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Barley is simply a grain, but scientists have given its importance to say that barley is also a nutritious cereal like Rai, Wheat, and Maize, which grows in India. Rice and wheat consumption is very high than other crops in India. As scientists researched Barley's golden benefits, the practice of eating barley started all over the world, otherwise barley was used only in Hawan-Samagri and beer preparation. Barley chapatti is very famous in Maharashtra. Barley product is now easily available in market as barley flour, barley bread, barley flakes, roasted barley etc. Foreigners use barley in their diet, but now Indian high and upper-middle class society use to consume barley in their diet. As it contains many nutrients, so it is very beneficial for health. It is said that people who use Barley in their daily diet do not suffer from constipation, and due to constipation, many diseases are born in the stomach, so we should use barley Chapati in our diet at least one time in a day.

The discovery of exogenous contrast agents (CAs) is one of the key factors behind the success and widespread acceptability of MRI as an imaging tool. To the long list of CAs, the newest addition is the chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST)-based CAs. Among them, the diaCEST CAs are the safer metal-free option constituted by a large pool of organic and macromolecules, but the tradeoff comes in terms of smaller natural offset. Another major challenge for the CEST CAs is that they need to operate in the tens of millimolar concentration range to produce any meaningful contrast. The quest for high efficiency diaCEST agents has led to a number of strategies such as use of hydrogen bonding, use of equivalent protons, and use of diatropic ring current. Here, we present carbon quantum dot formation using hydrothermal treatment as a new strategy to amplify diaCEST contrast efficiency. We show that while the well-known analgesic drug lidocaine hydrochloride when repurposed as a diaCEST CA produces no contrast at the physiological pH and temperature, the carbon dots prepared from it elevate the physiological contrast to a sizable 11%. Also, the maximum efficiency at an acidic pH gets amplified by a factor of 2 to 46%. The study showed that the enhancement in CEST efficiency is reproducible and the pH response of these carbon dots is tunable through variation in synthesis conditions such as temperature, duration, and precursor concentration.

Background: Respectful maternity care refers to care organized for and provided to all women in a manner that maintains their dignity, privacy and confidentiality, ensures freedom from harm and mistreatment, and enables informed choice and continuous support during labour and Childbirth. Methods: A pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design was used. The sample size of 30 were selected by using Non-Probability purposive sampling technique. Data were collected from Staff nurses working in SCPM Hospital,Gonda by means of structured knowledge questionnaire. The reliability of the tool was r =0.82 and analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The findings of the study revealed that post-test mean Knowledge score was higher than the pre-test mean score. Thus, the difference in the level of knowledge was found to be significant at p

A field experiment was carried out to test the efficacy of insecticides against aphid Aphis craccivora in fenugreek at the Research Farm, Agricultural Research Station, Mandor-Jodhpur during rabi, 2021-22. After two sprays, flonicamid 50 WG was found most effective while azadirachtin 10,000 ppm (4.73 aphids/5 cm central shoot) treated plots was found least effective. Maximum yield (1722 kg/ha) was obtained from the plots treated with flonicamid 50 WG. The highest benefit-cost ratio was observed with thiamethoxam 25 WG (3.79:1) followed by flonicamid 50 WG (3.57:1). All the treatments showed no harmful effect on the natural enemies especially the coccinellids.

