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The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of personality traits and emotional intelligence on school success. The study was conducted among 260 students (58 men and 202 women) in the fourth class of two high schools in the southern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina. A Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PFQue) was used to determine personality traits and a Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue) was used to measure emotional intelligence. Anxiety and self- sufficiency were found to be the most common traits among students. Tough-mindedness was significantly more evident in the group of students with an average grade of “excellent” in comparison to the students with an average grade of “good”. Sensitivity and tension were significantly more present among the students with an average grade of “good” in comparison to the students with an average grade of “excellent”. Tough-mindedness positively correlated, whilst anxiety, liveliness, sensitivity, apprehension, openness to change and tension negatively correlated with school success. There was no significant difference in emotional intelligence between the groups of students. According to our results, certain personality traits may have a significant influence, whilst the level of emotional intelligence has no impact on school success.

Introduction: Integrated care could be defi ned differently and that is why the following terms can be found in the literature: integrated health, coordinated care, comprehensive care, seamless care, or trans-mural care. It has become a worldwide trend in health care reforms and new organizational arrangements focusing on more coordination between professionals and institutions and integrated forms of care or service provision. The Agency for Quality and Accreditation in Health Care in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (AKAZ) is using accreditation standards as a tool for quality improvement process aiming to increase the capacity of health care institutions in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in order to provide safe and quality care for the citizens. In the Agency, it is fi rmly believed that a wisely set and well-organized integrated care can help health professionals deliver health care in accordance with patient needs and even expectations. Aim: The aim of the study was to fi nd out how to implement measures for integration of health care, to fi nd out whether there are any gaps in the health care system, and how to bridge to the application of the best solutions of integrated care in the city of Mostar and Herzegovina-Neretva Canton (HNC). Methods: In this paper, we used feedback and results from the workshop held at the Federal Public Health Institute in Mostar as part of lectures for participants of the course within the Integrated Health Care module held in June 2019. The Integrated Health Care module is part of the Continuous Professional Education for Health Managers in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Participants were experienced experts in different fi elds of medicine and pharmacists divided into two groups. Results: Participants identifi ed the most common problems for both primary and hospital physicians, such as unclear referral system to specialist examination, inappropriate patient expectations from primary care, lack of communication between primary care and hospital care, and inadequate use of clinical practice guidelines. To solve these problems, both groups stressed the importance of common strategy documents and guidelines, which should provide clear framework for cooperation and integration including levels of competence and service prices. Furthermore, effi cient information system is crucial for the integration or digitalization of, in strategy documents, agreed mechanisms of coordination and integration. Third, the growing proportion of elderly population should be taken in consideration, including the need of hospice and development of geriatric medicine in the Canton. Participants discussed and compared the results with feedback and results from three workshops held several years before. Discussion: The results of our study stressed the importance of better communication among different sectors, institutions and levels of health care involved in the treatment of patients, pointed to some measures for integration including standardized models of communication, training and education and highlighted priorities for integration. Analysis indicated the necessity for the following: regular analysis of unnecessary or inappropriate referrals and evaluation of such practices, as well as of any duplication of tests and prescriptions (failure to control costs); joint planning of preventive treatments (including the ministry and public health authorities); and clear responsibilities regarding screening programs and patient path analysis. Conclusions: Strong commitment of health care authorities and vision of integrated care and collaborative networks, as well as good communication and leadership were highlighted as key integrated care facilitators. Health care institutions at all levels of care have to organize multidisciplinary teams to work more on better and effective