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2. Quality of life in patients surgically treated for oral carcinoma

Author

Petrović Anđelija, Keković Goran, Sekulić Slobodan, and Mojsilović Slavko

Subjects
oral cancer, quality of life, postsurgical recovery, stomatognathic function, Dentistry, RK1-715
Abstract

Background/Aim: The aim of this study was to examine quality of life in patients who were surgically treated for oral carcinoma. Material and Methods: The study included patients surgically treated over a 3-year period (2014-2016). Data on patients, tumor type and localization, disease status according to the TNM classification, type of surgical intervention and time since surgery were collected from the medical records. Postsurgery functional and aesthetic results were evaluated using the adapted University of Washington Quality of Life questionnaire. Results: Forty patients were included in the study. Male patients were more prevalent (27 vs 13) (ch2=4.225p1 year showed better mood (MannWhitney test, p=0.036, a=0.05), functions of speech (Mann-Whitney test p=0.008, a=0.05) and chewing (Mann-Whitney test p=0.04, a=0.05), as well as patients who had soft tissue surgery (chewing: Mann-Whitney test p=0.016, a=0.05; speech: Mann-Whitney test p=0.043, a=0.05). Patients with T1 stage tumors considered their looks less disfigured and had fewer problems in appearing in public, compared with patients with T3 and T4 stage (Dunn's test, CI -95%). Interest in sex was significantly diminished in patients older than 30 years (Kruskal-Wallis testa (p=0.013, a=0.05). Conclusions: The stage of disease, range of resection and success of reconstruction were decisive parameters for postoperative quality of life. Early detection of disease is of utmost importance for both survival and quality of life of patients with carcinoma.

Published
2023

5. The effects of nembutal on the intracerebellar EEG activity revealed by spectral and fractal analysis

Author

Stojadinović Gordana, Martać Ljiljana, Podgorac Jelena, Spasić Slađana Z., Petković Branka, Sekulić Slobodan, and Kesić Srđan

Subjects
nembutal, intracerebellar eeg, spectral analysis, fractal analysis, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

A detailed analysis of the anesthetic-induced modulation of intracerebellar electrical activity is an important step to understand the functional brain responses to anesthesia. We examined the electrical activity recorded from different cortical layers: molecular layer (ML), Purkinje cell layer (PCL), granular layer (GL) and the white matter (WM) in the vermian part of rat cerebellar lobule V during Nembutal anesthesia using spectral and fractal analysis. Spectral analysis revealed a difference in the mean relative power of delta (0.1-4.0 Hz) and theta (4.1-8.0 Hz) frequencies through the cerebellar layers. Compared to the ML, delta activity increased significantly in the GL, while theta activity decreased in the GL and the WM. Fractal analysis revealed that the mean value of Higuchi’s fractal dimension (HFD) increased, starting from the ML to the WM. Theta activity exhibited a negative correlation with the HFD value in the ML. In contrast, the gamma activity showed a positive correlation with the HFD value in the ML and the GL. The combined use of spectral and fractal analyses revealed that Nembutal displays different effects on rat cerebellar electrical activity, which largely depends on the neurochemical and electrophysiological organization of the cerebellar layers.

Published
2020
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6. Prenatal treatment with metronidazole induces cerebellar folia alteration in guinea pig fetuses

Author

Čapo Ivan Đ., Milenković Ivan J., Čapo Nataša P., Stilinović Nebojša P., Vukmirović Saša N., Teofilović Branislava D., Petković Branka B., and Sekulić Slobodan R.

Subjects
metronidazole, neurotoxicity, neuronal migration, cerebellum, foliation, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

The most sensitive period in brain development is during prenatal life. The use of antibiotics in pregnancy is still controversial. Recent studies revealed the high neurotoxic potential of the antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication, metronidazole. However, there are insufficient data from animal studies about prenatal treatment effects. We investigated the effect of prenatal treatment with metronidazole on cerebellar development in guinea pigs. Treatment with metronidazole was performed from the 42nd to the 49th day of gestation. On the 50th day of pregnancy, all dams were killed, and the cerebella of the fetuses were analyzed. Gross cerebellar changes characterized by malposition of the folia with partial atrophy were found in 12 of 19 fetuses in the experimental group, but in none of 20 control fetuses that received saline. The most affected were folia VII with depletion of the areal fraction of the external granular layer, molecular layer and the internal granular layer. Purkinje cells displayed cell distortion with loss of normal dendritic polarity. The investigation revealed cell depletion, with a disturbance of the cytoarchitectonic of the cerebellar cortex and folia alteration.

Published
2020
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7. Changes in mouse thymus after exposure to tube-restraint stress

Author

Drljača Jovana N., Vejnović Ana-Marija T., Miljković Dejan M., Popović Milan J., Rakić Dušica B., Sekulić Slobodan R., Čapo Ivan Đ., and Petković Branka B.

Subjects
immobilization, physical restraint, thymus, proliferation, apoptosis, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

The thymus is the primary lymphoid organ involved in the regulation of the immune and endocrine systems. It is particularly sensitive to various types of stress, which induce its atrophy. This study deals with the effect of repeated restraint stress on the weight, proliferation and apoptosis of the thymus in mice. During restraint, the animals were placed in 50-mL conical plastic tubes for 2 h every day for either 10 or 20 consecutive days. A significant reduction in thymus weight along with decreased cellularity and pronounced atrophy of the cortical part of the thymus was observed in animals exposed to repeated tube-restraint stress for 10 and 20 consecutive days. The observed changes in the thymus were the same, regardless of the number of days of exposure to stress. These findings provide a more comprehensive view of repeated tube-restraint, with special emphasis on its duration on stress-induced thymus atrophy. The presented findings could serve as a basis for further studies aimed at identifying the mechanisms responsible for the adaptive response of the thymus after repeated exposure to stress. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. 175006]

Published
2020
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8. Minor neurological dysfunction in children aged 5 to 7

Author

Galić Maja, Mikov Aleksandra, Sekulić Slobodan, Kopitović Aleksandar, and Peričin-Starčević Ivana

