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Stigmatization is pervasive in society. Stigma may arise from the core attributes of a social group, such as race, nationality, religion, class, sexuality, and disability, which can induce significant negative impacts on group members. While scholars have documented how stigmatized groups can organize to challenge the prejudice they face, research has been slow to account for the rise of social media—a digital disruption that characterizes a critical feature of the "new normal." Yet, the emergence of social media technology has transformed the cultural potential of relationship building within and across social groups. In this paper, we examine anti-stigma organizing in the age of social media. We theorize how social movement organizations use social media to enact three audience-focused anti-stigma framing processes. These processes structure three distinct types of social bond, and, when iterated over time, shape three corresponding types of solidarity that support the social inclusion of stigmatized groups and reduce group stigma. Through our framework, we contribute to research on stigma and social movements by conceptualizing the role of social media in anti-stigma organizing, and by building new theory about the relationship between solidarity and stigma reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present two studies examining the relationship between athlete leadership quality and team resilience and explored the mediating effect of team identification. In Study 1, 194 soccer players (Mage = 18.50, SD = 4.49) from eight national teams participated. Structural equation modeling showed cross-sectionally that the four types of athlete leadership qualities were positively related to the characteristics of resilience and negatively to vulnerability under pressure. Team identification was shown to be a mediator of these relationships. Study 2, with four different time-points, involved 208 young soccer players (Mage = 16.05, SD = 3.39) from two professional clubs (i.e., La Liga). Cross-lagged panel models revealed that task leadership quality (Times 1–2) was positively related to the characteristics of resilience (Times 3–4) and negatively to vulnerability under pressure (Times 3–4). However, team identification did not mediate these relationships. Therefore, practitioners should consider the perceptions of leader quality to achieve benefits during competition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is common in contemporary sport to liken the notion of the team to that of the family. That is, the family is used to evoke team life. Portraying the team as a family usually implies a positive evaluation. Despite its prevalence, the team as a family equation has not been analyzed in the sport philosophy literature. Thus, the purpose of this article is twofold. First, it explores whether the team is to be equated with the family. To discuss the nature of the family and the team, I draw together the work of several sport philosophers with that of Laura Wildemann Kane. Second, and considering what characterizes the team, this article investigates whether teammates have special responsibilities to one another by virtue of their relationship and the value attached to it. I propose that the team as a family equation does not align with the constitution of these two social groups and that teammates have special responsibilities to one another, but such responsibilities are different from those observed in the family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although guilt is often considered the most prevalent emotional outcome of work–family conflict (WFC), most work–family research focuses on family‐related guilt stemming from work interference with family, rather than job‐related guilt stemming from family interference with work (FIW). In addition, there is little understanding of how different employee social groups experience the implications of FIW in their daily lives. To address these research gaps, this study explores the relationship between daily FIW and job‐related guilt, and its subsequent impact on job satisfaction. It also investigates variation in these relationships by (1) gender and (2) the intersection of gender and ethnicity. Bayesian multilevel structural equation modeling using data from 5‐day diary surveys from 210 solicitors in Britain shows daily FIW is associated with higher job‐related guilt and subsequently lower job satisfaction. The relationship is stronger for women than men in general, but is also stronger for South Asian women than white British women (and men), and for South Asian men than white British men. This suggests that studies focusing on single social group characteristics (e.g., gender) are likely to obscure intersectional effects that might produce significant within‐group variation. The findings also highlight the importance of integrating workplace inequality arguments into theorization of WFC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the domain of participatory research and co-creation, understanding the dynamic interplay between group cohesion and diversity is pivotal for fostering innovation. While diversity fuels the generation of novel ideas, cohesion ensures these ideas are effectively synthesized and implemented. This study aims to explore the nuanced role that facilitators play in navigating the balance between cohesion and diversity, particularly in groups characterized by pronounced faultlines. Employing agent-based modeling, the study examines how facilitators affect the cohesion-diversity nexus. The findings reveal a complex facilitator's paradox. While facilitative actions can successfully enhance group cohesion by mitigating the negative effect of faultlines, such efforts often inadvertently reduce the within-group diversity that is crucial for sparking innovative outcomes. These findings challenge the conventional view of faultlines as merely divisive and underscore the intricate role of facilitators in modulating group dynamics. This research discusses a novel framework for dynamic facilitation strategies, emphasizing the need for facilitators to skillfully balance cohesion and diversity. This framework not only enriches the theoretical understanding of group facilitation but also offers practical insights for optimizing collaborative innovation in diverse settings. This article is part of the theme issue 'Co-creating the future: participatory cities and digital governance'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: To explore perceptions of student learning in undergraduate nursing students who repeat the fundamentals nursing course and simultaneously take a support course. Methods: This qualitative descriptive design was conducted at one private liberal arts college. The study included interviews with six undergraduate baccalaureate nursing students repeating the fundamentals course and their perceptions following the repeated course. Results: Themes of discovering the value of repeating a course, attending to academic work, and navigating new social groups emerged. These findings provide insight into the experiences and perceptions of students repeating a nursing fundamentals course. Conclusion: Implications for nurse educators, advisers, and administrators include providing resources for student support and helping students recognize the value of seeking academic support before failing a course. Understanding students' perceptions regarding repeating a nursing fundamentals course provides valuable insight into retention efforts in undergraduate nursing programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article develops a submerged aspect of James C Scott's work on 'hidden transcripts'. Whereas Scott focused predominantly on the hidden transcripts of the powerless, here we propose a research agenda based upon studying hidden transcripts of the powerful. First, we define our terms. Second, we map existing literature, observing that although plenty of research exists into the public transcripts of dominant and subordinate groups, and that Scott initiated a productive research agenda into the hidden transcripts of powerless groups, research into hidden transcripts of powerful actors is lacking. We identify an assumption within this literature that because existing social institutions are already structured in such a way as to reflect and advance the interests of dominant groups, there is no need for separate spaces to foster the consciousness, cohesivness, and mobilisation of the powerful. Third, we ask how social scientists might study the hidden transcripts of the powerful, and what methodological challenges and opportunities such a research