India is a diverse country with a vast array of art forms and cultures, which serves as a distinctive identity for its region of origin. Together they contribute to the rich heritage of this country. This study is an attempt to bring together the various efforts made by the entrepreneurs, researchers, educational institutions, designers, organizations and craftsmen of this India to preserve, promote and revitalize Indian folk art through their aptitudes. It is expected to be beneficial for Indian folk art costume revivalists, designers, students and all those who are working in this field or working for the revival of folk arts of India by incorporating on different media and product variety. are willing to. The present review study is basically based on secondary sources. Under which the objective of revival of various Indian folk arts is based on extensive literature review to get detailed critical information about the various efforts made to apply them in Indian costumes. Abstract in Hindi Language: भारत कला रूपों और संस्कृतियों की एक विशाल श्रृंखला के साथ एक विविधता भरा देश है, जो अपने मूल के क्षेत्र के लिए एक विशिष्ट पहचान के रूप में कार्य करता है। ये सब मिलकर इस देश की समृद्ध विरासत में योगदान करते हैं। यह अध्ययन इस भारत के उद्यमियों, शोधकर्ताओं, शैक्षणिक संस्थानों, डिजाइनरों, संगठनों और शिल्पकारों द्वारा अपनी अभिरुचि 0 अभ्यर्थन के माध्यम से भारतीय लोक कला को संरक्षित, संबर्धित एवं पुनावर्तित करने के लिए किए गए विभिन्न प्रयासों को एक साथ लाने का प्रयास है। यह भारतीय लोक कलाओं से सुसज्जित परिधान पुनरुत्थानवादियों, डिजाइनरों, छात्रों और उन सभी के लिए लाभकारी होने की उम्मीद है, जो इस क्षेत्र में काम कर रहे हैं या विभिन्न मीडिया और उत्पाद वैभिन्नता पर समावेशित कर भारत के लोक कलाओं के पुनरुद्धार के लिए काम करने के इच्छुक हैं। प्रस्तुत समीक्षात्मक अध्ययन मूल रुप से द्वितीयक स्रोतों पर आधारित है। जिसके अन्तर्गत विभिन्न भारतीय लोेक कलाओं के पुनरुद्धार के उद्देश्य से भारतीय परिधानों में लागू करने के लिए किए गए विभिन्न प्रयासों के बारे में विस्तृत समीक्षात्मक जानकारी प्राप्त करने के लिए व्यापक साहित्यावलोकन पर आधारित है। Keywords: लोक कला, आधुनिक फैशन, पोशाक, शिल्पकार

A comparison of different diacetamide isomers shows the influence of hydrogen-bonding networks in tuning the diaCEST MRI contrast efficiency.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in myriad diseases, including cancer. Subsequently, targeting mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA) in cancer cells has emerged as an unorthodox strategy for anti-cancer therapy. However, approaches targeting only one component of the mitochondrial "central dogma" can be evaded by cancer cells through various mechanisms. To address this, herein, we have engineered mitochondria-targeting cholesterol-based chimeric nanoparticles (mt-CNPs) consisting of cisplatin, camptothecin, and tigecycline, which can simultaneously impair mt-DNA, mitochondrial topoisomerase I (mt-Top1), and mitochondrial ribosomes. mt-CNPs were characterized as being positively charged, spherical in shape, and 187 nm in diameter. Confocal microscopy confirmed that mt-CNPs efficiently localized into the mitochondria of A549 lung cancer cells within 6 h, followed by mitochondrial morphology damage and the subsequent generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). mt-CNPs showed remarkable cancer-cell killing abilities compared to free-drug combinations in A549 (lung), HeLa (cervical), and MCF7 (breast) cancer cells. These mitochondria-targeting lipidic chimeric nanoparticles could be explored further to impair multiple targets in mitochondria, helping researchers to gain an understanding of mitochondrial translational and transcriptional machinery and to develop new strategies for cancer therapy.

The stereoselective synthesis of 1,3-enynes from 1,3-diynes is demonstrated by palladium-catalyzed selective C-C bond cleavage of cyclopropanol. Exclusive formation of mono-alkenylated adducts was achieved by eliminating the possibility of di-functionalization with high stereoselectivity. Indeed, this protocol worked very well with electronically and sterically diverse substrates. Several studies, including deuterium labeling experiments and intermolecular competitive experiments, were carried out to understand the mechanistic details. The atomic-level mechanism followed in the catalytic process was also validated using DFT calculations, and the rate-controlling states in the catalytic cycle were identified. Furthermore, preliminary mechanistic investigations with radical scavengers revealed the non-involvement of the radical pathway in this transformation.

