EMOTIONAL trauma , *ALCOHOLISM , *PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of nicotine , *POSTTRAUMATIC growth - Abstract
Research is mixed on the common patterns of substance use within a college student population after trauma. Data was collected from students from a mid-sized, Midwestern university. Respondents often reported the use of combinations of medications and drugs that could lead to dangerous effects. Alcohol use was predicted by the substance use expectancies and nicotine may serve as a gateway drug. Students may find themselves using substances to cope with traumatic events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
6. Taking drugs for exams: an investigation with social work students.
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Schweighart, Roxana, Kruck, Sebastian, and Blanz, Mathias
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SOCIAL work students , *EXAMINATIONS , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *PLANNED behavior theory , *YOUNG adults , *HIGHER education - Abstract
The present study carried out in Germany is concerned with social work students' consumption of either non-prescribed medicine (e.g. amphetamine) or illegal drugs (such as cocaine) to improve their cognitive performance (neuroenhancement) during examinations. In the main study (n = 257), 16% reported to have consumed such substances, including more men than women and more older than younger students. The use of drugs was neither influenced by study-related variables (e.g. performance pressure) nor parent-related factors (e.g. high-performance expectations). However, as expected by the Theory of Planned Behavior, there were impacts of (1) students' belief in the supposed effectiveness of neuroenhancers, (2) their affiliation to a 'doping' student minority group, and (3) the possibility and situational ease of procurement of such substances. The conclusions were supported by a replication study (n = 444). Finally, implications of these results for social work education are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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7. The association between cigarette smoking attitudes and social capital among Iranian health and medical students: a cross-sectional study.
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Zahedi, Hamideh, Sahebihagh, Mohammad Hasan, Sarbakhsh, Parvin, and Gholizadeh, Leila
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SOCIAL capital , *SMOKING & psychology , *MEDICAL students , *HEALTH occupations students , *COLLEGE student attitudes , *SUBSTANCE use of college students - Abstract
Background: Smoking remains a leading public health challenge globally. As a psychosocial determinant of health, social capital can influence health attitudes and behaviors, and thus it may have the capacity to reduce smoking rates. The aim of this research was to examine the association between social capital and attitudes towards smoking among university students.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 538 health and medical students, recruited using the proportionate sampling method. Participants' social capital and attitudes toward smoking were assessed using the social capital questionnaire (SCQ) and the scale of cigarette smoking attitude (CSA). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and the multiple regression analysis.Results: About one in four health and medical students reported smoking, either currently or in the past, and 30% had either positive or indifferent attitudes towards smoking. The mean scores of the SCQ and the CSA were 105.1 ± 19.7 and 48.6 ± 11.2, respectively. There was a statistically significant negative association between the SCQ and the CSA scores (r = - 0.24; p < 0.001). In the regression analysis, the SCQ scores were also negatively and statistically significantly associated with the CSA scores, after controlling potential confounders (B: -0.09; 95% CI: - 0.13 to - 0.004).Conclusions: As future healthcare providers, who are expected to take the primary role in reducing smoking rates in the community, health and medical students should be supported to develop appropriate attitudes towards smoking. Promoting positive social capital among university students has the capacity to improve their attitudes towards smoking. Possessing negative attitudes towards smoking should hopefully reduce smoking behaviors among future health professionals and improve their participation in anti-smoking campaigns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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8. Addictive behaviors: An analysis of support type and relapse rates among college students.
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Borchardt, Jamie and Casilio, Danielle
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SUBSTANCE use of college students ,DRUGS of abuse ,PSYCHOLOGY students ,MIXED methods research ,ALCOHOL drinking in college ,SOCIAL support ,DRUG abuse counseling ,HEALTH counseling - Abstract
Addictions can be classified as any substance, habit or behavior that one has come to depend upon. These can include a variety of habits or behaviors outside of the traditional illicit drug realm. We studied substances, behaviors and habitual addictions to determine if relapse rates are negatively correlated with positive or negative support. We used a mixed-methods design that examined undergraduate psychology students who were asked to give up an addictive substance, behavior or habit of their choice for 30 days. In addition to investigating data using qualitative measures, two independent samples t-tests found that there were significant differences between relapse rates and support levels, p=.002, and relapse rates and gender p=.011. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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9. Recreational Sports Participation as a Mediating Factor for College Student Alcohol Use.
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Jackson, Deborah L., Walling, Laura, and Thompson, Amy
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RECREATIONAL sports ,ATHLETICS ,SUBSTANCE use of college students ,STUDENT recreation ,MULTIVARIATE analysis ,ALCOHOL drinking ,UNIVERSITIES & colleges - Abstract
Research indicates that college students involved in extracurricular activities are less likely to abuse alcohol or other drugs. This study investigated whether or not involvement in recreational sports acts as a protective factor in preventing abuse and explored whether substance use differs by type of recreational sports program: team sports, individual or dual sports, fitness programs, and nonparticipation in any recreational sports activity. Trained resident assistants surveyed college freshmen (N = 316) living in residence halls. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analyses of variance were calculated. Overall, no significant differences in alcohol use based on participation and type of activity were found regarding recreational sports participants; however, findings are useful in providing future direction for recreational sports programs. Implications for campus recreation professionals related to program planning, student employee and sports officials training, team captain training or orientation, and use of peer educators are addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2007
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10. Consumo de alcohol y tabaco en estudiantes de pregrado de la modalidad presencial en instituciones de educación superior.
- Author
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Pimienta Concepción, Iván, Viteri Rodríguez, Juan, Verano Gómez, Nancy, Chuquimarca Once, Doris Alexandra, and Vázquez, Lester Wong
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SUBSTANCE use of college students ,ALCOHOL drinking ,TOBACCO use - Abstract
Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
11. Hearing "That's So Gay" and "No Homo" on Campus and Substance Use Among Sexual Minority College Students.
- Author
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Winberg, Carter, Coleman, Todd, Woodford, Michael R., McKie, Raymond M., Travers, Robb, and Renn, Kristen A.
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MINORITY college students ,SEXUAL minority students ,SUBSTANCE use of college students ,SEXUAL orientation ,MICROAGGRESSIONS ,DISCRIMINATION in higher education ,CISGENDER people ,ALCOHOL & LGBTQ+ people ,HETEROSEXISM in higher education - Abstract
Sexual orientation microaggressions are common on college campuses and can contribute to negative outcomes; yet little is known about their relationship with substance use outcomes. Among a convenience sample of cisgender sexual minority college students (n= 574; 57.0% female, 24.9% people of color, 50.7% gay/lesbian; 72.4% public school) from 37 states (67.8% Midwest), this analysis investigates the association between hearing "that's so gay" and "no homo" on campus and hazardous alcohol use and the frequency of illicit drug use. Using multivariable regression analyses, the commonly heard phrases "that's so gay" and "no homo" were each found to significantly increase the risk for hazardous drinking and the frequency of drug use among students. Efforts should be made to create more welcoming campus climates for sexual minority students by reducing the use of these microaggressions and, in the meantime, offering supports to mitigate their harmful effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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12. Assessing Marijuana Use, Anxiety, and Academic Performance Among College Students.
- Author
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Wallis, Aaron L., Gretz, David P., Rings, Jeffrey A., and Eberle, Kiersten M.
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MARIJUANA abuse , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *GRADE point average , *ACADEMIC achievement , *MENTAL health of college students - Abstract
This article examines the relationship between marijuana use and anxiety symptoms among college students, with a secondary focus on marijuana use and grade point average (GPA). A secondary analysis was conducted on data obtained from the American College Health Association–National College Health Assessment. Results indicated that marijuana use was negatively associated with GPA among students with current anxiety and no formal treatment. The relationships between these variables may be more complex than previously thought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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13. Student Behavior.
