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246 results on '"SPINACI, MARCELLA"'

18. The Ramazzini Institute 13-week pilot study glyphosate-based herbicides administered at human-equivalent dose to Sprague Dawley rats: effects on development and endocrine system

Author

Manservisi, Fabiana, Lesseur, Corina, Panzacchi, Simona, Mandrioli, Daniele, Falcioni, Laura, Bua, Luciano, Manservigi, Marco, Spinaci, Marcella, Galeati, Giovanna, Mantovani, Alberto, Lorenzetti, Stefano, Miglio, Rossella, Andrade, Anderson Martino, Kristensen, David Møbjerg, Perry, Melissa J., Swan, Shanna H., Chen, Jia, and Belpoggi, Fiorella

Published
2019
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23. The Ramazzini Institute 13-week study on glyphosate-based herbicides at human-equivalent dose in Sprague Dawley rats: study design and first in-life endpoints evaluation

Author

Panzacchi, Simona, Mandrioli, Daniele, Manservisi, Fabiana, Bua, Luciano, Falcioni, Laura, Spinaci, Marcella, Galeati, Giovanna, Dinelli, Giovanni, Miglio, Rossella, Mantovani, Alberto, Lorenzetti, Stefano, Hu, Jianzhong, Chen, Jia, Perry, Melissa J., Landrigan, Philip J., and Belpoggi, Fiorella

Published
2018
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28. Improvement of in vitro fertilization by a tannin rich vegetal extract addition to frozen thawed boar sperm

Author

Galeati, Giovanna, Bucci, Diego, Nerozzi, Chiara, Gadani, Beatrice, Tamanini, Carlo, Mislei, Beatrice, Spinaci, Marcella, Galeati, Giovanna, Bucci, Diego, Nerozzi, Chiara, Gadani, Beatrice, Tamanini, Carlo, Mislei, Beatrice, and Spinaci, Marcella

Subjects
pig, endocrine system, General Veterinary, BOAR, Chemistry, urogenital system, Artificial insemination, medicine.medical_treatment, frozen semen, Semen, Sperm, Andrology, Human fertilization, Capacitation, fertilization, medicine, Original Article, Animal Science and Zoology, Acrosome, Sperm motility, polyphenols
Abstract

Boar spermatozoa are very susceptible to cryopreservation injuries and, for this reason, pig remains one of the few species in which fresh semen is still preferred to thawed one for routine artificial insemination (AI). The present work evaluated the effect of supplementing boar sperm thawing medium with Silvafeed SP (SSP), a mixture of Chestnut and Quebracho wood extracts (60/40 w/w) rich in polyphenols (92.4% tannin content) on in vitro fertilization (IVF) and on the following sperm parameters: sperm motility (assessed by CASA), viability, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial function and lipid peroxidation (assessed by flow cytometry) and capacitation status (immunolocalization of tyrosine phosphorylated proteins). Thawed spermatozoa were incubated 1 h at 37°C in BTS without (CTR) or with (5, 10, 20 µg/mL) SSP. After incubation sperm suspension was divided in three aliquots: one was used for IVF trials, one for sperm analysis, and the last one was capacitated for 1 h at 39°C 5% CO2 in IVF medium. Sperm motility parameters, viability, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial functionality, lipid peroxidation and tyrosine phosphorylated protein immunolocalization, used as capacitation parameter, were not influenced by SSP. However, oocytes inseminated with thawed spermatozoa pretreated with all the different SSP concentrations presented a significant (P < 0.01) increase in penetration rate compared to CTR. In addition, 5 µg/mL SSP exerted a positive effect (P

Published
2020

32. Effects of cryopreservation on the mitochondrial bioenergetics of bovine sperm.

Author

Algieri, Cristina, Blanco‐Prieto, Olga, Llavanera, Marc, Yeste, Marc, Spinaci, Marcella, Mari, Gaetano, Bucci, Diego, and Nesci, Salvatore

Subjects
BIOENERGETICS, CELL respiration, SPERMATOZOA, CELL analysis, FROZEN semen, BOS, FIBRONECTINS
Abstract

This study evaluated the bioenergetic map of mitochondria metabolism in cryopreserved bovine sperm. The detected oligomycin‐sensitive basal respiration supported ATP production; frozen–thawed spermatozoa were found to have a coupling efficiency higher than 0.80. Cell respiration, however, was not stimulated by the protonophoric action of FCCP, as its titration with 1, 2, 4 and 6 μM did not stimulate the uncoupling activity on oxidative phosphorylation as highlighted by unresponsive oxygen consumption. The unusual effect on the stimulation of maximal respiration was not related to fibronectin‐ or PDL‐coated plates used for cellular metabolism analysis. Conversely, irradiation of frozen–thawed bovine sperm with the red light improved mitochondrial parameters. In effect, the maximal respiration of red‐light‐stimulated sperm in PDL‐coated plates was higher than the non‐irradiated. In spite of this, red‐light irradiation had no impact on membrane integrity and mitochondrial activity evaluated by epifluorescence microscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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34. Effects of glyphosate and Roundup upon mammalian gametes

