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Although the literature on upselling has investigated different aspects of inducing upselling, there are limited discussions of the effect of past transactions on customers' acceptance of upsells. Building on the expectation-confirmation and reference dependence theories, this study utilized mixed-effect regression analysis to explore the extent to which customers' acceptance of upsells changes in response to their prior experience of unexpected gains via free upgrades. The results show that customers accept and spend more on upselling offers when they have experienced a free upgrade in a past transaction and that the effect of the free upgrade on upselling is positively moderated by the level of employee engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly embedded into service firms' operations. However, production systems and operations management scholars have not yet examined if AI-empowered service operations are positively judged by service customers. To bridge this gap, this study draws on the three-factor theory of customer satisfaction applied to online review data, to capture the effect of AI-empowered service operations on overall customer satisfaction, operationalised by means of online review ratings. Based on text analytics techniques applied to a sample of more than 50,000 TripAdvisor ORs covering 35 international hotels in Asia and America, we develop a penalty–reward contrast analysis. The findings reveal that the effects of customer interaction with mechanical AI on customer satisfaction with service operations are asymmetric: positive customer interaction with mechanical AI positively and significantly influences overall customer satisfaction with AI-empowered service operations, whereas negative customer interaction with mechanical AI does not significantly alter customer satisfaction. Taken together, these findings suggest that mechanical AI constitutes a key element of resilient AI-empowered service operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reflectively applies measurement tools to gage whether a renowned financier and champion of shareholder capitalism, in 20th century business history, might be categorized as a corporate psychopath. The article examines aspects of the career of the outstanding financial investment manager, Bernie Madoff. Psychopaths and corporate psychopaths are defined as background to the article. Gauges of corporate psychopathy and psychopathy are outlined which could be modified by market research companies to identify corporate psychopathy in organisations as a way of aiding investment decisions into such organisations. The current article concludes that insolvencies such as those at Madoff's investment company, have been distinguished by CEOs being present who were simultaneously the lauded agents of financial market capitalism and who embodied the traits of the corporate psychopath. The examination of potential corporate psychopaths using this historical methodology helps inform ideas about what the effects of psychopathic leadership may be within economies and gives new insights into the reasons for the greed, risk taking, and unethical practices found in financial markets. Findings support the accepted view that corporate psychopaths can be discovered in senior roles in the financial services sector. This current paper provides new avenues for research offerings from market research companies. For example, business to business researchers could undertake research to identify firms more likely to be longitudinally viable, sustainable and less likely to collapse (i.e., non-psychopathic firms). Investment companies like pension funds could use such research to identify firms that are less risky, more ethical, better led, and therefore safer to invest in. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is inspired by a challenging logistic problem encountered in the cleaning service sector. The company wishes to solve the consistent vehicle routeing problem over a three-month planning horizon. The company has a heterogeneous vehicle fleet to guarantee multiple frequencies of visits to its customers. The objective is to minimise the number of vehicles used and the total distance travelled. This problem is a generalisation of the periodic vehicle routeing problem. We decompose the problem into two sub-problems, namely, the planning and routeing optimisation sub-problems. We construct a mathematical model for the former and a large neighbourhood search for the latter. We evaluate the performance of our approach using the results of the industrial partner and instances from the literature on problems that are closely related to our case study. Our approach is found to be effective and robust. Our results outperform the existing company's plan in terms of solution quality, and staff convenience, and speed. We also discovered new best solutions on some of the instances from the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study draws on 214 in-depth interviews with frontline Israeli workers providing services in the public sector to investigate whether organizational embeddedness helps individuals living in poverty accumulate resources from public organizations in times of reduced government support. Findings show that public sector workers provide clients with informal, personal resources that allow better coping with poverty. Beyond local, short-term assistance, these personal resources are provided in the hopes of strengthening trust among low-income populations, thereby achieving long-term improved well-being and social inclusion. Findings expose new dimensions in the relations between organizations and their low-income clients, as well as the importance of organizational embeddedness in coping with poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Domestic workers used to be treated virtually as members of the family in South Asian contexts, with much evidence of various forms of exploitation. Presently, the increasing prevalence of formal patron–client dynamics among part-time domestic labourers in urban India takes specific hybrid forms that require further research. The article examines to what extent efforts to establish purely commercial arrangements in the domestic service sector may avoid traditional forms of exploitation. Or do more formal professional relationships still tend to benefit employers more, allowing them to assign additional tasks without offering corresponding extra benefits? The findings identify that establishing and maintaining purely professional relationships remains challenging in India due to deep-rooted ethical and cultural considerations and adaptability issues. Employers often unwittingly perpetuate traditional personalised domestic work settings. The article shows how both sides in