Carbon dot formation through the hydrothermal treatment of amino-thioamide improves the diaCEST contrast efficiency.

Anemia is the most prevalent deficiency disease and one among the major nutrition related goals globally. Children and women of reproductive age are the most vulnerable groups for anemia everywhere. While there are various nutritional and non-nutritional factors causing anemia, Iron deficiency is the most prominent of them. In India, more than half population of preschool age children and reproductive age women is suffering from anemia. Indian government had started anemia prophylaxis efforts a half century ago and still continuing to battle with this ever prevalent disease to bring down its occurrence. National Family Health Survey is the large-scale survey conducted in India to provide high-quality data on health and family welfare and related emerging issues. The data provided not only helps in formulation, revision and monitoring of the policies and programs but in situating the development of India globally. Studying the time trend for anemia prevalence and other related parameters reported in NFHS surveys helps how well India has performed until now and how far is from its goal to become Anemia free country. Keywords: Anemia, iron deficiency, health survey, child health, maternal health.

One of the most familiar carbon-centered noncovalent interactions (NCIs) involving an antibonding π*-orbital situated at the Bürgi-Dunitz angle from the electron donor, mostly lone pairs of electrons, is known as n → π* interactions, and if it involves a σ* orbital in a linear fashion, then it is known as the carbon bond. These NCIs can be intra- or inter-molecular and are usually weak in strength but have a paramount effect on the structure and function of small-molecular crystals and proteins. Surprisingly, the experimental evidence of such interactions in the solution phase is scarce. It is even difficult to determine the interaction energy in the solution. Using NMR spectroscopy aided with molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and high-level quantum mechanical calculations, herein we provide the experimental evidence of intermolecular carbon-centered NCIs in solution. The challenge was to find appropriate heterodimers that could sustain room temperature thermal energy and collisions from the solvent molecules. However, after several trial model compounds, the pyridine-N-oxide:dimethyltetracyanocyclopropane (PNO-DMTCCP) complex was found to be a good candidate for the investigation. NBO analyses show that the PNO:DMTCCP complex is stabilized mainly by intermolecular n → π* interaction when a weaker carbon bond gives extra stability to the complex. From the NMR study, it is observed that the NCIs between DMTCCP and PNO are enthalpy driven with an enthalpy change of -28.12 kJ mol

PPR also known as goat plague is an acute highly contagious disease of sheep and goats characterized by fever, catarrhal inflammation of ocular and nasal mucous membrane and diarrhea. The present study was conducted for molecular detection and isolation of Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus in sheep and goats in Punjab region. A total of 150 samples; ocular (25), nasal (25) and rectal swabs (25) separately from sheep and goats were collected. These samples were subjected to Reverse Transcriptase-PCR for molecular detection of PPR virus. Out of 75 samples from 25 goats, three samples (4%) were found positive for F gene by RT-PCR and all the samples from sheep were negative for PPR virus. PPR virus was isolated from one sample using vero cell line.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is one of the crucial sub-cellular organelles controlling myriads of functions including protein biosynthesis, folding, misfolding and unfolding. As a result, dysregulation of these pathways in the ER is implicated in cancer development and progression. Subsequently, targeting the ER in cancer cells emerged as an interesting unorthodox strategy in next-generation anticancer therapy. However, development of small molecules to selectively target the ER for cancer therapy remained elusive and unexplored. To address this, herein, we have developed a novel small molecule library of sulfonylhydrazide-hydrazones through a short and concise chemical synthetic strategy. We identified a fluorescent small molecule that localized into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of HeLa cells, induced ER stress followed by triggering autophagy which was subsequently inhibited by chloroquine (autophagy inhibitor) to initiate apoptosis. This small molecule showed remarkable cancer cell killing efficacy in different cancer cells as mono and combination therapy with chloroquine, thus opening a new direction to illuminate ER-biology towards the development of novel anticancer therapeutics.

