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Observers can rapidly extract the mean emotion from a set of faces with remarkable precision, known as ensemble coding. Previous studies have demonstrated that matched physical backgrounds improve the precision of ongoing ensemble tasks. However, it remains unknown whether this facilitation effect still occurs when matched social information is perceived from the backgrounds. In two experiments, participants decided whether the test face in the retrieving phase appeared more disgusted or neutral than the mean emotion of the face set in the encoding phase. Both phases were paired with task-irrelevant animated backgrounds, which included either the forward movement trajectory carrying the "cooperatively chasing" information, or the backward movement trajectory conveying no such chasing information. The backgrounds in the encoding and retrieving phases were either mismatched (i.e., forward and backward replays of the same trajectory), or matched (i.e., two identical forward movement trajectories in Experiment 1, or two different forward movement trajectories in Experiment 2). Participants in both experiments showed higher ensemble precisions and better discrimination sensitivities when backgrounds matched. The findings suggest that consistent social information perceived from memory-related context exerts a context-matching facilitation effect on ensemble coding and, more importantly, this effect is independent of consistent physical information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper outlines the development of a Hardware Development Kit (HDK) for a remote training platform on FPGA Devices designed to provide university students pursuing degrees in electronic and informatics engineering (at the bachelor's, master's, and PhD levels) with the tools they need to learn and develop systems related to artificial intelligence, digital signal processing, image processing, digital systems, integrated and embedded systems using an FPGA chip. Through the internet or a local network, students can engage with the platform to conduct engineering experiments. The HDK is equipped with a Raspberry Pi, a screen, a camera, and LEDs to facilitate the transfer of experiment results and to aid in assessing the validity of lab experiment execution. The Raspberry Pi plays a crucial role in the HDK, providing control and monitoring, remote access, data processing, user interface, and integration with other possible systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to explore the evolutionary pattern of discussion topics over time in an online depression self-help community. Design/methodology/approach: Using the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) method, the authors analyzed 17,534 posts and 138,567 comments posted over 8 years on an online depression self-help group in China and identified the major discussion topics. Based on significant changes in the frequency of posts over time, the authors identified five stages of development. Through a comparative analysis of discussion topics in the five stages, the authors identified the changes in the extent and range of topics over time. The authors discuss the influence of socio-cultural factors on depressed individuals' health information behavior. Findings: The results illustrate an evolutionary pattern of topics in users' discussion in the online depression self-help group, including five distinct stages with a sequence of topic changes. The discussion topics of the group included self-reflection, daily record, peer diagnosis, companionship support and instrumental support. While some prominent topics were discussed frequently in each stage, some topics were short-lived. Originality/value: While most prior research has ignored topic changes over time, the study takes an evolutionary perspective of online discussion topics among depressed individuals. The authors provide a nuanced account of the progression of topics through five distinct stages, showing that the community experienced a sequence of changes as it developed. Identifying this evolutionary pattern extends the scope of research on depression therapy in China and offers a deeper understanding of the support that individuals with depression seek, receive and provide online. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Palm oil prices on the international market have skyrocketed since the increased global demand for vegetable fats. However, the social-economic conflict between companies and smallholders has been an urgent issue in sustainable palm oil plantations. This paper proposes sustainable oil palm plantation strategies based on this problem. This research conducted a social analysis of community-scale oil palm plantation sustainability through in-depth interviews with 50 conflict land owners, palm oil smallholders, government officials, and former employees of a larger palm oil company in South Sumatra. The results of the interviews become the primary data to conduct strategic management system analysis using SWOT-QSPM analysis. SWOT-QSPM combination analyses are used to explore the internal and external problems of smallholder oil palm plantations and offer the best alternatives for smallholder oil palm plantations, where it is utilized to identify crucial internal and external factors influencing palm oil conflicts in Indonesia. The QSPM analysis with a score above 0.50 that is implementable to determining the relative significance of the SWOT analysis strategy shows that SO-ST and WO-WT strategies are suitable to be implemented to achieve sustainable palm oil smallholders plantation in Indonesia. This study concludes that there need alternative strategies for addressing sustainable palm oil plantations challenges in Indonesia, namely: 1) Palm oil companies should be sharing knowledge, training, and assisting palm oil smallholders to be included in their supply chain; 2) Recruiting local people to minimize inequality; and 3) The government to expand the land reform programs, with other alternative strategies eliminated for efficiency due to their significance scores falling below the threshold of 0.5. In conclusion, palm oil companies should prioritize supporting smallholders through knowledge sharing and training, while urging the government to expand Indonesia's land reform program, as these strategies hold significant potential for fostering sustainable development, reducing inequality, and enhancing welfare within the industry and local communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the global landscape of AI regulation and governance, acknowledging AI's transformative potential alongside growing concerns about its societal impacts. Topics include the emergence of national strategies and international recommendations for AI regulation, the development of policy frameworks promoting innovation while ensuring trustworthiness, and the evolution of comprehensive legal frameworks such as the EU's Artificial Intelligence Act.