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PSYCHOLOGY of college students ,STUDENT political activity ,COLLEGE students ,SUBSTANCE use of college students - Published
- 2019
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14. The impact of a theory-based web-intervention on the intention to use prescription drugs for non-medical purposes among college students: a randomized controlled trial.
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Arabyat, Rasha M, Borrego, Matthew, Hamidovic, Ajna, Sleath, Betsy, and Raisch, Dennis W
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DRUG prescribing ,DRUG abuse ,COLLEGE student attitudes ,SUBSTANCE use of college students ,HEALTH promotion ,INTENTION ,WORLD Wide Web ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,CONTROL groups - Abstract
The non-medical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD) among college students is escalating at an alarming rate. A limited number of studies have utilized a theoretical framework to influence this behavior. To utilize the reasoned-action approach theory to design and evaluate a web-based intervention to influence students' attitudes, perceived norms (PNs), perceived behavioral control (PBC) and intentions toward NMUPD. Using a two-group post-test only controlled trial, students were randomized to view either a general health website or a web-based intervention focused on NMUPD. The intervention was presented in multiple sections to address each component of the reasoned-action approach. Subsequently, respondents completed a web-survey. Independent t -tests were used to compare responses between the two groups. Of 391 respondents, 112 (28.9%) students indicated previous NMUPD. The intervention group had significantly (P = 0.04) more negative attitudes toward NMUPD. No significant differences were found in PNs (P = 0.11), PBC (P = 0.68) or intentions to NMUPD (P = 0.97). The intervention was successful in changing attitudes toward NMUPD. Targeting the intervention toward college students regardless of previous experiences of NMUPD might have led to insufficiency of the intervention to influence intentions. Additional research is needed to improve the intervention dissemination and utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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15. Perceived Social Norms about Pro-Marijuana Messages on Social Media and College Students' Viral Behavioral Intentions: A Comparative Study on the Moderating Role of Opposite Marijuana Legislation.
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SOCIAL norms ,SUBSTANCE use of college students ,MARIJUANA legalization ,SOCIAL media ,MEDICAL marijuana - Abstract
Given social norms theory and the theory of normative social behavior, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived social norms about pro-marijuana messages on social media and college students' viral behavioral intentions. More importantly, we sought to determine whether this relationship might vary by opposite marijuana legislation. College students were sampled from Washington State, where marijuana is legalized for medical and recreational purpose, and the state of Wyoming, where marijuana is not legalized. Our results showed that college students who had a higher level of perceived injunctive norms about promarijuana messages were more likely to share the messages on social media. Interestingly, college students in Washington were marginally more likely to share pro-marijuana messages on social media than those who in Wyoming at the high level of perceived injunctive norm of typical students on their campus about the messages, whereas, when at the low level, it was predicted in the opposite way. We discussed the implications of these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
16. Differences in Current Hookah and Cigarette Smoking Status Attitudes and Beliefs at a Florida University: A Discriminant Analysis.
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Castañeda, Gail, Barnett, Tracey E., Romero, Sergio, Mi Jung Lee, and MacInnes, Jann
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SMOKING ,CIGARETTE smokers ,SUBSTANCE use of college students ,SOCIAL norms ,QUESTIONNAIRES - Abstract
Rising college hookah use, in the absence of cigarettes, suggests attitudinal differences among both forms of tobacco consumption. This study examines which smoking attitudes/beliefs are most distinguishing across current non-smokers, cigarette smokers, hookah smokers, and dual (cigarette and hookah-only) smokers at a Florida university. Selfadministered questionnaire data from 373 university students were categorized into four groups based on self-reported 30-day smoking status. Discriminant analysis was used to examine maximal differences between groups across perceived peer acceptability of cigarette smoking, peer acceptability of hookah smoking, hookah smoking harmfulness, and attitude toward peer hookah smoking. Descriptive analyses indicated an overall awareness of hookah smoking harmfulness across all four groups. Discriminant analysis findings indicated peer acceptability of cigarette smoking (r = .75) contributed the most to attitude/belief differences across all four groups. Pairwise group comparisons showed a significant attitudinal mean difference in peer acceptability to cigarettes for cigarette smokers vs hookah smokers (T=3.9, p=.001). Study findings underscore the need for campus-based anti-smoking social norm approaches targeting positive hookah smoking peer use attitudes. Programming efforts are recommended to implement the use of self-reported perceived peer acceptability to cigarette smoking as a potential risk indicator for students at-risk for cigarette or dual use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
17. Designing Anti-Binge Drinking Prevention Messages: Message Framing vs. Evidence Type.
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Kang, Hannah and Lee, Moon J.
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ALCOHOL drinking in college , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *ATTITUDES toward drinking of alcoholic beverages , *BINGE drinking , *ADVERTISING , *BEHAVIOR modification , *COLLEGE students , *HEALTH promotion , *STATISTICS , *DATA analysis , *PREVENTION - Abstract
We investigated whether presenting anti-binge drinking health campaign messages in different message framing and evidence types influences college students’ intention to avoid binge drinking, based on prospect theory (PT) and exemplification theory. A 2 (message framing: loss-framed message/gain-framed message) X 2 (evidence type: statistical/narrative) between-subjects factorial design with a control group was conducted with 156 college students. College students who were exposed to the loss-framed message condition exhibited a higher level of intention to avoid binge drinking in the near future than those who did not see any messages (the control group). This finding was mainly among non-binge drinkers. Regardless of evidence type, those who were exposed to the messages exhibited a higher level of intention to avoid binge drinking than those in the control group. This is also mainly among non-binge drinkers. We also found the main effects of message framing and evidence type on attitude toward the message and the main effect of message framing on attitude toward drinking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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18. Non-medical use of prescription drugs and cultural orientation among college students in China.
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Tam, Cheuk Chi, Benotsch, Eric G., Wang, Xiaolei, Lin, Danhua, Du, Hongfei, and Chi, Peilian
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MEDICATION abuse , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *CHINESE students , *ANALGESICS , *SEDATIVE abuse , *DRUG therapy , *CULTURE , *DRUGS , *RESEARCH funding , *STUDENTS , *TRANQUILIZING drugs , *UNIVERSITIES & colleges , *CENTRAL nervous system stimulants , *CROSS-sectional method , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Background: Due to a dramatic increase in the past 20 years, the non-medical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD) has become a global public health issue. College students have high prevalence of NMUPD in the United States. However, limited studies have been conducted among Chinese students. The purposes of this study were to examine the prevalence of NMUPD among college students in two urban centers (Beijing and Macau) in China and assess its relationships with cultural orientation (collectivism - primary focus on the group and individualism - primary focus on the individual).Methods: In January-April 2017, 849 undergraduates (72.2% female) from Beijing and Macau, with an average age of 20 completed online surveys about their demographics, NMUPD, and cultural orientation.Results: Overall, 62.9% (lifetime) and 33.4% (past three-months) of students in Beijing reported NMUPD, while 35.9% (lifetime) and 21.8% (past three-months) of students in Macau reported NMUPD. The most commonly non-medically used class of medicine (lifetime) was analgesics (62.9% Beijing; 35.5% Macau), followed by sedatives (4.0% Beijing; 0.9% Macau), anxiolytics (2.7% Beijing; 0.6% Macau), and stimulants (1.0% Beijing; 0.2% Macau). Multivariate analyses suggested a positive association of individualism with lifetime NMUPD (OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.15, 2.75, p < .01 in Beijing; OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.16, 2.02, p < .01 in Macau).Conclusion: NMUPD in Chinese college students appears to be common. More discussion is needed in China about regulation of prescription drugs. Future culturally-tailored NMUPD-risk reduction intervention programs may be beneficial to Chinese college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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19. College student mental health: An evaluation of the DSM-5 self-rated Level 1 cross-cutting symptom measure.