Residue specific measurement of translational diffusion coefficient involving labile amide protons of a protein molecule is known to give inconsistent result due to multiple solute-solvent exchange events during the diffusion encoding period. The residues accessible to solvent often overestimates the diffusion coefficient due to the contribution by fast diffusing solvent molecules to the measured values. It has been, however, shown that this apparent drawback of overestimation can become a valuable source of information about the exchange rates. An associated exchange related drawback that has never been perceived in a similar positive manner is the high repetition inaccuracy. The exchanging residues not only overestimate, they do so in an inconsistent way as the contribution of exchange differs from one measurement to the next. We show here how measurement uncertainty can become another useful tool in recognizing the sections of the polypeptide chain that are exposed to solvent. Additionally, we show that the uncertainty is more sensitive a marker than the overestimation in detecting small changes in solvent accessibility of a residue due to structural changes of a protein molecule.

Background:Respectful maternity care refers to care organized for and provided to all women in a manner that maintains their dignity, privacy and confidentiality, ensures freedom from harm and mistreatment, and enables informed choice and continuous support during labour and Childbirth. Methods:A pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design was used. The sample size of 30 were selected by using Non-Probability purposive sampling technique. Data were collected from Staff nurses working in SCPM Hospital,Gonda by means of structured knowledge questionnaire. The reliability of the tool was r =0.82 and analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results:The findings of the study revealed that post-test mean Knowledge score was higher than the pre-test mean score. Thus, the difference in the level of knowledge was found to be significant at p Conclusion:This Study concluded that the Structured Teaching Programme was effective to improve the knowledge of Staff Nurses. &nbsp

In recent years, antibiotics have emerged as alternative medicines in cancer therapy due to their capability of mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer cells. However, antibiotics render collateral damage in noncancerous cells by targeting mitochondrial transcription and translational machinery. To address this, herein, we have engineered three different mitochondria-targeted cationic antibiotic (tigecycline)-loaded nanoparticles from cholesterol conjugates. Dynamic light scattering and electron microscopy confirmed the spherical morphology and a less than 200 nm hydrodynamic diameter for these nanoparticles. The triphenylphosphine-coated tigecycline-loaded nanoparticle (Mito-TPP-Tig-NP) was shown to be homed into the mitochondria of A549 lung cancer cells compared to the other cationic nanoparticles. These Mito-TPP-Tig-NPs indeed triggered mitochondrial morphology damage and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). All the mitochondria-targeted tigecycline-loaded nanoparticles showed improved cancer cell killing ability in A549 and HeLa cervical cancer cells compared to free tigecycline. Moreover, Mito-TPP-Tig-NPs showed much less toxicity toward noncancerous human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) compared to free tigecycline. These antibiotic-loaded mitochondria-targeted nanoparticles can open up an avenue toward anticancer therapy.

Lesch Nyhan Syndrome (LNS) is a rare hereditary disorder with an incidence of 1 in 380,000. It is a condition characterized by neurological and behavioral abnormalities and uric acid over production in the body. The authors here report a case where developmental delay, a common presentation was complicated by presence of pathological jaundice in neonatal period. It was further complicated by parents shifting to another country and lost to follow up. By the time case was diagnosed and parental counseling was done, mother was already pregnant and 20 weeks into her 2nd pregnancy and abortions were prohibited by law in that country. It is unfortunate that 2nd child is also a male child who is affected.

The presence of the same proteins at different sub-cellular locations with completely different functions adds to the complexity of signalling pathways in cancer. Subsequently, it becomes indispensable to understand the diverse critical roles of these proteins based on their spatial distribution for the development of improved cancer therapeutics. To address this, in this work, we report the development of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria targeted nanoscale particles to spatially impair anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein in these organelles in HeLa cervical cancer cells. Confocal microscopy and gel electrophoresis confirmed that these nanoparticles selectively home into ER and mitochondria and inhibited Bcl-2 localized there. Interestingly, Bcl-2 inhibition in ER induced ER stress leading to autophagy, whereas inhibition of Bcl-2 in mitochondria leads to mitochondrial damage and programmed cell death (apoptosis) in HeLa cells. These nanoscale platforms can be further explored as chemical biology tools to decipher the location-function relationship of proteins towards next generation cancer therapeutics.

