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Stereotyping, gender discrimination, and oppression are still exists in this society. Lesbians, gay, bisexuals and transgender people are a stigmatized group that goes through several trouble while growing up in a heterosexual society mainly regarding the identification of their real identity. In this context, this study investigated the self-perception (Self-esteem & Self-concept) and Social identity among Mainstream heterosexual male and female (N=70) and LGBT (N= 40) adults. This study aims to analyze the Self-esteem, Self-concept and Social identity among heterosexual and LGBT adults. Self-esteem, self-concept and social identity were measured by using three different scales. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, The Personal Self-concept Questionnaire (PSQ) and the Multi Group Ethnic Identity Measures (MEIM) were administered to serve the purpose of the study. The result reveals a significant mean difference among mainstream heterosexual and LGBT adults in self-esteem, self-fulfillment, autonomy and honesty. Self-esteem is found to be low in LGBT adults in comparison to heterosexual adults. In relation to self-perception, identity affirmation also differs significantly among mainstream and LGBT adults and is also found to be low in LGBT adults. These factors may have an influence on the identification of their sexual-identity and also influence their attitude toward homosexuality. Specially in this changing time there is not much that we know about the LGBT individuals, there is a need of more research done on this community. No matter what the sexual identity of the individual it needs to be respected and accepted for more inclusive society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media (SM) platforms are frequently used by pre‐teen (8–12‐year old) consumers for curating their self‐identity, developing social relationships and for learning. This paper identifies the building blocks that drive pre‐teen SM engagement. We use the Gioia method to analyse interview data collected from 32 pre‐teens and parents, in France. Findings show that the primary building blocks are FoMO (Fear of Missing Out) and social inclusive experience, being noticed online, multiplicity, excessive use (without guidelines) and self‐regulation. Identity constructs (self‐identity and social‐identity) are used to explain SM engagement – and to empirically define core conceptual building blocks (aggregate dimensions) that drive SM engagement. We contribute to consumer theory by developing a holistic research framework to examine pre‐teen SM engagement. Self‐identity and social‐identity theories help explain the factors that drive pre‐teen SM engagement and explain push/pull influences of parents and schools in encouraging or discouraging certain behaviour. We build on current research into SM usage, drawing from the fragmented existing literature, to reveal causes of both excessive screen‐time and SM usage among pre‐teen consumers, which may indicate antecedents of future adult behaviour. Practical and regulatory policy issues are considered and addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the rhetorical strategies underlying the discursive construction of the German controller social-identity in the mid-1970s. Previous research has shown how management accounting professionals struggle with different role models for the management accountant. This study complements this work by using the case of the German controller to investigate how broader ideas about the management accounting professional are discursively constructed. Based on qualitative interviews with contemporary witnesses as well as an in-depth analysis of articles published in the first practitioner controlling journal, we illustrate how metaphors enabled an interpretive viability and a process of professional inclusion. This, we argue, linked the emerging social-identity of the controller to both the macro-level discourse as well as to the situated experiences of individuals at the organizational level. In this way, we show how the social-identities of management accounting professionals can be constructed without traditional elements of codification regimes. Specifically, we uncover how metaphorical representations of a professional mission can foster the creation of an imagined community among a set of heterogeneous individuals, ideas, and concepts, which helps establish a sense of belonging, and ultimately, institutionalized legitimacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mainstream interpretation segments globalization as: (a) a self-regulating-market neoliberal reincarnation; (b) an innovative regime of information communication technology; or (c) a reorganization of production on a world scale. This segmented view, however, is predicated on the state and the police in the background. In contrast to the mainstream view, which fits globalization in a state-centric prism of the police, we argue that what is referred to as globalization is policing. Policing is founded on household structures that are in turn instituted in the global commodity chains. Accordingly, it is the most crucial element integrating social-identity, social control, and social relations in the modern world-system. Hence, the unfolding prominence of globalization is actually the increasing saliency of policing. It reflects the terminal crisis of the capitalist world-economy, putting pressure on the household structures and the secular trend of accumulation. It is in view of this that policing, under the guise of globalization, is the re-intensification of social control, isolation of social-identities, and reification of social-relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A growing body of literature identifies food insecurity (FI) as a critical social determinant of mental health. Across settings, quantitative studies report positive correlations between FI and mental distress, especially among women. Less understood are the pathways by which FI undermines women's mental well-being. To address this gap, we conducted six focus group discussions with 45 Nicaraguan mothers. Thematic analysis identified three themes linking the management of FI and maternal mental well-being in this setting. The theme, la lucha, underscored how the chronicity of FI served as a constant mental strain by demanding mothers strategize on a daily basis to resolve it. The themes "tranquility is a child with a full belly" and "the despairing and frustrated mother" emphasized how FI challenged women's abilities to fulfill the responsibilities of motherhood and served as a reminder of social status. Our findings advance earlier quantitative work by identifying how the management of food insecurity undermines maternal mental well-being in a low-middle income setting and indicate that policies aimed at combating food insecurity can concomitantly improve maternal mental well-being if they bolster women's agency and work to reduce the stigma associated with being food insecure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Though centuries old, Islamophobia has increased in intensity as it is extensively documented by surveys and reports published by various governmental and non-governmental organizations. This dislike towards Islam and Muslims is, due, amongst other factors, to an increasing number of