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Bravo, Adrian J., Villarosa-Hurlocker, Margo C., Pearson, Matthew R., and Protective Strategies Study Team
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MENTAL health of college students , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *PSYCHOMETRICS , *POST-traumatic stress , *PATHOLOGICAL psychology - Abstract
The DSM-5 Self-Rated Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure was developed to aid in clinical decision-making for clients seeking psychiatric services and to facilitate empirical investigation of the dimensional nature of mental health issues. Preliminary evidence supports its utility with clinical samples. However, the brief, yet comprehensive structure of the DSM-5 Level 1 measure may benefit a high-risk population that is less likely to seek treatment. College students have high rates of hazardous substance use and co-occurring mental health symptoms, yet rarely seek treatment. Therefore, the current study evaluated the psychometric properties (i.e., construct and criterion-related validity) of the DSM-5 Level 1 measure with a large, diverse sample of non-treatment-seeking college/university students. Data from 7,217 college students recruited from 10 universities in 10 different states across the United States evidenced psychometric validation of the DSM-5 Level 1 measure. Specifically, we found acceptable internal consistency across multi-item DSM-5 domains and moderate to strong correlations among domains (internal validity). Further, several DSM-5 domains were positively associated with longer, validated measures of the same mental health construct and had similar strengths of associations with substance use outcomes compared to longer measures of the same construct (convergent validity). Finally, all DSM-5 domains were negatively associated with self-esteem and positively associated with other theoretically relevant constructs, such as posttraumatic stress (criterion-related validity). Taken together, the DSM-5 Level 1 measure appears to be a viable tool for evaluating psychopathology in college students. Several opportunities for clinical application and empirical investigation of the DSM-5 Level 1 measure are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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20. Mindfulness buffers the effects of cue-induced craving on alcohol demand in college drinkers.
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Hochster, Ariel, Block-Lerner, Jennifer, Marks, Donald R., and Erblich, Joel
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ALCOHOL drinking in college , *MINDFULNESS , *ALCOHOL drinking , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *SELF-report inventories - Abstract
Alcohol consumption among young adult college students represents a significant public health problem. The presence of alcohol-related cues in drinkers' environments can trigger powerful alcohol cravings, which may influence drinking outcomes. Less is known about how this cue-induced craving influences behavioral economic demand for alcohol. In addition, research has suggested that trait mindfulness may be an important buffer of the effects of internal states of craving on drinking decisions. Based on this literature, we hypothesized that cue-induced cravings would be associated with increased alcohol demand, an effect that would be attenuated among drinkers who have higher levels of mindfulness. Young adult college student drinkers (n = 69) completed a laboratory-based cue-induced craving assessment, a self-report assessment of trait mindfulness, and an alcohol purchase task. Findings revealed that cue-induced craving was related to higher alcohol demand. Consistent with the study hypothesis, acceptance, a component of mindfulness, buffered the effects of cue-induced craving on alcohol demand. Results raise the possibility that mindfulness-based interventions may be useful in helping disrupt the link between internal states of craving and drinking decisions in young adult college student drinkers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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21. Methodological factors as a potential source of discordance between self-report and behavioral measures of impulsivity and related constructs.
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Ellingson, Jarrod M., Potenza, Marc N., and Pearlson, Godfrey D.
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SELF-evaluation , *IMPULSE (Psychology) , *ITEM response theory , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *ALGORITHMS - Abstract
There is a consistent but poorly understood finding that self-report and behavioral measures of impulsivity are weakly correlated or uncorrelated. There are many possible explanations for this observation, including differences in how these instruments are administered and scored. The present study examined the utility of alternative scoring algorithms for self-report measures that aim to identify participants' peak impulsivity (or self-control), informed by estimates of item difficulty from Item Response Theory (IRT) analyses. College students were administered self-report questionnaires (Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale [ZSS], Barratt Impulsiveness Scale [BIS-11], behavioral measures related to risk-taking and impulsivity (Balloon Analog Risk Task [BART], Experiential Discounting Task [EDT]), and the substance use module of a clinical interview (past-six-month alcohol and marijuana use). IRT analyses were conducted on self-report measures to estimate item difficulty. Scoring algorithms ranked items by difficulty and scored items based on consecutive items endorsed or denied. A maximal scoring algorithm increased the concordance between the BIS-11 and BART (r = 0.08 vs. -0.07), but there was no evidence of increased incremental validity for substance-use. Findings suggest that methodological factors may help explain the poor concordance of self-report and behavioral measures of impulsivity, but the magnitude of these correlations remained quite small. Further, alternative scoring algorithms were correlated with substance use but did not explain any variance that was distinct from typical algorithms. Future directions are discussed for elucidating the discrepancy between self-report and behavioral measures of impulsivity-related constructs, such as using large self-report item pools to develop computer adaptive tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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22. Does social context matter? An ecological momentary assessment study of marijuana use among college students.
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Phillips, Kristina T., Phillips, Michael M., Lalonde, Trent L., and Prince, Mark A.
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MARIJUANA abuse , *ECOLOGICAL momentary assessments (Clinical psychology) , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *SOCIAL context , *DRUG abusers , *COMPARATIVE studies , *RESEARCH methodology , *MEDICAL cooperation , *RESEARCH , *SELF-evaluation , *STUDENTS , *UNIVERSITIES & colleges , *EVALUATION research - Abstract
Introduction: Past research has shown that marijuana use occurs commonly in social situations for young adults, though few studies have examined the association between immediate social context and marijuana use patterns and associated problems. The current study examined the impact of demographics, marijuana use and problem use, alcohol use, craving, and social context on the likelihood of using marijuana with others via ecological momentary assessment (EMA).Methods: College-student marijuana users (N=56) were recruited and completed a baseline assessment and training on the two-week signal-contingent EMA protocol. Participants were sent text messages three times per day randomly for two weeks.Results: Of the 1131 EMA instances during which participants reported using marijuana, 862 (76.22%) were labeled as being with others. Forty-five participants (80.36%) reported marijuana use with others present during at least half of the times they used marijuana. Findings from a multilevel logistic regression model showed a significant positive association between the probability of using with others and minutes spent using marijuana (b=0.047, p<0.001), social facilitation (b=0.138, p<0.001), and DSM-IV diagnosis (dependence versus no diagnosis, b=1.350, p=0.047).Conclusions: Cannabis dependence, more time using marijuana in the moment, and using for social facilitation purposes were positively associated with using marijuana in the context of being with others. Daily users had more variability in terms of the social context of their use. This study illustrates the complex relationship between social context and marijuana use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. The Impact of Comorbid Cannabis and Alcohol Use Disorders on the Functioning of College Students with Psychiatric Disorders.
- Author
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Whiteley, Laura, Warner, Jessica L., Ahuja, Meesha, Curtis, Virginia, Kessimian, Marianna, Ryoo, Hyeon Ju, and Brown, Larry K.
