1. Endothelial Cell Dysfunction and Increased Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
- Author
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Constance C.F.M.J. Baaten, Sonja Vondenhoff, Heidi Noels, Biochemie, and RS: Carim - B04 Clinical thrombosis and Haemostasis
- Subjects
Physiology ,SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS ,STAGE RENAL-DISEASE ,vascular stiffness ,FLOW-MEDIATED DILATION ,chronic kidney diseases ,endothelial cells ,C-REACTIVE PROTEIN ,CHRONIC HEART-FAILURE ,cardiovascular diseases ,LEFT-VENTRICULAR MASS ,PULSE-WAVE VELOCITY ,INDOXYL SULFATE ,atherosclerosis ,NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,VASCULAR FUNCTION - Abstract
The endothelium is considered to be the gatekeeper of the vessel wall, maintaining and regulating vascular integrity. In patients with chronic kidney disease, protective endothelial cell functions are impaired due to the proinflammatory, prothrombotic and uremic environment caused by the decline in kidney function, adding to the increase in cardiovascular complications in this vulnerable patient population. In this review, we discuss endothelial cell functioning in healthy conditions and the contribution of endothelial cell dysfunction to cardiovascular disease. Further, we summarize the phenotypic changes of the endothelium in chronic kidney disease patients and the relation of endothelial cell dysfunction to cardiovascular risk in chronic kidney disease. We also review the mechanisms that underlie endothelial changes in chronic kidney disease and consider potential pharmacological interventions that can ameliorate endothelial health.
- Published
- 2023