communication and to exchange information among key stakeholders in the system., Uvod: Integrirana skrb može se različito defi nirati i to je razlog zbog kojeg se u literaturi mogu naći sljedeći pojmovi: integrirano zdravlje, koordinirana njega, sveobuhvatna njega, besprijekorna njega ili transmuralna njega. Postala je svjetski trend u reformama zdravstva i novim organizacijskim aranžmanima koji su usredotočeni na veću koordinaciju između stručnjaka, institucija i pružatelja usluga. Agencija za kvalitet i akreditaciju u zdravstvu u Federaciji Bosne i Hercegovine koristi akreditacijske standarde kao alat za poboljšanje kvalitete s ciljem povećanja kapaciteta zdravstvenih ustanova u Federaciji Bosne i Hercegovine za pružanje sigurne i kvalitetne skrbi za građane. U Agenciji čvrsto vjeruju da mudro postavljena i dobro organizirana integrirana skrb može pomoći zdravstvenim radnicima da pruže zdravstvenu skrb u skladu s potrebama, pa čak i očekivanjima pacijenta. Cilj: Otkriti i analizirati kako se provode mjere za integraciju zdravstvene zaštite, postoje li nedostatci u zdravstvenom sustavu i kako ih premostiti za primjenu najboljih rješenja integrirane skrbi u gradu Mostaru i Hercegovačko-neretvanskoj županiji. Metode: U ovom smo radu koristili povratne informacije i rezultate radionice Federalnog zavoda za javno zdravstvo u Mostaru u sklopu predavanja za polaznike tečaja u okviru modula Integrirana zdravstvena zaštita održanog u lipnju 2019. Integrirani modul zdravstvene zaštite je dio kontinuiranog stručnog usavršavanja za zdravstvene menadžere u Federaciji Bosne i Hercegovine. Sudionici radionice bili su iskusni liječnici specijalisti različitih specijalnosti i farmaceuti podijeljeni u dvije skupine. Rezultati: Sudionici su odredili najčešće poteškoće za uspostavljanje integrirane zdravstvene zaštite kako za primarne, tako i za bolničke liječnike, a to su: nejasan sustav upućivanja na specijalistički pregled, neprimjereno očekivanje pacijenta od liječnika primarne zdravstvene zaštite, nedostatak komunikacijskog kanala između primarne i tercijarne bolničke skrbi i nedosljedna uporaba smjernica za kliničku praksu. Za rješavanje ovih problema obje skupine ističu važnost zajedničkih strateških dokumenata i smjernica koje bi trebale dati jasan okvir za suradnju i integraciju uključujući razinu stručnosti i cijene usluga. Nadalje, učinkovit informacijski sustav ključan je za integraciju ili digitalizaciju, u strateškim dokumentima, dogovorenih mehanizama koordinacije i integracije. Treće, potrebno je uzeti u obzir starenje populacije, nužne potrebe za hospicijima i razvoj gerijatrijske medicine u Županiji. Sudionici su raspravljali i uspoređivali svoje rezultate s povratnim informacijama i rezultatima ostalih triju istovjetnih radionica održanih ranijih godina. Rasprava: Rezultati naše studije istaknuli su važnost bolje komunikacije između različitih sektora, institucija i razina zdravstvene zaštite uključenih u liječenje pacijenata te istaknuli određene mjere integracije uključujući standardizirane modele komunikacije, obuke i obrazovanja te istaknute prioritete integracije. Analiza je ukazala na potrebu za sljedećim: redovitim analizama nepotrebnih ili neprikladnih uputnica i procjenom takve prakse, kao i podvostručenja testova i recepata (propust u kontroli troškova); zajedničko planiranje preventivnih tretmana i jasne odgovornosti u vezi s programima probira i analizom puta pacijenta. Zaključci: Snažna predanost zdravstvenih vlasti, vizija integrirane skrbi i suradničke mreže, kao i dobra komunikacija i vodstvo istaknuti su kao ključni pokretači integrirane skrbi. Zdravstvene ustanove sa svih razina skrbi moraju organizirati multidisciplinske timove koji će raditi na boljoj i učinkovitijoj komunikaciji i razmjeni informacija između ključnih dionika u sustavu.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the risk factors (age, obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, consumption of alchohol and drugs, positive family history, and exposure to sunlight), coping with stress, psychological well-being and age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). Forty patients with ARMD (case group) and 63 presbyopes (control group) participated in the study. Patient data were collected through general information questionnaire including patient habits, the COPE questionnaire that showed the way the patients handling stress, and the GHQ that analyzed the psychological aspects of their quality of life. These questionnaires were administered to the patients during ophthalmologic examination. The study involved 46 (44.66%) men and 57 (55.33%) women. Statistical analysis showed that the major risks for the development of ARMD were elevated cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL cholesterol in plasma. A significantly higher number ofARMD patients had a positive family history when compared with presbyopes. This study showed presbyopes to cope with emotional problems significantly better and to have a lower level of social dysfunction when compared with ARMD patients. However, it is necessary to conduct further studies in a large number of patients to determine more accurately the pathophysiological mechanisms of metabolic factors as well as the impact of the disease on the quality of life in patients with ARMD.