programme might present, identifying in particular the promising avenue of studying what we have chosen to call 'transcripts hidden in plain sight'. Fourth, and finally, we question the epistemological status of these hidden transcripts, focusing on whether they can be used by social researchers as a reliable indicator of the 'true' consciousness of the social group that expresses them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Group‐living in animals comes with a number of benefits associated with predator avoidance, foraging, and reproduction. A large proportion of fish species display grouping behaviour. Fish may also be particularly vulnerable to climate‐related stressors including thermal variation, hypoxia, and acidification. As climate‐related stressors are expected to increase in magnitude and frequency, any effects on fish behaviour may be increased and affect the ability of fish species to cope with changing conditions. Here we conduct a systematic review of the effects of temperature, hypoxia, and acidification on individual sociability and group cohesion in shoaling and schooling fishes. Searches of the published and grey literature were carried out, and studies were included or excluded based on selection criteria. Data from studies were then included in a meta‐analysis to examine broad patterns of effects of climate‐related stressors in the literature. Evidence was found for a reduction in group cohesion at low oxygen levels, which was stronger in smaller groups. While several studies reported effects of temperature and acidification, there was no consistent effect of either stressor on sociability or cohesion. There was some evidence that marine fishes are more strongly negatively affected by acidification compared with freshwater species, but results are similarly inconsistent and more studies are required. Additional studies of two or more stressors in combination are also needed, although one study found reduced sociability following exposure to acidification and high temperatures. Overall, there is some evidence that hypoxia, and potentially other climate‐related environmental changes, impact sociability and group cohesion in fishes. This may reduce survival and adaptability in shoaling and schooling species and have further ecological implications for aquatic systems. However, this synthesis mainly highlights the need for more empirical studies examining the effects of climate‐related factors on social behaviour in fishes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on what diverse forms of silence (i.e., silence-phenomena) convey about affective processing and meaning-making as processes. Departing from a dialogical perspective that informs sociocultural and existential theories, we qualitatively analyze Karin and Dana's (pseudonyms) cases. These two Master's students attended a three-week-long intensive and interdisciplinary course at a Norwegian university. The course is about silence-phenomena, group dynamics, and quality of life. Our primary data consisted of journal entries (Karin, n = 21; Dana, n = 30) that the study participants wrote at different moments of the day during this course, including a morning session called "The Silent Time." We also included email follow-ups exchanged with the students after the course ended (Karin n = 1; Dana, n = 3). We use Developmentally oriented Thematic Analysis (DOTA) as a method of analysis in order to address both state and process-oriented narratives in their writings. Our research findings suggest that silence-phenomena can amplify the human experience of uncertainty by bringing contrasts that shift our attention inwards or outwards, activating diverse emotions and positionings of the self. We discuss these findings in light of the model of hypergeneralization of affect in cultural psychology and how this model can integrate phenomenological time and existential meaning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper attempts to investigate the origin of inequality in educational participation across Indian social groups in terms of inequality in the expected monetary educational returns and other demand-side factors responsible behind educational decision. We employ the binary logit model of regression for the accomplishment of the objective of this study. In addition, we decompose the discrepancy in educational participation into 'response effect' and 'attribute effect' to examine whether there is any discrimination in educational participation against the members of the disadvantaged social groups. JEL Classification: I21, I24, I26 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social memory, the ability to recognize and remember individuals within a social group, is crucial for social interactions and relationships. Deficits in social memory have been linked to several neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. The hippocampus, especially the circuit that links dorsal CA2 and ventral CA1 neurons, is considered a neural substrate for social memory formation. Recent studies have provided compelling evidence of extrahippocampal contributions to social memory. The septal nuclei, including the medial and lateral septum, make up a basal forebrain region that shares bidirectional neuronal connections with the hippocampus and has recently been identified as critical for social memory. The focus of our review is the neural circuit mechanisms that underlie social memory, with a special emphasis on the septum. We also discuss the social memory dysfunction associated with neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Myanmar is in a protracted revolutionary situation. State military authority has been greatly weakened but has not collapsed in the face of an array of armed and unarmed forces, new and established, which have fought against the junta that seized power in 2021. What forms of solidarity have contributed to the making of a revolutionary situation in Myanmar? How have they been sustained? Where and why has solidarity been hindered or broken? These questions animate the contributions to this Special Issue. To introduce them, this article explains the adoption of "revolution" as a category to describe and interpret events in Myanmar since the military coup. It does this by juxtaposing the period of transition in the 2010s, and interpretations of it, with the post-coup situation. It argues that as the transition paradigm became commonsense, it constrained understanding about happenings in Myanmar. Everything was debated in reference to an anticipated future state. Against that way of proceeding, the article advocates for description and interpretation of the revolutionary situation that turns on its radical contingency and eventfulness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Bamar majority's institutionalised dominance and the exclusion of other ethnic groups from the Bamar's notion of national identity has been a cause of conflict in Myanmar. The 2021 coup has, however, underscored the need for co-operation between Bamar and ethnic forces against the military. Drawing on Graeber's conceptualisation of revolutions as opportunities to disrupt "unequal structures of imaginative identification" and Walton's consideration of Burman privilege akin to Whiteness, this article examines shifts in inter-ethnic dynamics. How have new forms of inter-ethnic solidarity demonstrated by the Bamar majority towards other ethnic groups challenged unequal structures of privilege since the coup? Through textual analysis of statements by Bamar revolutionary leaders and semi-structured interviews with members of ten ethnic communities, the article explores ethnic reactions to changing attitudes of Bamar elites and ordinary Bamar citizens. Findings suggest that Myanmar's ongoing revolutionary situation has prompted the Bamar majority to reflect on their privilege. Yet, the quality of Bamar solidarity towards ethnic minorities varies among different Bamar socio-political groups, ranging from instrumental alliances to a shared vision for social justice. The article concludes that although inter-ethnic solidarity building remains a work in progress, some positive steps towards ethnic and class emancipation have been made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to analyze the reciprocal relationships between teamwork execution (i.e., communication, cooperation, and coordination), emergent states (i.e., group cohesion and collective efficacy), and perceived team performance among sport teams over the course of a competitive season. We also examined whether (a) emergent states mediated the relationship between teamwork execution and perceived team performance, and (b) teamwork execution