Patent intellectual property in social informatics with entrepreneurship support creates greater opportunities to improve human life. It has the potential to open enormous innovation opportunities in various fields, such as technology, health, services, and society. This research was conducted to review the patent landscape and the main trends of patents on social informatics in all countries. Researchers applied a patent landscape analysis using data on 487 patent documents over 16 years from the Lens.org database. The study results show yearly patented development patterns related to social informatics. There is a royalty-free opportunity by using 15 patent discontinued. Patent related to social informatics was dominated by company ownership and inventors from the United States. The patent physics (G) section overwhelmed patents related to social informatics. There were 334 simple family patents on social informatics in nine jurisdictions; the United States was the highest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Družboslovne Razprave is the property of Druzboslovne Razprave and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Due to the rapid growth of online data, it is evident that social informatics faces a significant obstacle. The task of effectively utilizing this abundance of information for business intelligence purposes and extracting valuable insights from it across diverse and heterogeneous platforms presents a daunting challenge. Coordinating AI with business knowledge stands apart as an essential worry in the ongoing scene. Customarily, exceptions were many times excused as boisterous information, bringing about the deficiency of relevant data. This paper highlights the need to rethink how outliers are handled and shed light on the primary research challenges in this mining subfield. It presents a thorough scientific categorization of different Business Knowledge strategies and diagrams their ongoing application areas. Also, the paper talks about future exploration bearings and proposals to overcome any barrier concerning oddities in information examination, consequently empowering more successful business methodologies. This work plans to improve the usage of tremendous web-based information hotspots for better business insight results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – This paper is an extension of a panel presentation delivered in response to a joint call for panels by the Social Informatics and Information Ethics and Policy Special Interest Groups for the 2022 Association for Information Science and Technology conference. The purpose is to introduce critical race frameworks and tenets as a lens to develop, assess and analyze the social informatics (SI) within information science (IS) research, professional discourse, praxis and pedagogical paradigms. This paper spotlights one of the presentations from that panel, an iteration of Critical Race Theory (CRT) designed specifically for information studies: CRiTical Race information Theory (CRiT). Design/methodology/approach – Just as importantly, using SI as part of the context, the paper also includes a discussion that illustrates research and theory building possibilities as both counter and complement to the technocratic advances that permeate society at every level (macro, mezzo and micro), which can also be reasonably framed as the information industrial complex. Thus, CRiT joins other forms of critical discourse and praxis grappling with deconstructing, decolonizing, demarginalizing and demystifying the influence and impact of information technologies. While CRiT has global intentions and implications, this specific discussion has an extensive American focus. Findings – If we consider the rapid pace in which techno-determinism is moving toward the vise grip of techno-fatalism controlled by frameworks generated from the information industrial complex, we can reasonably consider that humanity on a global basis is living within a meta-large technocratic crisis moment. This crisis moment is both acute and chronic. That is, the technocratic crisis is continuously moving quickly while simultaneously worsening over an extended period of time with no remedies and few responses to substantively address the crisis. Research limitations/implications – Part of the nature of information and data is measurability. Thus, identifying compatible nomenclature connecting the descriptiveness of intersectionality (a seminal CRT tool) as a qualitative research method to the measurability of data connected to quantitative research, a mixed method approach moves from possible to plausible. Additionally, within IS, there are often opportunities to measure human engagement, such as social media content, search engine use, assessing practices of categorizations, and multiple forms of surveillance data as a short list. Hence, the descriptiveness of intersectional qualitative research “mixed” with the measurability of quantitative research within information settings implies exponential methodological possibilities. Practical implications – CRiT is multilayered, on the one hand, with the intention of being a discipline-specific, information-specific form of CRT. On the other hand, CRiT theory building is interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary based on information as omnipresent phenomena. An ongoing challenge for CRiT theory building is identifying and working within a balance between, practitioners who typically throw anything and everything at practical problems, while scholars often slice problems into such small segments that practical understanding is severely limited. Embracing and integrating the dynamic interplay between developing ideas and using them is the key to evolving CRiT within the social sciences. Social implications – There is plenty of room as well as a need for additional narrative discussing or challenging the use or appropriation of information from a technocratic approach, a counter to the information industrial complex. Originality/value – CRiT is emerging and cutting edge in discussion that addresses the technocratic determinism found in most scholarly discourses.