this complex relationship struggle to identify and practice new modalities of fair interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper employs the system generalised method of moments approach and panel data of Chinese resource‐based cities at the prefecture level for the period of 2003–2019 to investigate the effects of two types of service sector agglomeration on industrial structure dynamics. The results show that an increase in 'specialised agglomeration' of services would inhibit industrial structure rationalisation and upgrading. However, an increase in 'diversified' agglomeration of services promotes industrial structure upgrading though it also inhibits industrial structure rationalisation. Furthermore, it is also found that an increase in diversified agglomeration would inhibit industrial structure rationalisation in eastern cities and industrial structure upgrading in western cities but promote industrial structure rationalisation and upgrading in central cities. These insights suggest the importance of fostering the appropriate form of service sector agglomeration within resource‐based cities. Leveraging the synergistic linkages between the service sector and other industries could enhance the industrial structure optimisation of resource‐based urban economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As firms increasingly uncover their activities to key stakeholders through various media, the perception of these activities is becoming more important for firm performance. Traditionally, access to industry-wide databases provides important metrics on customer perceptions of performance, such as customer satisfaction and brand equity. In addition, numerous studies have highlighted firms' innovation-related actions (e.g., R&D spending and patent counts) as critical metrics linked to their financial performance. Perceived Firm Innovation (PFI) emerges as a relatively new and under-studied metric with the potential to impact a firm's financial success. Keiningham et al. are among the pioneers in this area. This commentary views their article as a vital initial step in understanding PFI's impact. Considering that the service sector accounts for over 70 percent of the GDP in any developed country, service innovation is a broad phenomenon. Given the breadth of the area, we point to the challenge of capturing this phenomenon with a single metric like PFI. We also discuss crucial methodological considerations for future research, including estimation methods, sample size, and financial metrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With public and private clients in the construction industry increasingly using social procurement to achieve their social responsibility goals, it is important to develop theory-informed approaches for understanding how and to what extent social procurement creates social value. The research presented in this article uses social determinants of health (SDOH) theory to develop a case study of an employment-focused social procurement initiative in Australia's construction industry. The case study shows how the employment-focused social procurement initiative used cross-sector intermediation to alleviate structural barriers to employment, including siloing in the employment services sector, unsupported pathways from training into employment in construction, and negative stereotypes of people who face structural barriers to employment. Using SDOH theory, the paper frames these barriers to employment as 'upstream' and 'midstream' structural determinants of health inequities. The research finds that the initiative's impacts on determinants of health inequities are enabled and limited by commercial factors including project location and duration, status of the principal contractor, and insider knowledge of timing and requirements of new jobs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of affiliate marketing strategies as a tool for increasing customers' engagement and vulnerability over financial services. This is attempted by examining the connection between affiliate marketing factors and customers' brand engagement and vulnerability metrics. Design/methodology/approach: The authors developed a three-staged methodological context, based on the 7 most known centralized payment network (CPN) firms' website analytical data, which begins with linear regression analysis, followed by hybrid modeling (agent-based and dynamic models), so as to simulate brand engagement and vulnerability factors' variation in a 180-day period. The deployed context ends by applying the cognitive modeling method of producing heatmaps and facial analysis of CPN websites to the selected 47 vulnerable website customers, for gathering more insights into their brand engagement. Findings: Throughout the simulation results of the study, it becomes clear that a higher number of backlinks and referral domains tend to increase CPN firms' brand-engaged and vulnerable customers. Research limitations/implications: From the simulation modeling process, the implication for backlinks and referral domains as factors that enhance website customers' brand engagement and vulnerability has been highlighted. A higher number of brand-engaged website customers could mean that vulnerable categories of customers would be impacted by CPNs' affiliate marketing. Improving those customers' knowledge of the financial services utility is of utmost importance. Practical implications: The outcomes of the research indicate that online banking service providers can increase their customers' engagement with their brands by adopting affiliate marketing techniques. To avoid the increase in customers' vulnerability, marketers should aim to apply affiliate marketing strategies to domains relevant to the provided financial services. Originality/value: The paper's outcomes provide a new approach to the literature, where the website customer's brand engagement comes out as a valuable metric for estimating online banking sector customers' vulnerability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper mainly studies the collaborative operation of a cross-border e-commerce supply chain composed of manufacturers, e-commerce platforms and foreign warehouses. Firstly, the decision models of transnational e-commerce enterprises based on decentralized, centralized, and hybrid modes are established. The sensitivity of the contract and each determining variable is analyzed using the simulation method. Through the joint contract of "revenue sharing + volume discount," the production efficiency of the enterprise and the logistics service of the international warehouse can be improved. The genetic algorithm combined with simulated annealing was adopted. Finally, a concrete example is given to verify the feasibility of the proposed method. The results show that the