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Regional development is a priority objective of the EU. Reducing gaps and inequalities between European countries or regions requires coordinated efforts through a regional development policy. To make the implementation of regional political measures more efficient, the European territory was divided into regions according to certain territorial division criteria, NUTS. Considering this context, the paper aims to carry out a socioeconomic analysis at the regional level, using the Tempo Online statistical database of the National Institute of Statistics (INS). For this purpose, indicators were used regarding the labor force, the level of living and economic statistics of the development regions in Romania.

The paper shows how the agri-sector is influenced by the emergence and development of the digitisation process. This is presented using a bibliometric analysis. The importance of studying and understanding the current challenges facing the agricultural sector including the emergence and development of the digitisation process of the sector is the main aim of this paper. All these challenges are felt by both the agricultural sector and the economy as a whole. This paper contributes to the literature. This is due to the bibliometric analysis through which the most important aspects of the challenges facing the entire agricultural sector today are observed. Among the current challenges facing the agricultural sector, climate change is among the most important. The results of the bibliometric analysis show that the keywords searched and their clustering confirm that the emergence and rapid development of digitisation brings both positive and negative effects to the whole agricultural sector. Following the search of Web of Science and Scopus databases, 203 papers were identified in Web of Science and Scopus using the phrase "the impact of digitization on agriculture". The bilbiometric analysis comprises several steps, including the analysis of the years of emergence of studies on the emergence of the digitisation process in agriculture. Thus, within this stage, the analysis of the years, it is signalled the transition from some aspects that concern the technological side to other economic and even human aspects. On the whole, there is a shift in research topics towards studying how the emergence and development of the digitisation process brings both positive and negative influences between the agricultural sector and society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the preferences of Romanian consumers when purchasing agri-food products, with a focus on products from family farms, and to identify pathways for promoting family farms' outputs for enhancing the development of rural areas and the local economy. For this, a survey was carried out using a questionnaire as the main tool. Firstly, the data collected were analysed from a descriptive point of view. Then, multiple linear regression and the chi-square test were used to determine the relationships between variables, and ANOVA was used to identify significant differences between groups. The results revealed that consumers with a higher level of education are more confident in certified products and are better informed, with a greater ability to distinguish certified from non-certified products through logos. Finally, the results indicate an opportunity for family farms to sell their products for a higher price within a secure market, mainly in urban areas. However, for this to happen, it is necessary to implement a quality scheme, highlighting the origin and originality of the product (product obtained from a family farm, including logo) coupled with awareness campaigns on the advantages that this product has, both for the consumer and the farmer or the region it comes from. These aspects could improve the development of rural areas from all points of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the ever-increasing need for food and the challenges of climate change, as well as the availability of European funding for agriculture, it is crucial to adopt advanced agricultural technologies to maintain and improve agricultural efficiency. This study aims to assess the impact of modern agricultural technologies on the efficiency of cereal production in Romania. Using data collected from N.I.S., we examined the relationship between the implementation of technologies such as irrigation systems, farm equipment and chemical fertilizers and grain yield, assessed as the relationship between total production and area of land cultivated, using multiple linear regression. Findings indicate that agricultural technology and infrastructure significantly influence the level of production. The increase in the number of tractors, ploughs and combines indicates a trend towards modernisation and mechanisation in the Romanian agricultural sector. This is in line with farmers' efforts to respond to the growing demand for cereal products and to benefit from the opportunities offered by the NRDP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cooperatives are known worldwide as important institutional commitments to overcome the constraints faced by small farmers in developing countries. We conducted an in-depth investigation in order to identify the reasons behind the underdevelopment of agricultural cooperatives in Romania, as well as the solutions that the representatives of cooperatives see, starting from the premise that they are the main connoisseurs of this activity, knowing the strengths, but especially the weaknesses of this activity, by administering a questionnaire-based survey as the main research tool. Clearly, cooperative representatives are aware of the socio-economic implications and role of cooperatives, with average values closer to "total agreement", especially in terms of contribution to food security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing awareness of the importance of food security and human concerns about the changes that have occurred in ecosystems has led to an increase in research on the impacts of climate change on agriculture. Climate change, a topic addressed worldwide, generates imbalances in the agricultural sector on multiple levels, such as: productivity, profitability and labour requirements. The aim of the present paper is to highlight the importance of approaching the subject related to the impact of climate change on the agricultural sector, at the same time emphasizing the existing connections on different fields of study: strategic management, agronomy, ecology, agricultural practices, agricultural policies. The method used in the research used is bibliographic analysis, with the help of which the process of evaluating the relevant sources of information on the subject of "adaptation of agriculture to climate change" is carried out. The results demonstrate the fact that this theme is increasingly addressed by researchers since 1986, the key words being represented on the one hand by the elements of ecosystems, natural phenomena, but also by the effects felt both at the level of producers and at the level of the whole populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent decades. rural areas have been facing numerous problems. such as an ageing population. lack of jobs, migration of young people, poor infrastructure which negatively affect the quality of life of rural inhabitants. The aim of the study is to observe the economic and social evolution of the Romanian countryside over the last 10 years, taking into account the disruptive phenomena that have occurred during this period. The study is based on a quantitative and qualitative analysis of data provided by the National Institute of Statistics. In both urban and rural areas, the population tends to decline. In the case of the urban population. there was a 4.09% decrease over the period analyse, from 10.9 million to 10.46 million inhabitants. In contrast, the rural population decreased by 4.57% during the period, from 9.3 million to 8.87 million. Among the main reasons for this decrease, we can mention the high mortality rate (high degree of ageing). but also the migration of the population to Western European countries. a phenomenon that was accentuated with Romania's accession to the European Union in 2007. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Romania plays an important role in the whole of EU agriculture, being a major player in the cereals, oilseeds and vegetables market. In 2020, Romania ranked first in sunflower production, fifth in wheat production and seventh in potato production. The research aims to determine the distribution of import and export values for wheat, potato and sunflower crops, sales prices and the security of the position of the crops studied in Romania. By calculating the Gini coefficient, the degree of concentration for wheat import showed a high value, while for wheat export it showed a low value. For potato cultivation, the values of imports in 2020 were evenly distributed due to the lower concentration of the coefficient, while for exports, the degree of concentration was higher. For imports and exports, the Gini coefficient shows an even concentration range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An opportunity for the rural environment is the sustainability of agricultural activities, a concept that has recently emerged in rural areas, which is difficult to implement, as development in these areas is not uniformly achieved and requires significant investment to achieve sustainable village development. The purpose of the study was to identify the factors affecting population decline in the two regions studied to find solutions that could help to stop the decline. Data collection was carried out in accordance with current law (Law 544/2001), where birth, mortality and natural growth rates were determined and calculated using SPSS software, Pearson coefficients. The development of a landscape monitoring platform involving local authorities, academia, and business is an absolute necessity. It is absolutely necessary to develop a platform for monitoring the countryside, involving local authorities, the academic world and the business world. In this way, authorities can identify the localities where investments are needed to develop these areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to analyze the actual trends in animal production in Romania. The statistical data were provided by the National Institute of Statistics for the period 2014-2020, and in order to highlight the evolution trends, the following statistical indicators were calculated: arithmetic mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and annual growth rate. The species with the most livestock in 2020, in Romania is represented by poultry (71,183,431 heads), of which adult laying birds (36,648,478 heads); cattle (1,875,169 heads), of which cows, buffaloes and heifers (1,230,717 heads,) and sheep (10,281,473 animals). Regarding animal production, we have the following statistical data: the live weight of cattle for slaughter was 172,586 tons, by approx. 6% lower than in 2014, pigs live weight decreased by 7%, reaching 498,098 tons in 2020. Finally, the live weight of sheep and goats increased by 12% during the period under review, reaching 120,571 tonnes in 2020. The largest increase of 36% was noticed in poultry live weight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fair trade is a growing topic among researchers, which has grown in recent decades. This paper aims to identify the importance of fair trade as a topic of scientific research. To achieve this goal, a bibliometric analysis was performed, consisting of a quantitative analysis of statistical data through which the research results are disseminated and public performances are presented. Through this analysis it is possible to perform multiple analyzes including the identification of scientific publications in a particular field and citations of authors or articles. With the help of the VosView program, there has been a strong link between fair trade and food security, consumption, standards, quality, certification, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic indicators are key elements that indicate the current situation and economic performance of farms. The purpose of the study is to determine the main economic indicators and to analyze them comparatively, to determine the economic efficiency of dairy farms, depending on their area. The obtained results indicate that the farms in the plain area have the largest size and production, but the farms in the hill area have the highest profitability threshold. Farms in the mountain area are the least profitable, the position of the farm and the high costs confirm the difficulties of economic development of many farms in the mountains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Certification of agri-food products is a mechanism for consumer protection, providing confidence and product compliance. Certified products, depending on the type of certification and the shape of the relief, have unique characteristics such as safety and quality. In Romania, there are 1,201 certified products of the mountain product type, Vâlcea County holding a share of 15.9% of the total products at national level. There are 641 products of traditional product type, concentrating in Transylvania, Muntenia and Maramureş, Braşov county holding the share of 27% of the total products of this type certified nationally. There are 141 products of the established recipe type, and the products certified as Certified Wines are 130 products, concentrated in the sub-Carpathian area, due to the wine-growing areas owned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

South Muntenia is an extremely important region from an agricultural point of view, so the European funds granted through the two National Rural Development Programs have contributed to the development of the component counties of the region. The purpose of the paper is to highlight the specificity of the measures accessed from county to county, influenced by certain factors, but also to identify the necessary measures that need to be implemented in the next National Strategic Plan. In the elaboration of the paper were used the qualitative analysis comparing the results of the two National Rural Development Programs, but also the quantitative analysis by processing the obtained data. As a conclusion, there are differences among the counties of the South Muntenia region of Romania regarding the use of the funds allotted within NRDP 2014-2020, but the counties with the most accessed funds are Teleorman, Dambovita and Prahova. Calarasi and Teleorman counties, having a predominant agricultural profile, concentrated investments for purchasing modern machinery and equipment in the agricultural holdings. Also, Calarasi and Ialomita counties have attracted important funds for investing in the development, modernization or adaptation of agricultural and forestry infrastructure, such as investments in irrigation infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]