Much of the focus of recent discussion about the nature and social impact of computing has been on algorithmic processes that purport to imitate humans by their "artificial intelligence." This has been to the neglect of semantic processes managed by computers, and these are particularly powerful because their scope and effects are so different from human intelligence. The semantic processes that we examine in this article radically extend the limitations of natural language, long-term memory, and the range of sensitivity of the human sensorium. To make its case, the article takes as its reference point some semantic primitives, expressed in traditional grammar as nouns, adjectives, verbs, and prepositions. Parsing these semantic datum points in computer-mediated meaning, we find emerging a new alliance of the social and the mechanical, a human-machine symbiosis that we call "cyber-social meaning." This has the potential to change our human meaning capacities as much as literacy did at the time of its emergence, whether for better or for worse. The result is a frame of meaning that subsumes and in some respects supersedes natural language, that grounds representation in the material, and that for practical purposes turns semantics into an ontological question. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research explores the vital role of ontology in learning forecasting in electrical engineering and informatics. As formally defined models of knowledge, ontologies are critical in organizing concepts for predictive learning. More than just an inquiry, our research reveals complex interconnections centered on Internet of Things (IoT) design, the semantic web, and knowledge modeling. Applications demonstrate the practical significance of ontologies in fostering intelligent connections, advancing information production, and improving interactions between computers, devices, and humans. This research introduces a comprehensive forecasting learning ontology to highlight the importance of ontologies in education, scientific inquiry, and developing systems for predictive analysis. Ontologies provide a structured framework for understanding the essence of predictive learning, encompassing key elements such as ideas, terminology, methodology, algorithms, data preprocessing, assessment, validation, data sources, application environments, interactions with technology, and learning processes. Emphasizing ontologies as indispensable instruments that drive technological development, our work underscores structured representation, semantic interoperability, and knowledge integration. In summary, this research improves the understanding of ontologies in forecasting by explaining practical applications and revealing new perspectives. Its unique contribution lies in its specific applications and natural consequences, laying the foundation for the future progress of ontology and learning forecasting, especially in educational contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The United States of America is in the midst of an opioid crisis. However, little has been written within the domain of LIS (Library and Information Science) about the health information needs and behaviors of people who inject drugs. The purpose of this project is to conduct a scoping review of the current knowledge disseminated by LIS scholars and professionals regarding what information people who inject drugs have access to, need, how they interact with information and what dissemination methods may be most beneficial. Design/methodology/approach: A scoping review of the literature was conducted with the additional inclusion criteria that the information needs be expressed from the insider perspective of this population instead of from the researcher. Findings: In searching over a dozen databases, only seven articles were found that reflected the information behaviors of people who use drugs from the perspective of themselves. Only one article was from information science, two were from health informatics and one was from health communication, a closely linked field. These findings describe the information behaviors and needs of this population and speak to the need for more comprehensive research in this area in order to create targeted health information resources for this sensitive population. Originality/value: There is little research in the domain of information science that has been conducted into the health information-seeking behaviors of people who inject drugs. Most of the work in this area is from the perspective of the researcher, not the person who injects drugs. This exploration into the literature on the information behavior of people that inject drugs from the perspective of themselves is unique. Key messages: There is very little research that has been conducted into the health information-seeking behaviors of people who inject drugs. Most of the work in this area is from the perspective of the researcher, not the person who injects drugs. Only four such articles were found in the domain of LIS and seven, in total, between all academic domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study investigates the potential of Swarm Intelligence (SI) in driving breakthroughs in Precision Agriculture (PA). It focuses on the research of mining techniques to uncover novel insights and developments in the field of PA. Social informatics (SI) is an academic discipline that focuses on the examination of collective