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Purpose: This study aimed to assess the impact of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among denture stomatitis patients with implant overdenture prostheses (IODs). Materials and Methods: The patients were recruited from a specialist dental practice according to selection criteria. The Candida spp. were identified and confirmed by the microbiological culture technique. Candida counts were estimated as colony-forming units (CFU/ml) at baseline, 15, 30, and 60 days. PDT was carried out twice a week with 72 h intervals for a period of 4 weeks. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. It included the demographic details of the patients, including age, gender, education, marital and socioeconomic status (SES), oral habits, and smoking status. In addition, the Oral Health Impact Profile-EDENT (OHIP-EDENT) scale was added to assess the OHRQoL of all patients before and after PDT treatment. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, the t-test and the Shapiro-Wilk test; statistical signifcance was set at p < 0.05. Results: At baseline, the overall mean Candida CFU/ml were quite high in the implant overdenture (IODs) samples, 37.12 ± 15.8, as compared to palatal mucosa samples with 5.1 ± 2.3. After PDT treatment, a statistically significant reduction was noted in the mean Candida CFU/ml on both surfaces at all follow-up visits. It was observed that all domains of OHIP-EDENT except for physical disability and handicap showed statistically significant improvement in mean scores after PDT treatment. FL, P1, P2, D2, and D3 had statistically significant mean score improvements of 2.2, 3.1, 2.2, 1.4, and 0.7, respectively. Furthermore, after PDT treatment, the total OHIP-EDENT score showed a statistically significant improvement of 11.6. Conclusion: PDT treatment has a positive impact on the OHRQoL for patients with denture stomatitis. It can be used as an effective treatment option for the treatment of denture stomatitis in IOD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Anticancer drug-induced stomatitis can affect a patient's quality of life and the continuation of drug treatment. Although there have been reports of the occurrence of stomatitis associated with anticancer agents in clinical trials, few Japanese participants have been enrolled in clinical trials and have not been sufficiently investigated. In addition, there has been little attention on research on anticancer drugs associated with stomatitis by patient stratification with different carcinogenic sites. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the disproportionality associated with stomatitis for various types of anticancer drugs in different types of cancer patients using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database. Methods: The aim of this study was to identify the disproportionality of stomatitis by analyzing the type of anticancer drug and cancer patients using the Japanese Pharmacovigilance Database. Data obtained from spontaneous reports of adverse events with more than 10 stomatitis outbreaks reported in the JADER database between April 2004 and March 2023 were analyzed. The safety signal for an adverse event was defined as the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval of the reported odds ratio of >1. Results: There were 6,178 reports of drugs associated with stomatitis. Among these, 41 drugs were suggested to be associated with stomatitis, and 41 drugs were detected as signals. These drugs were classified based on their efficacy: antipyrimidines (six drugs), folate metabolism antagonists (three drugs), alkylating agents (four drugs), platinum (three drugs), topoisomerase inhibitors (three drugs), microtubule inhibitors (three drugs), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors (two drugs), kinase inhibitors (seven drugs), anti-growth factor antibodies (five drugs) immune checkpoint inhibitors (one drug), and others (four drugs). Conclusion: The drugs that may be associated with stomatitis were cell cycle-dependent drugs, epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and mTOR inhibitors. Moreover, this study suggested that anti-growth factor antibodies and immune checkpoint inhibitors may be associated with stomatitis development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of implant failure in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and investigate the potential association between OLP and peri‐implant diseases. Materials and Methods: Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases were searched for studies with no time restrictions. Meta‐analysis was performed calculating pooled proportion of peri‐implantitis (PI), peri‐implant mucositis (PIM), and bleeding on probing (BOP) prevalence using fixed‐effects model. Odds ratio