member departments can work together better under centralized decision-making compared to the decentralized management mode. Manufacturers to increase production capacity and improve the level of logistics services in overseas warehouses will help improve the profitability of cross-border e-commerce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of carbon emission reduction, both servitization and digitalization of manufacturing enterprises are important ways to promote the high-quality development of manufacturing enterprises. The coordinated development of digitalization and servitization may provide a feasible path for enterprises to realize energy conservation and emission reduction across the value chain. Based on the 393 valid questionnaires issued by the Association of Manufacturing Enterprises and government agencies, this paper uses the methods of Grey Relational Analysis and Topsis to construct three major indicator systems of manufacturing enterprise service, digitalization and high-quality economic development. Based on the Cobb–Douglas production function regression analysis, the relevant assumptions involved in the model of promoting the service of manufacturing enterprises and the model of promoting the digitalization of manufacturing enterprises are verified. The empirical results show that, firstly, the digitalization capability of manufacturing enterprises can positively affect the servitization performance of manufacturing enterprises. Secondly, the digital capability of manufacturing enterprises has a significant positive impact on both breakthrough service innovation and incremental innovation of manufacturing enterprises. Thirdly, breakthrough service innovation and incremental service innovation play a partial mediating role. Fourthly, the degree of servitization of manufacturing enterprises has a significant positive impact on the digital demand of supporting customer behavior service business and supporting customer product service. There are three possible contributions of this paper. Firstly, it has further enriched and deepened the research on the interactive mechanism of digitalization and service of manufacturing enterprises. The second is to design a scientific and systematic evaluation system for the digitalization and service level of Chinese manufacturing enterprises, and measure and evaluate the coupling and coordination level of digitalization and service level of Chinese manufacturing enterprises based on this. Thirdly, it reveals the promotion of the coordinated development of digitalization and service in manufacturing enterprises to the high-quality development of manufacturing enterprises in China and puts forward that the coordinated development of digitalization and service in manufacturing enterprises is a way to promote the high-quality development of manufacturing enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines institutional voids as a possible impediment to harnessing and articulating the contributions of social enterprises towards the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in South Africa. It focuses on municipalities as sites for the implementation of development goals and the services of social enterprises. The findings show that institutional voids in the Integrated Development Plan which stem from the Constrained Development Focus of municipalities manifest in a Deficient Sector Engagement and Deficient Accountability for social entrepreneurship. These run counter to the policy and institutional coherence that is needed to successfully implement the SDGs. There is, therefore, a need to rethink the IDP process and incorporate the services of social enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Background Method Results Conclusion We assess how the distribution of parents across firms contributes to parenthood wage gaps in a low‐wage US labor market and examine the role of understudied compensating differentials relevant to precarious work.In the United States, parenthood drives a wedge in wages, as mothers often earn less than women without children, whereas fathers typically earn more than men without children. Firms bear influence over setting wages and sorting workers, yet firms are largely omitted from research on parental wage gaps in the United States.We draw on novel employer–employee matched data on 74,086 hourly service‐sector workers to decompose parental wage gaps into their within‐ and between‐firm components. We leverage uniquely rich data on compensating differentials to test if they sort parents across firms.We found that mothers are overrepresented in lower‐wage firms, accounting for 68% of mothers' wage gap. In contrast, fathers' wage gap accrued within firms. We found limited evidence that compensating differentials, even schedule quality, produce parental wage gaps.We show for the first time that in a major US industry, mothers are segregated in low‐paying firms compared to women without children, while fathers are paid more than men without children in the same firms. Our findings largely do not tell a story of parents voluntarily choosing between wages and job quality, instead calling for more research on firm practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractMicro-enterprises (MEs) are important players in job creation and global economic development. However, in developing countries, most fail to realise their growth potential due to challenges that include informality and a lack of quality human capital. The internet, by increasing information flows and reducing transaction costs, can help MEs to develop. This study assesses the effect of the internet on MEs’ performance in the service sector in Togo, using a large sample of 23,542 observations from the latest General Census of Businesses (RGE, 2017–2018), and exposes related channels and mechanisms. We find that MEs that adopt and use the internet are more productive than those that do not. This result remains robust to different regression methods such as instrumental variables and treatment-effects estimations. Complementary analyses show the positive effect of internet channels through applications such as e-mail, websites and e-business. We also find evidence that MEs with a Fixed internet connection perform better than those with a Mobile internet connection. Our investigations also yield interesting results regarding Togolese regions, service sub-sectors, managers’ characteristics and MEs’ status. This article thus highlights the need to promote digital development to enhance MEs’ performance in Togo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will discuss ALIA NGAC’s explorations of the impact of mandatory employment requirements within the library and information services sector, with a focus on the challenges faced by new generation professionals. Using a