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Here are the supplemental materials for "Magnetofossils and benthic foraminifera record changes in food supply and deoxygenation of the coastal marine seafloor during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum" by authors Wagner, Stassen, Thomas, Lippert, and Lascu. These materials include supplemental Word and Excel files.

In the New Jersey Coastal Plain, a silty to clayey sedimentary unit (the Marlboro Formation) represents deposition during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM). This interval is remarkably different from the glauconitic sands and silts of the underlying Paleocene Vincentown and overlying Eocene Manasquan Formation. We integrate new and published stable isotope, biostratigraphic, lithostratigraphic and ecostratigraphic records, constructing a detailed time frame for the PETM along a depth gradient at core sites Clayton, Wilson Lake, Ancora and Bass River (updip to downdip). The onset of the PETM, marked by the base of the carbon isotope excursion (CIE), is within the gradual transition from glauconitic silty sands to silty clay, and represented fully at the updip sites (Wilson Lake and Clayton). The CIE “core” interval is expanded at the updip sites, but truncated. The CIE “core” is complete at the Bass River and Ancora sites, where the early part of the recovery is present (most complete at Ancora). The extent to which the PETM is expressed in the sediments is highly variable between sites, with a significant unconformity at the base of the overlying lower Eocene sediments. Our regional correlation framework provides an improved age model, allowing better understanding of the progression of environmental changes during the PETM. High-resolution benthic foraminiferal data document the change from a sediment-starved shelf setting to a tropical, river-dominated mud-belt system during the PETM, probably due to intensification of the hydrologic cycle. The excellent preservation of foraminifera during the PETM and the lack of severe benthic extinction suggest there was no extreme ocean acidification in shelf settings. ispartof: Paleoceanography vol:27 issue:4 pages:1-17 status: published

Chemostratigraphic and biostratigraphic studies of Paleocene-Eocene boundary sequences in the New Jersey Coastal Plain reveal that the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) corresponds to a basin-wide, thick clay unit. Benthic foraminifera have been studied at low resolution, but we present the first high-resolution benthic foraminiferal data and paleoecologic interpretations of the more landward Wilson Lake and more seaward Bass River drill sites. Graphic correlation allows refinement of the site-to-site correlation, providing insight in the succession and timing of environmental changes associated with the onset of the PETM. Uppermost Paleocene glauconitic sandy strata were deposited at very low sedimentation rates (Bass River ~ 1 cm/kyr and Wilson Lake ~ 0.1 cm/kyr). Deposition occurred in stable, well-oxygenated deep middle neritic (Wilson Lake,) to outer neritic environments (Bass River). No changes in benthic assemblages are associated with the start of the Apectodinium acme or the proposed pre-PETM sea surface temperature rise. The onset of the PETM, as characterized by the base of the carbon isotope excursion (CIE), is at the transition from glauconitic sands to silty clay, coinciding with a major benthic foraminiferal change towards a more outer neritic assemblage consisting of opportunistic taxa. The onset of the PETM is represented in a transitional fauna present in the updip Wilson Lake site (sedimentation rate ~ 16.9 cm/kyr), whereas the more downdip section (Bass River) contains a relatively condensed interval (sedimentation rate ~ 2.8 cm/kyr). In the record from the expanded Wilson Lake sequence, the start of a major sea level rise coincided with the onset of the CIE and preceded the establishment of the dysoxic eutrophic conditions in the earliest PETM as indicated by the low-diversity, opportunist dominated benthic foraminiferal assemblages. This low-diverse assemblage probably reflects the establishment of persistent stratification and subsequent dysoxic sea floor conditions. Increasing benthic diversity indicates a steady environmental recovery later in the PETM, during which seasonal dysoxic eutrophic conditions still created periodic stress for the benthic biota. Site-to-site correlation indicates an increase in sedimentation rates for this interval (Wilson Lake ~ ≥21.4 cm/kyr and Bass River ~ ≥10.0 cm/kyr), in association with high influxes of low-salinity tolerant dinoflagellates. Overall, benthic communities indicate no environmental changes prior to the PETM and the rapid development of a stratified water column during the PETM, leading to permanent dysoxic bottom water conditions, followed by a gradual decline in stratification and only seasonal dysoxia. ispartof: Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences vol:105 issue:1 pages:169-178 ispartof: location:Salzburg status: published