Subjects
neurological manifestations, risk, child, child, preschool, age factors, sex factors, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Background/Aim. Assessment of minor neurological dysfunction (MND) provides information about a child's neurological condition which helps to identify the vulnerability of the child to the development of motor impairment, difficulties in learning or behavioral disorders. The aim of this study was to determine differences in the prevalence of MND in children from the general population with respect to age (5 and 6 years old) and sex. Methods. The examination was carried out in a preschool institution in the city of Novi Sad, Serbia. The total sample included 120 children divided into two groups according to age: 60 children aged 5 (group A) and 60 children aged 6 years (group B). The children were recruited at three randomly selected kindergartens and approximately equal sex representation, randomly selected as well. The testing was done by the Touwen's test, modified by Hadders-Algra. The results were classified into three groups: the absence of MND, presence of simple MND (presence of one or two domains of dysfunction) and the presence of complex MND (presence of at least three domains of dysfunction). Results. Sixtyseven children out of 120 (55.8%) had a normal neurological condition, while 53 (44.2%) showed MND [49 (40.8%) simple, and 4 (3.4%) complex]. MND occurred more frequently in the youngest age group than in the older children (57% vs. 32%; p = 0.01). MND was also more frequent in boys than in girls, but this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion. Our results show the importance of testing children at preschool age in order to detect potential neurological vulnerability and timely begin with the appropriate therapy.

Published
2018
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9. Association between the SMN2 gene copy number and clinical characteristics of patients with spinal muscular atrophy with homozygous deletion of exon 7 of the SMN1 gene

Author

Žarkov Marija, Stojadinović Aleksandra, Sekulić Slobodan, Barjaktarović Iva, Stojiljković Olivera, Perić Stojan, Keković Goran, Drašković Biljana, and Stević Zorica

Subjects
muscular atrophy, spinal, genetic diseases, inborn, chromosome aberations, Serbia, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Background/Aim. Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by degeneration of alpha motor neurons in the spinal cord and the medulla oblongata, causing progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. The aim of this study was to determine association between the SMN2 gene copy number and disease phenotype in Serbian patients with SMA with homozygous deletion of exon 7 of the SMN1 gene. Methods. The patients were identified using regional Serbian hospital databases. Investigated clinical characteristics of the disease were: patients’ gender, age at disease onset, achieved and current developmental milestones, disease duration, current age, and the presence of the spinal deformities and joint contractures. The number of SMN1 and SMN2 gene copies was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results. Among 43 identified patients, 37 (86.0%) showed homozygous deletion of SMN1 exon 7. One (2.7%) of 37 patients had SMA type I with 3 SMN2 copies, 11 (29.7%) patients had SMA type II with 3.1 ± 0.7 copies, 17 (45.9%) patients had SMA type III with 3.7 ± 0.9 copies, while 8 (21.6%) patients had SMA type IV with 4.2 ± 0.9 copies. There was a progressive increase in the SMN2 gene copy number from type II towards type IV (p < 0.05). A higher SMN2 gene copy number was associated with better current motor performance (p < 0.05). Conclusion. In the Serbian patients with SMA, a higher SMN2 gene copy number correlated with less severe disease phenotype. A possible effect of other phenotype modifiers should not be neglected.

Published
2015
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12. International Epidemiology of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology II: Integration and Applications of Dimensional Findings From 44 Societies

Author

Rescorla, Leslie, Ivanova, Masha Y., Achenbach, Thomas M., Begovac, Ivan, Chahed, Myriam, Drugli, May Britt, Emerich, Deisy Ribas, Fung, Daniel S.S., Haider, Mariam, Hansson, Kjell, Hewitt, Nohelia, Jaimes, Stefanny, Larsson, Bo, Maggiolini, Alfio, Marković, Jasminka, Mitrović, Dragan, Moreira, Paulo, Oliveira, João Tiago, Olsson, Martin, Ooi, Yoon Phaik, Petot, Djaouida, Pisa, Cecilia, Pomalima, Rolando, da Rocha, Marina Monzani, Rudan, Vlasta, Sekulić, Slobodan, Shahini, Mimoza, de Mattos Silvares, Edwiges Ferreira, Szirovicza, Lajos, Valverde, José, Vera, Luis Anderssen, Villa, Maria Clara, Viola, Laura, Woo, Bernardine S.C., and Zhang, Eugene Yuqing

Published
2012
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13. Prediction of labor induction outcome using different clinical parameters

Author

Tatić-Stupar Žaklina, Novakov-Mikić Aleksandra, Bogavac Mirjana, Milatović Stevan, and Sekulić Slobodan

Subjects
induction of labour, Bishop score, cervical length measurement, Body Mass Index, Medicine
Abstract

Introduction. Induction of labor is one of the most common obstetric interventions in contemporary obstetrics. Objective. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and sonographic parameters in prediction of success of labor induction. Methods. The prospective study included 422 women in whom induction of labor was carried out at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Clinical Centre of Vojvodina. The role of body mass index and age of women, parity Bishop score, cervical length measured by transvaginal ultrasound was evaluated in regard of the success of induction, which was considered successful if a vaginal delivery occurred within 24 hours after the onset of induction. Data were statistically analyzed by univariate statistical analysis and Pearson’s χ2 test. Results. Out of 422 women, induction of labor was successful in 356 (84.4%), and it failed in 66 (15.6%) cases. The values of Bishop score and cervical length had positive correlation with the success of induction. Conclusion. Bishop score and transvaginal cervical length were both reliable predictors in determining the success of labor induction, as well as parity and BMI. These parameters are mostly complementary, not competitive in prediction of labor induction success.