behaviour within both herbal and synthetic structures. In order to gather, analyse, and synthesise information, SI utilises self-sufficient mobile devices known as Autonomous Mobile Agents (AMAs). These entities refer to robotic and computational frameworks that engage in mutual interaction, facilitating the examination of collective intelligence. This essay examines the potential impact of utilising the System of International Units (SI) on enhancing the accuracy and precision of commodity production and control in the field of production agriculture (PA). It also highlights the existing advancements that have been achieved in this regard. This analysis examines possible uses of Swarm Intelligence in the Public Administration (PA) industry, as well as the challenges that need to be solved in order to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of PA operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explored the attitudes and roles of computer science (CS) teachers in elementary and high schools in Croatia in the period from completely online to "normal" schooling. The research was conducted in two phases to gain insight into the adaption of online education in schools. The first part of the research was a quantitative study conducted during online education in 2019/2020 among 538 elementary and high school informatics teachers across Croatia. Data were collected from an online survey. The second part of the research was a qualitative study conducted in 2022, employing interviews for data collection. The interview questions were designed based on the survey results mentioned above. The results showed that CS teachers had a significant role in implementing online schools, acting as implementers of tools for online teaching and as helpdesk IT support to other teachers. Still, formal education nowadays is affected by online schooling, and some online practices are now adopted into regular teaching. Therefore, the findings can serve as a guideline for future education related to the digital competencies of teachers and students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to focus on elderly women learning literacy in Youth and Adult Education (YAE) appropriating hegemonic mathematical practices, which we call numeracy practices to highlight their discursive nature. We analyze the participation of these women in the discursive interactions that took place during a school activity proposed by the teacher and developed inside a supermarket, which involved reading the expiry dates of industrialized products. These interactions, due to their historical dimension and because they involve mathematical practices, are identified as numeracy events. The activity was recorded in audio, video and notes in a field diary and the interactions were carefully transcribed from these records. Our reflection assumes the theoretical contributions of studies on aging, literacy and numeracy, appropriation of social practices and constitution of the subject, proceeding with a social analysis of discourse. In this analysis, we discuss perspectives on the female aging processes and the production of meanings in social actions that literacy students carry out when they position themselves discursively, producing an understanding of dating system functioning and the semantic and pragmatic meaning of recording expiration dates on the labels of products for sale. Thus, we consider this appropriation as an instance of expression of these women – and of their continued constitution – as subjects of learning and knowledge, of experiences and culture, of memories and forgetfulness, of rights and expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveElectronic Health Records (EHRs) increasingly include designated fields to capture social determinants of health (SDOH). We developed measures to characterize their use, and use of other SDOH data types, to optimize SDOH data integration.Materials and methodsWe developed 3 measures that accommodate different EHR data types on an encounter or patient-year basis. We implemented these measures-documented during encounter (DDE) captures documentation occurring during the encounter; documented by discharge (DBD) includes DDE plus documentation occurring any time prior to admission; and reviewed during encounter (RDE) captures whether anyone reviewed documented data-for the newly available structured SDOH fields and 4 other comparator SDOH data types (problem list, inpatient nursing question, social history free text, and social work notes) on a hospital encounter basis (with patient-year metrics in the Supplementary Appendix). Our sample included all patients (n = 27 127) with at least one hospitalization at UCSF Health (a large, urban, tertiary medical center) over a 1-year period.ResultsWe observed substantial variation in the use of different SDOH EHR data types. Notably, social history question fields (newly added at study period start) were rarely used (DDE: 0.03% of encounters, DBD: 0.26%, RDE: 0.03%). Free-text patient social history fields had higher use (DDE: 12.1%, DBD: 49.0%, RDE: 14.4%).DiscussionOur measures of real-world SDOH data use can guide current efforts to capture and leverage these data. For our institution, measures revealed substantial variation across data types, suggesting the need to engage in efforts such as EHR-user education and targeted workflow integration.ConclusionMeasures revealed opportunities to optimize SDOH data documentation and review.