Despite the large number of studies on the Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum (PETM), the knowledge of environmental and biotic responses in shallow marine environments remains quite poor. Benthic foraminiferal assemblages of the Sidi Nasseur and Wadi Mezaz sections in Tunisia were studied quantitatively and the paleoecologic interpretations provide new insights into the complex relationship between PETM global warming and perturbations of shallow marine settings. These sections expose upper Paleocene to lower Eocene shales and marls of the El Haria Formation up to the phosphate layers of the Chouabine Formation underlying the El Garia limestones. The Sidi Nasseur section contains a more complete and expanded Paleocene–Eocene boundary interval compared to Wadi Mezaz, although being truncated at the top. The Wadi Mezaz section contains a more complete post-PETM interval. The studied interval can be subdivided into a sequence of 4 biofacies, representing respectively a latest Paleocene biofacies, two PETM biofacies and one post-PETM Eocene biofacies. The latest Paleocene biofacies 1 consists of numerous calcareous benthic foraminifera (e.g. Anomalinoides midwayensis, Frondicularia aff. phosphatica and various Bulimina and Lenticulina species), abundant noncalcareous taxa (Haplophragmoides) and rare planktic foraminifera, indicating a slightly hypersaline eutrophic inner neritic to coastal environment, regularly interrupted by oxygen deficiency (moderate dysoxia). During the latest Paleocene, this highly productive environment shallowed as indicated by the increasing abundances of A. midwayensis. The variable dominance of non-calcareous agglutinated taxa in biofacies 1 indicates post-mortem dissolution effects. The TOC δ13Corg record reveals a sharp negative excursion, marking the base of the Eocene. In general, the absence of lithologic changes, an increasing sedimentation rate and absence of reworking indicate that the initial part of the PETM is complete and expanded in the Sidi Nasseur section. A sharp faunal turnover coincides with this negative δ13Corg excursion and is characterized by the disappearance or diminution of common Paleocene taxa in this area. During the PETM, benthic foraminifera are less abundant and consist of opportunistic non-calcareous taxa together with deeper dwelling (middle neritic) lagenids and buliminids (biofacies 2 and 3). Planktic foraminifera, dominated by flat-spired Acarinina (mainly A. multicamerata), become more abundant, as observed in many open marine sequences worldwide. All these faunal parameters suggest more stressed probably severe dysoxic sea floor conditions within a transgressive phase during the onset of the PETM. An estimation of the total duration of the Sidi Nasseur PETM interval is difficult to establish, yet the lack of recovery carbon isotope values suggests that the preserved PETM interval reflects only a part of the CIE “core”. The top of the PETM interval is truncated due to local (?) erosion during the early Eocene. The Eocene recovery fauna is mainly composed of Lenticulina and Stainforthia species (biofacies 4), indicating restricted coastal to hyposaline lagoonal eutrophic conditions, distinctly different from earlier environmental conditions. ispartof: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology vol:317 pages:66-92 status: published

The Paleogene greenhouse world comprises variable paleoclimate conditions providing an indispensable deep-time perspective for the possible effects of human-induced climate change. In this paper, paleotemperature data of the early Eocene climatic optimum (EECO) from the mid-latitude marginal marine Belgian Basin are discussed. They are derived from fish otolith δ18O compositions of four non-migratory species belonging to the families Congridae and Ophidiidae. Otoliths from several levels and localities within the middle to late Ypresian were selected. After manual polishing, bulk and incremental microsamples were drilled and analyzed by a mass spectrometer. A cross-plot of bulk otolith δ18O vs. δ13C results shows a discrepancy between both families used. Ophidiid data probably represent true bottom water temperatures of the Belgian Basin. The mean annual temperature (MAT) of the EECO is calculated at 27.5 °C, which is in line with other proxy results. However, variations in MAT up to 6 °C occur, suggesting a pronounced expression of climate variability in mid-latitude marginal basins. Incremental analyses revealed a ~9.5 °C mean annual range of temperatures, similar to modern seasonality. These results show that marginal marine environments such as the Belgian Basin are well suited to infer high-resolution paleoclimate variability. Open access journal ispartof: Geologica Belgica vol:14 issue:3 pages:143-157 status: published

Open access journal ispartof: pages:135-137 ispartof: Climatic and Biotic Events of the Paleogene, Extended abstracts from an international conference vol:18 pages:135-137 ispartof: CBEP 2009 location:Wellington, New Zealand date:12 Jan - 15 Jan 2009 status: published

This paper provides a synthesis of the long- and short-term response of various marine ecosystems (deep oceans, pelagic, pelitic shelves and carbonate platforms) to the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) and its broader paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic context. Despite the severity and sudden onset of global warming the PETM is not marked by a mass extinction event. The only major extinction is among bathyal to abyssal calcareous benthic foraminifera, including some calcareous agglutinated taxa. Coexisting non-calcareous deep water agglutinated foraminifera, ostracodes and trace fossils show prominent changes in composition, population structure and biodiversity, but there is no clear evidence of global extinctions. Except for the deep-sea calcareous benthic foraminiferal record, the PETM is best classified as a migration and origination event and was instrumental in kick-starting various short- and long-term evolutionary innovations in marine microfossil lineages. In pelagic and shallow shelf ecosystems, migration and origination during and after the PETM appears to precede extinction in the aftermath of the PETM. The response of most marine invertebrates (mollusks, echinoderms, brachiopods) to paleoclimatic and associated environmental changes (e.g., acidification, deoxygenation) during the PETM is virtually unknown as continuous high-resolution data of these groups spanning the PETM are unexplored and possibly not or hardly preserved. Yet information on these groups is required in order to improve assessments of the value of biotic records to deep-time global warming in the context of current climate change. In contrast, the relatively well-established response of Tethyan reef systems to late Paleocene-early Eocene global warming may provide a potential analog to a - possibly bleak - future of present-day coral reefs. ispartof: Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences vol:105 issue:1 pages:6-16 ispartof: location:Salzburg status: published