mediated the relationship between emergent states and perceived team performance. We adopted a longitudinal design, taking measures of each variable near the beginning, middle, and end of teams' seasons. Participants included 657 athletes (104 teams), aged 16–43 years (M = 23.56, SD = 5.72; 71% men), and from a range of team sports and competitive levels. Structural equation models showed teamwork execution was positively and reciprocally related to collective efficacy as well as task cohesion (but not social cohesion). Teamwork execution also predicted perceived team performance over time but a reciprocal effect was not evident. Finally, task cohesion and collective efficacy mediated the longitudinal association between teamwork execution and perceived team performance; however, teamwork execution did not mediate the relationship between those emergent states and perceived team performance. These findings provide initial evidence of longitudinal relationships between teamwork execution, two emergent states, and perceived performance. It appears particularly important that coaches and practitioners focus on developing teamwork execution from the outset of their team's season as this appears to translate over time into greater task cohesion and collective efficacy and, in turn, team performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the digital literacy of vulnerable social groups (North Korean defector and marriage immigrant) and the effects of their digital literacy on social capital compared to the general public (South Korean). We used data of South Koreans, North Korean defectors, and marriage immigrants from the '2020 The Report on the Digital Divide'. We analysed the difference in digital literacy between the general population (South Korean) and the vulnerable groups (North Korean defector and marriage immigrant) after COVID-19, and how this gap affects the social capital of each group. We discussed how vulnerable group's digital literacy could become more disproportionate compared to mainstream society in a catastrophic situation, which can lead to weakened social capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As more people work outside standard employment, the foundations of work solidarity are contested. How does work solidarity arise in atypical forms of work that are characterised by flexible, autonomous and self-dependent organisation, such as in solo self-employment? Drawing on a discursive approach to work solidarity, this article emphasises how market dependence can serve as a boundary construction to create work solidarity. Empirically, this study engages in a discourse analysis on Soforthilfe, a policy measure introduced by the German government to financially assist solo self-employed people during the Covid-19 lockdown. In this discourse, market dependence serves to identify this social group's need (social boundary) and to set out the corresponding policies for financial assistance (substantive boundary). Four solidarity norms – relief, equality, preservation and quasi-equivalence – support this boundary construction. The article contributes to the current discourse on work solidarity by identifying an additional boundary construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides a comprehensive international legal analysis of the peculiarities of lobbying activities at the present stage in the context of the European and Euro-Atlantic integration of Ukraine and the further need to harmonize its legislation with the existing legal instruments of the EU and the North Atlantic Alliance. The lobbying activities are found to be characterized by common features being inherent to this phenomenon, regardless of its interpretation. In particular, lobbyism involves the subjects and objects of influence; has certain goals expressed in the protection of certain interests of certain social groups; is based on the use of various methods, technologies and forms of lobbying activities. Within the framework of legal orders that provide for legislative regulation of lobbying activities (in the US and at the EU level), both individuals and corporate structures (the so-called ‘pressure groups’) are considered lobbyists which are divided into domestic and foreign agents. The existing goals of lobbying activities mostly cover the private interests of a particular person or a group of persons but lobbyists may also represent public interests, while pursuing socially useful goals. These lobbying goals can be achieved through the use of various forms and methods of lobbying activities. In Ukraine, all three forms of lobbying activities are used, i.e. direct, indirect and internal lobbyism. However, only some aspects related to indirect lobbying should be regulated by law. Depending on the effectiveness of pressure put on the authorities, there are strong and soft lobbying methods. However, threats, blackmail and other types of pressure associated with clearly illegal actions cannot be considered lobbying methods in the legal sense of this term. Therefore, the international legal doctrine proposes various classifications of forms, methods and varieties of lobbyism introduced to identify the specific and distinctive features of lobbying depending on certain conditions of the state and social development. Therefore, a full-fledged study of lobbying activities in Ukraine is only possible when the proper scientific attention is paid to the specifics of lobbying practices implemented by professional lobbyists both in the US and in the EU Member States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the field of international entrepreneurship, there are increasing calls for the study of cognition in its social context. In this regard, this article draws on social representations theory to explore and better understand the cognition of entrepreneurs. The objective of the present study is to explore the social representation of legitimacy among different social groups and show how these collective images vary depending on the context in which entrepreneurs operate. By applying social representations theory to data gathered from a sample of 150 French entrepreneurs, we construct a framework that elucidates social development and the changes that influence entrepreneurs' decision-making. In addition, this article reveals a new avenue of study in relation to legitimacy from a collective perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to one of the defining issues of the effectiveness of combating the violation of anti-corruption legislation. The importance of active participation of citizens in various measures to counter corruption offenses and offenses related to corruption is substantiated. It is emphasized that, regardless of the legal framework and system of law enforcement agencies in Ukraine, only the response to the facts of individual corruption offenses takes place in total. The condition of systemic influence on criminogenic factors in this sphere of social relations can only be the formation of intolerance to corruption in society, the establishment of a culture of integrity and respect for the rule of law, combined with an active civil position regarding corruption manifestations. It is emphasized that anti-corruption education, including general secondary and higher levels of education and other legal education measures, should play an important role in the formation of intolerance to any manifestations of corruption. It is noted that the human and material resources of the specially authorized anti-corruption bodies are now sufficient only for periodic and episodic detection and documentation of illegal facts of corruption and corruption-related offenses. Work at the preventive level to identify corruption risks and prevent violations of anti-corruption legislation is not sufficiently effective without the active involvement of broad strata and social groups of the population in this activity. It is claimed that the role of a leader in the issues of forming intolerance to corruption in society, establishing a culture of integrity and respect for the rule of law should be performed by the state, but practically such activity is doomed to remain only a slogan without consolidation of the efforts of the entire population. A general conclusion is made that combating corruption will be effective only under the condition of symbiosis of educational, preventive and repressive activities of specially authorized anti-corruption entities and a consolidated society, in which the population (individual citizens of Ukraine) should act as both a subject and an object of joint activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) is associated with negative health outcomes and