Published
2013
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14. Ultrasonographic diagnostics and evaluation of calcaneal fracture: Case report

Author

Lukač Damir, Milenović Nataša, Drapšin Miodrag, Kecojević Vaso, Sekulić Slobodan, and Klašnja Aleksandar

Subjects
diagnostic ultrasound, injury, calcaneal fracture, Medicine
Abstract

Introduction. Radiography is the standard tool in the diagnostics of bone fractures. This paper presents a case of calcaneal fracture diagnosed by ultrasonography that was also used in the follow-up of recovery progress. Case Outline. A 68-year-old male patient was diagnosed avulsion fracture of the calcaneus by ultra-sonography (US) examination using a multi-frequency linear probe (7-15 MHz) and confirmed by X-ray findings; US also provided insight into the dynamics of the reparatory processes. Control examinations were performed on day 14, 21, 30, 60 and 300 (10 months) after the occurrence of the fracture. During this time rehabilitation process was carried out. The diameters of the wedge defect of the calcaneus were measured by US for the follow-up of the healing process of the injured bone. Postero-anterior (PA) or longitudinal diameter and latero-medial or medio-lateral or transverse diameter were measured. Conclusion. Study results indicate a possible use of US in the diagnostics of fractures and monitoring of calcaneal healing.

Published
2013
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21. New aspects of vitamin C during prenatal development

Author

Čapo, Ivan, Popović, Milan, Čapo, Nataša, Stilinović, Nebojša, and Sekulić, Slobodan

Subjects
prenatal, brain, neuron migration disorder, vitamin C, guinea pig
Abstract

Summary. Vitamin deficiency leads to a cascade of reactions that ultimately result in the development of disease. Vitamin C is synthesized from glucose in the liver of most mammals, with the exception of humans, non-human primates and guinea pigs (Cavia porcelus). Namely, because of the evolutionary loss of the gene for the synthesis of L-gulonolactone oxidase (Gulo gene), endogenous synthesis of vitamin C is no longer possible, and these mammals must consume vitamin C to survive. Vitamin C is directly involved in collagen synthesis and severe deficiencies result in scurvy, a postnatal form of this vitamin deficiency. Although the consequences of postnatal vitamin C deficiency are relatively clear, there is still insufficient data concerning the effects of vitamin C deficiency during the prenatal period. Recent data indicate the importance of collagen in basal membrane integrity and its possible disturbance during vitamin C depletion. We have developed a novel guinea pig model of prenatal pial basal membrane disturbance during prenatal deprivation of Vitamin C. Results indicate that disturbance of collagen synthesis induces breaches in the pial basement membrane. As a consequence, the Bergman glia connection is lost, and neuron migration disturbances occur with developing dysplasia of cerebellar cortex, which can be found in Lissencephaly type II. The fact that neither humans nor guinea pigs can synthesize vitamin C creates an opportunity for further research into the impact of prenatal deprivation of vitamin C in developing neuron migration disorders.

Published
2021
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23. Fabry disease, do we think enough about this multisystemic disorder?: A presentation of three cases in a Serbian family

Author

Sakač Dejan, Koraćević Goran, Pavlica Tatjana, and Sekulić Slobodan

Subjects
Fabry disease, chromosome aberrations, genetic diseases, inborn, diagnosis, differential, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Background. Fabry Disease is a rare, X-chromosomal inherited lysosomal storage disease with a consequent intracellular accumulation of neutral glycosphingolipids in various tissues. This can cause skin and ocular lessions, progressive renal, cardiac or cerebrovascular disorders. If a person in a family has Fabry disease, other family members including even extended relatives, may also be at risk. Case report. We presented three cases pointed out various manifestation of Fabry disease, that illustrate a possible cause for otherwise unexplained cardiac hypertrophy and various rhythm and conduction abnormalities. Conclusion. Although most symptoms begin in childhood, various manifestations often lead to misdiagnosis and clinical diagnosis is frequently delayed for many years, even decades. Enzyme replacement therapy has become available, pointing out the importance of early diagnosis so that treatment can be initiated before irreversible organ damage.

Published
2012
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24. An application of a hybrid intelligent system for diagnosing primary headaches

Author

Simić, Svetlana, Villar, José R., Calvo-Rolle, José Luis, Sekulić, Slobodan R., Simić, Svetislav D., Simić, Dragan, Simić, Svetlana, Villar, José R., Calvo-Rolle, José Luis, Sekulić, Slobodan R., Simić, Svetislav D., and Simić, Dragan

Abstract

[Abstract] (1) Background: Modern medicine generates a great deal of information that stored in medical databases. Simultaneously, extracting useful knowledge and making scientific decisions for diagnosis and treatment of diseases becomes increasingly necessary. Headache disorders are the most prevalent of all the neurological conditions. Headaches have not only medical but also great socioeconomic significance. The aim of this research is to develop an intelligent system for diagnosing primary headache disorders. (2) Methods: This research applied various mathematical, statistical and artificial intelligence techniques, among which the most important are: Calinski-Harabasz index, Analytical Hierarchy Process, and Weighted Fuzzy C-means Clustering Algorithm. These methods, techniques and methodologies are used to create a hybrid intelligent system for diagnosing primary headache disorders. The proposed intelligent diagnostic system is tested with original real-world data set with different metrics. (3) Results: First at all, nine of 20 attributes – features from International Headache Society (IHS) criteria are selected, and then only five most important attributes from IHS criteria are selected. The calculation result based on the Calinski–Harabasz index value (178) for the optimal number of clusters is three, and they present three classes of headaches: (i) migraine, (ii) tension-type headaches (TTHs), and (iii) other primary headaches (OPHs). The proposed hybrid intelligent system shows the following quality metrics: Accuracy 75%; Precision 67% for migraine, 74% for TTHs, 86% for OPHs, and Average Precision 77%; Recall 86% for migraine, 73% for TTHs, 67% for OPHs, Average Recall 75%; F1 score 75% for migraine, 74% for TTHs, 75% for OPHs, and Average F1 score 75%. (4) Conclusions: The hybrid intelligent system presents qualitative and respectable experimental results. The implementation of existing diagnostics systems and the development of new diagnostics systems

Published
2021

28. Biocompatibility of mesoporous SBA‐16/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite and dentin demineralized particles on human dental pulp stem cells.

Author

Bulajić, Dragica V., Drljača, Jovana, Čapo, Ivan, Savić, Slavica M., Vojisavljević, Katarina, Hodžić, Aden, Sekulić, Slobodan, and Bajkin, Branislav V.