- Subjects
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SUBSTANCE-induced disorders , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *COMORBIDITY , *CANNABIS (Genus) , *ALCOHOL - Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the prevalence of substance use disorder among college youth receiving treatment for psychiatric illness and the impact of this comorbidity on educational disruption and functional outcomes. 113 college students treated at a hospital-based outpatient psychiatric program in Rhode Island from July 2012 to July 2013. Chart reviews yielded demographic information, psychiatric diagnoses, Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scores at initial evaluation, and occurrence of medical leave. Rates of medical leave and significant impairment (GAF ≤ 60) in participants with and without substance use disorders were analyzed with odds ratios adjusting for age and gender. Cannabis use (23.9%) and alcohol use (17.7%) disorders were significantly associated with lower GAF scores and medical leave for psychiatric illness. These associations were greater for cannabis use disorder. College students in psychiatric care could benefit from improved screening and treatment for both alcohol and cannabis use disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. A longitudinal study of risk perceptions and e-cigarette initiation among college students: Interactions with smoking status.
- Author
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Cooper, Maria, Loukas, Alexandra, Case, Kathleen R., Marti, C. Nathan, and Perry, Cheryl L.
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ELECTRONIC cigarettes , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *PSYCHOLOGY of college students , *LONGITUDINAL method ,TOBACCO & health - Abstract
Background: Recent data suggest that lower perceived risks of e-cigarettes are associated with e-cigarette use in young adults; however, the temporality of this relationship is not well-understood. We explore how perceptions of harmfulness and addictiveness of e-cigarettes influence e-cigarette initiation, and specifically whether this association varies by cigarette smoking status, in a longitudinal study of tobacco use on college campuses.Methods: Data are from a 5-wave 24-college study in Texas. Only students who reported never using e-cigarettes at wave 1 were included (n = 2565). Multilevel discrete-time hazard models, accounting for school clustering, were used. The dependent variable, ever e-cigarette use, was assessed at each wave. Both time-varying (e-cigarette perceptions of harmfulness and addictiveness, age, use of cigarettes, use of other tobacco products, and use of other substances) and time-invariant demographic covariates were included. Two-way interactions between each e-cigarette perception variable and current conventional cigarette use were tested to determine if the hypothesized relationship differed among smokers and non-smokers.Results: 21% of all never e-cigarette users at baseline had initiated e-cigarette ever use by wave 5. Significant two-way interactions qualified the relationship between risk perceptions and e-cigarette initiation. Specifically, perceptions of a lower degree of harmfulness (OR = 1.13, p = .047) and addictiveness (OR = 1.34, p < .001) of e-cigarettes predicted initiation among non-smokers, but not among current smokers.Conclusion: Perceiving a lower degree of risk of e-cigarettes contributes to subsequent e-cigarette initiation among non-smokers, but not among current smokers.Findings: have implications for prevention campaigns focusing on the potential harm of e-cigarettes for non-smoking college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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25. Trauma exposure and heavy drinking and drug use among college students: Identifying the roles of negative and positive affect lability in a daily diary study.
- Author
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Weiss, Nicole H., Bold, Krysten W., Sullivan, Tami P., Contractor, Ateka A., Armeli, Stephen, and Tennen, Howard
- Subjects
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PSYCHOLOGY of college students , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *ALCOHOL drinking in college , *EMOTIONAL trauma , *DIARY studies - Abstract
Trauma exposure is linked to heavy drinking and drug use among college students. Extant research reveals positive associations between negative affect lability and both trauma exposure and alcohol use. This study aimed to extend past research by using daily diary methods to test whether (a) individuals with (versus without) trauma exposure experience greater negative and positive affect lability, (b) negative and positive affect lability are associated with heavy drinking and drug use, and (c) negative and positive affect lability mediate the relations between trauma exposure and heavy drinking and drug use. Participants were 1640 college students (M age=19.2, 54% female, 80% European American) who provided daily diary data for 30days via online surveys. Daily diaries assessed negative and positive affect and substance use (i.e., percent days of heavy drinking, percent days of drug use, total number of drugs used). Individuals with (versus without) a history of trauma exposure demonstrated higher levels of negative and positive affect lability. Negative, but not positive, affect lability was associated with percent days of heavy drinking, percent days of drug use, and total number of drugs used, and mediated the associations between trauma exposure and heavy drinking and drug use outcomes. Findings provide support for the underlying role of negative affect lability in the relations between trauma exposure and heavy drinking and drug use among college students, suggesting that treatments targeting negative affect lability may potentially serve to reduce heavy drinking and drug use among trauma-exposed college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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26. The Experiences of College Students in Recovery From Substance Use Disorders.
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Iarussi, Melanie M.
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SUBSTANCE use of college students , *ALCOHOL drinking in college , *COUNSELORS , *ACTIVE recovery , *HUMAN services personnel , *COUNSELING - Abstract
Colleges are often substance‐saturated environments, creating challenges for students trying to maintain recovery from substance use disorders. Using phenomenological method, this study sought to enhance understanding of the experiences of college students in recovery. Findings include 6 main themes that describe the experiences of participants, and implications for professional counselors are delineated from these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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27. Psychological complaints and drug consumption in university students served in a healthcare service.
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de Cassia Rondina, Regina, Teixeira Piovezzani, Caio Augusto, Chiararia de Oliveira, Debora, and Aragão Martins, Raul
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SUBSTANCE use of college students ,PSYCHOLOGY of college students ,MENTAL health services - Abstract
Copyright of SMAD Revista Electronica Salud Mental, Alcohol y Drogas is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirao Preto and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2018
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28. Concurrent and Simultaneous Use of Cannabis and Tobacco and Its Relationship with Academic Achievement amongst University Students.
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Hernández-Serrano, Olga, Gras, Maria E., and Font-Mayolas, Sílvia
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MARIJUANA abuse , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *ACADEMIC achievement , *GRADE point average - Abstract
The combined use of cannabis and tobacco is frequent in Europe. Few studies have nonetheless explored this pattern of consumption and its relationship with academic achievement in Spanish population. The aim of the present study was to analyze (1) the frequency of four patterns of polydrug use the last year (non-dual users of cannabis and tobacco; concurrent users: cannabis and tobacco separately; simultaneous users: tobacco in cannabis "joints"; simultaneous users: tobacco in cannabis joints alongside alcohol) by gender and age; (2) grade point average (GPA) by gender and age; (3) the association between the frequency of the four patterns of use and the GPA amongst a sample of 477 Spanish university students. The use of cannabis and tobacco (concurrent and simultaneous) and GPA were assessed by means of self-reported questionnaires. Statistically significant differences were found for the GPA with respect to gender. The GPA by the non-dual users of cannabis and tobacco was significantly higher than the GPA corresponding to the concurrent and simultaneous users. The combined use of cannabis and tobacco, regardless of the type of use (concurrent or simultaneous), is moderately related to poor academic achievement amongst university students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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29. A quantification of the alcohol use-consequences association in college student and clinical populations: A large, multi-sample study.
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Prince, Mark A., Pearson, Matthew R., Bravo, Adrian J., and Montes, Kevin S.
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- *
ALCOHOL drinking in college , *ALCOHOLISM treatment , *DIAGNOSIS of alcoholism , *BINGE drinking , *ALCOHOL drinking , *SUBSTANCE use of college students - Abstract
Background: The present study sought to quantify the relationship between alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences in both college student and clinical samples.Methods: We gathered 33 college student datasets comprising of 15,618 participants and nine clinical sample datasets comprising of 4,527 participants to determine the effect size of the relationship between alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences. We used random-effects meta-analytic techniques, separately in college and clinical samples, to account for a distribution of true effects and to assess for heterogeneity in effect sizes.Results: Results demonstrated that the clear majority of the variability in alcohol-related consequences is not explained by alcohol use (ie, >77% in college samples; >86% in clinical samples), and that there was significant heterogeneity in all effect sizes.Conclusions and Scientific Significance: Experiencing alcohol-related consequences results from factors that extend beyond frequency and quantity of alcohol consumed suggesting a need to examine other predictors of alcohol-related consequences beyond alcohol use. (Am J Addict 2018;27:116-123). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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30. Sexual and Gender Minority College Students and Tobacco Use in Texas.