can serve as an indicator of treatment quality. Previous studies have identified social inequality in treatment but often relied on narrow understandings of social position or failed to account for mediation by differential disease risk among social groups. Understanding how social position influences PIM exposure is crucial for improving the targeting of treatment quality and addressing health disparities. This study investigates the association between social position and PIM, considering the mediation effect of long-term conditions. Methods and findings: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the 2017 Danish National Health Survey, including 177,495 individuals aged 18 or older. Data were linked to national registers on individual-level. PIM was defined from the STOPP/START criteria and social position was assessed through indicators of economic, cultural, and social capital (from Bourdieu's Capital Theory). We analyzed odds ratios (ORs) and prevalence proportion differences (PPDs) for PIM using logistic regression, negative binomial regression, and generalized structural equation modeling. The models were adjusted for age and sex and analyzed separately for indicators of under- (START) and overtreatment (STOPP). The mediation analysis was conducted to separate direct and indirect effects via long-term conditions. Overall, 14.7% of participants were exposed to one or more PIMs, with START PIMs being more prevalent (12.5%) than STOPP PIMs (3.1%). All variables for social position except health education were associated with PIM in a dose-response pattern. Individuals with lower wealth (OR: 1.85 [95% CI 1.77, 1.94]), lower income (OR: 1.78 [95% CI 1.69, 1.87]), and lower education level (OR: 1.66 [95% CI 1.56, 1.76]) exhibited the strongest associations with PIM. Similar associations were observed for immigrants, people with low social support, and people with limited social networks. The association with PIM remained significant for most variables after accounting for mediation by long-term conditions. The disparities were predominantly related to overtreatment and did not relate to the number of PIMs. The study's main limitation is the risk of reverse causation due to the complex nature of social position and medical treatment. Conclusions: The findings highlight significant social inequalities in PIM exposure, driven by both economic, cultural, and social capital despite a universal healthcare system. Understanding the social determinants of PIM can inform policies to reduce inappropriate medication use and improve healthcare quality and equity. Amanda Paust and colleagues leverage data from the 2017 Danish National Health Survey and linked to national registers to explore how economic, cultural, and social inequalities contribute to inappropriate medication prescribing. Author summary: Why was this study done?: Potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) is linked to adverse health outcomes and indicates treatment quality issues. Previous research has identified social inequalities in medical treatment but often relied on narrow definitions of social position and did not fully account for the mediation effect of long-term conditions. There was a need to understand how broader aspects of social position, including economic, cultural, and social capital, influence PIM to inform policy and practice. What did the researchers do and find?: This study utilized data from the 2017 Danish National Health Survey, including 177,495 individuals aged 18 and older, linked with national registers. All variables for social position except health education were associated with PIM. Wealth, income, and education level exhibited the strongest associations with PIM, but similar associations were observed for immigrants, not living with other adults, low social support, and limited social networks. The association with PIM remained significant for most variables after accounting for mediation by long-term conditions. The disparities were predominantly related to overtreatment and did not relate to the number of PIMs. What do these findings mean?: The study highlights significant social inequalities in PIM exposure, suggesting that socioeconomic disparities in healthcare persist even in a universal healthcare system. Understanding these disparities can guide efforts to reduce inappropriate medication use and improve patient safety The findings indicate that economic, cultural, and social capital are crucial determinants of treatment quality, with economic capital showing the strongest association. The study's main limitation is the risk of reverse causation due to the complex nature of social position and medical treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Behavioural contagion—the onset of a species-typical behaviour soon after witnessing it in a conspecific—forms the foundation of behavioural synchrony and cohesive group living in social animals. Although past research has mostly focused on negative emotions or neutral contexts, the sharing of positive emotions in particular may be key for social affiliation. We investigated the contagion of two socially affiliative interactive behaviours, grooming and play, in chimpanzees. We collected naturalistic observations of N = 41 sanctuary-living chimpanzees at Chimfunshi Wildlife Orphanage, conducting focal follows of individuals following observations of a grooming or play bout, compared with matched controls. We then tested whether the presence and latency of behavioural contagion was influenced by age, sex, rank, and social closeness. Our results offer evidence for the presence of grooming and play contagion in sanctuary-living chimpanzees. Grooming contagion appeared to be influenced by social closeness, whilst play contagion was more pronounced in younger individuals. These findings emphasise that contagion is not restricted to negatively valenced or self-directed behaviours, and that the predictors of contagious behaviour are highly specific to the behaviour and species in question. Examining the factors that influence this foundational social process contributes to theories of affective state matching and is key for understanding social bonding and group dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing presence of Trans-Exclusionary Radical Feminists (TERFs) in the media raises questions about their rhetoric and convictions, particularly on platforms like X (formerly Twitter), where contentious debates unfold. Given the limited existing research on TERFs, this study aims to deepen our understanding of the TERF movement’s dynamics. Two document analyses were conducted to uncover insights into their online behaviour and its interplay with sociopsychological group dynamics. The first analysis scrutinized feminist journals and diverse X platform posts to delineate TERFs’ categories and belief systems. The objective of this analysis was to provide a comprehensive overview of recent online discourse concerning gender criticism directed at trans individuals from a feminist perspective. In a second analysis, a literature review compared the identified categories, belief systems, and group dynamics with empirical findings, revealing alignment with recent literature. It was shown that TERFs exhibit typical group dynamics that can also be found in other conservative and authoritative ideologies. Nonetheless, further analyses are needed to fully grasp TERFs’ group dynamics and elucidate their online behaviours and belief structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Street‐level bureaucrats rely on credibility judgments when navigating interactions with citizen‐clients who are mostly strangers. These credibility judgments are inherently susceptible to prejudice against marginalized social groups, especially among majority bureaucrats who do not represent the marginalized groups in question. This argument was examined through a sequential mixed‐methods design, focusing on the case of police investigations of women's sexual assault accusations. In a mock investigatory case presented through vignettes, results revealed that male investigators were less inclined than their female counterparts to find the accusations credible. Interviewed investigators admitted to often relying on stereotyping cues when assessing the accusations' credibility, and elaborated on how increasing female representation in the workforce could help mitigate this problem. Our study highlights that client credibility judgments act as an inequitable gatekeeper in street‐level implementation. The implications extend beyond policing to other policy domains where program integrity is a salient issue, such as welfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) data, this