qualitative research approach, we uncovered the real-life experiences faced by individuals encountering hidden barriers to employment, particularly those related to drivers licence requirements and the need to work across multiple locations. In late 2023, we conducted a survey which allowed respondents to express their feelings about these requirements and offer suggestions for how the library and information services sector could address them. Our findings reveal that these requirements often act as exclusionary barriers, especially for individuals with disabilities, leading to difficulties in job applications, the burden of disclosing disabilities, and feelings of underrepresentation and discrimination. Our research has identified several pathways to alleviate the impact of these mandatory employment requirements, fostering a more inclusive and equitable workforce in the LIS sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effective innovation policymaking critically relies on monitoring innovation. An emerging literature suggests that trademarks could help measure a larger share of innovations than when only utilizing patents, particularly for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This study establishes when trademarks improve the measurement of innovation compared to solely relying on patents as innovation metrics, by examining the propensity to use trademarks for non-patented innovations from SMEs. We collected multiple original samples of innovations from Dutch SMEs and assessed the extent to which trademarks and/or patents were filed for those innovations. Our results show that trademarks can improve innovation measurement for SMEs, particularly in scale-intensive and supplier-dominated industries and in some service industries—areas where patent propensities are low. Our results bear implications for monitoring innovation and evaluating science, research, and innovation policy. Overall, by combining trademark and patent data, the number of measured innovations by SMEs increases approximately by a relative of 51.8 per cent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food waste (FW) is the decrease in the mass of edible food during retail, food service, and final consumption. In recent years, research related to this topic has spread. However, there are still few references about food waste in the service sector in developing countries, which is a concern for three reasons: first, due to the overgrew of food consumption out of the home before the COVID-19 pandemic; secondly, due to the interest in carrying out this research at the local level avoiding regional or global generalizations and, finally for the nutritional implications derived from this research. With this background, this paper fills this gap and aims to evaluate food waste in the service sector, concretely in higher education cafeterias and canteens (HECC). Our specific objectives include obtaining information on the causes of FW in HECC in Santiago (Chile) using approximation methods that are better suited to the purposes of this paper. The study employed the qualitative research paradigm to analyze primary data and comprises a structured questionnaire survey and a qualitative semi-structured interview of HECC managers. Non-probabilistic sampling was used as a convenience sampling technique to select the HECC to be surveyed (n = 17). The results show a total FW by year comprised 309 tons of FW generated in the higher education canteens surveyed and 115 tons generated in the higher education cafeterias surveyed, representing 425 tons of FW annually. Divided by the total FW by the working days of HECC, the average FW generated daily is 1381 kg, corresponding to 1005 kg per day in higher education canteens and 376 kg per day in higher education cafeterias. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism operations and businesses depend on various indicators defining their competitiveness and ecoefficiency. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is one of the tools widely recognized for evaluating the performance and benchmarking of the tourism industry domain sectors and services. Over time, the DEA methodology application has witnessed different interactions and inter-connectedness across the tourism sector. Through a systematic literature review and historiography using the HistCite™ tool, the study highlighted the trends and associations across the tourism management research. This will help contribute to the knowledge domain in this area, helping to understand the trends and define the path for DEA model application in tourism research. The results depict the scope of the DEA model's application in environmental and sustainability performance evaluations in tourism management. Study results will be of great significance for researchers formulating methodologies and strategies for sustainable tourism considering the current global environmental challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Contaduría y Administración is the property of Facultad de Contaduria y Administracion-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The advancement of information and communication technologies (ICT) in Caucasian countries has begun to have an impact on the service sector. ICT has made many firms in the service sector more competitive and innovative, enabling them to achieve high productivity at a low cost. These effects of ICT in the service sector can lead to economic growth and development in Caucasian countries. This study examines the impact of information and communication technologies on service exports in Caucasian countries. The time period covering 2003-2022 is analyzed using time series. Given the differences in internet infrastructure, internet access, and internet availability across each country, a distinct ICT indicator is utilized for each country. The empirical findings reveal that fixed telephony contributes to service exports in Azerbaijan, service exports are influenced by individual internet usage rates in Georgia, and mobile telephony plays a role in service exports in Armenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, technological developments are starting to become more rapid and have changed so many aspects of human life, including in the business sector. One small example is making it easier for human resources to manage data and making it easier to measure the company's level of achievement. This has a big impact on companies operating in the service sector such as the Estoh company. This research aims to design a sales tracking information system that can monitor the performance of the sales team in the field and minimize falsification of reports, make it easier for admins to make sales performance recapitulation reports every weekend, and utilize the sophistication of QR codes to simplify the process of making sales reports to admins. This research uses a qualitative approach by collecting data through observation and interviews with the CEO of the Estoh Jember company as well as conducting a literature study of previous journals related to the research. Based on the results of this research, show that designing a sales tracking information system is very helpful for developers in realizing a system that can monitor the performance of the sales team in real-time so that problems in the field can be resolved quickly, making it easier to create sales performance recapitulation reports with the accumulated results of organized sales reports. Well by the system, and makes the process of creating sales reports easier with the help of a QR code. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital investment determines enterprises' internal resource structure and drives them from traditional to digital business models, increasing the difficulty and risk of external audits. This study empirically examines the impact of an enterprise's digital investment on auditor choice to clarify the impact of digital businesses on external audits. We find a positive association between enterprises' digital investment and their propensity to hire Big Four auditors, suggesting that digital investment leads to an increased demand for high-quality audit services from enterprises. This positive effect is more pronounced in enterprises with more complex businesses, high degrees of earnings management, and high degrees of the digital economy in their location. Additional analysis suggests that enterprises with digital investments that hire Big Four auditors have lower audit delay and higher audit quality. The findings provide empirical evidence for improving subsequent digital transformation and audit quality in emerging markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Economic Administrative & Legal Sciences is the property of Arab Journal of Sciences & Research Publishing (AJSRP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The aim of the article is to assess the level of development of the cultural and creative sector in Poland in comparison with selected European countries. Design/methodology/approach: To assess the level of development of the cultural and creative sector, the Hellwig development pattern method and the Ward's agglomerative clustering method were used. A synthetic indicator was developed based on selected diagnostic features, which was used to create a ranking of European countries according to the level of development of the cultural and creative sector. Subsequently, using a dendrogram, countries were grouped based on the similarity of their features. Findings: The research results indicate variability in the development of the cultural and creative sector4countries were classified into groups with very high, high, low, and very low levels of the synthetic indicator, and clusters of European countries with similar levels of development based on selected diagnostic features were identified. Poland is characterized by an average level of development in the cultural and creative sector. France is the leader in this regard. Research limitations/implications: This article is part of the ongoing research efforts to create coherent conceptual foundations for defining the cultural and creative sector and understanding its mechanisms of influence on the economy. The presented research may also contribute to further, more in-depth analyses of the impact of the cultural and creative sector on the socio-economic development of European countries. Originality/value: The article addresses the controversies among researchers regarding the so-called "economisation of culture." It highlights the increasing importance of the cultural and creative sector in the economy, referencing international studies in this field. Based on diagnostic features selected by the author, a synthetic indicator was constructed to assess European countries in terms of the development of the cultural and creative sector. The article identifies the leaders in this area and the gap between them and Poland. It also distinguishes clusters of countries with similar levels of development based on selected diagnostic features. The analyses focus on the economic role of the cultural and creative sector. The research findings are directed towards the public authorities of the European countries under study, particularly Poland. They may provide guidelines for creating and developing legal and economic solutions that facilitate the growth of the cultural and creative sector. These efforts are of particular importance in the context of rising social welfare, which creates demand for goods and services in this sector, and the increasing expansion of digital technologies and artificial intelligence in various areas of socio-economic life, including creative work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digital transformation age introduces cybersecurity threats into the hospitality industry by increasing the exposure and vulnerability of hospitality firms' data and systems to hackers. The hospitality industry is a diverse segment of the service sector dedicated to the provision of services in areas such as accommodation, food and beverage, travel and tourism, and recreation, including hotels, restaurants, bars, travel agencies, and theme parks. Cybersecurity risks in the hospitality industry affect the data and systems of businesses such as accommodation, food, travel, and entertainment, primarily enabled by the industry's increasing digitization. This study aims to map the principal cybersecurity risks to the main stakeholders by proposing a novel Picture Fuzzy Sets (PFSs)-based Matrix of Alliances and Conflicts: Tactics, Objectives, and Recommendations (MACTOR) approach. The purpose here is to examine each stakeholder's position towards handling cybersecurity attacks and estimate the uncertain nature of personal judgments of industry representatives when stating their point of view. The research aimed to extract the triggering positions of the defined cybercrime risks to reach the root cause of these risks, as the point to try to mitigate first. Thus, this paper contributes to the literature in both theoretical and practical ways by proposing a new approach and by providing real industry officials' perspectives to solve the challenges. A hospitality practitioner can easily understand their position in this service network and take action to prevent such cybercrimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban high-density development has led to the emergence of complex three-dimensional pedestrian networks. As a crucial component of city centers, these networks significantly influence the spatial distribution of service industries. Understanding the