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BACKGROUND: In this study, we aimed to examine the telomerase activity and hTERT gene expression in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and those with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) and compare the results to controls. Additionally, we compared overall mortality rates relative to the telomerase activity. METHODS: A total of 211 patients (78 ACS and 71 SCAD patients) were included in the study. The telomerase concentration was measured by ELISA and used to determine telomerase activity. The hTERT gene expression was determined by real-time PCR. RESULTS: The serum telomerase enzyme concentration was lower in ACS (36.61 ± 1.54) and SCAD (36.79 ± 1.57) when compared to the control group (37.03 ± 2.25). However, this difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.890). The hTERT gene expression acting in telomerase enzyme synthesis was 2.7-fold lower in ACS group (p = 0.070) and 2.2-fold lower in the SCAD group (p = 0.101) compared to the control group. Patients were followed for a median of 32 months (minimum: 0.1, maximum: 46.8). The serum telomerase concentrations in patients who died and those survived in the SCAD group (35.98 ± 2.02 vs 36.86 ± 1.52 ng/ml, respectively; p = 0.529) were similar to those in the ACS group (36.39 ± 1.08 vs 36.63 ± 1.60 ng/ml, respectively p = 0.993). CONCLUSIONS: In the current study, telomerase activity or hTERT expression was similar in patients with ACS, SCAD, and controls. Moreover, telomerase activity was not associated with all-cause mortality during the 32-month follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Arterial stiffness, which is a measure of the elasticity of the arteries, is also a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases and its measurement is important for evaluating the atherosclerosis process. The purpose of this cross‐sectional study to investigate whether severe periodontitis in short‐term type 2 diabetes may be associated with increased cardio‐ankle vascular index (CAVI) values specified for subclinical atherosclerosis risk. Methods: A total of 136 subjects, including 69 subjects with short‐term type 2 diabetes (35 with severe periodontitis and 34 with periodontally healthy) and 67 systemically healthy subjects (32 with severe periodontitis and 35 with periodontally healthy) were enrolled to this study. Assessment of all participants included in this study in terms of arterial stiffness was determined by CAVI. Serum fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), triglyceride (TRG), high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC) and C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels were calculated using standard methods. Full mouth periodontal measurements were recorded. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between periodontal parameters and mean CAVI values of the groups. Results: Mean CAVI levels were significantly higher in diabetic and periodontitis group compared to the other study groups (p <.05). In diabetes and periodontitis group, CAVI was showed positive correlations with CRP (r =.337, p =.048) and HbA1c (r =.442, p =.008). Also, positive significant correlations were found with probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) in the periodontitis groups. Multiple regression analysis revealed that CAL independently predicted CAVI levels in periodontitis groups (β =.433, p =.019 in diabetes and periodontitis groups and β =.57, p =.001 in systemically healthy and periodontitis group respectively). Conclusion: This is the first study investigating the association between severe periodontitis and CAVI in patients with short‐term diabetes. Our findings suggest that severe periodontitis may be an intermediate factor in the pathway between type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease by increasing the arterial stiffness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Medical Biochemistry is the property of Society of Medical Biochemists of Serbia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: The association of metabolic abnormalities and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) has been documented, but few studies have focused on cardiovascular risk in these women. The aim of this study was to compare arterial stiffness by using the cardio‐ankle vascular index (CAVI) in PCOS women with controls, and to evaluate whether any clinical or laboratory variables had independent associations with it. Methods: A group of 160 women, matched for age and body mass index were recruited. Diagnosis of PCOS was made according to the Rotterdam criteria. Arterial stiffness using CAVI was evaluated in non‐obese young woman, with and without PCOS. Results: In the PCOS group (n = 80), 60 cases (75%) had findings of hyperandrogenism, 59 (73.8%) had ovulatory dysfunction, and 70 (87.5%) had an ultrasonographic appearance of polycystic ovaries. Women with PCOS had significantly higher mean CAVI values when compared to subjects without PCOS (5.78 ± 0.64 vs 5.28 ± 0.77, P < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed that androgen excess was associated with increased arterial stiffness, independent of ovulatory dysfunction, polycystic ovaries, body mass index and age. Conclusion: This data suggests that vascular compliance is decreased in young women with PCOS. Androgen excess is independently associated with increased