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5 results on '"SOM balance"'

1. Reduction in soil CO2 efflux through alteration of hydrothermal factor in milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.)-rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) intercropping system.

Author

Quan Zhou, Anna Gunina, Jiao Chen, Yi Xing, Ying Xiong, Zhiming Guo, and Longchang Wang

Subjects
ASTRAGALUS (Plants), HYDROTHERMAL alteration, RAPESEED, INTERCROPPING, CATCH crops
Abstract

Introduction: Intercropping has a potential to reduce the CO2 emission from farmlands. Limited information is available on the underlying reasons. Methods: This study investigated the effect of milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.) (MV), rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) monoculture (RS) and intercropping (Intercrop) on soil CO2 emissions, moisture and temperature in a bucket experiment during 210 days from October 2015 to May 2016 on Chongqing, China. Results: The results showed that soil CO2 efflux of MV, RS and Intercrop was 1.44, 1.55 and 2.08 mmol·m-2·s-1 during seedling and stem elongation stages and 3.08, 1.59 and 1.95 mmol·m-2·s-1 during flowering and podding stages. At seeding and stem elongation stages Intercrop had 1.4 times higher soil CO2 efflux than the mean of MV and RS. In contrast, MVhad 1.6 times higher soil CO2 efflux than Intercrop thereafter, which shows it was inhibited if milk vetch presents as Intercrop only. Decreased sensitivity of soil respiration to temperature in 1.4 times and lower soil moisture by Intercrop were found compared to MV. Intercrop decreased soil moisture, especially at the seedling and stem elongation stages, compared to the monoculture. The fluctuation on soil respiration in RS and Intercrop was slight with changes in soil moisture. Conclusion: Thus, milk vetch-rapeseed system has a potential to decrease CO2 emission from farmland, however soil moisture should be regulated properly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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2. Reduction in soil CO2 efflux through alteration of hydrothermal factor in milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.)-rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) intercropping system

Author

Quan Zhou, Anna Gunina, Jiao Chen, Yi Xing, Ying Xiong, Zhiming Guo, and Longchang Wang

Subjects
legume-brassica intercrops, greenhouse gas emission, soil temperature, soil moisture, SOM balance, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract

IntroductionIntercropping has a potential to reduce the CO2 emission from farmlands. Limited information is available on the underlying reasons.MethodsThis study investigated the effect of milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.) (MV), rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) monoculture (RS) and intercropping (Intercrop) on soil CO2 emissions, moisture and temperature in a bucket experiment during 210 days from October 2015 to May 2016 on Chongqing, China.ResultsThe results showed that soil CO2 efflux of MV, RS and Intercrop was 1.44, 1.55 and 2.08 μmol·m-2·s-1 during seedling and stem elongation stages and 3.08, 1.59 and 1.95 μmol·m-2·s-1 during flowering and podding stages. At seeding and stem elongation stages Intercrop had 1.4 times higher soil CO2 efflux than the mean of MV and RS. In contrast, MVhad 1.6 times higher soil CO2 efflux than Intercrop thereafter, which shows it was inhibited if milk vetch presents as Intercrop only. Decreased sensitivity of soil respiration to temperature in 1.4 times and lower soil moisture by Intercrop were found compared to MV. Intercrop decreased soil moisture, especially at the seedling and stem elongation stages, compared to the monoculture. The fluctuation on soil respiration in RS and Intercrop was slight with changes in soil moisture.ConclusionThus, milk vetch-rapeseed system has a potential to decrease CO2 emission from farmland, however soil moisture should be regulated properly.

Published
2023
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3. Reduction in soil CO 2 efflux through alteration of hydrothermal factor in milk vetch ( Astragalus sinicus L.)-rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.) intercropping system.

Author

Zhou Q, Gunina A, Chen J, Xing Y, Xiong Y, Guo Z, and Wang L

Abstract

Introduction: Intercropping has a potential to reduce the CO 2 emission from farmlands. Limited information is available on the underlying reasons., Methods: This study investigated the effect of milk vetch ( Astragalus sinicus L.) (MV), rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.) monoculture (RS) and intercropping (Intercrop) on soil CO 2 emissions, moisture and temperature in a bucket experiment during 210 days from October 2015 to May 2016 on Chongqing, China., Results: The results showed that soil CO 2 efflux of MV, RS and Intercrop was 1.44, 1.55 and 2.08 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 during seedling and stem elongation stages and 3.08, 1.59 and 1.95 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 during flowering and podding stages. At seeding and stem elongation stages Intercrop had 1.4 times higher soil CO 2 efflux than the mean of MV and RS. In contrast, MVhad 1.6 times higher soil CO 2 efflux than Intercrop thereafter, which shows it was inhibited if milk vetch presents as Intercrop only. Decreased sensitivity of soil respiration to temperature in 1.4 times and lower soil moisture by Intercrop were found compared to MV. Intercrop decreased soil moisture, especially at the seedling and stem elongation stages, compared to the monoculture. The fluctuation on soil respiration in RS and Intercrop was slight with changes in soil moisture., Conclusion: Thus, milk vetch-rapeseed system has a potential to decrease CO 2 emission from farmland, however soil moisture should be regulated properly., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Zhou, Gunina, Chen, Xing, Xiong, Guo and Wang.)