correlation between pedestrian networks and service industry layouts is vital for effective planning and development. This study proposes a technical framework for analyzing the relationship between three-dimensional pedestrian networks and service industry layouts. Using the Xinjiekou central area in Nanjing as a case study, we constructed a three-dimensional pedestrian network model using the sDNA method. Focusing on catering formats, we introduced a method to study the spatial distribution characteristics of service industries in three-dimensional spaces and employed a graph convolutional network model to systematically analyze the correlation between pedestrian network closeness and betweenness with catering formats. The results indicate that pedestrian network closeness is significantly positively correlated with the number and average spending of catering formats, while betweenness shows almost no correlation. High-closeness areas, due to their traffic convenience and walkability, are more conducive to the concentration of catering formats and higher spending levels. Our findings provide valuable insights for catering format location decisions and the optimization of three-dimensional pedestrian networks, contributing to sustainable urban development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper empirically investigates whether and how the level of GVC integration of a given market may explain the presence of foreign‐owned firms. Using firm‐level data from 28 European Union countries during the period 2008–2014, we provide evidence that a greater country‐sector‐level GVC participation, via both backward and forward linkages, exerts a positive effect on a firm's likelihood to receive FDI. These findings appear particularly strong for new EU Member States and services industries when looking at the differences across countries and sectors. Interestingly, when exploring the role of country‐sector position along the GVC, we find that FDI gains from backward GVC integration are more prominent if the markets are associated with the final stages of the supply chain, whereas those from forward GVC integration are greater when the markets are associated with the initial stages, in line with the smile curve hypothesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The business behavior towards innovation and its impact on the creation of new jobs of 113 firms in the Valencian Community (Spain) were analyzed between 2014 and 2020. The sample included manufacturing, services and trading enterprises; technological and non-technological companies; micro-, small, medium, and large enterprises; and locations across the entire geographical extent of the Valencian Community. The firms were divided into quartiles based on their level of employment growth, linearly correlating this variable with 14 innovation indicators for each of the resulting four groups, reflecting the innovative capacity of these firms. It was found that the factor linked to innovation capacity that most favors or drives business employment creation is co-operation with other companies, as it had a direct and significant relationship with the two highest growth groups (quartiles 4 and 3), with no negative relationship with either of the two lower growth groups (quartiles 2 and 1). This suggests that the public administration should increase efforts to create spaces for the exchange of ideas between companies and organizations to reduce unemployment levels. Overall, this study provides new insights into the subject, and its findings lead to the conclusion that firms with higher innovative capacity create more jobs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The imperative need of this hour is to measure the influence of high-performance work system (HPWS) research and comprehend its patterns as HPWS became more prevalent in service- oriented businesses. Underscoring this, authors aim to shed light on the publication trends and set the future research schema in the arena of HPWS with special reference to the service sector context. The study adopts a bibliometric approach as authors intend to identify and analyse the research breadth of HPWS research in the service context across the world, so that a statistical and analytical comprehensive overview of the research and suggestions for future directions can be provided. A portfolio of 262 articles was extracted from the Scopus database and various bibliometric techniques were used to analyse the collected research articles using "R" programming with biblioshiny web interface. The bibliometric results revealed the dynamics of research trends in HPWS service context studies, the most influential publications, authors, sources, the most productive countries, and affiliations. The citation analysis revealed the most cited scientific publications, and the countries from which most citations were received. Likewise, the thematic analysis revealed the underlying themes and patterns of HPWS service context studies that emerged with time. In such ways, this study contributes to the literature by depicting the intellectual landscape of HPWS research in the service context, that will be useful to the researchers, academicians, practitioners, policy makers and funding agencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Herz is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the post-economic reform period, the overall economic growth of West Bengal has been increasing. However, agricultural growth has become sluggish since the 1990s. The relatively low contribution of the secondary sector reveals an absence of a strong manufacturing base in the state. The high contribution of the tertiary sector indicates diversification and expansion of services. The time dimension for district-level analysis has been constricted by data availability. The inequality among the district is increasing, with a divergence of growth. Three development indices and a composite index reveal a significant disparity in development outcomes across districts between 2001 and 2013. The developmental gap between districts in the southern and northern parts of West Bengal has become prominent. JEL Codes: R11, 047, D63 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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We depart from the classic bundling literature on single-unit purchases and develop a multi-unit demand model in which customers decide both the variety and volume of their purchased products. We integrate product bundling with two commonly used usage-based pricing schemes in the service industry, pay-per-use and subscriptions, and examine pricing tactics that span both variety and usage. Our model captures customers' diminishing margins of consumption, and we demonstrate an intricate interplay between product variety and usage that enriches