Abstract

In the present work, a biomaterial (SBA‐16/HA) based on the growth of hydroxyapatite (HA) particles within an organized silica structure SBA‐16 (Santa Barbara Amorphous‐16) was developed to evaluate its application to act as a porous microenvironment promoting attachment and viability of human dental pulp stem cells of healthy deciduous teeth (SHED). First, SHED were isolated and their phenotypes were evaluated by flow cytometry. The samples of SBA‐16/HA were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), small and wide angle X‐ray scattering (SWAXS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectra detector (EDS). Afterward, cells were cultured in the eluates of the above‐mentioned biomaterial aged for 24 hr, 7. and 14 days. Bio‐Oss® and dentin particles are involved for comparison and cells are cultured in the eluates of these two materials also. Thiazolyl Blue Tetrazolium bromide assay‐MTT (3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide assay) was used for the determination of cell viability. The results obtained by all aforementioned characterization methods of SBA‐16/HA, revealed a uniform spherical mesoporous structure, an intrinsic characteristic of this material. This material displayed excellent biocompatibility on SHEDs, and even proliferative potential, indicating that SBA‐16/HA could potentially serve as a suitable substrate for bone regeneration. Contrary to SBA‐16/HA, dentin particles showed low cytotoxicity at all time points, compared to control and Bio‐Oss®groups. Our results substantiate the idea that SBA‐16/HA has a beneficial effect on SHEDs, thus paving the way toward developing new material for bone replacement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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33. A hybrid case-based reasoning approach to detecting the optimal solution in nurse scheduling problem.

Author

Simić, Svetlana, Milutinović, Dragana, Sekulić, Slobodan, Simić, Dragan, Simić, Svetislav D, and Đorđević, Jovanka

Subjects
CASE-based reasoning, NURSES, MEDICAL appointments, POPULATION aging, GOAL programming, NURSING informatics
Abstract

Demand for healthcare is increasing due to a growing and ageing population. Choosing an adequate schedule for medical staff can be a difficult dilemma for managers. The goal of nurse scheduling is to minimize the cost of the staff while maximizing their preferences and the overall benefits for the unit. This paper is focused on a new hybrid strategy based on detecting the optimal solution in nurse scheduling problem. The new proposed hybrid approach is obtained by combining case-based reasoning and general linear empirical model with arbitrary coefficients. The model is tested with original real-world data set obtained from the Oncology Institute of Vojvodina in Serbia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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36. Минимална неуролошка дисфункција и лоше држање тела у деце предшколског узраста

Author

Mikov, Aleksandra, Sekulić, Slobodan, Demeši-Drljan, Čila, Velisavljev-Filipović, Gordana, Dimitrijević, Lidija, Галић, Маја, Mikov, Aleksandra, Sekulić, Slobodan, Demeši-Drljan, Čila, Velisavljev-Filipović, Gordana, Dimitrijević, Lidija, and Галић, Маја

Abstract

Увод: Процена минималних неуролошких дисфункција (МНД) пружа информације о неуролошком стању детета, помаже у идентификовању вулнерабилности детета ка развоју моторних слабости, тешкоћа у учењу или поремећаја понашања. Деформитети кичменог стуба код деце предшколског узраста су у сталном порасту. Циљ истраживања: Утврђивање преваленце МНД-а у узорку предшколске деце тестирањем по Touwen-у, евалуација постуралног статуса код деце предшколског узраста, као и утврђивање повезаности јављања минималних неуролошких дисфункција и постуралних поремећаја код деце предшколског узраста. Материјал и методе: Истраживање је урађено у предшколској установи „Радосно детињство“ из Новог Сада. Укупан узорак је обухватио 120-оро деце која су подељена у две групе у односу на узраст, 60-оро деце старости од 6 до 7 година (група А) и 60-оро деце старости од 5 до 6 година (група Б). Методом случајног избора су изабрана три вртића из различитих делова града, а деца су насумично одабрана са приближно једнаком заступљеношћу пола. Тестирање је урађено са Touwen-овим тестом модификованим од стране Hadders-Algre. Резултати су груписани у три групе: одсуство, присуство једноставних (присуство једне или две области дисфункције) и присуство комплексних МНД (присуство најмање три области дисфункције). Код све деце урађена је евалуација постуралног статуса, као и антропометријска мерења. Резултати: Постоји статистички значајна разлика у учесталости јављања МНД-а у односу на узраст, одступања су чешће присутна у млађем узрасту. МНД се чешће јављају код дечака у односу на девојчице, али није показана статистички значајна разлика. Код 68,3% деце уочени су елементи лошег држања тела. Најчешћа одступања од нормалног постуралног положаја била су у виду спуштених стопала (45,8%), асиметрије висине рамена (35%), искривљења ахилових тетива ван (30%), повећања слабинске кривине (29,2%) и асиметрије троуглова стаса (20%). Утврђена је статистички значајна позитивна повезаност између јављања минималних неуролошк, Uvod: Procena minimalnih neuroloških disfunkcija (MND) pruža informacije o neurološkom stanju deteta, pomaže u identifikovanju vulnerabilnosti deteta ka razvoju motornih slabosti, teškoća u učenju ili poremećaja ponašanja. Deformiteti kičmenog stuba kod dece predškolskog uzrasta su u stalnom porastu. Cilj istraživanja: Utvrđivanje prevalence MND-a u uzorku predškolske dece testiranjem po Touwen-u, evaluacija posturalnog statusa kod dece predškolskog uzrasta, kao i utvrđivanje povezanosti javljanja minimalnih neuroloških disfunkcija i posturalnih poremećaja kod dece predškolskog uzrasta. Materijal i metode: Istraživanje je urađeno u predškolskoj ustanovi „Radosno detinjstvo“ iz Novog Sada. Ukupan uzorak je obuhvatio 120-oro dece koja su podeljena u dve grupe u odnosu na uzrast, 60-oro dece starosti od 6 do 7 godina (grupa A) i 60-oro dece starosti od 5 do 6 godina (grupa B). Metodom slučajnog izbora su izabrana tri vrtića iz različitih delova grada, a deca su nasumično odabrana sa približno jednakom zastupljenošću pola. Testiranje je urađeno sa Touwen-ovim testom modifikovanim od strane Hadders-Algre. Rezultati su grupisani u tri grupe: odsustvo, prisustvo jednostavnih (prisustvo jedne ili dve oblasti disfunkcije) i prisustvo kompleksnih MND (prisustvo najmanje tri oblasti disfunkcije). Kod sve dece urađena je evaluacija posturalnog statusa, kao i antropometrijska merenja. Rezultati: Postoji statistički značajna razlika u učestalosti javljanja MND-a u odnosu na uzrast, odstupanja su češće prisutna u mlađem uzrastu. MND se češće javljaju kod dečaka u odnosu na devojčice, ali nije pokazana statistički značajna razlika. Kod 68,3% dece uočeni su elementi lošeg držanja tela. Najčešća odstupanja od normalnog posturalnog položaja bila su u vidu spuštenih stopala (45,8%), asimetrije visine ramena (35%), iskrivljenja ahilovih tetiva van (30%), povećanja slabinske krivine (29,2%) i asimetrije trouglova stasa (20%). Utvrđena je statistički značajna pozitivna povezanost između j, Introduction: Assessment of minor neurological dysfunction (MND) provides information about a child's neurological condition, which helps to identify the vulnerability of the child to the development of motor impairment, difficulties in learning or behavioral disorders. Spinal deformities in preschool children are constantly increasing. Aim: Determining the prevalence of MND in a sample of preschool children using Touwen’s test, the evaluation of postural status in preschool children, as well as determining the relation between the occurrence of minor neurological dysfunction and postural disorders in preschool children. Material and methods: The examination was carried out in the preschool institution “Radosno detinjstvo” in the city of Novi Sad. The total sample included 120 children who were divided into two groups according to their age, 60 children aged 6 to 7 years (group A) and 60 children aged 5 to 6 years (group B). The children were recruited at three randomly selected kindergartens, and the children were randomly selected with approximately equal gender representation. The testing was done with Touwen's test modified by Hadders-Algra. The results were classified into three groups: the absence of MND, the presence of simple MND (presence of one or two domains of dysfunction) and the presence of complex MND (presence of at least three domains of dysfunction). Evaluation of postural status and anthropometric measurements were carried out for all the children. Results: There is a statistically significant difference in the prevalence of MND in relation to age, variations were more likely at a younger age. MND is more frequent in boys than in girls, but this difference is not statistically significant. In 68.3% of the children there are elements of bad posture. The most common deviations from the normal postural position are flat feet (45.8%), shoulder height asymmetry (35%), distortion of Achilles tendons to the outside (30%), excessive curvature of lower bac

