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This meta-meta-analysis study quantifies the development of scientific knowledge in consumer research by summarizing the findings of 222 meta-analyses that together include 2481 meta-analytic effect sizes. The results provide an overview of how much we know and how knowledge has developed in consumer research over time. By explaining 7.8% variance (r = 0.28) in consumer-relevant dependent variables, the findings show that consumer research, a comparatively young discipline, is relatively effective at knowledge development compared to other disciplines. Furthermore, the accumulation of knowledge is significantly increasing, suggesting that our discipline is still in the growing phase of its life cycle and generating continuously improving explanations of consumer-related phenomena. The development of knowledge varies across consumer-relevant dependent variables, with strong explanations for relationships but significantly weaker ones for memory , affect , and attitudes. Moreover, the knowledge synthesized in meta-analyses is fairly—though not fully—representative of the content of primary research on consumers overall. The findings convey a future research agenda by identifying under-researched areas, advising on the selection of dependent variables, providing indicators for the expected contributions of future studies, suggesting implications for career strategies of consumer researchers, and discussing explanations for the observed knowledge growth effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document, published in the Journal of Applied Physics, discusses the importance of multiscale modeling and analysis in the field of biophysics. The authors emphasize the need for tools and analyses that integrate across physical scales and time scales in order to advance medical science. The document includes a collection of studies on various topics such as cardiac biomechanics, tissue mechanics, cerebral fluid flow, cell mechanics, protein modeling, and molecular fluorescence microscopy. The authors hope that readers will find these studies informative and inspiring. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on the challenges and limitations in current scientific research practices, including issues with reproducibility, transparency, and the pursuit of statistical significance. Topics include the overemphasis on statistical significance in research, the prevalence of selective publication and reporting bias, and the role of meta-research in evaluating and improving scientific methodologies.

Dialogues between ecological wisdom across the East and the West contribute to generating unorthodox education, improving cross-cultural ecopedagogical praxis, and reinforcing education for sustainable development (ESD). In this article, Chinese Daoism and Norwegian Naessian ecosophy are compared and integrated to form an intercultural ecopedagogy. Indigenous Daoist wisdom entails profound ecopedagogical implications in learning from nature, human-nature reciprocity, and spontaneous, altruistic, and harmonious modes of action. Moreover, the cosmo-metaphysical notion of qi (氣) implies an alternative ecopedagogy that may empower learners to consolidate psychosomatic learning and embody human-nature oneness. Correspondingly, Arne Naess' life philosophy promotes ecocentric living and education that underline experiential relations, non-violent symbiosis, and activeness in sensing and feeling. Naess' postulation on subjective aesthetical identification with nature can be seen as one sensible complement to objective scientific knowledge of the ecosystem, facilitating individuals' holistic and personally meaningful formation of be(com)ing ecocitizens. The reciprocity of Lao Zhuang's and Naess' ecological wisdom is argued to shed new light on theories and practices of ecopedagogy and combat dualism and anthropocentrism cross-culturally and innovatively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Astro-Tourism involves ‘using the natural resource of unpolluted night skies, and appropriate scientific knowledge for astronomical, cultural and environmental activities’. Astro-Tourism further includes specialised activities that differ from mass tourism, as tourists are exposed to knowledge-rich experiences. Well-known examples of Astro-Tourism destinations include Bryce Canyon National Park and Death Valley in the United States of America (USA). The Free State Gambling, Liquor and Tourism Authority (FSGLA) is the marketing arm of the Free State province and is responsible for attracting potential tourists to the province and solidifying the Free State as a destination of choice. Astro-Tourism has been identified as an opportunity to grow tourism in Bloemfontein and the Free State. This study found that Astro-Tourism is a niche product, and that the facilities currently on offer in Bloemfontein are in excellent condition and can potentially be further exposed to a broader audience through dedicated marketing initiatives and events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document is an interview with Prof. Fernanda Fidalgo from the Biology Department at the University of Porto, Portugal. It discusses her academic journey, research on plant stress responses, and collaborations. Prof. Fidalgo highlights challenges in science in Portugal, the importance of student relationships, and her future research focus. The interview also touches on the evolving publishing landscape, social media in science communication, and personal hobbies. Prof. Fidalgo reflects on key moments that shaped her career and life, including her decision to pursue academia, motherhood, and overcoming personal challenges. [Extracted from the article]