study assesses the employment situation in Uttar Pradesh (UP), the most populous state in India, focusing on rural nonfarm employment. The primary objective of our study is to investigate the potential reasons for the movement of the labour force from farm to nonfarm activities over time in Uttar Pradesh. In UP, we observe that a higher proportion of workers are engaged in casual employment and employment growth stagnation in the rural manufacturing sector. We further observe that there is a declining proportion of people who are self-employed and regularly employed, and this situation has contributed to the casualisation of the rural workforce in UP. We also find that the average wages in agriculture are lower than those in non-agricultural activities. These observations point to the direction of distress in the agricultural sector, causing a shift in the workforce to a rural nonfarm sector. Casual employment in the rural nonfarm sector is considered to be low-paying employment compared to self-employment and regular employment outside agriculture, which are considered better-paying options. Hence, any movement of the workforce from agriculture to rural casual nonfarm employment is possibly driven by distress in the agricultural sector. Using a multinomial logit model, this study reveals that across all employment status categories, including agricultural labour, cultivators, nonfarm regular employment, nonfarm self-employment, and nonfarm casual employment, the likelihood of working in high-paying nonfarm regular and self-employment activities increases with better educational attainment, larger landholdings, and placement among the upper castes in social groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The editorial in Pediatric Radiology discusses the phenomenon of female-to-female aggression in professional settings, where women with higher power status may degrade or undermine their colleagues with lesser power status. This behavior, termed "self-group distancing," is not unique to women and can affect any minoritized group. Research suggests that this aggression is a product of inequality and not an inherent trait in women, with strategies proposed to mitigate this behavior in the workplace. The commentary emphasizes the importance of recognizing and addressing self-group distancing to create a more diverse and equitable work environment for all individuals. [Extracted from the article]

The article reviews Nicolai K. Knudsen's book on Heidegger's social ontology, focusing on the phenomenology of encountering others and forming communities. Knudsen explores Heidegger's views on empathy, shared agency, and the role of the world in interpersonal understanding. He critiques traditional theories of shared agency, arguing that Heidegger's ontology of affordances and commitments provides a more accurate account. Knudsen also examines how Heidegger's social ontology contradicts his nationalist political views, highlighting the disconnect between Heidegger's concept of community and his political proclamations. [Extracted from the article]

Objective Background Method Results Conclusions Implications This umbrella review sought to develop a comprehensive evidence base of the well‐being of grandparent kinship caregivers in order to inform targeted intervention.Despite acknowledging that grandparents constitute the majority of kinship caregivers globally, practical measures to promote the well‐being of grandparent kinship caregivers has not received the required attention in family studies literature.Four databases were searched (CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Embase) for systematic reviews published between 2012 to 2022. Seven systematic review articles that met the inclusion criteria were synthesized thematically.Results revealed that grandparent kinship caregivers reported poor outcomes on two crucial domains of well‐being: (a) health and mental health, and (b) social limitations, compared to noncaregivers. The negative outcomes were more profound among custodial grandparents, grandmothers, and those providing intensive care (>40 hours per week). In contrast, custodial grandparents reported better physical well‐being than noncaregivers, and custodial grandparents in some rural contexts reported better cognitive function and mental well‐being. Education, health, and social group interventions were found to be effective in improving the well‐being of grandparent kinship caregivers.In this study we provided comprehensive evidence on the well‐being of grandparent kinship caregivers. Findings revealed key adverse physical and health outcomes for grandparent kinship caregivers as well as variations based on grandparents' gender, nature of kinship care arrangement, and intensity of the care.The findings suggest the need for health and social group interventions, such as nurse–social worker home visitation programs, to improve the well‐being of custodial grandparents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT The widespread use of Internet has accelerated the explosive growth of data, which in turn leads to information overload and information confusion. This makes it difficult for us to communicate effectively in social groups, thereby intensifying the demands for emotional companionship. Therefore, we propose a novel social group chatting framework based on Large Language Model (LLM) powered multiple autonomous agents collaboration in this article. Specifically, BERTopic is used to extract topics from history chatting content for each social group everyday, and then multiple topics tracking is realised through multi‐level association by adaptive time sliding‐window mechanism and optimal matching. Furthermore, we use topic tracking architecture and prompts to design and implement an AI Chatbot system with different characters that can conduct natural language conversations with users in online social group. LLM, as the controller and coordinator of the whole AI Chatbot for sub‐tasks, allows different AI Agents to autonomously decide whether to participate in current topic, how to generate response, and whether to propose a new topic. Each AI Agent has their own multi‐store memory system based on the Atkinson‐Shiffrin model. Finally, we construct a verification environment based on online game that is consistent with real society. Subjective and objective evaluation methods were deployed to perform qualitative and quantitative analyses to demonstrate the performance of our AI Chatbot system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveMethodResultsDiscussionFilipino men's self-perceived masculinity and their inclination to seek help are influenced by the cultural context, and barriers in their help-seeking behaviour moderate this relationship. It is hypothesised that higher self-perceived masculinity corresponds to a diminished tendency to seek help, shaped by categorisation into social groups based on masculinity.The respondents were 348 Filipino males, aged 21–45 years, who accomplished the online survey. The participants completed the Male Role Norms Inventory-Revised, Barriers to Help Seeking Scale, and General Help-Seeking Questionnaire. A series of moderation analyses utilising JAMOVI was performed to investigate the moderation of help-seeking barriers on the relationship between masculinity and help-seeking behaviour.Results showed that when Filipino men's self-perception of masculinity increases, their help-seeking behaviour, specifically formal help-seeking, decreases. The following barriers act as moderators – Need for Self-Control and Self-Reliance, Concrete Barriers, and Distrust of Caregivers, significantly influencing the relationship between masculinity and formal help-seeking. Conversely, when seeking informal help, all identified barriers show no buffering effect, as Filipino men prefer informal help-seeking, consistent with the cultural context.Findings support the hypothesis that masculinity predicts their propensity to seek help. Add a one-liner recommendation based on the results. Future authors should focus on conducting localised research that examines the specific cultural factors influencing masculinity and help-seeking behaviours. Additionally, exploring the intersectionality of masculinity with other social factors can provide a more comprehensive understanding of the barriers men face in seeking help. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Legal obligations play an important role in the mechanism of interaction between the state, law and the individual; without them, neither a balanced legal system, nor effective legal regulation, nor a clear legal order in society are possible. Legal obligations contribute to establishing clear standards of behavior in society, emphasizing its most useful and appropriate options. Moreover, the content of legal obligations reflects the basic principles of an individual's interaction with society and the state, since the obligation itself as an instrument of legal regulation allows to create a balance between the interests of individual social groups and the individual as a part of them. So, for example, the obligation not to encroach on the rights and freedoms, honor and dignity of other people, which is contained in Art. 68 of the Constitution of Ukraine and is one of the tools for achieving a compromise and balance between the interests of individual participants in social relations. In addition, due to their imperativeness, formal determination and state protection, legal duties are able to optimally ensure proper and effective regulation of social relations. Duty is a multifaceted category that is of exceptional importance in various spheres of social life, which causes special interest in its research in general and its internal structure in particular. Instead, more often, the subject of scientific research in the field of law is the rights of a person and a citizen, which to some extent reduces the value of legal obligations. The lack of an adequate level of scientific study of the category of legal obligations causes a number of shortcomings in the process of direct implementation of obligations by their addressees. That is, the lack of a comprehensive study and interpretation of the nature of the legal obligation, its internal content and structure has as a consequence the imperfection of its understanding by the individuals to whom such obligations are directed, which, in turn, causes a low level of their implementation and compliance. The theoretical foundations of the category of legal duty are extremely important for understanding its essence and means of implementation, because it is the duty of consideration They are given as a guarantee of the existence of freedom, democracy, responsibility and morality in society. That is why we consider it necessary to investigate the internal content of the legal obligation through the prism of its structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The study aims to map and analyse the development of social vulnerability patterns in Greece through a perma-crisis context (economic crisis, austerity, covid-19, energy, and inflation crisis) over the period 2008-2022. Methods: The paper rests on the construction of a composite index of four key pillars of social vulnerability (employment, living conditions, health, and education) consisting of 15 selected variables obtained from the official Eurostat datasets and using PCA analysis. Results: Our findings show that social vulnerability patterns in Greece demonstrate a considerable shift during the stated period where certain social groups (i.e., NEETs and precarious workers) seem to suffer the most. The first pattern (2008-2016) is largely characterized by the intensity and severity of the economic crisis and austerity measures, which contributed to the exacerbation of social vulnerability. The second pattern (2017-2022) presents a gradual decline mainly due to the recovery of the economy and a decrease in unemployment rates featuring a strong tendency to reach the pre-crisis levels in the years to come. Discussion: The high levels of social vulnerability leading to social exclusion, poverty, and the widening of inequalities, impede the country's resilience and recovery efforts and undermine social cohesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, I aim to critically examine the Israeli planning discourse related to the execution of the first national masterplan for Jewish population dispersion in Israel's history, the ‘Sharon Plan’. I argue that the discursive justification of the Population Dispersion Policy, as presented in Israel's planning historiography, provides planning, cultural, moral and economic advantages to the dispersion of Middle-Eastern and North African Jews (‘Mizrahi’ Jews), used to de-Arabise them as a project of ‘whiteness’. Subsequently, I analyse the three-dimensional language initiated in the Sharon Plan – Land, People and Time dimensions – though three main motifs: the ‘making the desert bloom’ motif, the modernistic progress motif, and the urgency motif. On a larger theoretical scale, I suggest reinvestigating how spatial design and national planning historiographies racialise social groups. Methodologically, I apply the Cultural Approach to Critical Discourse Analysis on a case study that engages the built environment, by assembling a corpus that includes the masterplan, Arieh Sharon's lectures and articles collected at the Azrieli Architectural Archive of Tel-Aviv Art Museum, and three planning and architectural exhibitions’ catalogues. I analyse the corpus by reading and observing every item to pursue shared motifs within the historical planning discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various species inhabit cities around the world, and numerous changes in their biology can be observed. Among them, changes in the time of reproduction or productivity are often recorded in urban populations. Firstly, we compared selected reproductive features (i.e., litter size and time of breeding) of two red fox (Vulpes vulpes) populations, one living in the city of Warsaw and the other inhabiting a forest‐field mosaic in Central Poland. Secondly, we investigated fox reproductive and social behaviour in an extensive camera trap study in Warsaw (2018–2021). By means of generalized linear mixed effects models, we identified which factors (fox social group size, share of natural food, and level of urbanization, created by using principal components analysis for habitat and landscape variables) affected the reproduction and/or social group size of urban foxes. We found that urban foxes started breeding about 2 weeks earlier than their rural counterparts and produced bigger litters (3.98 vs. 3.48 cubs). Opposite to rural foxes where only pairs of adult foxes were reported, in the urban population, social groups were observed with a mean number of 2.37 individuals. Interestingly, none of the studied factors affected group size or litter size in urban foxes, while breeding time was influenced by the level of urbanization and share of natural food. Earlier reproduction in urban areas is fairly frequently observed and may be attributed to altered environmental conditions in urban habitats, while higher productivity is probably a consequence of higher food availability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There has been a collapse in the number of public toilets in UK cities. Austerity cuts, a lack of legal requirements, and a failure to prioritise sanitation has led to significant health and equality impacts. Research on public toilets in the Global North focuses on their historical production, contemporary design, or on the experience of particular social groups, with less work bringing governance and social experience together. We argue for a focus on the “ungoverning” of sanitation, on how residents “learn” sanitation in the city, and on the need for radical transformation in sanitation approaches and delivery. Drawing on research in London, we set out the challenges for public toilet provision and make a case for a sanitation revolution in British cities. We focus on the experience of delivery drivers and residents with health concerns in order to illustrate the inequalities in provision and their consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microfinance institutions (MFIs) play a vital role in promoting financial inclusion and reducing poverty by providing credit to marginalized populations. However, sustainability issues arise due to challenges in loan repayment. This study examines the factors influencing loan repayment among microfinance borrowers in Tanzania, specifically the impact of dynamic incentives, joint liability, and regular group meetings. Using survey data from 251 MFI borrowers, we analyzed repayment behavior among individuals in group loans through correlation and multiple regression techniques. The results indicate that dynamic incentives and joint liability improve repayment behavior, supporting information asymmetry and carrot/stick theories by reducing information gaps. Joint liability, in particular, fosters mutual trust and accountability, as members become more involved in monitoring and reporting each other’s activities to lenders. These findings suggest that MFIs should enhance group lending management practices. For regulators, formalizing and legally recognizing community groups