Published
2017

37. Electrocortical spectral analysis and fractal methods for assessing the effects of unilateral brain injury on rat cerebellum

Author

Martać, Ljiljana, Sekulić, Slobodan, and Cvijanović, Milan

Subjects
nervous system, Cerebellum, Injury, Spectral analysis, Fractal dimension
Abstract

We used electrocortical spectral analysis and fractal methods for assessing the effects of unilateral, single brain injury on cerebellum. Cerebellar electrocortical activity was recorded in control state (before the injury) and after a single brain injury of the cerebellar cortex in anesthetized rats. We noticed that the mean power in gamma high-frequency domain (32-128 Hz) of the cerebellum, was increased after the first brain injury, while after a two-week recovery, it was larger than before the injury. The unilateral brain injury induced a permanent increase of the mild gamma activity in both the left and the right side of cerebellum cortex, but there was no further increase after the lesion was repeated. Our recent electrophysiological study on the cerebellum (Culic et al., 2005) suggested that the mean power spectra of the cerebellar cortical activity in the gamma frequency range might be the indicator of acute single focal brain injury. However, there is insufficient information on the effects of the repeated brain injury on the cerebellar electrocortical activity and morphology. There was no significant difference between the absolute and the relative mean power of the left and the right paravermal cortical activity (before, as well as, after the injury), in each of the animals tested afterwards, but there were differences between the left and the right side of cerebellum in experimental animals. Repeated injury of the cerebellar cortical areas, is strengthened by morphological changes in the cerebellar hemisphere, and shows a decrease in delta and an increase in gamma range.

Published
2016

38. Spectral and Fractal Analysis of ECoG in Animal Model of Aluminium Intoxication

Author

Martać, Ljiljana, Podgorac, Jelena, Petković, Branka, Sekulić, Slobodan, and Capo, Ivan

Subjects
Toxicity, Spectral power, Oxidative stress, Fractal analysis, Ionian disbalans
Abstract

This paper presents an overview of rat animal model of Alzheimer’s disease. Model is based on the toxicity, oxidative stress and neurodegeneration. The model is obtained by treatment of rats with intraperitoneal aluminum. Electrocortical group neuron activity describes changes in neurotransmission caused by different factors. Such changes could be qualitatively described by spectral and fractal analysis of electrocortical activity as a variation of the relative spectral power. Both animals and patients with Alzheimers demention have increased relative spectral power in delta range. By fractal analysis we described changes in electrocortical activity of aluminum intoxication animals compare to physiological control. We used change in delta range to calculate fractal dimension. Also we used fractal dimension to compare treated animals with control ones to quantitatively describe the degree of pathophysiological state. All changes are correlated with an increase in the relative spectral power in the delta range and can be quantitatively described by fractal dimension. Results are presented as the effect and can also be applied to the human model of neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration like Alzheimer’s dementia. The model itself may be used for diagnostic and prognostic purposes since it describes the parameters underlying Alzheimer’s disease. However in definition of disease should be consider a state of dementia and menthal activity.