ABSTRACT Indigenous lands are increasingly recognized for their critical role in biodiversity conservation. However, concerns persist about the sustainability of hunting practices within these territories. This study investigates the long‐term impact of Indigenous hunting practices on wildlife populations in the Cofán territory of Zábalo, Ecuador. We employed line transect surveys to estimate wildlife densities over three periods (2001–2003, 2006–2009, and 2018), focusing on 16 species that are integral to local livelihoods and subject to community management. Our results indicate generally stable or increasing populations for most species, particularly in nonhunted areas, where spatial restrictions are enforced. The Cofán's ability to sustainably manage relations between humans and wildlife is largely attributable to their adaptive management system, which includes species‐specific regulations and spatial zoning, and is realized through community decision‐making, knowledge sharing, and an ethos of care. These findings demonstrate that Indigenous stewardship can effectively sustain biodiversity in complex biocultural systems. The study underscores the importance of integrating Indigenous knowledge with scientific approaches to achieve long‐term conservation goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT In the face of growing social‐ecological challenges, multiple forms of expertise must be brought to bear in environmental problem‐solving. As such, community‐based science has been touted as a potential way to “democratize” scientific knowledge production, allowing for multiple sources of expertise to be harnessed and for learning across stakeholders to occur in new ways. The extent to which this occurs, however, is mediated by a variety of factors. Focusing on the context of a dam removal and river restoration initiative in the Western United States, we leverage community science literacy as a conceptual lens to critically interrogate if and how multiple forms of expertise are taken up through community‐based science toward the goal of watershed revitalization. Based on an analysis of empirical evidence collected from interviews, ethnographic observations, and project artifacts, we found that local residents in the watershed demonstrated robust forms of situated local knowledge that they often leveraged toward the work of science. This occurred through processes of coordination work, which were mediated by opportunities for individuals to shift between roles, the contributions of brokers and boundary spanners, and issues of power, status, and rank. While individuals demonstrated and shared their nuanced local knowledge, dominant science still structured if, when, and how this was taken up in the project. Ultimately, we suggest that leveling hierarchies in community‐based science—and affording broader publics greater epistemic agency in shaping the work of science—is key to fostering social‐ecological transformation through science learning in informal settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this Perspective, the use of DNA nanotechnology is explored as a powerful tool for studying a family of enzymes known as topoisomerases. These enzymes regulate DNA topology within a living cell and play a major role in the pharmaceutical field, serving as anti‐cancer and anti‐bacterial targets. This Perspective will provide a short historical overview of the methods employed in studying these enzymes and emphasizing recent advancements in assays using DNA nanotechnology. These innovations have substantially improved accuracy and expanded the understanding of enzyme activity. This perspective will showcase the versatile utility of DNA nanotechnology in advancing scientific knowledge and its application in exploring new drug candidates, particularly in the study of topoisomerase enzymes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the fact Ukraine sees the process of European integration as one of the main directions of its further development, which is confirmed by the resolution of the European Parliament, according to which Ukraine was granted the status of a candidate country for joining the European Union, the study of the experience of the leading countries of the European Union (hereinafter -- the EU) should become a certain basis in the process of reforming the judiciary, the Institute of Advocacy is a part of which. Modern Ukrainian legislation in the context of remuneration for a lawyer's professional activity has significant shortcomings and contradictions, and with regard to the so-called «success fee», the judicial practice is ambiguous and has already changed several times in previous years. At the same time, the institution of a lawyer's remuneration for his professional activity needs changes and clarifications also in connection with the fact that the main categorical apparatus, which is used in the regulation of issues of this institute, is not coordinated with its European counterparts, and therefore leads to the emergence of legislative collisions in the future during a closer relationship between Ukraine and the EU countries after Ukraine becomes a member of the EU countries. A study of the historical analysis of the emergence and development of the institution of remuneration of a lawyer for his professional activity, as well as methods of calculating the amount and payment of a lawyer's fee, forms and methods, which contributes to a comprehensive study of this institution. At the same time, on the basis of a comparative analysis between the studied institute in Ukraine and Germany, it is advisable to develop ways of improving Ukrainian legislat ion in this field. Special attention is paid to the so-called «success fee» of a lawyer for his professional activity, the issues of application of this type of lawyer's fee both in Ukraine and in Germany are investigated. On the basis of the analysis, those issues that require further regulation at the legislative level in Ukraine and the identification of types of «success fee» have been identified on the example of how this issue is resolved in the EU countries, taking into account the practice of the European Court of Human Rights. The article is based on general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge, namely: the dialectical method, the method of synthesis and analysis, the comparative legal method, as well as historical and terminological approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sustainability science has become a crucial aspect of interdisciplinary research aimed at finding practical solutions and driving lasting change. This article examines the challenges facing sustainability science to move beyond the analysis of problems within interconnected systems and critically evaluate the interplay of social, political, and technological factors in the application of knowledge to action. Results: The study highlights the influence of innovation implemented by companies on their sustainability performance, the establishment of innovations that positively affect sustainability performance, and analyzes the youth and local community perspectives on scientific innovations for a sustainable future. Conclusions: The main conclusion is that sustainable development needs to focus on four areas of research: the impact of values ​​on research and decisions; community perspectives on sustainability; fostering socio-technical progress; and promoting learning for sustainable development. By