existing results on the dominance of pure bundling over component selling in the classic single-unit demand model. Specifically, with multi-unit demands, component selling can outperform pure bundling under pay-per-use, whereas the reversal is true under subscriptions. We also analyze mixed bundling (on either variety or usage) and nonlinear pricing, and demonstrate how to leverage these more advanced pricing schemes for better revenues. Our results provide novel insights into firms' bundling strategies jointly on variety and usage. Collectively, they highlight the critical role of the customer demand model (single-unit vs. multi-unit) in driving monopoly firms' strategic choice of product (un)bundling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the public comments submitted to the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), 2010–2014, in response to proposed rules for implementing the Dodd‐Frank reforms. By addressing a fine‐grained typology of commenting organizations to a topic model of the combined comments, we illuminate a new pattern of public engagement in financial regulation. Contrary to the economic concept of regulatory capture, our data show no sharp divide between the suppliers of complex derivatives (the dealer banks) and their customers in other parts of the finance industry. In keeping with the general concept of financialization—but contrary to its strongest versions—our data show distinctly delimited evidence of a convergence between the banks and other sectors. Instead of either capture or all‐embracing financialization, the comments submitted to the CFTC display an overriding opposition in the justifications used by commenters to explain their preferences. Commenters from the financial services and allied sectors consistently adopt a language of technical legitimation. Commenters in agriculture, livestock, retail energy, and many nonmarket organizations adopt a language of moral justification. The clarity of the divide between these two idioms indicates that the underlying purposes of new financial instruments are now being questioned. Even in the realm of esoteric financial instruments such as derivatives, the moral economy of market competition is once again subject to debate among market participants as well as observers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to investigate the effect of customer empowerment on their engagement on sharing platform in the retailing sector via the mediating role of service innovation and customer trust. This study utilized a quantitative design emphasizing mature theory research. The research sample consisted of 457 customers of sharing platform for the retailing sector, using a partial least square-structural equation model (PLS-SEM) for hypothesis testing. The result reveals that customer empowerment positively and significantly affects customer engagement directly and via service innovation as a mediating mechanism on the sharing platform. However, trust in the platform does not mediate this relationship. It is advisable to retailers on sharing platform to create a leading position in this market by enhancing customer engagement and promoting service innovation via customer empowerment. This paper develops a conceptual framework for customer engagement on sharing platform in the sharing economy via service innovation based on giving empowerment to customers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyzes the relationship between different types of proximities—network and spatial—in relation to innovation in the context of the R&D service industry. In doing so, it contributes to the recent debate in the literature on the effects of network connectivity versus geographical colocation. The paper uses original data from a survey of 145 R&D service establishments in Montreal (Canada) and their interactions with both local and nonlocal organizations. The findings of the paper indicate that collaborative networks (both local and nonlocal) have a stronger association with R&D service innovation than spatial proximity to R&D service organizations and other collaborators. However, when these two dimensions are interacted, they are shown to function as substitutes. The paper also demonstrates that the relationship between spatial proximity and networking varies across three dimensions: local versus nonlocal networking, the type of relationship (client, supplier, competitor, and research institutes and university), and the type of network connectivity—brokerage versus closure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the impact of insurance services and the sustainability of businesses in the Nigerian informal sector. The analysis relies on extant literature sourced from various sources to develop an understanding of the current trends of insurance services in the Nigerian informal sector and develop a suggested model for improved insurance service delivery in the Nigerian informal sector. Findings show that stakeholder commitment is necessary for better impact of insurance services in the sector. The conclusion emphasizes the possibility of business sustainability through consolidated insurance services among stakeholders in the sector. Part of the suggestion for further research is the need for a wider focus on insurance practices both in the formal and informal sectors of the Nigerian economy. This is coupled with an exploratory view on the impact of policy development on insurance support to business activities in the Nigerian informal sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of the "dual carbon goals" and intensified international manufacturing competition, the green and high-end transformation of manufacturing is the direction for the industry's future growth in China. The study discusses the effect of producer service industry co-agglomeration and manufacturing on the transformation of manufacturing into being green and high-end. Firstly, we systematically elaborate on the mechanism of the collaborative promotion of high-end manufacturing by the service and manufacturing industries and propose research hypotheses. Based on the 2010 to 2020 Hunan Provincial Statistical Yearbook data, we used the coupling coordination model and entropy method to calculate the level of collaborative development between the manufacturing and service industry, as well as the level of green high-end development in the manufacturing industry. Lastly, the specific impact of the synergistic effect of the two industries on the green high-end transformation of the manufacturing industry was analyzed using the dynamic panel regression model. Results found that service industry manufacturing synergy has a noteworthy positive driving effect on the green and high-end transformation of manufacturing. However, the impact varies across different service industries