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Hinds, Josephine T., Loukas, Alexandra, and Perry, Cheryl L.
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- *
SEXUAL minority students , *MINORITY college students , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *TRANSGENDER people , *TOBACCO products , *MEDICAL communication - Abstract
Introduction: Most research regarding sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations is limited to examination of cigarette or general tobacco use or does not examine heterogeneity across SGM groups other than lesbian or gay and bisexual individuals. This study examined differences in the odds of current use and age of initiation of five tobacco/nicotine products among three groups of SGM young adults who self-identified as (1) gay or lesbian, (2) bisexual, and (3) queer, transgender, or "other," compared to their heterosexual peers.Methods: Participants were 4252 college students aged 18-29 years from 24 colleges in Texas who completed an online tobacco use survey. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to examine the odds of SGM participants currently using each tobacco product. Multilevel linear regression models were used to examine the association of current product users' SGM status with self-reported age of each product's initiation. All models were adjusted for sociodemographic factors and accounted for students clustered within each college.Results: At least one SGM group had significantly greater odds of currently using every tobacco product type compared to heterosexual participants, except hookah. There were few differences across groups in age of initiation. However, queer, transgender, and "other-" identified participants initiated e-cigarettes 1.34 years younger than heterosexual participants, and bisexual participants initiated smokeless tobacco 3.66 years younger than heterosexual participants.Conclusions: Findings highlight some significant tobacco use disparities among SGM young adults compared to their heterosexual peers. Longitudinal studies with larger group sizes will identify prospective predictors of sustained SGM-related tobacco use disparities.Implications: This study extends the current literature by including the sexual and gender minority identity options of queer, transgender, and "other," highlighting disparities in tobacco use between young adults in these subgroups compared to their heterosexual peers, particularly in noncigarette tobacco product use. Findings underscore the need for the Food and Drug Association and other health agencies to tailor health communication efforts specific to sexual and gender minority populations pertaining to the risks and harms surrounding tobacco product use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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31. Flavored Cigars Appeal to Younger, Female, and Racial/Ethnic Minority College Students.
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Hinds III, Josephine T., Xiaoyin Li, Loukas, Alexandra, Pasch, Keryn E., Perry, Cheryl L., Hinds, Josephine T 3rd, and Li, Xiaoyin
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- *
SUBSTANCE use of college students , *CIGAR smoke , *ETHNIC groups , *NICOTINE addiction , *SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors , *LOGISTIC regression analysis - Abstract
Introduction: This study examined the association of sociodemographic characteristics, tobacco and substance use behaviors, and reasons to use cigars in young adults' flavored and non-flavored cigar use.Methods: Participants were 523, 18- to 29- year-old young adult college students (60.4% male; 40.9% non-Hispanic white) who reported current (past 30-day) cigar use.Results: Almost 75% of the sample regularly chose flavored cigar products. Multilevel logistic regression analyses indicated that younger, female, and racial/ethnic minority cigar users had significantly greater odds of using flavored cigars than their counterparts. Current marijuana smokers, ever-blunt smokers, and students who reported using cigars because they were affordable and/or available in flavors they liked had a greater odds of flavored cigar use compared to their counterparts. Moreover, among dual users of cigars and cigarettes, those who cited using cigars because they were cheaper than cigarettes and because cigars felt like smoking regular cigarettes had greater odds of using flavored cigars compared to their peers. Number of days cigars were smoked and current use of other tobacco products were not associated with flavored cigar use.Conclusions: Appealing attributes of flavored cigars have the potential to contribute to the tobacco use and subsequent nicotine addiction of younger, female, and racial/ethnic minority young adults. The wide variety of cigar flavors, their attractive price, and similarity to cigarette smoking underscore the need for additional research that links these unique traits to sustained tobacco use, and underscore the need for regulation of flavored products.Implications: This study extends the current literature by finding that younger, female, and racial/ethnic minorities have greater odds of flavored cigar use than their peers. Flavored cigars have characteristics that appeal to members of these populations, which can contribute to their long-term use and potential for addiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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32. Frequent Experience of LGBQ Microaggression on Campus Associated With Smoking Among Sexual Minority College Students.
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Ylioja, Thomas, Cochran, Gerald, Woodford, Michael R., and Renn, Kristen A.
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- *
LGBTQ+ people , *MICROAGGRESSIONS , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *SEXUAL minority students , *MINORITY college students , *COLLEGE campuses - Abstract
Introduction: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, or queer/questioning (LGBQ) microaggressions refer to often-unintentional insults, assaults, and invalidations that denigrate sexual minorities. While experiencing hostile discrimination and violence has previously been associated with elevated rates of smoking cigarettes for LGBQ college students, the relationship between LGBQ microaggressions and smoking is unknown.Methods: Data from a national anonymous online survey of sexual and gender minority college students were used to examine the relationship between past month cigarette smoking and interpersonal LGBQ microaggressions. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the relationship between smoking and frequent (chronic) experiences of microaggressions, using a hierarchical procedure to control for demographics, predictors of smoking, and academic factors.Results: Past year frequent LGBQ microaggression was reported by 48% of respondents and was more common among students who smoked in past 30 days. Experiencing past year physical violence was reported by 15% and did not differ by smoking status. Past year frequent experience of microaggressions was associated with increased odds of 1.72 (95% CI 1.03-2.87) for past 30-day smoking after adjusting for age, gender, race, socioeconomic indicators, alcohol misuse, physical violence, as well as academic stress and engagement.Conclusions: The results indicate that frequently experiencing LGBQ microaggressions is a risk factor for LGBQ college students smoking cigarettes. The mechanisms underlying this relationship require additional research, as does identifying positive coping strategies and institutional strategies to address LGBQ microaggressions on campuses. Tobacco control efforts should consider the impact of microaggression on the social environment for the prevention and treatment of tobacco use among LGBQ individuals.Implications: Microaggressions related to sexual minority identity include subtle forms of discrimination experienced during daily interactions that can create hostile and stressful social environments for a socially disadvantaged group. Prior research has demonstrated that LGBQ college students have higher rates of cigarette smoking, and that experiencing identity-based violence is a risk factor. This study revealed that experiencing frequent LGBQ microaggressions on college campus is associated with increased likelihood of current smoking among LGBQ college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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33. Knowledge and Behaviors Associated with a Campus Tobacco-Free Policy.
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Powell, Sarah, Odahowski, Cassie, Crouch, Elizabeth, Sercy, Erica, Knight, Jackie, and Eberth, Jan M.
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SUBSTANCE use of college students ,PREVENTION of tobacco use ,HEALTH education - Abstract
Objective: Nearly half of U.S. colleges/universities have implemented tobacco-free campus policies. This study analyzed knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with the tobacco-free policy at a large public university. It is important to study public university tobacco policies to determine the most efficient and cost-effective way to reduce tobacco related disease due to tobacco use and exposure. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional, campus-wide electronic survey distributed in November 2016. The primary outcomes of interest included 1) correct knowledge of the tobacco-free policy, 2) community member willingness to approach observed violation of the policy, and 3) a positive opinion of the policy's effectiveness. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to examine the impact of demographic factors on the outcomes. Results: After analysis, the team found that 23% of university faculty, staff, and students had incorrect knowledge about the campus tobacco-free policy. Almost 70% of the university community reported not having approached a smoking violator. Males were significantly less likely to understand the tobacco-free policy in full, approach a violator, or have a positive opinion about its effectiveness. Staff had better knowledge of the policy, a higher likelihood of approaching a violator, and a better opinion about the policy's effectiveness compared to graduate and undergraduate students. Conclusions: Interventions are needed to increase awareness and confidence regarding implementation and enforcement of the tobacco-free policy on campus, particularly among faculty and students. This paper expands on the currently increasing knowledge of tobacco-free policy enforcement and benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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34. Testing measurement invariance of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale in Hispanic/Latino and non-Hispanic/Latino college students.