Published
2023
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4. Decomposition, N contribution and soil organic matter balances of crop residues and vermicompost in maize-based cropping systems in southwest Mexico

Author

Flores Sanchez, D., Pastor, A., Rossing, W.A.H., Kropff, M.J., Lantinga, E.A., Flores Sanchez, D., Pastor, A., Rossing, W.A.H., Kropff, M.J., and Lantinga, E.A.

Abstract

Soil fertility depletion is one of the main concerns of the farmers in the Costa Chica, Mexico. The current crop management exacerbates nutrient cycling unbalances and threatens the sustainability of the common maize production systems. It is necessary to supply the soil with organic sources. Field experiments were established in farmers’ fields to estimate the decomposition rate and N release of organic materials: aboveground and belowground plant residues, and vermicompost. Decomposition was monitored using the litterbag method, and decomposition patterns were fitted by means of a dynamic mono-component mineralization model. To calculate the effects of crop residues retention and vermicompost on OM balance, five scenarios were evaluated with farm DESIGN model. The decomposition rate was greater during the first 4 months. After that period the remaining dry matter proportion of aboveground residues varied between 45 and 67%. In case of root residues, the dry weight loss ranged between 20 and 47% after the first month. For both types of residues, N released within the first month was 37%, on average. At the end of the sampling period 9 months, the remaining dry matter proportion of aboveground and belowground residues ranged from 30 to 55%, whereas more than 80% of their total N was released. After 6.5 months only 35% of the vermicompost mass was decomposed, but about 65% of its N was mineralized. Besides, around 70% of the vermicompost N was released during the first 30 days. In fields with vermicompost maize was responsible for 70% of total N uptake, on average. The N balance was 93% higher than maize fields without vermicompost. In scenario with 30% of crop residue retention along with vermicompost, OM balance was 86% higher than under current management. Vermicompost can be regarded as an attractive amendment for both crop N supply and soil organic matter build-up.

Published
2016

5. Decomposition, N contribution and soil organic matter balances of crop residues and vermicompost in maize-based cropping systems in Southwest mexico

Author

Martin J. Kropff, D. Flores-Sanchez, Egbert A. Lantinga, Amandine Pastor, Walter A.H. Rossing, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Pastor, Amandine

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, [SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Nutrient cycle, Crop residue, vermicompost, Crop residues, mineralization model, Soil Science, Plant Science, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, SOM balance, Decomposition rate, Concernpersoneel WU, Dry weight, Dry matter, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 2. Zero hunger, [SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Mineralization model, Soil organic matter, Farm Systems Ecology Group, decomposition rate, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Mineralization (soil science), 15. Life on land, PE&RC, 6. Clean water, Agronomy, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, engineering, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, N release, Soil fertility, Agronomy and Crop Science, Vermicompost, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Soil fertility depletion is one of the main concerns of the farmers in the Costa Chica, Mexico. The current crop management exacerbates nutrient cycling unbalances and threatens the sustainability of the common maize production systems. It is necessary to supply the soil with organic sources. Field experiments were established in farmers’ fields to estimate the decomposition rate and N release of organic materials: aboveground and belowground plant residues, and vermicompost. Decomposition was monitored using the litterbag method, and decomposition patterns were fitted by means of a dynamic mono-component mineralization model. To calculate the effects of crop residues retention and vermicompost on OM balance, five scenarios were evaluated with farm DESIGN model. The decomposition rate was greater during the first 4 months. After that period the remaining dry matter proportion of aboveground residues varied between 45 and 67%. In case of root residues, the dry weight loss ranged between 20 and 47% after the first month. For both types of residues, N released within the first month was 37%, on average. At the end of the sampling period 9 months, the remaining dry matter proportion of aboveground and belowground residues ranged from 30 to 55%, whereas more than 80% of their total N was released. After 6.5 months only 35% of the vermicompost mass was decomposed, but about 65% of its N was mineralized. Besides, around 70% of the vermicompost N was released during the first 30 days. In fields with vermicompost maize was responsible for 70% of total N uptake, on average. The N balance was 93% higher than maize fields without vermicompost. In scenario with 30% of crop residue retention along with vermicompost, OM balance was 86% higher than under current management. Vermicompost can be regarded as an attractive amendment for both crop N supply and soil organic matter build-up.

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