A review of the research trends in library and information science (LIS) is important as it provides insight into the research practices of scholars in the field. This study investigated the research trends in master's and doctoral research outputs relating to LIS produced in Nigeria and South Africa between 2009 and 2015 to identify the most researched subject areas and the most neglected subject areas in LIS research in the two countries. A total of 400 master's and doctoral research outputs produced in Nigeria and South Africa were analysed by means of a qualitative content analysis, and 15 research areas were created by means of modified subject categorisation adopted from the extant literature. The findings were that the most researched subject area in both countries was human information behavior in respect of both master's and doctoral research outputs. The least researched areas in LIS research outputs in Nigeria were archives and records management, LIS history and developments, bibliometrics, scientometrics and informatics, knowledge and information resource management. In South Africa, bibliometrics, scientometrics and informatics were the least researched areas in respect of doctoral research outputs, and LIS education and pedagogy were the least researched areas in master's research outputs. The positivist research paradigm was more prevalent. The implication of the findings is that LIS schools in Nigeria and South Africa need to focus more on research areas that deal with current trends and challenges confronting the profession. In today's world of work, most services are driven by information technology and research should be directed towards addressing the implementation of recent trends in the profession. Since the sample framework used for Nigeria was low, it may not be appropriate to generalise this finding to other institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backed artefacts are multifunctional tools used by many Australian Aboriginal groups. Most were retouched in order to shape them rather than to create or modify a working edge, which suggests that they may have been made to certain shapes or sizes according to local traditions. This possibility is feasible as backed artefacts were not used for any unique functions. Hiscock (2014) found that variation in backed artefact shape (symmetry) across Australia was underlain by social arrangements and was potentially historically situated. But McDonald et al. (2018) found that backed artefacts from the Western Desert did not conform to the continental trend. We suggest that an important factor missing from these studies is a consideration of the potential for variation at different spatial scales. To investigate this possibility, we conducted morphometric and use-wear analyses on backed artefacts from four environmentally and socially different Aboriginal groups in New South Wales. The backed artefacts were not used for any distinct tasks and none in our study was hafted, but some variations exist in the morphometrics at the intra-regional scale. We infer that backed artefact production included group-specific traditions that potentially embody social information relating to local land-using or descent groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social informatics is an interdisciplinary area that examines how information and communication technologies (ICT), and the complex web of social and cultural contexts interact and change over time. This study not only helps with the design and use of ICT but also shows how these technologies significantly affect society and culture. It encourages new ideas, collaborations between different fields, and policymaking insights, which drives technological innovation and a better knowledge of how ICT affects society. The Conceive, Design, Implement, operate (CDIO) educational system stands out as a new and innovative teaching method. It emphasizes active learning and gives engineering students both technical and social skills. Its use in social informatics ushers in a new era of education that combines innovation and technology to help students become strong and independent. Future study on CDIO programs in social informatics education has the potential to augment the technical proficiency and social consciousness of graduates, thereby rendering them significant contributors to the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It's obvious that E-Learning will be a major factor in how educational materials are delivered in the future. E-Learning has changed education, enabling both students and workers to study at their own pace in a setting that works for them. Nowadays, the major changes affecting communities and the huge use of elearning have a number of effects on the comprehension of English language learning (ELL) and teaching methods. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of E-Learning on English Language Learners at Sulaimnai Polytechnic University (SPU) in Northern Iraq. It also aims to assess previous research in this area. The university's Technical College of Informatics drew a sample of its student body from the first-year students to conduct the research. The participants were 50 first-year students and 7 ELT teachers from the International English Language Center (IELC) at The University's Technical College of Informatics. The participants were asked to answer a questionnaire. The study's results show that E-Learning has effects on the students' understanding and methods of teaching, and this makes the language learning process easier and the teaching methods harder. Thus, it is suggested that there is a need to change the strategies and the methods of teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Anatolian Journal of Social Sciences / Uluslararasi Anadolu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Uluslararasi Anadolu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With the rapid development of social information and economic globalization, English has become widely prevalent worldwide. As a "global language," English significantly influences language teaching policies and practices globally, particularly in China, where a national College English Test Band-4 has been established. Since its inception, the College English Test Band-4 has evolved into one of the most crucial assessments for evaluating college students’ foreign language proficiency. Recently, a growing number of local university students