decoding science, positive change can be achieved through the implementation of strategies such as transparency, understandability, and openness to scientific knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Buildings that constitute cultural heritage and that are the identity of a defined geographical area are increasingly being restored to offer the community historical places to enjoy. Often the restoration preserves the original structure and building materials, which are usually natural stones. In this study, a radioprotection protocol dedicated to this kind of built environment was proposed and validated. Methods: After identifying the two predominant types of building material stones (Rosso ammonitico and Pietra Serena), radiometric measurements for natural gamma-emitting radionuclides (Ra-226, Th-232, and K-40) and measurements of the emanation coefficient and calculation of the exhalation rate of radon gas were carried out. Results: The two types of stone have a content of natural radionuclides that do not exceed the levels recommended by the regulations. The difference between the two types of stone is of an order of magnitude indicating that the red ammonite has a greater radiological impact than the pietra serena. Discussion: The results, in addition to ensuring the radioprotection of the population, highlighted the need to increase the number of this kind of investigations to implement scientific knowledge and serve the stakeholders involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The evidence base for the effectiveness of art therapy continues to grow, even as a mechanistic understanding of how art therapy works remains limited. One promising avenue for increasing our understanding of how and why art therapy works is through the lens of neuroscience. A neuroscience-based approach to art therapy provides opportunities for improving understanding of the neural processes that underlie the complex interaction between perception, cognition, emotion and behavior that play out in the art therapy process. Understanding how therapeutic change occurs can result in improved treatment and better outcomes for clients. However, it can be tricky to connect art therapy and psychological theory directly to neural responses. The purposes of this perspective are to provide an overview of the current evidence and limits of neurobiological concepts of neuroplasticity, mirror systems, and interoception as applied to art therapy practice, and to provide updated information about outdated concepts that are still actively used in clinical practice. Critical analysis and understanding of the current scientific knowledge base can then be used to guide art therapy practice and support the development of hypothesis-based research to determine the primary mechanisms that drive the observed effects of art therapy interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To address the research-practice gap, knowledge translation is a crucial step in which co-creation, including patient and public involvement (PPI), is key. We performed a knowledge translation project in co-creation with all stakeholders as equal partners in the design and decision-making process. The project was based on scientific knowledge of a large research program on development of children and young adults with cerebral palsy (CP). It aimed to synthesize the knowledge on development of children and youth with CP, and to develop tools that are useful for health care professionals, persons with CP, and families. This paper describes the knowledge translation process applied in the project, specifically how the 'key principles' employed to ensure co-creation were operationalised, including reflections on the process and lessons learned. Main body: Three key principles were defined to guarantee involvement of all stakeholders as equal partners in the design and decision-making process: a shared vision on collaboration and partnership, transparency: open and honest communication, and co-creation as a stepwise, iterative process. These key principles are based on literature and earlier experiences. They are described in more detail and are illustrated with examples from the knowledge translation project. The iterative co-creation process can be regarded as a cyclical process, including planning, conducting, reflection, evaluation, and refining the product and the process. This means that there was a continuous learning cycle in which we learned from the challenges and successes, now and then taking a step back. Based on our reflections the most important lessons learned are summarized. Conclusion: The key principles were helpful in this knowledge translation process. Reflecting on these principles during the joint journey secured co-creation with all stakeholders as equal partners in the design and decision-making process. By sharing experiences, key principles, examples and lessons learned we intend to advance knowledge in PPI, and to inspire others. Plain English Summary: To bridge the gap between research and real-world practice, knowledge translation is essential, and it needs to involve patients as the end-users. In this paper we describe the process of knowledge translation from a large study about development of children and young adults with cerebral palsy. We aimed to co-create useful information and tools, together with and specifically for families, health care professionals, and researchers. Three main principles were applied to ensure all partners collaborated equally: a shared vision on collaboration and partnership, transparency: open and honest communication, and co-creation as a stepwise, iterative process. To inspire others, this article describes these key principles, including examples, and summarizes the lessons learned based on our evaluation and reflections on the project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complementary use and transfer of empirical and scientific knowledge are essential for the holistic and sustainable management of fishing resources. To understand how both types of knowledge are transferred in fishing communities in three regions of Mexico, we conducted 120 in-depth interviews with young people, adults, and older adults who participated in various activities within fishing value networks. During the interviews, we identified who participated in transferring knowledge within communities, what lessons were passed on, what knowledge has been lost, and what scientific topics are known within the communities. We also investigated the sector's most used means of communication to further explore the transfer of scientific