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We have performed three-dimensional simulations of beam dynamics for transverse electromagnetic mode (TEM) type rf deflectors: normal and superconducting. The compact size of these cavities as compared to the conventional TM_{110} type structures is more attractive particularly at low frequency. Highly concentrated electromagnetic fields between the parallel bars provide strong electrical stability to the beam for any mechanical disturbance. An array of six 2-cell normal conducting cavities or a single cell superconducting structure is enough to produce the required vertical displacement at the target point. Both the normal and superconducting structures show very small emittance dilution due to the vertical kick of the beam.

Oxidative damage remains as an important factor for the growth and spread of diseases. Nelumbo nucifera (Gaertn.) ( NN) flowers are used in traditional medicine as cardiotonic. In the present study, the antioxidant activity of 70% ethanolic extract of NN was investigated and the activity was compared with Vitamin C, total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin content. The results reveal that the IC50 of the extract is lower than that of Vitamin C. It can be concluded that, NN is a rich source of phytoconstituents and a potent antioxidant than Vitamin C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Helicteres isora, a tall shrub common in central and western India is an effective antidote to snake bite and is also used for various intestinal disorders. The potential efficacy for hepatocellular regeneration of the ethanolic extract of Helicteres isora L. at doses of 150 and 250 mg/kg was investigated in CCl4-induced hepatic damage in rats for 21 days. Significant hepatoprotective effects were obtained against toxin induced liver damage as evident from assessed biochemical markers such as acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), total protein, and oxidative stress parameters as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), calalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in liver, kidney and plasma. The results revealed that at the dose of 250 mg/kg. Helicteres isora L. had a hepatocurative potential after CCl4 intoxication in rats and provided a scientific rationale for the traditional use of this plant in the management of liver diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Standardization of induction of oxidative stress with Fenton mixture (FM) in isolated perfused rat kidney and the antioxidant effect of Terminalia arjuna bark in the isolated oxidatively stressed rat kidney has been evaluated. Six groups each containing eight isolated perfused rat kidneys were used for the present study and the oxidative stress was induced by perfusing the isolated kidneys with FM. The antioxidant effect of Terminalia arjuna at the dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg was evaluated in oxidative stress induced isolated kidneys. A significant (P<0.05) increase in lipid peroxidation, gluatamate pyruvate transaminase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase were observed in oxidative stress induced isolated kidney. On perfusion with extract, the oxidative stress was decreased with increasing in antioxidants while the marker enzymes were found to maintain the normal level. It was concluded from the present study that hydroalcholic extract of Terminalia arjuna bark at the dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg showed significant antioxidant potential in isolated perfused rat kidneys.