would further support their access to financial services. This study highlights the importance of structured group dynamics in improving loan repayment rates, which are crucial for the sustainability of MFIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eukaryotes are important components of primate gut communities. Despite their role in the diversity and structure of the gut ecosystem, microbiome research has focused on the prokaryotic component of the gut community. While gut bacteria are shaped by host phylogeny and diet, these factors are known to have negligible effects on eukaryotic diversity, which is expected to be modulated by the characteristics of the habitat. We assess the influence of landscape composition and configuration on the eukaryome of black and gold howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya). We collected fecal samples from 10 independent social groups inhabiting small forest fragments or orchards enriched with native tree species and applied an 18S rRNA gene fragment metabarcoding approach to describe their eukaryotic communities. We used generalized linear models to assess the power of landscape metrics in predicting the richness, diversity, evenness, and phylogenetic diversity of the eukaryome. Most communities were dominated by Ascomycota, and it is likely that many of the reads had an environmental origin. Forest cover affected eukaryome richness positively and patch density showed a positive relationship with the Simpson’s diversity and Pielou’s evenness indexes. Howler monkeys living in landscapes with lower habitat coverage had a lower eukaryotic alpha-diversity in the fecal microbiome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Intercultural mediation has developed significantly in recent decades in various public systems, including the education system. In Israel, hundreds of mediators from various social groups serve to bridge between the parents and community on the one hand, and the school on another. This role involves a personal and professional challenge given the mediators' intersectional identity as members of both a migrant group and the host culture, where they represent the Israeli education system. This study focuses on mediators of Ethiopian descent, and examines the following questions: (1) How are the mediators' two identities expressed? (2) How do they affect their personal and professional experiences? (3) What, in their experience, are the most effective tools for intercultural mediation in the school system? (4) How can a public system support the mediators' activity? The study was carried out in the Research Lab of the Center for the Advancement of a Shared Society at the Beit Berl College, with the funding of the Feldman Foundation TX. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reveals the process of identifying an individual as a participant in civil legal affairs in the current digital world. It is agreed that the rapid development of modern digital technologies will require rethinking and updating of legal terminology. The concept of digital identity is relevant and complex for current legal systems in the world. Analysis and adaptation of existing legislation to digital progress is inevitable. Digital identity can be seen in many aspects, focusing on stable forms, such as social and legal. Digital identity is a version of a person’s social identity. Continuous collection of information obtained as a result of an individual’s online activity, which can be manifested in the appearance of a name, publication, comments, etc. It is stated that the legal forms of an individual’s identity in a civil-legal sense in the light of digital law will require expansion. The emphasis is on the classic forms of digital identity, which is persistent identity, constructed identity and captured identity. Stable identity is immutable information. Like a butt, this name is given to the people. The formation of identity, as the development of a specific feature of a digital individual, which is seen as a persistent reality at the beginning stage of digital life, in addition to which person positions himself in the digital world. This process defines individuals to others and to themselves. Fragments of factual identity represent the unique characteristics of an individual and his affiliation to a particular social group. The formation of identity clearly flows into a particular identity, in addition to which the individual presents himself as a discrete unit in the digital world. It is possible through individualization, in addition to some non-differentiation, that the individual does not become unique, but goes through stages, through some differentiated aspects of people’s lives, and thus achieves more inseparable goals. Following the constructed identity makes it possible to understand that it is also possible to change information in this form of identity, such as changing a name when laying a sluice. On the Internet, as a rule, only the constructed identity of an individual is indicated. The remaining form of traceable identity, which is captured identity. There is a need for information that a person needlessly does not disclose to other participants in the digital space. For example, passport data, identification code, etc. These nutritional data will require further analysis and investigation. The historical analysis reveals the multiple stages of the emergence of digital identity, and the value of the new concept of the online representation of an individual for his or her existence in the cyberspace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social groups and the environments they create play a prominent role in the desistance versus persistence of young peoples' criminal offending. Social Identity Mapping (SIM) provides a quantitative method for understanding the social network of young offenders. This exploratory study was guided by two broad research questions: (1) using the SIM task, we wanted to investigate the experiences of young people moving through the Youth Justice System in Aotearoa New Zealand, and (2) through the use of the SIM task combined with qualitative interviews, we wanted to gain novel insight into the influences that important social groups had on young people's behaviour. The participants were nine young people currently working their way through the Youth Justice System in Aotearoa New Zealand. The average number of groups identified in the SIM task was four (range: 3–6), with the most common groups identified being friends, family, and Gisborne (i.e., the town in which participants all lived). Through the semi‐structured interviews, participants noted that they were excluded from some groups (e.g., school) due to their delinquent behaviour. In addition, despite strong motivation to join the workforce and develop a career, participants' social networks and low educational attainment made achieving this goal very challenging. Our findings suggest that desistance efforts would be well served by broadening young offenders' social networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyses the dynamics of the construction of agency and identity in one boy and one girl during the transitional period between primary and secondary school and the time when they embark on adolescence in a school in Colombia. Drawing from the principles of Grounded Theory, interviews and observations were conducted. The analysis applied a thematic and microgenetic analysis to identify issues in tension, functions, directions of change and dynamics of reflexivity and agency. The results showed a transformation of meanings and positionings in reflexivity on belonging to or being part of a social group at school, which mobilized the development of agency for both identifying and differentiating oneself. The agency<>reflexivity dynamics were articulated in identity construction processes in the midst of the challenges of school transitions and development. We discuss the findings and their implications in terms of changes and transformations to construct maps of agency development, as well as the possible discussions around the traditional Kantian educational models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Previous studies generally used cross‐sectional data and focused on under‐five children to assess the risk factors for malnutrition among Indian children. Some recent studies have reported that recovery from or faltering in malnutrition is possible after five years of age, but socio‐demographic subgroup disparities have not been explored. This study aims to find the longitudinal disparity in height‐for‐age Z‐scores (HAZ) and body‐mass‐index‐for‐age Z‐scores (BMIAZ scores) across various sub‐groups of a