Muslim citizens and asylum seekers in the West bent upon preserving their own identity giving rise to the perception of "us" versus "them." Such negative evaluations by the in-group may be due to the conflicting values, beliefs and the actual or perceived threat posed by Muslims. This is also attributed to the negative messages transmitted by the national media and the powerful elite. The strategy for countering Islamophobia must concentrate on "unlearning intolerance" by focusing on removing negative perceptions through education, reforming the media and reshaping the foreign policy of Western powers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although ingroup favoritism is a robust effect, there are notable exceptions. For example, the outgroup extremity effect indicates outgroup derogation, whereas the black-sheep effect indicates ingroup derogation. We propose that perceived entitativity, the degree to which a group is viewed as a unified social entity, may help explain ingroup derogation. Negative ingroup members from high perceived entitativity groups may pose a meaningful threat to the perceiver's social identity that can be alleviated by denigrating the target (i.e., the black-sheep effect). Participants evaluated high or low quality essays attributed to ingroup and outgroup members. Participants did not differentiate based on ingroup/outgroup membership for low perceived entitativity groups. However, when rating high perceived entitativity groups, ingroup extremity emerged. These results confirm and provide explanations for ingroup denigration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social science research can play a valuable role in enabling people to understand how their personal predicaments relate to the broader structures and historical circumstances in which they arise. This was argued by Wright Mills (1970, originally 1959) with his concept of the sociological imagination, a notion of considerable relevance to the identity issues which arise in relation to organizational involvement. Using a rare combination of ethnographic, autobiographical and interview research material, a close examination is made of two managers' identity work and the part played in this by their involvement in one specific organization in particular structural and historical circumstances. In the course of carrying out this study the concept of 'identity work' has been developed and refined. This incorporates a clear analytical distinction between internal personal 'self-identities' and external discursive 'social-identities' with social- identities being seen as a link or bridge between socially available discourses and self-identities. 'Managerial identities' take their place among the multiplicity of social-identities to which any particular manager may relate in both their 'inward facing' and their 'outward facing' identity work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Two experiments examine the strategic re-negotiation of social identities as a method of alleviating threats to self-evaluation. Participants were given a partner who shared one, and had one non-shared identity. After completing a self-relevant or non-self-relevant task, participants received either no feedback or learned that they had performed poorly compared to the partner. Participants showed identity distancing in response to being outperformed on a self-relevant task, but affiliation in response to being outperformed on a non-self-relevant task. This effect was reversed when participants were given the opportunity to self-affirm after the feedback. Overall, the results provide evidence that individuals are quite adept at altering their self-categorizations and that self-evaluation serves an important role in identity selection. Results are discussed in relation to the substitutability of self-esteem maintenance mechanisms and self-definition. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Three experiments (N = 1083) explored whether masculinity threats (vs. assurances) led to emotions that have been linked to well-being, social connection, and the expression of aggression, including (a) increases in feelings of shame and guilt (Experiment 1) and (b) decreases in perspective-taking and empathy (Experiment 2). In addition, we explored whether masculinity assurances (vs. threats) had a positive effect on men's feelings of pride. To determine whether the affective responses to masculinity threats were unique to gender identity, we replicated the findings in comparison to a second social identity threat (Experiment 3). Consistent with predictions, and replicating prior work, men but not women expressed more public discomfort and anger following a gender threat (vs. assurance), as well as more shame and guilt when their masculinity was threatened than when their masculinity was assured (Experiment 2). Importantly, these affective responses were unique to men experiencing gender threats (Experiment 3). Interestingly, consistent with empathy avoidance predictions, when threatened, men reported lower dispositional levels of other focused empathy (Experiment 2), but these effects were not specific to gender threats (Experiment 3). Findings revealed empathy reductions, but not diminished reports of perspective taking, in threat conditions. No consistent evidence of effects of gender feedback on men's pride (authentic or hubristic) emerged. The implications of findings are discussed. • Gender threats (vs. assurances) led to emotionality in men (but not women). • Masculinity threats led to more public discomfort, anger, guilt, and shame and these effects are specific to gender threats, as opposed to being broader social identity threats. • Men reported less empathy after a social identity threat (versus assurance), both when gender was threatened and generational status was threatened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Health infomediary systems are emerging as important knowledge sharing platforms that help patients manage their own health outside of traditional health care delivery models. Patients participate in health infomediaries to learn from other patients' experiences and knowledge. Knowledge sharing is an important aspect of the success of a health infomediary. Factors related to self-concept have been widely studied in the domains of psychiatry and psychology, in settings such as mental health and behavioural well-being, but remain unexplored in the digital health context. In particular, it is not known how self-concept influences knowledge sharing behaviours in health infomediaries. This study posits that self-efficacy, social identity, and self-stigma drive knowledge sharing in an infomediary through emotional empowerment and appearance-contingent self-esteem. We use the health belief model as a foundation to propose a two-stage model and testable hypotheses. We used secondary archival data of 222 patients participating in a health infomediary specialising in reconstructive surgery. Analyses using structural equation modelling and econometric methods support the hypotheses. Findings broadly suggest that there are distinct paths through emotional empowerment and appearance-contingent self-esteem that can motivate users to contribute knowledge in health infomediaries. We explain the managerial insights and contributions of our study., Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.