in China are grappling with the challenge of failing to pass this exam. Therefore, this study examines the influencing factors on the passing rate of the College English Test Band-4, based on surveys conducted among undergraduate students in 2020 and 2021 at Hulunbuir College. The paper employs cross-analysis and regression tests to analyze the factors affecting the passing rate of CET-4 among local undergraduate college students, drawing relevant conclusions. Additionally, the study proposes suggestions for English learning strategies tailored to the needs of local undergraduate college students. Factors such as gender, English scores in the college entrance examination, and daily English learning methods are identified as having a significant impact on the passing rate of CET-4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Qualitative analytical methods are important in many academic fields, including informatics. Although qualitative content analysis (QCA) is used for text, a coding method for a solo researcher has rarely been discussed. This work suggests a systematic QCA process for single coding based on the inductive-dominant approach. We developed a single coding method with a practical example based on an 11-step process: (1) decide research questions and purposes, (2) collect texts for analysis, (3) determine the unit of analysis, (4) engage in partial inductive coding of the target texts, (5) analyze frequent words found in the text, (6) use these frequent words and inductive coding to create a temporary coding schema, (7) collaborate with multiple experts or researchers to verify the temporary coding schema, (8) code the entire text based on the coding schema, (9) after a certain period, re-code the text based on the coding schema to calculate the intra-rater reliability, (10) confirm the final version of the coding schema, and (11) develop categories through code abstraction. Our process is suitable for a single researcher and for analyzing various text types qualitatively from a specific and consistent perspective. This study provides an exploratory foundation for examining the single coding process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a seminal article (Plessner & Haar, 2006) a social cognition approach was proposed as framework to study how people judge their own or others' performance in competitive sport contexts. An important goal of this work was to better understand the processes that underlie potential biases in judgments of sports performance and, thus, receive some hints on how to prevent them. Numerous studies have since been published in which judgments of sports performance have been subjected to scientific analysis. The present paper provides an updated overview on related research from the past 15 years. Again, it follows central building blocks of social information processing (i.e., information input, rules of information integration, situational influences, and characteristics/states of the judging person). Additionally, we organize this overview according to whether the research addresses judgments typically performed by athletes, officials, managers/coaches, or observers. On the one hand, it becomes clear that not all possible combinations of judging persons and information processes are addressed to the same extent in research, which opens up a number of future research tasks. On the other hand, it is suggested that future research in this area should not only be developed broadly, but also that the goal of further theoretical development should not be lost sight of. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last few years, blockchain technology and NFTs have been the subject of much research in different sectors ranging from informatics, to medicine, to economics. Although it is most often associated with cryptocurrencies, due to its features of immutability and durability, this technology has found its place in various fields, including GLAM institutions. This article will review the literature from 2017 to 2022 dealing with blockchain and NFTs in the heritage sector. Topics covered, proposed models, and projects will be highlighted. Archives are currently leading the research into the use of blockchain technology and have already developed models such as TrustChain. However, libraries, museums, and galleries are also beginning to show an interest in the new technology and its potential benefits. Therefore, we also approached the GLAM sector as a whole, to emphasize the importance of the joint development on the advancement of shared approaches and protocols in utilizing blockchain technology to enhance the trustworthy management and preservation of digital resources. This is particularly important because GLAM institutions care for a shared heritage and serve a common audience. In the second part of the article we will discuss the proposed uses of the technology and highlight still unexplored topics that should be elaborated in further research. The aim of this paper is to make a synthesis of previous research and bring the potential of blockchain technology and NFTs closer to experts in the heritage field, given that they are still quite unknown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of GWP: Gesellschaft Wirtschaft Politik is the property of Verlag Barbara Budrich GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study discusses the social phenomenon of the living Qur'an, namely khataman al-Qur'an at Al-Makkiyah Modern Islamic Boarding School, Rantau Api Village, Tengah Ilir District, Tebo Regency, Jambi Province. The letters that are read in the procession of completing the Qur'an are from the letter al-Dhuha to the letter al-Nas. This study examines the tradition of khataman Al-Qur'an at Pondok Modern Al-Makkiyah by using a qualitative approach, namely observing people in the environment, interacting with them, trying to understand their language and interpretation of the world around them and documentation. The results of this study indicate that this activity started from the completion of the Qur'an which was held by the command of the leader of the Al-Makkiyah Islamic Boarding School Ustadz Muhammda Rovicky at that time with the aim of also getting used to the memorization of the students so that they could memorize short letters. from surah al-Dhuha to al-Nas at that time so that it became a tradition of Islamic boarding schools. The process of Khataman al-Qur'an at the Al-Makkiyah Islamic