Published
2015

39. Neurofiziološki aspekt prvog gubitka svesti kod dece

Author

Knežević-Pogančev, Marija, Ivetić, Vesna, Naumović, Nada, Lukić, Stevo, Petrovački-Dejanović, Bojana, Sekulić, Slobodan, Stojadinović, Aleksandra, Peričin-Starčević, Ivana, Knežević-Pogančev, Marija, Ivetić, Vesna, Naumović, Nada, Lukić, Stevo, Petrovački-Dejanović, Bojana, Sekulić, Slobodan, Stojadinović, Aleksandra, and Peričin-Starčević, Ivana

Abstract

Uzroci gubitka svesti su različiti i teško ih je diferencirati. Razlikovanja epileptičkih od neepileptičkih gubitaka svesti je od krucijalnog značaja za ispitivanje, lečenja i prognoze ovih poremećaja. Elektroencefalografija (EEG) je standardna, neinvazivna metoda koja se koristi u ispitivanju nakon gubitka svesti. Inicijalni EEG nalaz nakon prvog gubitka svesti može biti normalan, specifičan ili nespecifičan. Procenat patološkog EEG nalaza je veći kod rano urađenog EEG pregleda. Kod dece rani EEG pregled u roku od 48h ne pokazuje statistički značajne abnormalnosti. Spontanim spavanjem ili EEG pregledom nakon deprivacije spavanja se beleži značajno veća prisutnost epileptiformnih promena kod dece starije od 3 godine, čak i kada je prvi EEG u budnom stanju normalan. Kombinacijama pregleda u budnom stanju i spavanju povećava prisutnost patoloških promena u EEG zapisu. Materijal metode: Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 198 dece uzrasta od 3-12 godine života nakon prvog gubitka svesti. Ispitanici su klasifikovani u dve grupe na osnovu otpusne dijagnoze: na grupu dece kod kojih dijagnoza epilepsije nije postavljena i na grupu dece kod kojih je dijagnoza epilepsije potvrđena. Korelirani su nalazi EEG-a u budnom stanju i spavanju (spontanom ili nakon deprivacije spavanja) sa anamnestičkim i kliničkim podacima o gubitku svesti, podacima o dužini trajanja gubitka svesti i vremena oporavka, vremenom kada je urađen prvi EEG u odnosu na gubitak svesti kao i sa podacima o ličnoj i porodičnoj anamnezi, a koji su navedeni u protokolu istraživanja. Ispitanici su potom podeljeni prema uzrastu u pet grupa u intervalima od 2 godine (3-4; 5-6; 7-8; 9-10; 11-12). Rezultati: Nakon prvog gubitka svesti specifičan (epileptiformni) nalaz EEG u budnom stanju imalo je 41,97% ispitanika, a 58,03% je imalo nespecifičan ili uredan EEG nalaz u budnom stanju, dok je specifičan nalaz EEG u spavanju imalo je 73,57% ispitanika, a 26,43% je imalo nespecifičan ili uredan EEG nalaz u spavanju. Ispitanici koji, The reasons for the loss of consciousness are various and difficult to be differentiated. It is of utmost importance to differentiate between epileptic and non-epileptic losses of consciousness for the purpose of testing, treating and giving prognosis related to this disorder. Electroencephalography (EEG) is a standard, non-invasive method used in testing after the loss of consciousness. The initial EEG after the first loss of consciousness can be normal, specific and non-specific. The percentage of pathological EEG findings is higher in EEG exams performed at an earlier stage. In children, an early EEG exam within 48 hours does not reveal any statistically relevant abnormalities. Spontaneous sleeping or an EEG examination after sleep deprivation leads to a significantly higher number of epileptiform changes in children above the age of 3, even in cases when the first EEG in the awake state was normal. Combinations of examinations in the awake state and during sleep lead to an increased presence of pathological changes in the EEG recording. Material and methods: The research included 198 children aged 3-12 who have experienced their first loss of consciousness. The subjects were classified into two groups, based on their discharge diagnosis: children who have not been diagnosed with epilepsy and children who have had epilepsy confirmed. A correlation was established between EEG findings in the awake state and sleep (spontaneous or following sleep deprivation) and medical history and clinical data related to the loss of consciousness, the information about the length of the loss of consciousness and recovery time, the time when the first EEG examination was performed in relation to the loss of consciousness, as well as the data from the personal and family history. The subjects were further divided into five groups, depending on their age, with each group covering a 2-year period (3-4; 5-6; 7-8; 9-10; 11-12). Results: Following the first loss of consciousness, specif

Published
2016

42. Changes in the Anterior Presentation in Sheep Fetuses Due to Their Ventro-Sacral Position in the Second Half of Gestation

Author

Sekulić, Slobodan R, Bozić, Aleksandar K, Zarkov, Marija G, Keković, Goran, Podgorac, Jelena, Novakov-Mikić, Aleksandra S, Martać, Ljiljana, Barna, Tomislav, Milovanović, Aleksandar, Pusić, Ivan, Stojanović, Dragica, and Pepelcević, Nenad

Subjects
body regions, embryonic structures, reproductive and urinary physiology
Abstract

The hypothesis tested was that fetal postural development causes anterior presentation of the sheep fetus during a period of exclusive increase in anterior presentation. Exposing fetuses to a ventro-sacral position during a period of equal incidence of anterior and posterior presentations [50th-90th gestation day (GD)] should not cause changes in fetal presentation. During a period of an exclusive increase in anterior presentation (90th-140th GD) a ventro-sacral position should cause a 1800 turn of the fetus. Singleton gestations with fetus in anterior presentation were included. Ultrasound examinations consisted of three consecutive two minute scans to determine fetal presentation, and were conducted with the ewe in the following three positions: the upright quadrupedal position, sitting position in which the ewe's trunk is vertical to the ground; and again the upright quadrupedal position. The Mann-Whitney nonparametric U-test was used. On the 83rd GD (14 fetuses), there were no changes in fetal presentation, whereas on the 86th GD (10 fetuses) (p=0.035 p

Published
2012

43. Funkcija serotoninskih receptora i njihov uticaj na ponašanje

Author

Podgorac, Jelena, Čapo, Ivan, Sekulić, Slobodan, Pepelčević, Nenad, Martać, Ljiljana, and Keković, Goran