- Author
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Stevens, Angela K., Blanchard, Brittany E., Shi, Molin, and Littlefield, Andrew K.
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- *
IMPULSIVE personality , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *IMPULSE (Psychology) , *PSYCHOLOGY of college students , *PSYCHOLOGICAL tests - Abstract
The National Institutes of Health's (NIH) PhenX Toolkit has recognized the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale as a recommended measure of impulsive dispositions, as this framework for impulsivity-like traits has demonstrated strong psychometric properties across a variety of samples and exhibited measurement and structural invariance across males and females. Impulsivity-like facets, as assessed by this measure, have also demonstrated robust relations to alcohol and substance use. However, racial and ethnic differences in impulsivity have largely been neglected in the literature. Thus, the current study sought to test measurement invariance on the UPPS-P across Hispanic/Latino and non-Hispanic/Latino college students and determine whether ethnicity moderates the relations between impulsivity-like facets and alcohol and other substance use endorsement. Results indicated that the UPPS-P is invariant between groups in this sample, which suggests that scale scores on this measure can be reliably compared across Hispanic/Latino and non-Hispanic/Latino individuals. There were no significant differences in impulsivity-like facets across groups; however, non-Hispanic/Latino individuals who were higher in sensation seeking exhibited increased log-odds of endorsing past-month smokeless tobacco use. Finally, impulsivity-like facets were significantly and differentially related to substance use outcomes, which support findings from previous studies. This research highlights the importance of examining impulsivity-like traits and substance use among Hispanic/Latino individuals, and provides evidence that the UPPS-P can be reliably and validly interpreted when testing differences between Hispanic/Latino and non-Hispanic/Latino groups. (PsycINFO Database Record [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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35. Substance Use and Psychological Disorders Among Art and Non-art University Students: an Empirical Self-Report Survey.
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Iszáj, Fruzsina, Kapitány-Fövény, Máté, Farkas, Judit, Kökönyei, Gyöngyi, Urbán, Róbert, Griffiths, Mark D., and Demetrovics, Zsolt
- Subjects
- *
SUBSTANCE use of college students , *PSYCHOLOGY of college students , *MENTAL health of college students , *SUBSTANCE abuse & psychology , *PATHOLOGICAL psychology - Abstract
Media stories often suggest that those working in the creative arts appear to use and abuse psychoactive substances. The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationship between the use of psychoactive substances and the presence of psychological disorders among art and non-art students. Questionnaires related to these two areas were completed by 182 art students in higher education and a control group of 704 non-art university students. To assess psychoactive substance use, a structured questionnaire including the Cannabis Abuse Screening Test (CAST) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was administered to participants. Psychological disorders were assessed using the Hungarian version of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and the Global Severity Index (GSI). After analyzing the data, significant differences were found between the two groups regarding their first use of psychoactive substances. Art students’ current substance use was found to be significantly more frequent compared to the control group. In relation to psychological disorders, art students scored significantly higher on three scales of the BSI (i.e., psychoticism, hostility, and phobic anxiety). Overall, a significantly higher proportion of artists were labeled as “problematic” using the GSI. The results suggest that artists have a higher risk of both substance use and experiencing psychological disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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36. Attitudes of College-aged Electronic Cigarette Users in Hawaii.
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Taira, Deborah Ann, Seto, Jason Corey, Masterson, James, Guimaraes, Alexander, and Davis, James
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ELECTRONIC cigarettes , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *HEALTH , *SMOKING - Abstract
Objective: The objective of this qualitative study was to understand how college-aged users of e-cigarettes feel, think, and behave through in-depth face-to-face interviews. Methods: Students attending University of Hawaii using e-cigarettes were recruited for the study for in-depth face-to-face interviews (N = 23). The exploratory qualitative analysis involved coding and analyzing the open-ended responses for key themes. Results: Many interviewees believe that ecigarettes have helped them to quit smoking or reduce their use of cigarettes, and that this has improved their health. They also felt e-cigarette use was better tasting and smelling than traditional cigarettes and more socially acceptable. Conclusion: The e-cigarette users we spoke to were interested in receiving more information, particularly on long-term health effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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37. The relationship between family-based adverse childhood experiences and substance use behaviors among a diverse sample of college students.
- Author
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Forster, Myriam, Grigsby, Timothy J., Rogers, Christopher J., and Benjamin, Stephanie M.
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SUBSTANCE abuse & society , *CHILDHOOD attitudes , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *OLDER people & society , *ETHNIC groups , *HEALTH - Abstract
Introduction Research suggests that college students are an especially vulnerable subset of the population for substance use and misuse. However, despite evidence of the high prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) among students and the link between family-based ACE and substance use among older adults, this relationship remains understudied in college populations. Moreover, whether ACE represents a shared risk across substance use behaviors and ethnic groups is unknown. Methods Data are student responses ( n = 2953) on the 2015 American College Health Association's National College Health Assessment II (ACHA-NCHA II) administered at one of the largest, most diverse public universities in California. Multivariable logistic and negative binomial regression models tested the association between individual and accumulated ACE and past 30-day alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, and illicit drug use, past 12-month prescription medication misuse and polysubstance use. Results Between 50% and 75% of students involved in substance use were ACE exposed. There was a significant dose-response relationship between ACE and substance use and polysubstance use. Although accumulated ACE increased risk for substance use, there was considerable ethnic variability in these associations. Conclusions The graded effects of ACE for substance use underscore the link between family-based stressors and these behaviors in emergent adult college students. Our findings make a compelling case for investing in health initiatives that prioritize ACE screening and access to trauma-informed care in campus communities. Continued research with college populations is needed to replicate findings and clarify the role of ethnicity and culture in trauma response and help seeking behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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38. Personality, marijuana norms, and marijuana outcomes among college students.
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Pearson, Matthew R., Hustad, John T.p., Neighbors, Clayton, Conner, Bradley T., Bravo, Adrian J., and Marijuana Outcomes Study Team
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PERSONALITY assessment of youth , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *MARIJUANA abuse , *DESPAIR , *ANXIETY treatment , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Based on the high prevalence of marijuana use among college students, we examined distal and proximal antecedents to marijuana-related outcomes in this population. Specifically, we examined three marijuana-related perceptions (descriptive norms, injunctive norms, and internalization of college marijuana use culture) as potential mediators of the associations between four personality traits (impulsivity, sensation seeking, hopelessness, and anxiety sensitivity) and marijuana-related outcomes (marijuana use, negative marijuana-related consequences). In a large sample of college student marijuana users (n=2129), our path analysis revealed marijuana-related perceptions to significantly mediate the associations between personality and marijuana-related outcomes. Specifically, internalization of college marijuana use culture mediated the effects of both impulsivity and sensation seeking on marijuana-related outcomes. Not only do our findings suggest the importance of distinct types of marijuana-related norms in predicting marijuana involvement, but also the possibility that such normative beliefs could be targeted as part of personality-tailored interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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39. Exclusive e-cigarette use predicts cigarette initiation among college students.
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Loukas, Alexandra, Marti, C. Nathan, Cooper, Maria, Pasch, Keryn E., and Perry, Cheryl L.