Author

Spinaci, Marcella, Nerozzi, Chiara <1992>, Spinaci, Marcella, and Nerozzi, Chiara <1992>

Abstract

The wide use of glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) has become a controversial issue due to the potential harmful effects on human health. Commercial formulations, among which Roundup is the most famous one, contain a number of adjuvants inside; most of these are patented and not publicly known, therefore, they can act differently from glyphosate alone and might strengthen its toxic effect. Our study is focused on GBHs reproductive toxicity with a special regard to glyphosate and Roundup impact on male and female mammalian gametes after exposure to concentrations ranging from the one recommended for agricultural use (0.1% Roundup, containing 360 µg/mL glyphosate) to 70-fold lower or more. Sperm quality analysis, either on boar and stallion, showed that Roundup has much more detrimental impact than glyphosate at equivalent concentrations on spermatozoa function and survival. Basing on our results, the toxic effect of these pesticides on spermatozoa may be linked to an impairment in mitochondrial activity and a subsequent decrease in ATP production and/or alterations in the redox balance, which impact cell motility and plasma membrane stability. Moreover, a different species sensitivity to GBHs may exists as high doses of glyphosate affected sperm quality only in boar and not in stallion; furthermore, Roundup had deleterious effects at lower doses in the first compared to the latter. With regard to female gametes, we found that glyphosate and Roundup exposure during IVM detrimentally affect the subsequent developmental ability of swine embryos, providing further evidence of their potential toxic effect on female reproductive system. In addition, Roundup altered steroidogenesis and increased oocyte ROS levels. Therefore, according to our results, we can conclude that GBHs exert a negative impact on both male and female gametes and that Roundup adjuvants enhance glyphosate toxic effects and/or are biologically active in their side-effect.

Published
2021

39. The Ramazzini Institute 13-week pilot study glyphosate-based herbicides administered at human-equivalent dose to Sprague Dawley rats:effects on development and endocrine system

Author

Manservisi, Fabiana, Lesseur, Corina, Panzacchi, Simona, Mandrioli, Daniele, Falcioni, Laura, Bua, Luciano, Manservigi, Marco, Spinaci, Marcella, Galeati, Giovanna, Mantovani, Alberto, Lorenzetti, Stefano, Miglio, Rossella, Andrade, Anderson Martino, Kristensen, David Mobjerg, Perry, Melissa J., Swan, Shanna H., Chen, Jia, Belpoggi, Fiorella, Manservisi, Fabiana, Lesseur, Corina, Panzacchi, Simona, Mandrioli, Daniele, Falcioni, Laura, Bua, Luciano, Manservigi, Marco, Spinaci, Marcella, Galeati, Giovanna, Mantovani, Alberto, Lorenzetti, Stefano, Miglio, Rossella, Andrade, Anderson Martino, Kristensen, David Mobjerg, Perry, Melissa J., Swan, Shanna H., Chen, Jia, and Belpoggi, Fiorella

Abstract

Background Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are broad-spectrum herbicides that act on the shikimate pathway in bacteria, fungi, and plants. The possible effects of GBHs on human health are the subject of an intense public debate for both its potential carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects, including potential effects on the endocrine system The present pilot study examine whether exposure to GBHs at the dose of glyphosate considered to be “safe” (the US Acceptable Daily Intake - ADI - of 1.75 mg/kg bw/day), starting from in utero life, affect the development and endocrine system across different life stages in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Methods Glyphosate alone and Roundup Bioflow, a commercial brand of GBHs, were administered in drinking water at 1.75 mg/kg bw/day to F0 dams starting from the gestational day (GD) 6 (in utero) up to postnatal day (PND) 120. After weaning, offspring were randomly distributed in two cohorts: 8 M + 8F/group animals belonging to the 6-week cohort were sacrificed after puberty at PND 73 ± 2; 10 M + 10F/group animals belonging to the 13-week cohort were sacrificed at adulthood at PND 125 ± 2. Effects of glyphosate or Roundup exposure were assessed on developmental landmarks and sexual characteristics of pups. Results In pups, anogenital distance (AGD) at PND 4 was statistically significantly increased both in Roundup-treated males and females and in glyphosate-treated males. Age at first estrous (FE) was significantly delayed in the Roundup-exposed group and serum testosterone concentration significantly increased in Roundup-treated female offspring from the 13-week cohort compared to control animals. A statistically significant increase in plasma TSH concentration was observed in glyphosate-treated males compared with control animals as well as a statistically significant decrease in DHT and increase in BDNF in Roundup-treated males. Hormonal status imbalances were more pronounced in Roundup-treated rat