A study was conducted to find out the best management practice on sesame HT-2 variety against A catalaunalis at the Research Farm of Oilseeds Section, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCSHAU, Hisar during kharif, 2016 and 2017. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with twelve treatments viz., T1- Quinalphos 25% EC @ 2L/ ha; T2- NSKE @ 5% spray; T3- Neem oil @ 2%; T4- Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki @ 1 kg/ ha; T5- First spray of NSKE @ 5% followed by second spray of quinalphos @ 2L/ ha; T6- First spray of neem oil @ 2% followed by second spray of quinalphos @ 2l/ ha; T7- First spray of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki @ 1 kg/ ha followed by second spray of quinalphos @ 2l/ ha; T8 - Intercrop with cluster bean (3:1); T9 - Intercrop with pearl millet (3:1); T10 - Intercrop with cluster bean (3:1) + two sprays of quinalphos; T- Intercrop with pearl millet (3:1) + two sprays of quinalphos; T12 - Untreated control. Observations were made on A catalaunalis larval count before and 5, 10 and 15 days after spray, flower and pod damage at flowering and pod formation stage, respectively. Seed yield at time of harvest was also observed and the data obtained subjected to ANOVA after suitable transformations. Yield obtained was analyzed by paired ‘t’ test. Pooled data revealed that maximum reduction in larval counts was found in treatment sesame intercropped with pearl millet+2 sprays of quinalphos (86.77%) followed by sesame intercropped with cluster bean+ 2 sprays of quinalphos (76.49%) and sesame with 2 sprays of quinalphos (74.99%). Minimum flower (4.45%) and pod damage (3.07%) were observed with the treatment sesame intercropped with pearl millet+ 2 sprays of quinalphos. Maximum seed yield (887.10 kg/ ha) and benefit cost ratio (1.88:1) was observed with sesame intercropped with pearl millet with two sprays of quinalphos. This treatment was found to be the most effective, and thus, sesame intercropped with pearl millet can be incorporated with two sprays of quinalphos for best cost benefits.

Diet maintains health by regulating host metabolism and immunity. The results revealed the consequence of starch-, unsaturated fat-, and saturated fat-rich diets on differentially immune-biased mice C57BL/6 and BALB/c. Time-course of various diets on differentially immune-biased mice revealed that starch-rich and unsaturated fat-rich diets reduced insulin resistance (IR) and visceral adiposity in BALB/c mice while a saturated fat-rich diet enhanced both parameters. In C57BL/6 mice, a fat-rich diet enhanced IR with time while visceral adiposity remained unchanged. Eight weeks' consumption of saturated fat-rich diet induced highest visceral adiposity in C57BL/6 mice, while the same diet resulted in the maximum IR in BALB/c mice. The current report presented a detailed metabolomic analysis of diets and evaluated differential index of each treatment for each mouse strain using a vector analysis of the multivariate linear discriminant data. The outcome identified metabolites that affected lipid and glucose metabolism to establish the inter-strain physiological differences.

Lesch Nyhan Syndrome (LNS) is a rare hereditary disorder with an incidence of 1 in 380,000.It is a condition characterized by neurological and behavioral abnormalities and uric acid over production in the body. The authors here report a case where developmental delay, a common presentation was complicated by presence of pathological jaundice in neonatal period. It was further complicated by parents shifting to another country and lost to follow up. By the time case was diagnosed and parental counseling was done, mother was already pregnant and 20 weeks into her 2ndpregnancy and abortions were prohibited by law in that country. It is unfortunate that 2ndchild is also a male child who is affected. &nbsp