arterial stiffness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a rarely seen syndrome that may present with prolonged QT interval and T wave abnormalities in the electrocardiogram (ECG) that may cause ventricular arrhythmia attacks and has a mortal course may be presented with. Prevention of arrhythmic complications is of great importance in the anaesthesia induction and maintenance of these patients. However, in routine preoperative evaluation, patients with prolonged QT can often be overlooked. In this study of ours, we evaluated the frequency of LQTS, the demographic characteristics of patients, and the reasons for requesting cardiology consultations in the preoperative ECGs. Method: The preoperative ECGs of patients scheduled for elective operation in our hospital between March 1,2019 and March 1,2020 were analysed retrospectively. Patients whose duration of QTc was ≥480 ms in women and ≥460 ms in men were defined as LQTS.Preoperative outpatient clinic data and cardiology consultation were evaluated using the protocol numbers of these patients. The demographic and clinical features of the patients were analysed. Results: Among the ECGs obtained in the pre-operative period, LQTS was detected in 45 patients, 13 women and 32 men. It was found that only n=25(55.6%) patients were requested for cardiology consultation. When the reasons for the request for cardiology consultation were examined, it was observed that the most frequent indication for consultation was organizing antiaggregant treatment and for examination of acquired heart diseases due to advanced age (n=7, 28% and n=6, 24%, respectively). It was observed that cardiology consultation was not requested for any patient due to LQTS. Conclusion: In the analysis, it was found that the frequency of requesting cardiology consultation was relatively low in patients with LQTS, and consultation was requested for elderly patients with lower exercise capacity under antiplatelet-anticoagulant treatment who were generally followed by the cardiology clinic. Since LQTS is a condition that can be overlooked especially when due attention is not paid, there is a need to increase attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In this study, we aimed to examine the telomerase activity and hTERT gene expression in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and those with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) and compare the results to controls. Additionally, we compared overall mortality rates relative to the telomerase activity., Methods: A total of 211 patients (78 ACS and 71 SCAD patients) were included in the study. The telomerase concentration was measured by ELISA and used to determine telomerase activity. The hTERT gene expression was determined by real-time PCR., Results: The serum telomerase enzyme concentration was lower in ACS (36.61 ± 1.54) and SCAD (36.79 ± 1.57) when compared to the control group (37.03 ± 2.25). However, this difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.890). The hTERT gene expression acting in telomerase enzyme synthesis was 2.7-fold lower in ACS group (p = 0.070) and 2.2-fold lower in the SCAD group (p = 0.101) compared to the control group. Patients were followed for a median of 32 months (minimum: 0.1, maximum: 46.8). The serum telomerase concentrations in patients who died and those survived in the SCAD group (35.98 ± 2.02 vs 36.86 ± 1.52 ng/ml, respectively; p = 0.529) were similar to those in the ACS group (36.39 ± 1.08 vs 36.63 ± 1.60 ng/ml, respectively p = 0.993)., Conclusions: In the current study, telomerase activity or hTERT expression was similar in patients with ACS, SCAD, and controls. Moreover, telomerase activity was not associated with all- cause mortality during the 32-month follow-up (Tab. 3, Fig. 1, Ref. 29).

Background and Aim: Pulmonary pulse transit time (pPTT) is a new marker of pulmonary hypertension (PH), which shows the time needed for the pulse wave to propagate from the right ventricular outflow tract to the left atrium (LA), but the relationship between pPTT and diastolic-LA function is almost unknown. In this study, we investigated the relationship between pPTT and LA-diastolic functions without PH., Materials and Methods: One hundred and fifty-six patients were included in this prospectively designed study. Comprehensive echocardiographic evaluation was performed and pPTT was recorded as the time from the beginning of the R-wave on the electrocardiogram to the peak of the S-wave in the pulmonary veins., Results: We found a statistically significant correlation between LA total stroke volume, passive stroke volume, LA max area, LA volume (LAV) max and LA volume index (LAVi) max, and pPTT ( r = 0.263** P = 0.003, r = 0.240** P = 0.007, ( r = 0.339** P < 0.001, r = 0.307** P < 0.001 r = 0.199*, P = 0.024, LA total stroke volume, passive stroke volume, LA max area, LAV max, LAVi max respectively). Heart rate (HRt) and LAVi were detected as independent predictors of pPTT (hazard ratio: -2.290 P < 0.001, 95% confidence interval (CI): -3.274-1.306, HR: 0.461, P = 0.028, 95% CI: 0.050-0.873, HRt and LAVi, respectively)., Conclusion: LAVi and HRt also affected pPTT. The dominant effect of HRt on pPTT should be considered in future studies. Larger studies are needed to determine the change and clinical significance of pPTT in left heart disease., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2022 Journal of Cardiovascular Echography.)