Boarding School is a routine activity that is carried out every day after the Asr prayer until before the Maghrib prayer for the time, namely, 17:30 wib to 18:30 in the process it takes approximately one hour. Khataman al- Qur'an which was held at Al-Makkiyah Islamic Boarding School started from Surah Ad- Dhuha to Surah An-Nas. The spiritual effects of completing the Qur'an on students are: Feeling closer to Allah SWT, being patient in carrying out obedience to Allah, putting worship before the interests of the world (Zuhud) and feeling sufficient (Qana'ah) for what Allah has given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The persistent issue of health disparities, characterized by unequal healthcare access and varied health outcomes among different population groups, remains a significant global concern. In response, the convergence of big data analytics and health informatics has emerged as a promising avenue for comprehending and mitigating these disparities. This research study explores the multifaceted landscape of harnessing extensive healthcare data sources, encompassing electronic health records (EHRs), wearable devices, and the determinants of social health, to unveil fresh insights and innovative strategies. The research delves into the ethical considerations related to data privacy and security, emphasizing the necessity for robust ethical frameworks in the era of big data. Moreover, it underscores the crucial role of interdisciplinary cooperation, uniting experts from diverse domains such as data science, healthcare, social sciences, and policymaking to fully exploit the potential of this transformative approach. The findings highlight the capacity of big data to provide an all-encompassing perspective on health disparities, facilitating precise predictions and customized interventions. The paper also introduces original concepts, including dynamic risk profiling, culturally sensitive models, and fortified data security through blockchain, inviting further research and practical implementations. In conclusion, the amalgamation of big data and health informatics holds the potential to reshape healthcare delivery and promote health equity. It represents a collective endeavor transcending disciplinary boundaries, with the goal of not just comprehending but actively dismantling health disparities in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to verify the following hypothesis: People with extreme opinions post on social media more than those with moderate opinions. Design/methodology/approach: A social media posting model was constructed to estimate the influence of extreme opinions on the number of social media posts in Japan, Korea and the USA. For a quantitative verification, data from 5,095 questionnaire surveys were regressed using a Tobit model. Findings: Extreme opinions were found to increase the number of social media posts in all three countries and for both surveyed topics (constitutional amendment in Japan and increasing number of foreigners in Japan, Korea and the USA). Furthermore, the higher the interest in the topic, the greater the effect. The hypothesis was thus supported. Research limitations/implications: The survey was conducted online, and the sample size in Korea and the USA was smaller than in Japan. The topics were limited to two, and only three countries were included. Social implications: People should use social media knowing that there are numerous extreme views online. Companies that provide social media platforms should consider measures to ensure that users are not exclusively exposed to extreme opinions. Originality/value: This research conducts a quantitative analysis on the effects of opinion extremity on social media posting behavior and the resulting bias in online opinion distribution, a topic on which there is scant prior research. Peer review: The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-07-2020-0310. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In teaching text management, in accordance with the frame curricula in Informatics, traditionally low-mathability approaches are preferred and applied in both classrooms and course books. In these approaches, the focus is on the software interfaces, consequently, students (later end-users) rather concentrate on the tools, without paying attention to the requirements of the properly edited and formatted text. There is no space for real world problem solving, so students are not even able to check the correctness of the documents without continuous supervising arriving from teachers. The primary problem is that these text-management approaches are extremely time consuming and error-prone, considering both the creation and the modification of the documents. In the present paper, we would like to call attention to the undesired consequences of the widely accepted low-mathability teaching approaches in the form of low-quality text-based documents and the overconfidence of untrained students and end-users in self-evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, democratic principles revolve around transparency, accountability and greater involvement of the citizens in government programmes and activities for sustainable development. This can only be achieved if the people have access to government information and this is why agitations for freedom of information continue to heighten. Open government data (OGD) play major roles in democratization of information and a propeller of transparency and open governance. This paper adopted descriptive informatics and literature review approach to examine the websites of major government ministries and agencies in Nigeria including Nigeria Data Portal to determine the availability and status of open government data. Findings reveal that while some websites have presence of OGD, over 60% are yet to provide such data in the website. Also the data portal has several government data but they are hardly updated. The paper also identified several challenges of OGD in Nigeria and proposed recommendations to mitigate the challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the production of contested social representations of a Philippine religious ritual in online spaces using a mixed methods approach to semantic network analysis. Comments from the online media coverage of the 2019 Traslación were mined from the Facebook pages of the eight most popular Philippine media outlets. A semantic network consisting of collocation