cohort from childhood to adolescence. Methods: This study used a cohort from the Young Lives Survey, which followed children aged of 1–15 years between 2002 and 2016–17 in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, India. Mixed‐effect models were applied to find the main, time, and interaction effects of HAZ scores and BMIAZ scores. In addition, an extended Kitagawa–Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition approach to assess group‐based differences over time was used. Results: The cross‐sectional prevalence of stunting reduced across all subgroups, while thinness rose during the same period. The interactions of child sex, mother's education, place of residence, wealth index, and antenatal care with time were statistically significant at p <0.05. The gender disparity in adjusted HAZ score decreased from 0.214 units at 1 year to 0.011 units at 15 years, whereas BMIAZ score differential increased from 0.106 to 0.538 units over same timeframe. Disparities in scores were also observed across rural–urban, maternal education, social group, religion, socioeconomic status, maternal age at birth, antenatal care, and premature birth status. Conclusion: The study sheds light on the nuanced dynamics of paediatric growth, emphasising the importance of longitudinal approaches in understanding and addressing the health disparities across different stages of childhood and adolescence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of Jung's most significant contributions concerns the mysterious, inexplicable and always out‐of‐reach nature of the self. In this paper, I will focus on the borders of the self and their nature, location and dynamics of maintenance and change in geographically, historically, and culturally situated subjects. Reflecting on the refugee experience, I intend to gain more insights into our psychic functioning and the dynamics of the self in relation to itself, the other and groups. The experiences of some refugees, marked bysignificant trauma and migration, shed light on how the boundaries of the self are frequently contested and perpetually negotiated with others, and how our subjectivity is shaped by ongoing dynamics of occupation, dispute and/or negotiation, conducted at various levels of our social and individual existence. My argument is that these processes occur at a specific site: the boundaries of the self, involving intrapsychic, interpersonal and group psychological dynamics, with reverberations in the socio‐political and cultural spheres, and reciprocal influences between all these levels. This paper aims to concentrate on the shifts in these boundaries, illustrated through clinical vignettes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The impact of alcohol‐free and low‐alcohol (no/lo) drinks on public health and health inequalities depends on who consumes them and how they are consumed. This study aimed to estimate: (i) the proportions of adults in Great Britain who consume no/lo drinks at different frequencies and in different settings; and (ii) the associations between no/lo drink consumption and individual characteristics. Method: Pooled data (N = 7691) from four waves of a repeat cross‐sectional survey on alcohol use completed in 2022–2023 by adults (16+) resident in Great Britain were analysed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression models. Results: In all, 31.3% of adults reported ever consuming no/lo drinks and 9.8% reported drinking them weekly. Ever consumption of no/lo drinks was associated with: being an increasing risk drinker of alcohol relative to not drinking (ORadj: 3.96, 95% CI 3.27–4.80), being aged 16–24 compared with 65+ (ORadj:1.29, 95% CI 1.07–1.57), having previously smoked compared with having never smoked (ORadj:1.19, 95% CI 1.05–1.34) and living in a rural rather than urban area (ORadj:1.14, 95% CI 1.00–1.29). It was less likely among those in lower social grades or with lower educational qualifications; those living in Yorkshire and the Humber, and Scotland, compared with the South‐East of England; and those using nicotine products. Discussion and Conclusions: A third of adults in Great Britain have consumed no/lo drinks and approximately one in 10 do so weekly. Consumption is more common among riskier drinkers of alcohol and among more advantaged social groups, which may contribute to the sustaining or widening of health inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article uses meta-ethnography to identify the challenges of working in solidarity with the experiences and interests of marginalised and exploited social groups. It focuses on what the main challenges seem to be, and on how to overcome them in struggles to change education in just directions by means of educational research. It is therefore a paper of interest from a methodological and a research political perspective relating to how critical researchers challenge the status quo and undermine the dominant hegemony in education and education policy in their research. A clear message from the analysis concerns the importance of understanding of the ontological class position of research for change and what to do in research in the interests of justice based on this understanding. Another message relates to the subjective and objective sides of transformative action, and a third a two directional threat towards it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to provide new insights for diversity management by applying the psychodynamic principles of defence mechanisms and basic assumption mentality. Diversity is an important part of modern society and organisations. However, the evidence of diversity management remains inconsistent. Two opposing social theories have primarily been the focus of the scientific literature. Some scholars argue that these theories may be insufficient as they do not necessarily account for more covert forms of discrimination and experiences. We adopt a psychodynamic perspective because it has long promoted the influence of covert behaviours and subjective experiences. Ten participants were recruited using the purposeful sampling method. Participants identified as either being White, Black, Asian, or Other which was one of the three main inclusion criteria. The second being participants had no formal managerial authority and all worked in racially diverse teams in different organisations. Participants were recruited from organisations in The UK, The Netherlands, Belgium, Austria, and Australia. Individual interviews lasted 20–30 minutes and were conducted using Microsoft Teams and transcripts were coded using Nvivo 12. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was applied to uncover themes and psychodynamic principles were applied to make sense of participants lived experiences. The findings suggest that participants' anxieties were exacerbated by socio-environmental factors and adverse workplace experiences that negatively interfered with job performance and relationships in the workplace. Ethnic minorities reported more stressors primarily due to a conflict and discrepancy between the self and their work environment. Reducing uncertainty, leadership emotional competence, and effectively managing work boundaries were protective factors. Recommendations and limitations are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smaller canids, such as most foxes, individually hunt small prey, and therefore, social groups typically consist of just a mated pair. However, these smaller canids occasionally form groups in which the members have been presumed to be genetically or socially related. We studied social and genetic relationships among urban San Joaquin kit fox (Vulpes macrotis mutica Merriam, 1902) groups in Bakersfield, California. Of 59 groups, 42.4% had extra adults in addition to the parents. Foxes were field classified as either mothers, fathers, helpers (extra adults), or pups. We then assessed relatedness of foxes within social groups using 11 microsatellites in DNA from tissue or hair samples. Mated pairs were significantly less related than mothers and helpers, with fathers and helpers being intermediate. Twelve pairs of females were mother–daughter dyads, but we also found two cases of sisters and two cases where the females were unrelated. Pups were always related to a female identified as their mother. Father–pup pairs were less related than mother–pup pairs, with helper–pup pairs being intermediate. The extra-pair paternity rate (multiple fathers per litter) was 39%. The social flexibility exhibited by kit foxes may increase their resiliency to marked fluctuations in resource availability, thereby reducing extinction risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]