and manufacturing sectors with different technological levels. We also provide some implications for improving transformation efficiency in the green and high-end manufacturing industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Indonesia has an executive section implementing public diplomacy, but does not yet have the characteristics of public diplomacy to be carried out, does not yet have a priority goal on the image that will be achieved by public diplomacy. Tourism is one of Indonesia's strong identities, but a strong image of Indonesian tourism has not yet emerged, which should be a priority, Indonesian tourism is not only limited to many tourist attractions, of course. Public diplomacy can be utilized to support the image of tourism, but it will not reach the optimal target, if the country does not know the instruments and characteristics of its public diplomacy. If Indonesia's public diplomacy is not optimized through a grand strategy, there is no certain modeling, then the great potential in Indonesia's public diplomacy instruments, for example diaspora, culture, and tourism itself, will not be optimally utilized Purpose: This research aims to map the characteristics of Indonesian public diplomacy so as to produce public diplomacy modeling that can be applied with potential instruments to be used, especially in supporting Indonesia's tourism image Methods: The method in this research is based on qualitative data. Results: With the conceptual framework of public diplomacy, interview methods and literature studies, this research found that the characteristics of tourism to be developed in Indonesia are quality and sustainable tourism, with supporting instruments of digital components and Indonesian cultural characteristics. Conclusion: A clear and strategic approach to public diplomacy is essential to improving Indonesia's tourism image. By incorporating digital strategies and engaging both the diaspora and international influencers, Indonesia can better showcase its tourism potential on the global stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scholars have spent decades studying how environmental ("green") industry can promote sustainability. Few studies, however, have discussed corporate dynamics within green industry and their spatial interactions with other manufacturing and service industries. Drawing on the theoretical perspective of industrial value chain differentiation, this study unpacks the spatiotemporal dynamics of environmental enterprises by various types in China. We use the Wasserstein coagglomeration index and Poisson regression to identify the spatial coagglomeration of green and pollution-intensive ("brown") industries. The results show that (1) China's environmental industry is still in the early and middle stages of development with low and medium added value as the core; (2) green enterprises are mainly distributed in the eastern coastal areas and a few inland provinces with developed infrastructure; and (3) the entry and spatial distribution of equipment and engineering enterprises are highly correlated with local brown industries, whereas high-end service enterprises tend to concentrate in economically developed urban agglomerations. This research hopes to reveal the spatial characteristics of environmental industry in the regional green transition through the decomposition of its value chain and the analysis of the spatial coagglomeration effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on workplace bullying from the perpetrators' perspective is limited, leading to few interventions tailored to them. This gap stems from insufficient understanding of how organisational conditions and individual dispositions trigger or amplify perpetrator behaviour. To develop effective interventions in preventing bullying, perceived organisational factors were examined. This study, guided by the Job Demands–Resources (JD–R) model and the three-way model of workplace bullying (WB), aims to explore the effects of perceived (im)balances in the task or employee focus, social atmosphere (positive or negative), and hierarchical structure (high or low) in organisations on the incidence of WB, both in terms of perpetrator and target experiences. The research involved 1044 employees from multiple Spanish organisations and sectors: 51.7% in services, 24.6% in education, 14.5% in wholesale and retail trade, and 9.2% in manufacturing. The average age of participants was 35.43 years (SD = 10.9), with a female majority of 61.3%. Using a cross-sectional study design, the experiences of being a target and perpetrator were quantitatively assessed through validated WB target and perpetrator scales. Additionally, the study qualitatively examined employees' perceptions of their organisational context through free descriptions, using adjectives to depict their views. Correspondence analysis was employed to test the hypotheses, and the results affirmed them. The study found that perceived imbalances in organisational focus, social atmosphere, and hierarchy correlate with higher WB target and perpetrator reports, whereas balanced atmospheres correlate with no WB. This research underscores the significance of balanced organisational contexts in mitigating WB. It highlights a gap in the current literature regarding the broader organisational factors that influence bullying and advocates for a more in-depth understanding of these dynamics. Furthermore, it contributes to the existing body of knowledge by offering a comprehensive and harmonised approach to preventing WB, transcending isolated interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vanuatu has largely avoided the political violence seen elsewhere in Melanesia in the recent past. It has a small but successful tourist economy, based on its selling point as a tropical paradise. It has powerful cultural resources, in the form of Christianity and kastom, to bind its people together with a sense of belonging from a shared past and hope for a shared future. Vanuatu also has a well-earnt reputation for political fragmentation and instability, a topic which can raise strong emotions both inside Vanuatu and out. Our brief history of political instability in Vanuatu aims to put the present political situation into broader perspective by tracing different elements of instability over time. Our approach is informed primarily by the historical and ethnographic record itself and, rather than focusing narrowly on the splits and intrigues of political parties, we try to provide the broader sociocultural context from which Vanuatu's party politics emerged and that which it operates within. We thereby attempt to highlight the interconnections that exist between different forms of instability, political, religious, cultural, and otherwise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]