Published
2019

42. Melatonin affects the motility and adhesiveness of in vitro capacitated boar spermatozoa via a mechanism that does not depend on intracellular ROS levels

Author

Rocco, Martina, primary, Betarelli, Rafael, additional, Placci, Anna, additional, Fernández‐Novell, Josep M., additional, Spinaci, Marcella, additional, Casao, Adriana, additional, Muiño‐Blanco, Teresa, additional, Cebrián‐Pérez, José A., additional, Peña, Alejandro, additional, Rigau, Teresa, additional, Bonet, Sergi, additional, Castillo‐Martín, Miriam, additional, Yeste, Marc, additional, and Rodríguez‐Gil, Joan E., additional

Published
2018
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43. Porcine circovirus type 2 detection in in vitro produced porcine blastocysts after virus sperm exposure

Author

GALEATI, GIOVANNA, ZANNONI, AUGUSTA, SPINACI, MARCELLA, BUCCI, DIEGO, OSTANELLO, FABIO, PANARESE, SERENA, TAMANINI, CARLO, SARLI, GIUSEPPE, Galeati, Giovanna, Zannoni, Augusta, Spinaci, Marcella, Bucci, Diego, Ostanello, Fabio, Panarese, Serena, Tamanini, Carlo, and Sarli, Giuseppe

Subjects
Circovirus, Male, Pig, urogenital system, Swine, animal diseases, Parthenogenesis, virus diseases, Virus Attachment, Fertilization in Vitro, Spermatozoa, IVM-IVF, PCV2, In Vitro Oocyte Maturation Techniques, Blastocyst, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all), Semen, embryonic structures, Animals, Female, reproductive and urinary physiology
Abstract

This study was aimed at assessing the capability of semen experimentally infected with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) to produce porcine blastocysts PCR positive for PCV2. Embryos were obtained from in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) of porcine oocytes or by parthenogenesis. Sperm suspension was exposed to PCV2b and utilized for IVF. PCV2 spiked semen did not reveal any reduction in sperm viability or motility but its ability to produce infected blastocysts was irrelevant as only one out of 15 blastocysts obtained by IVF were PCV2b; however two blastocysts were PCV2a positive. Furthermore, the presence of PCV2 was demonstrated also in embryos obtained by parthenogenesis (one out of 17 was PCV2b and one PCV2a positive). Even if PCV2 firmly attaches to the surface of spermatozoa, experimentally spiked sperm were not effective in infecting oocytes during IVF and in producing PCR positive embryos. The infected blastocysts we obtained derived most probably from infected oocytes recovered at the abattoir.

Published
2014

44. Effect of Alkaline phosphatase on stallion sperm function

Author

BUCCI, DIEGO, GIARETTA, ELISA, MERLO, BARBARA, SPINACI, MARCELLA, GADANI, BEATRICE, RIZZATO, GIOVANNI, IACONO, ELEONORA, MISLEI, BEATRICE, MARI, GAETANO, TAMANINI, CARLO, GALEATI, GIOVANNA, Bucci, D, Giaretta, E, Merlo, B, Spinaci, M, Gadani, B, Rizzato, G, Iacono, E, Mislei, B, Mari, G, Tamanini, C, and Galeati, G

Subjects
stallion, oocyte binding, Alkaline phosphatase, sperm, Alkaline phosphatase , stallion , sperm, oocyte binding
Published
2015

49. Enhancing insemination performance in pigs through controlled release of encapsulated spermatozoa

Author

Faustini M, Vigo D, Torre M., SPINACI, MARCELLA, GALEATI, GIOVANNA, Faustini M, Vigo D, Spinaci M, Galeati G, and Torre M.

Subjects
Male, endocrine system, ENCAPSULATED SPERMATOZOA, urogenital system, Alginates, Pregnancy, Semen, Swine, BOAR, Animals, Female, Insemination, Artificial, Specimen Handling
Abstract

Encapsulation of boar semen is a novel technique that allows insemination to be performed as a single intervention without the need to dilute the semen. The research reviewed in this paper shows that spermatozoa encapsulated in alginate are able to achieve the same fertility as two or three inseminations per oestrus using standard techniques and unencapsulated cells. The use of encapsulated spermatozoa is currently limited by the need for longer semen processing time and wastage of disposable material (catheters, plastic bottles, etc.). In this review, the advantages, the drawbacks and the future possibilities for artificial insemination with encapsulated spermatozoa in the sow are discussed, with the aim of applying this promising new methodology for the optimization of sow reproductive performance.

Published
2012

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