Subjects
receptori, behavior, receptors, ponašanje, serotonin
Abstract

Serotonin is, evolutionary, the oldest neurotransmitter. Ubiquitous distribution of serotonin in central nervous system, also implication in many physiological functions indicates significance of serotonergic system. Expression of the serotonin function is the most conditioned by the interaction with postsynaptic receptors. In this article, the classification of the serotonergic receptors and its role is reviewed. The expectations of future research are detection of new subpopulations of receptors, their functions and summation of knowledge in order to find new therapy and new manner in treatment of central nervous system disturbances, which imply serotonergic dysfunction. Serotonin predstavlja jedan od evolutivno najstarijih neurotransmitrera. Njegova široka distribucija u centralnom nervnom sistemu i povezanost sa mnogobrojnim fiziološkim funkcijama ukazuje na značaj serotoninskog sistema. Karakter ispoljavanja serotonina u najvećoj meri određuje postsinaptički receptor sa kojim stupa u kontakt. U radu su prikazani do sada klasifikovani receptori i njihova uloga. Od budućih istraživanja očekuje se otkrivanje novih subpopulacija receptora, njihove uloge i sumacija saznanja u cilju pronalaženja novih lekova i načina lečenja uzrokovanih poremećajima serotinskog sistema CNS-a. null

Published
2012

44. Spectral and fractal measures of cerebellar and cerebral activity in various types of anesthesia

Author

Keković, Goran, Stojadinović, Gordana, Martać, Ljiljana, Podgorac, Jelena, Sekulić, Slobodan R, and Ćulić, Milka

Abstract

The features of rat cerebral and cerebellar electrocortical activity (ECoG) under different types of anaesthesia (nembutal. ketamine or zoletil) were examined by the distribution of spectral entropy across frequency bands of ECoG and by calculation of fractal dimension determined on the basis of Higuchi's algorithm. Spectral entropy, as a measure of activity, in the case of cerebrum had greater values than the spectral entropy of cerebellum in low frequency ranges, regardless of the type or applied anesthetic. Various anesthetics evoked different effects on spectral entropy of electrocortical activity: spectral entropy of delta range greatly dominated under nembutal anesthesia, while ketamine or zoletil appeared to affect the spectral entropy of higher frequency ranges. The pronounced effect of ketamine or zoletil anesthesia on spectral entropy of higher frequency was confirmed by the higher values of Higucihi's fractal dimension (ED) of ECoGs, with a tendency of higher ED values in cerebellar activity than cerebral activity. Ministry of Science and Technological Development of Republic of Serbia [143021]

Published
2010

45. Uticaj primene valproične kiseline tokom priploda i gestacije na animalnom modelu miša - efekat na psihomotorni razvoj kod potomaka

Author

Sekulić, Slobodan, Jakovljević, Vladimir, Milovanović, Dragan, Milanović, Desanka, Podgorac, Jelena, Sekulić, Slobodan, Jakovljević, Vladimir, Milovanović, Dragan, Milanović, Desanka, and Podgorac, Jelena

Abstract

Osnovni cilj ove doktorske disertacije je bio da se ispitaju posledice intrauterinog izlaganja različitim dozama valproata na tok fizičkog i psihomotornog razvoja jedinki miša. Ispitivani su efekti valproata na CNS-u u subterapijskim dozama i dozno- zavisni efekat. Testovi primenjeni na potomstvu su u literaturi okarakterisani kao odgovarajući za procenu stanja motornog i senzornog sistema u određenoj fazi postnatalnog razvoja. Određeni testovi, pored opšte motorne sposobnosti, omogućavali su i procenu ponašanja tipa anksioznosti / depresije, hiper- i hipoaktivnosti jedinki. Metode. U eksperimentima su korišćene ženke i mužjaci zdravih laboratorijskih miševa soja NMRI, odabrane metodom slučajnog izbora iz okota na Vojnomedicinskoj akademiji u Beogradu. Eksperiment je počinjao sparivanjem dve ženke i jednog mužjaka u jednom kavezu. Shodno tretmanu, oformljeno je 5 eksperimentalnih grupa i to jedna kontrolna (n=9 ženki), koja je bila tretirana fiziološkim rastvorom (Natrii Chloridi Infundibule 0,9%, HemofarmhospitalLogica), i 4 grupe koje su tretirane valproatom (Valproic acid sodium salt – 2 propylpentanoic sodium, ≥98, P4543 Sigma Aldrich) u dozi od 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg ili 400 mg/kg (n=10-11 ženki po grupi). Natrijumova so valproinske kiseline rastvarana je u fiziološkom rastvoru. Injeciranje je obavljano svakodnevno, od momenta sparivanja, tokom čitavog perioda priploda i gestacije. 137 Nakon rađanja potomstva tretman je prestajao i ženke su sa svojim potomstvom odvajane u zasebne kaveze. Pristup hrani i vodi je bio neograničen. Procenjivan je odgovor potomstva u sledećim testovima: (1) test refleksa uspravljanja , (2)test kačenja o rep, (3) test izlaganja vrućoj ploči, (4) test uzdignutog krstastog lavirinta, (5) test otvorenog polja Rezultati. Kontinuirana primena različitih doza valproata (50, 100, 200 i 400 mg/kg) na ženkama miša NMRI soja u periodu priploda ima negativan dozno-zavisni uticaj na fertilitet, a kontinuirana primena u periodu priploda i, The aim of this study was to examine the effects of intrauterine exposure to different doses of valproate on the course of physical and psychomotor development of mouse. The effects of valproate in the CNS was evaluated at subtherapeutic doses and dose-dependent effect. The tests applied to the offspring in the literature are labeled as suitable for the assessment of motor and sensory system at a certain stage of postnatal development. Certain tests, in addition to general motor skills, allowed the assessment of behavioral state as anxiety / depression, hyper-and hypo-activity of offspring. The study was done on adult female NMRI mice. Four experimental and one control group was formed. Females were treated with subcutaneous injection of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg VPA (Valproic acid sodium salt – 2 propylpentanoic sodium, ≥98, P4543 Sigma Aldrich) or with saline (Natrii Chloridi Infundibule 0,9%, HemofarmhospitalLogica) (control group). All treatments were performed during breeding and whole gestation period. Mice were given ad libitum access to food and water. The offspring was examined in tests: (1) Righting test, (2) Tail suspension test, (3) Hot plate test, (4) Elevated plus maze test and (5) Open field test Results: Different doses of VPA (50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) continuously applied on female NMRI mice during breeding and whole 142 gestation caused female mortality and lower fertility dose-dependent effect. Treatment had no influence on female body weight. In utero exposure to valproate has a negative impact on body weight of individuals during postnatal development, including the adolescence. Treatment is associated with a delay in eye-opening at the 15th postnatal day (PND). Prenatal exposition to different doses of VPA significantly influence on offspring behaviour in righting reflex. Regarding the critical developmental postnatal points, treatment influence on type response and latency during righting reflex testing. VPA treatment during gestation affe