The aim of present study was to analyze early postoperative changes in the macular area using optical coherence to- mography (OCT) after uncomplicated glaucoma filtration surgery. This prospective study included 32 patients (34 eyes) with open-angle glaucoma, which underwent trabeculectomy with or without use of mitomycin C. Exclusion criteria were macular edema, uveitis, age-related macular degeneration, blurred optical media, secondary glaucoma and angle-clo- sure glaucoma. All standard clinical examinations were made before surgery, at the 2nd day, 1 week and 1 month after surgery. Tomography of the macula was performed during every examination using Cirrus HD OCT for the analysis of central subfield thickness. Results show that thickening of the macula was slightly higher 1 week and 1 month after op- eration in comparison with baseline end 2nd day postoperativelly. There was no significant difference in the change of macular thickness in patients who have used topical prostaglandins compared with those who have used other topical medications. Also, there was no difference in macular changes between patients treated with or without mitomycin C. In conclusion, we found a slight subclinical increase in macular thickness after uncomplicated trabeculectomy, for which we considered that was the result in reduction of intraocular pressure after glaucoma surgery. Macular thickening after glaucoma filtering surgery could be a physiological reaction to the stress of the retina caused by a sudden reduction of intraocular pressure and it is the consequence of altered relationship between capillary pressure and interstitial fluid pressure.

The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes after toric intraocular lens implantation for astigmatism correction in patients undergoing cataract surgery. This prospective observational study included eyes undergoing cataract surgery at Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center between February and September 2011. The study enrolled eyes that had visually significant cataract and preexisting regular corneal astigmatism of 1.50 D or greater. Phacoemulsification was performed and all eyes received an AT TORBITM 709 M toric foldable intraocular lens. At 3 months, the uncorrected distance visual acuity was 0.8 or better in 9 of 10 eyes. At 3 months postoperatively, the median reduction in refractive cylinder was statistically significant (P

The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes after toric intraocular lens implantation for astigmatism correction in patients undergoing cataract surgery. This prospective observational study included eyes undergoing cataract surgery at Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center between February and September 2011. The study enrolled eyes that had visually significant cataract and preexisting regular corneal astigmatism of 1.50 D or greater. Phacoemulsification was performed and all eyes received an AT TORBITM 709 M toric foldable intraocular lens. At 3 months, the uncorrected distance visual acuity was 0.8 or better in 9 of 10 eyes. At 3 months postoperatively, the median reduction in refractive cylinder was statistically significant (P

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinicoradiological entity presented with different symptoms such as visual disturbances, headaches, seizures, severe hypertension and altered mental status. It has been recognized in a different pathological conditions, although preeclampsia/eclampsia is the most common cause of PRES. The pathogenesis of PRES is still not fully understood, but it seems that failure of cerebrovascular autoregulation causing vasogenic edema, cerebral vasoconstriction, and disruption of the blood brain barrier plays an important role. Cortical blindness, hypertensive retinopathy, serous retinal detachment (SRD), central retinal artery and vein occlusions, retinal or vitreous hemorrhages, anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) and Purtscher’s retinopathy are ophthalmic disorders that may occur in PRES associated with preeclampsia. Among these, cortical blindness is the best documented complication of preeclampsia. Magnet resonance imaging (MRI) is a gold standard to establish the diagnosis of PRES because clinical findings are not sufficiently specific. Typically, there are bilateral cortical occipital lesions with hyperdensity on T2-weighted MRI. Blindness due to occipital lesions is reversible and the vision loss is usually regained within 4 h to 8 days.