of frequently used words was generated using R and Gephi. Network analysis produced three word clusters highlighting bifurcations linguistically, in the use of Filipino or English, and substantively, in contested representations. Analysis of these themes reveals the centrality of discourses reifying the ritual as authentic expressions of faith. A minority of discourses reflect criticisms of the Traslación as idolatry. This reflects the dichotomy of discourses in the Traslación literature. The research demonstrates the relevance of social computing in the analysis of meanings of cultural phenomena across large populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The specialization of different urban sectors, theories, and technologies and their confluence in city development have led to a greatly accelerated growth in urban informatics, the transdisciplinary field for understanding and developing the city through new information technologies. While this young and highly promising field has attracted multiple reviews of its advances and outlook for its future, it would be instructive to probe further into the research initiatives of this rapidly evolving field, to provide reference to the development of not only urban informatics, but moreover the future of cities as a whole. This article thus presents a collection of research initiatives for urban informatics, based on the reviews of the state of the art in this field. The initiatives cover three levels, namely the future of urban science; core enabling technologies including geospatial artificial intelligence, high-definition mapping, quantum computing, artificial intelligence and the internet of things (AIoT), digital twins, explainable artificial intelligence, distributed machine learning, privacy-preserving deep learning, and applications in urban design and planning, transport, location-based services, and the metaverse, together with a discussion of algorithmic and data-driven approaches. The article concludes with hopes for the future development of urban informatics and focusses on the balance between our ever-increasing reliance on technology and important societal concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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A comprehensive review of 1985–2019 trends related to the (English) term social informatics was conducted for scholarly literature, research and educational institutions, conferences, journals, blogs, and presentations at the International Conference on Social Informatics. The bibliographic search yielded 275 scientific documents with the term social informatics in the title, abstract, or keywords; which were coded according to ten characteristics. The analysis showed that corresponding scientific publications peaked in 2005–2009 and then roughly stagnated. At the same time, they increasingly spread worldwide, with most authors still referring to the concept of social informatics developed by Rob Kling. Other activities related to social informatics were mostly stagnant or slightly declining after 2010–2014, except for the number of educational courses. In contrast, the widespread general use of the term social informatics grew rapidly, especially in the context of computational social science. This is most evident in the analysis of 476 papers from the proceedings of International Conference on Social Informatics (2009–2019), which revealed a very weak identification with the notion of social informatics. Considering these findings, the prospects of social informatics are discussed in a broader context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information and communication technologies are increasingly interacting with modern societies. One specific manifestation of this interaction concerns hateful and other negative comments in online environments. Various terms appear to denote this communication, from flaming, indecency and intolerance to hate speech. However, there is still a lack of an umbrella term that broadly captures this communication. Therefore, this paper introduces the concept of socially unacceptable discourse, which serves as the basis for an empirical study that evaluated online comments scraped from the Facebook pages of the three most-visited Slovenian news outlets. Machine-learning algorithms were used to narrow the focus to topics related to refugees and LGBT rights. Ten thousand comments were manually coded to identify and structure socially undesirable discourse. The results show that about half of all comments belonged to this type of discourse, with a surprisingly stable level and structure across media (i.e., right-wing versus mainstream) and topics. Most of these comments could also be considered a potential violation of hate speech legislation. In the context of these findings, the political and ideological consequences and implications of mediatised emotions are discussed.

This editorial aims to summarise the special issue entitled "Perspectives of Social Informatics" that builds on the current international view of social informatics. The special issue consists of eight scientific articles and one book review.

The surge in interest in online teaching increased not only due to the pandemic. It had been growing even before. The main objective of this study is therefore to explore how online teaching has changed. It addresses experience and opinions of educators of Czech and Slovak universities in the period from the first days of the COVID-19 lockdown (March 2020) till the peak of its second wave (May 2021). To examine the impact of disharmony, the authors investigated Czech and Slovak university educators' activities and behaviour during their online teaching. A descriptive statistics approach was applied. A total of 172 educators participated in our online survey. Our results reveal that online teaching has become a fundamental component of their education. Our outcomes demonstrate their low preparation for this unexpected event as well as their quick adaptation to the new situation. Additionally, data indicate that their difficulties reconcile their previous experience and teaching practices with online teaching. Finally, they show that about half of them are still sceptical about the future of online education and dream of return to traditional teaching. Our results also indicate that universities should facilitate their efforts in developing online education methodology and overall support to their educators.