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ELECTRONIC cigarettes , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *TOBACCO use , *SMOKING prevention , *PUBLIC health & society - Abstract
Introduction: An increasing body of research indicates that use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) predicts cigarette initiation. However, no studies examine if risk for cigarette initiation varies for exclusive ENDS users versus users of ENDS and other tobacco products. This study examined if: a) cigarette-naïve young adults (i.e., never cigarette users) who ever used ENDS had a greater odds of initiating cigarettes than non-ENDS users over a 1.5year period and b) the odds of cigarette initiation was consistent across exclusive ENDS users and users of ENDS and at least one tobacco product.Methods: Participants were 2558 cigarette-naïve 18-25year old (M=19.71; SD=1.61) students from 24 Texas colleges who participated in a four-wave study, with six months between each wave.Results: Overall, 11% of students reported cigarette initiation by wave 4. Of those, 20.1% were wave 1 ENDS users and 8.4% were non-ENDS users. Multivariable, multilevel discrete-time hazard models indicated that wave 1 ENDS use predicted subsequent cigarette initiation, over and above the significant effects of cigarette use susceptibility, family-of-origin tobacco use, friend cigarette use, and other tobacco use. Additional findings indicated that exclusive ENDS users had a greater odds than non-users of subsequent cigarette initiation. Among users of alternative tobacco products, ENDS users did not have a greater odds of initiation than non-ENDS users.Conclusion: Findings extend existing research by showing that ENDS use by young adults is a specific risk factor for later cigarette initiation and not an extension of a constellation of existing tobacco use behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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40. Exploring trends and factors related to hookah use among college students: A Cross-Sectional Survey.
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Singla, Nishu, Singla, Ritesh, Moradia, Lohan, Ahsan, Mafaz Bin, Kapoor, Arunima, and Garg, Vidushi
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HOOKAHS ,SUBSTANCE use of college students ,CROSS-sectional method ,TRENDS ,DENTAL schools - Abstract
Hookah smoking is an emerging public health concern in India. Hookah smoking is becoming a source of tobacco use among the college students nationwide. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the trend of hookah use and the factors associated with it among college students in Manipal. It was a cross sectional survey conducted on the students of a dental school in Manipal. The data was collected using self-administered structured questionnaires consisting participants' personal characteristics, health-risk behaviors and factors related to smoking hookah, opinion about increasing trend and perceptions about the harmful effects of hookah smokingdistributed among all the students of the college. The study sample of 332 dental students consisted of 247 females (74%) and 85 males (26%) with the mean age of 20 years. A total of 121 students (36%) have reported to had smoked hookah at one or more occasions (ever smokers). Out of those students that reported ever smoked hookah 72 subjects (22 %) are current hookah smokers and 49 subjects (15 %) have smoked hookah only once for trying. Maximum number of students reported curiosity (70 subjects, 58%) and social trends (25 subjects, 21%) as the major reasons for initiating hookah smoking. Almost all the subjects (113 subjects, 93%) who smoked hookah reported it was easily available and accessible to them. Majority of the subjects either didn't know or believed (170 subjects, 51.2%) that hookah is less harmful than cigarette smoking. Hookah usage was found high among the study population. Hence, it is imperative that the health risks posed by hookah smoking are addressed. Actions should be taken to limit hookah smoking and to halt this emerging public health threat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
41. The impact of alcohol and marijuana use on academic achievement among college students.
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Bolin, Riane M., Pate, Margaret, and McClintock, Jenna
- Subjects
- *
PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of alcohol , *ACADEMIC achievement , *MARIJUANA abuse , *GRADE point average , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *UNIVERSITIES & colleges - Abstract
The present study explored the direct and indirect relationship between substance use, specifically alcohol and marijuana use, and academic achievement among college students, using skipping class as a mediator. Online self-administered surveys were distributed to undergraduate students at a mid-size university in the southeast. Individually, both alcohol and marijuana use significantly predicted GPA; as the frequency of students’ reported alcohol and marijuana use increased, GPAs decreased. However, when included in the same model, marijuana use appeared to mediate the relationship between alcohol use and GPA. Additionally, it was found that skipping class partially mediated the relationship between both alcohol use and GPA and marijuana use and GPA. Given the negative relationship that was found between substance use and academic achievement for all students in our sample, we highlight the importance of substance use prevention efforts that target students throughout the entirety of their college careers. We also discuss the limitations of current prevention efforts across college campuses that focus on alcohol use alone. We recommend that prevention efforts include a focus on marijuana use, in addition to alcohol use, especially given our current findings for marijuana use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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42. Application of randomized response techniques for investigating cannabis use by Spanish university students.
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Cobo, Beatriz, Rueda, Mª Mar, and López ‐Torrecillas, Francisca
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MARIJUANA abuse , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *MENTAL health , *RANDOMIZED response , *HEALTH - Abstract
Cannabis is the most widely used illicit drug in developed countries, and has a significant impact on mental and physical health in the general population. Although the evaluation of levels of substance use is difficult, a method such as the randomized response technique (RRT), which includes both a personal component and an assurance of confidentiality, provides a combination which can achieve a considerable degree of accuracy. Various RRT surveys have been conducted to measure the prevalence of drug use, but to date no studies have been made of the effectiveness of this approach in surveys with respect to quantitative variables related to drug use. This paper describes a probabilistic, stratified sample of 1146 university students asking sensitive quantitative questions about cannabis use in Spanish universities, conducted using the RRT. On comparing the results of the direct question (DQ) survey and those of the randomized response (RR) survey, we find that the number of cannabis cigarettes consumed during the past year (DQ = 3, RR = 17 approximately), and the number of days when consumption took place (DQ = 1, RR = 7) are much higher with RRT. The advantages of RRT, reported previously and corroborated in our study, make it a useful method for investigating cannabis use. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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43. Marijuana use and associated motives in Colorado university students.
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Phillips, Kristina T., Lalonde, Trent L., Phillips, Michael M., and Schneider, Maryia M.
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MARIJUANA abuse , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *MEDICAL marijuana , *MEDICAL necessity (Law) , *REGRESSION analysis - Abstract
Background and Objectives: Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug among college students, with heavy use leading to negative outcomes. Use of marijuana for medical and recreational purposes in select U.S. states has been controversial, with concerns surrounding increased prevalence rates and harm. The current exploratory study aimed to assess marijuana use in college students in Colorado, demographic differences in frequency of use, and motives for using.Methods: College students (N = 300; 61% female) were recruited through introductory psychology courses and completed a series of questionnaires and a marijuana urine screen.Results: Almost three-fourths of the sample reported lifetime use of marijuana. Sixty-five percent used marijuana within the last year and 29% tested positive on the urine screen. Hurdle Poisson regression models with a subset of participants (n = 117) showed non-Greek and freshman status were associated with increased number of days participants used marijuana in the last month. Problem marijuana use was positively associated with a range of motives-of note-motives focused on coping, boredom, alcohol, and food.Conclusions and Scientific Significance: Prevalence rates of marijuana use were high in this sample of college students in a state with legal recreational marijuana use. Particular students (eg, students who use marijuana to cope) may be at higher risk for problem marijuana use. Developing effective, tailored interventions for university students is warranted. (Am J Addict 2017;26:830-837). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
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44. Modeling The Underlying Tobacco Smoking Predictors Among 1st Year University Students In Iran.