Published
2014

46. The righting reflex from a supine to a prone position in the guinea pig fetus

Author

Sekulić, Slobodan R, Lukac, Damir D, Drapsin, Miodrag, Suknjaja, Vesna, Keković, Goran, Grbić, Gordana M., and Martać, Ljiljana

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the righting reflex from a supine to a prone position in the albino guinea pig fetus. Ultrasound examinations of one-fetus gestations were performed in the period from the 31st to the 66th day of gestation. The experimental and control group each encompassed 6 fetuses. Fetuses were brought into supine positions relative to the gravity vector by manipulating the pregnant females into the appropriate positions. The control group received 15 mg/kg of diazepam intraperitoneally before the examination to show whether changes in fetal position occurred as the result of passive rotation. In the experimental group, each fetus was examined every other day (summary results: absent 69 times, prone position 10 times, lateral position 29 times). In the control group, each fetus was examined every five days (summary results: absent 42 times). The absence of the righting reflex in the control group was statistically significant (chi(2) = 18.66, df = 1, p = 0.000, p < 0.05). The experimental group fetuses assumed a prone position more frequently in the period from the 51st to the 66th day of gestation than in the period from the 31st to the 50th day of gestation (chi(2) = 4.17, df = 1, p = 0.0412, p < 0.05), suggesting maturation of the righting reflex. Serbian Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection [143021/2006]

Published
2009

47. Wavelet and fractal analysis of rat brain activity in seizures evoked by camphor essential oil and 1,8-cineole

Author

Ćulić, Milka, Keković, Goran, Grbić, Gordana M., Martać, Ljiljana, Soković, Marina, Podgorac, Jelena, and Sekulić, Slobodan R

Subjects
nervous system, nervous system diseases
Abstract

We investigated the rat brain activity in acute seizures evoked by camphor essential oil or its main constituent 1,8-cineole by wavelet (primarily) and fractal analysis. Experiments were performed on anesthetized animals before and after intraperitoneal camphor oil or cineole administration. The properties of frequency bands in pre-ictal, ictal and inter-ictal stages have been determined by wavelet analysis. The domination of 6 frequency band was confirmed in obtained brain activities, which participate with approximate to 45% of mean relative wavelet energy (MRWE) in control signals and arise up to approximate to 76% MRWE in energy spectrum during the ictal stage (after drug administration). Other frequency bands decreased during ictal stage and arised in inter-ictal stage. There was a dose-dependent response of cineole effect: increase in cineole concentration leaded to the higher values of relative wavelet energy (RWE) of delta frequency band while there were slight changes of the mean fractal dimension (FD) values as a measure of system complexity. Serbian Ministry of Science and Technological Development [143021]

Published
2009

48. Efekat neurotoksičnosti aluminijuma na elektrokortikalnu aktivnost mozga pacova

Author

Martać, Ljiljana, Kesić, Srđan, Ćulić, Milka, Grbić, Gordana, Spasić, Slađana, Sekulić, Slobodan, and Lalošević, Dušan

Subjects
fractal dimension, electrocortical activity, aluminium neurotoxicity, power spectrum
Abstract

The aim of our study was to investigate the electrophysiological effects of aluminium neurotoxicity. This animal model of neurodegenerative dementia was induced by chronic treatment of Wistarrats with aluminum chloride for 4 weeks - 2mg Al/kg, i.p, per day. Electrophysiological recordings of left and right somatosensory cortical areas of animals treated by aluminium and the control rats were done under Nembutal anesthesia. Analog to the digital one conversion of the recorded signals was performed at the sampling rate of 256 Hz. Spectral analysis of electrocortical activity during sequences of 120 s (divided in epochs of 8s) was obtained by Fast Fourier Transformation while fractal dimension (FD) of these signals was calculated by Higuchi's algorithm. The relative power spectra of cerebral activity were increased in delta frequency range and decreased in (8.1-32.0 Hz) range in aluminium treated animals compared to the controls. The average fractal dimension of electrocortical activity in aluminium treated animals was lower - 1.290 than the average fractal dimension of electrocortical activity in the control rats - 1.377. Spectral and fractal characteristics of brain activity could bean electrophysiological sign of developing neurodegenerative process similar to the Alzheimer's dementia. Predmet ovog istraživanja je bio da se elektrofiziološki prouče efekti aluminijumske neurotoksičnosti. Animalni model neurodegenerativne demencije postignut je hroničnim tretmanom Wistar pacova sa aluminium hloridom u toku 4 nedelje u dozi od 2 mg/kg aluminijuma dnevno. Elektrofiziološko registrovanje levog i desnog somatosenzornog korteksa pacova tretiranih aluminijumom i kontrolnih pacova je vršeno pod Nembutalskom anestezijom. Analogno-digitalna konverzija registrovanih signala je izvršena pri frekvenciji semplovanja 256Hz. Spektralna analiza elektrokortikalne aktivnosti u trajanju od 120s (podeljena u epohe od 8s) je izvršena Furijeovom transformacijom, a fraktalna dimenzija ovih signala je izračunata Higučijevim algoritmom. Relativni spektri snage cerebralne aktivnosti u delta frekventnom opsegu su bili povećani, a u (8.1-15.0 Hz) frekventnom opsegu su bili smanjeni kod aluminijumom tretiranih životinja u odnosu na kontrolne. Srednja fraktalna dimenzija elektrokortikalne aktivnosti kod tretiranih pacova je manja - 1,290 u odnosu na srednju fraktalnu dimenziju elektrokortikalne aktivnosti kontrolnih pacova - 1,377. Spektralne i fraktalne karakteristike mogu biti elektrofiziološki znak razvitka neurodegenerativnih procesa kao kod Alchajmerove bolesti. Projekat ministarstva br. 143021

Published
2006

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