and corresponding 95% CI were calculated to assess the potential risk of PI, PIM, and BOP in dental implant patients with OLP compared to healthy controls. Results: Implant failure rate was 4.38% at the patient level and 4.37% at the implant level. Six patients (3.92%) from five studies were diagnosed with oral cancer after receiving implant. The prevalence of PI, PIM, and BOP at the implant level were 14.00%, 20.00%, and 40.00%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of PI and PIM between OLP patients and healthy controls. Conclusions: Stabilized OLP is not considered a significant risk factor for peri‐implant diseases. It is advised against placing implants or prostheses during the acute phase of the disease. Histopathological investigation to differentiate OLP from oral lichenoid dysplasia is crucial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Incorporation of AKT inhibitors into adjuvant therapy for advanced or metastatic breast cancer has improved clinical outcomes. However, the safety of AKT inhibitors should be better evaluated, given the possibility of prolonging survival and impacting patient quality of life. Our aim was to assess how the addition of AKT inhibitors to adjuvant therapy affects treatment-related adverse events. Methods: We evaluated binary outcomes with risk ratios (RRs), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We used DerSimonian and Laird random-effect models for all endpoints. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics. R, version 4.2.3, was used for statistical analyses. Results: A total of seven RCTs comprising 1619 patients with BC. The adverse effects that show significance statistical favoring the occurrence of adverse effects in AKT inhibitor were diarrhea (RR 3.05; 95% CI 2.48–3.75; p < 0.00001; I2 = 49%), hyperglycemia (RR 3.4; 95% CI 1.69–6.83; p = 0.00058; I2 = 75%), nausea (RR 1.69; 95% CI 1.34–2.13; p = 0.000008; I2 = 42%), rash (RR 2.79; 95% CI 1.49–5.23; p = 0.0013; I2 = 82%), stomatitis (RR 2.24; 95% CI 1.69–2.97; p < 0.00001; I2 = 16%) and vomiting (RR 2.99; 95% CI 1.85–4.86; p = 0.00009; I2 = 42%). There was no significant difference between the groups for alopecia (p = 0.80), fatigue (p = 0.087), and neuropathy (p = 0.363380). Conclusion: The addition of AKT inhibitors to adjuvant therapy was associated with an increase in treatment-related adverse events. These results provide safety information for further clinical trials evaluating AKT inhibitor therapy for patients with metastatic BC. Clinicians should closely monitor patients for treatment-related adverse events to avoid discontinuation of therapy and morbidity caused by these early-stage therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Statement of the Problem: Chemotherapy-induced mucositis is the most common complication during cancer treatment. This complication can lead to pain, increased risk of infection and malnutrition. Therefore, it is important to find a solution to reduce the severity and duration of side effects. Purpose: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of Mucosamin spray as an adjunct for prevention of oral mucositis in children under chemotherapy. Materials and Method: This parallel-design clinical trial evaluated 48 patients aged 5 to 15 years with leukemia and lymphoma presenting to the Hematology Department of Mofid and Mahak Hospitals. The patients were randomly divided into two groups (n=24). Before starting chemotherapy, all patients received oral hygiene instructions (toothbrushing without flossing). Patients in both groups were requested to use a mouthwash composed of nystatin, aluminum-magnesium hydroxide suspension (aluminum MgS), and diphenhydramine for 1 min every morning on a daily basis starting the day before treatment. Patients in the intervention group were also requested to spray their entire oral mucosa with Mucosamin spray 3 times a day in addition to using the mouthwash. Patients were requested to refrain from eating and drinking for 1h after spraying. The patients were clinically examined by a senior dental student once every other day for 20 days regarding the occurrence, severity, and duration of oral mucositis. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and log rank test. Results: No significant difference was noted between the two groups in the incidence, severity, or time of development of mucositis (p> 0.05). The 7-day non-recovery percentage was 72.7% (SE= 13.4) and 25.0% (SE= 15.3) in the control and test groups, respectively, indicating shorter duration (faster healing) of mucositis in the intervention group (p= 0.01). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it seems that prophylactic application of Mucosamin spray can shorten the course of oral mucositis, in case of its occurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Aprepitant, fosaprepitant, and netupitant are three common neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists (NK-1RAs) used to prevent chemotherapyinduced nausea and vomiting, following highly or moderately emetogenic chemotherapy. Understanding their different adverse event (AE) profiles may help clinicians make appropriate treatment decisions. Methods: All data collected from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database from the first quarter of 2004 to the fourth quarter of 2023 underwent disproportionality analysis to detect, evaluate, and compare AE signals of the three NK-1RAs. Results: A total of 3,904, 1,123, and 243 AE reports related to aprepitant, fosaprepitant, and netupitant, respectively, were extracted from the FAERS database. Of these, more than 50% of respondents were female, and most of them were aged 45-65 years. General disorders and administration-site conditions, and gastrointestinal disorders were themost frequent signals in the system organ class of the three NK-1RA drugs. In addition, aprepitant was strongly associated with joint deposit (ROR = 26.27) and fosaprepitant was closely related to seizure-like phenomena (ROR = 26.90); two preferred terms (PTs) were not mentioned in the manual. Statistically, netupitant was likely to induce death (N = 63, ROR = 8.78, 95% CI: 6.75-11.42). Additionally, neutropenic colitis, colitis, and stomatitis were unique to netupitant. Furthermore, the AE profiles of the three NK-1RA drugs were different by gender. Conclusion: The AE profiles for aprepitant, fosaprepitant, and netupitant were different. In addition to paying attention to common AEs, clinicians need to pay attention to new emerging AEs, such as joint deposit, seizure-like phenomena, neutropenic colitis, colitis, and stomatitis, regarding the three NK-1RA drugs. Furthermore, the AE compositions of the three NK-1RA drugs were different in different genders, and clinicians should take these factors into account when selecting NK-1RAs for CINV treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Ixekizumab, an interleukin (IL)-17A inhibitor, exerts its therapeutic effects in psoriasis by inhibiting the interleukin (IL)-17 signaling pathway. Common adverse reactions to ixekizumab include injection site reactions and upper respiratory tract infections (URIs), while occurrences of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and multiple mucosal ulcers are infrequent. We present a case of a 51-year-old man who developed multiple mucosal ulcers after ixekizumab treatment. Methods: A 51-year-old man presented to our hospital with a 1-month history of pharyngalgia. The flexible laryngoscope displayed mild hyperemia in the pharyngeal mucosa and tonsils, redness and swelling of the epiglottis, as well as multiple ulcers in the oral cavity, uvula, and epiglottis. These ulcers did not improve with conventional treatment. Results: Upon evaluation, the ulcers were an immune-related adverse event induced by ixekizumab. Consequently, a decision was made to discontinue the drug and initiate a therapeutic regimen including corticosteroids and thalidomide. Eventually, the patient's symptoms abated. Conclusions: Biologics are now becoming increasingly popular in psoriasis. It is vital for clinicians to be aware of this potential adverse event and to identify and intervene early to alleviate patients' suffering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To investigate the rate of dispensed antibiotic prescriptions to children and adolescents with PFAPA and compare this with the rate for children in the general population. Furthermore, to compare dispensed antibiotic prescription rates before and after a diagnosis of PFAPA was established. Methods: Patients aged 0–17 years and diagnosed with PFAPA between 1 January 2006 to 31 October 2017 were included retrospectively. Data on dispensed drug prescriptions were obtained from the Swedish National Prescribed Drug Register. Results: The PFAPA cohort received more antibiotic prescriptions than the general population in all but one of the age groups and time periods that were analysed. The largest difference was seen in 2014–2017 in the youngest age group (0–4 years) when children with PFAPA received 1218 antibiotic prescriptions per 1000 person years compared to 345 in the general population (IRR 3.5; 95% CI 2.8–4.4). The yearly number of antibiotic prescriptions to PFAPA patients was reduced from 2.1 before diagnosis to 0.8 after diagnosis, a reduction of 62%. Conclusion: This study shows higher rates of dispensed antibiotic prescriptions for children with PFAPA than in the general population. The reduction of prescriptions after an established PFAPA diagnosis indicates that antibiotics were previously incorrectly prescribed for PFAPA episodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]