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Sahebihagh, Mohammad Hassan, Hajizadeh, Mohammad, Ansari, Hossein, Lesani, Azadeh, Fakhari, Ali, and Mohammadpoorasl, Asghar
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SMOKING , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *DISEASE prevalence , *LOGISTIC regression analysis , *CONFIDENCE intervals - Abstract
Background: There are scant studies on the prevalence and determinants of tobacco smoking among 1st year university students in Iran. We aim to determine the prevalence of substance abuse and identify factors related with tobacco smoking in 1st year students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences (QUMS). Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on sociodemographic, cigarette smoking, hookah smoking, and related risk factors among 521 1st year students in QUMS between January and February 2014. We used logistic regression to determine factors associated with substance abuse among students. Results: The descriptive statistics indicated that the prevalence of lifetime cigarette and hookah smoking was 8.6% (confidence interval [CI] 95%: 6.5-11.4) and 35.5% (CI 95%: 31.5-39.7), respectively. After adjustment for other factors, being male, the presence of any smoker in the family and having smoker friends were factors associated with cigarette and hookah smoking among students. Our findings also revealed the co-occurrence of risk-taking behaviors among students. Conclusions: Our study showed considerably low prevalence of tobacco smoking among 1st year students. Longitudinal studies are necessary to approve the observed results of this study and thus allow for a certain generalization of the observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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- View/download PDF
45. The Relationship Between Parenting Styles and Substance Use Among University Students.
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Niazi, Zackaria I., Dick, Danielle, Adkins, Amy, and Cooke, Megan
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PARENTING ,SUBSTANCE use of college students ,PARENT participation in higher education - Abstract
Parenting styles are important in the behavioral development of adolescents. The environment created by the parent, in regards to communication with their child and level of independence given to their child, may influence the child's susceptibility to risk behaviors. This study examines the relationship between parenting style and substance use among university students. We hypothesized that university students exposed to lower levels of autonomy granting (AG) or parental involvement (PI) parenting styles would have an increased likelihood of alcohol and nicotine use. We also hypothesized that religiosity, parental education level, ethnicity, and gender would act as moderators of parenting styles and alcohol and nicotine use. Data from a diverse university-wide sample was collected in the fall semester of the student's freshman year from 2011-2014 (N = 9889, 61.5% female). Results demonstrated that AG had a significant, negative association with alcohol use (B = -0.033, p = 0.006) and nicotine use (B = -0.066, p <0.001). All moderators were found to be significant predictors of alcohol use, however only father education level demonstrated a borderline significant moderation of the relationship between PI and alcohol use. Religiosity, Black race, Asian race, and gender were found to be significant predictors of nicotine use. Only gender moderated the association between PI and nicotine use. Even though alcohol and nicotine use and AG were associated, our results indicate that once students enter university, previous parenting style does not have a strong effect on alcohol and nicotine use behaviors in our sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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46. Marijuana Use, Marijuana Expectancies, and Hypersexuality among College Students.
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Slavin, Melissa N., Kraus, Shane W., Ecker, Anthony, Sartor, Carolyn, Blycker, Gretchen R., Potenza, Marc N., Dukes, Kristin, and Foster, Dawn W.
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PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of marijuana , *HYPERSEXUALITY , *COLLEGE students' sexual behavior , *MARIJUANA abuse , *RISK-taking behavior , *HEALTH expectancy , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *ANALYSIS of covariance , *CANNABIS (Genus) , *STATISTICAL correlation , *REGRESSION analysis , *RELAXATION for health - Abstract
Research supports links between marijuana effect expectancies and risky sexual behaviors among marijuana users, but associations between marijuana expectancies and hypersexuality have yet to be investigated. The current study examined links between marijuana lifetime use and hypersexuality among university students. A hierarchical regression adjusting for gender and alcohol use was used to determine the degree to which marijuana use and expectancies accounted for variance in hypersexuality. Marijuana lifetime use and hypersexuality were significantly and positively related. After adjusting for covariates, marijuana perceptual and cognitive enhancement expectancies positively correlated with hypersexuality, while tension reduction and relaxation expectancies negatively correlated with hypersexuality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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47. Ethnic–Racial Socialization, Social Bonds, and College Student Substance Use.
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Grindal, Matthew
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SOCIALIZATION , *SOCIAL bonds , *SUBSTANCE-induced disorders , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *GENDER differences (Psychology) , *ETHNIC differences - Abstract
Using survey data from a diverse college student sample (N= 1,728), this study tested how three types of parental ethnic-racial socialization received during the respondents’ youth were indirectly associated with substance use through their impact on the development of social bonds. Cultural socialization and preparation for bias messages indirectly decreased substance use, while promotion of mistrust messages indirectly increased substance use. By-group analyses indicated some ethnic and gender differences. Overall, the findings point to the importance of examining ethnic-racial socialization as a multidimensional construct in relation to social bonds to understand its impact on young adult substance use. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2017
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48. Risk factors for gambling and substance use among recent college students.
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Caldeira, Kimberly M., Arria, Amelia M., O'grady, Kevin E., Vincent, Kathryn B., Robertson, Carl, and Welsh, Christopher J.
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GAMBLING & college students , *SUBSTANCE use of college students , *YOUNG adults -- Substance use , *ALCOHOL drinking in college , *SPORTS betting , *GAMBLING & psychology , *BEHAVIOR , *LONGITUDINAL method , *RESEARCH funding , *STUDENTS , *SUBSTANCE abuse , *UNIVERSITIES & colleges , *DISEASE complications - Abstract
Background: While it is well known that substance use and gambling overlap, the degree to which this overlap can be explained by shared risk factors has not been fully explored. This study aimed to identify common and unique risk factors for gambling and substance use among young adults.Methods: Young adults (n=1,019) in a longitudinal study since college entry were interviewed annually. Past-year frequency of seven gambling activities was assessed once (Year 5). Structural equation models evaluated suspected risk factors in two models, one for gambling with substance use as an intermediary variable, and one for substance use with gambling as the intermediary variable.Results: Sixty percent gambled; 6% gambled weekly or more. Examination of the two structural models supported the existence of significant paths (a) from two of the five substance use variables (alcohol, drugs) to gambling frequency, and (b) from gambling frequency to all five substance use variables. Every risk factor associated with gambling was also associated with one or more substance use variables. Risk factors common to gambling and substance use were sex, race/ethnicity, extracurricular involvement (fraternity/sorority, athletics), impulsive sensation-seeking, and behavioral dysregulation. Risk factors unique to substance use were conduct problems, anxiety, and parent's history of alcohol and mental health problems.Conclusions: Gambling and substance use are interrelated, but with incomplete overlap in their respective risk factors. Results underscore the need for longitudinal research to elucidate their distinct etiologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
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49. When Students Drink Too Much: Whose Problem Is It Anyway?
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Foster, Holly A.
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COUNSELING in higher education ,STUDENT affairs services ,STUDENT affairs administrators ,EDUCATIONAL counseling services ,SUBSTANCE use of college students ,PREVENTION of alcoholism - Abstract
This case is for use in graduate courses in student affairs and higher education administration. It presents the challenges faced by student affairs professionals at the University of Virginia where some students participate in an annual high-risk drinking practice that has resulted in injuries and even death. Student affairs professionals at the university have attempted to address this dangerous practice for almost 20 years with minimal success. This case highlights the complex issues that administrators must often face as well as provides students the opportunity to evaluate the complex issues from the perspectives of the various constituencies involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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50. ELSA 2016 Cohort: Alcohol, Tobacco, and Marijuana Use and Their Association with Age of Drug Use Onset, Risk Perception, and Social Norms in Argentinean College Freshmen.
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Pilatti, Angelina, Read, Jennifer P., and Pautassi, Ricardo M.
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ALCOHOL drinking in college ,SUBSTANCE use of college students ,MARIJUANA abuse ,SOCIAL norms ,COLLEGE freshmen - Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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