and technical knowledge and the fundamental roles of external actors in transferring knowledge within communities. The information was coded, categorized, and analyzed for each question. The interviewees valued the continuity of inheriting traditional knowledge, which included teaching practical skills, such as fishing techniques and navigation, and transmitting values, traditions, and ways of understanding and relating to the marine environment. The interviewees perceived knowledge transfer as a bidirectional exchange of knowledge, ideas, and practices among generations. Furthermore, they recognized the value of external actors with scientific and technical knowledge in promoting innovation and adapting to new challenges. The combination of knowledge and perspectives enriches fisheries management and marine environmental conservation. Promoting the transfer of traditional and scientific knowledge is fundamental to building a future where fishing and marine life coexist in harmony and prosperity. The responsibility of supporting this integration falls on fishing communities and external actors. Working together in this collaborative learning process is the key to achieving sustainable resource management and ensuring the continuity of this valuable tradition for future generations. In doing so, these communities' cultural and ecological richness can be preserved, ensuring a lasting balance between people and the sea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peculiarities of legal regulation of population protection during radiation emergency situations at nuclear power plants under martial law conditions have been studied. The decisive link is the prevention of emergency situations at NPPs, the provision of deep-echeloned five-level protection of NPPs in accordance with NP 3062.141-2008 “General provisions for the safety of nuclear plants”. In wartime conditions, additional threats to the NPP as a critical infrastructure facility should be taken into account, including cyber terrorism, cyberespionage, threats of terrorist acts, threats of missile attacks, information threats, as well as the threat of loss of power supply for the NPP’s own needs. The need to create a regulatory body in Ukraine for the implementation of state policy on nuclear and radiation safety issues, as a state collegial body of executive power with a special status, through the adoption of the relevant Law, with the determination of the features of the state regulation of nuclear and radiation safety during the period of martial law, in particular to determine by law, is substantiated conditions for introducing maximum autonomy in NPP management, maximum simplification and minimal intervention in NPP operation while preserving all actions related to ensuring nuclear and radiation safety; proper organization of interaction with the public. According to the results of the study, taking into account the experience of the EU, it is proposed to introduce a system of independent advisory and advisory bodies based on the National Commission for Radiation Protection of the Population of Ukraine (NKRZU), which was formed in accordance with the Declaration on the State Sovereignty of Ukraine of July 16, 1990, as a permanently active higher independent collegial scientific and expert advisory body on anti-radiation protection and radiation safety of the population of Ukraine, with the aim of identifying problematic issues and providing recommendations on the specifics of developing plans for the protection of personnel and the population in the event of radiation accidents at nuclear plants. The research uses the general dialectical method, the method of scientific knowledge, the method of interpreting legal norms, the formal legal method, the comparative legal method, and the method of systemic analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the dialogue and circulation of scientific knowledge in the South-South context between Brazil and the African Portuguese Speaking Countries (PALOP), focusing on the Political Science and Political Sociology fields. The main questions are: What strategies have been implemented to foster educational cooperation between Brazil and African countries? How much and for whom do these policies provide educational opportunities? Methodologically, the analysis covers historical, political, and diplomatic aspects that have driven collaboration between Brazil and PALOP in education. We based our analysis on a qualitative literature review, triangulated with quantitative data from Brazilian educational policies. The main conclusion is that Brazil has played a relevant role in training PALOP professionals in recent decades through its foreign policy in the educational field, enabling an epistemic dialogue between Africa and Latin America. Therefore, educational cooperation establishes bridges connecting the Brazilian way of thinking and building Social Sciences and the scientific approaches developed in the PALOP, which can serve as an example for other countries that want to strengthen South-South knowledge production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the historical and legal aspects of the formation and development of the oldest scientific centers of Kyivan Rus at the end of the 10th and beginning of the 12th centuries. Art., as well as the economic and legal regime of their property. It has been studied that in Kyivan Rus, as one of the powerful states of Europe in the IX–XII centuries. starting from the 10th century a significant development of education, literature and science was observed, which is connected with the Baptism of Vladimir the Great of Russia, the introduction of Byzantine, canonical law and the formation of the original ancient Russian state and legal thought. It has been established that education and science gained special development under Grand Duke Yaroslav the Wise at the end of the 10th century. and the formation of the first national science center in Ukraine – the academic center «Yaroslav Academy», which was established at Sophia Cathedral in 1037. It was found that the activities of the «Yaroslav Academy» were based on both national traditions and the use of ancient and Bulgarian-Byzantine experience. It was noted that the activities of the «Yaroslav Academy» were characterized by the presence of a spectrum of scientific directions: translation activities, creation of own literary works and the first legal monuments («Pravda Ruska»). It has been established that the «Yaroslav Academy» should be considered the first scientific academic environment on the territory of medieval Ukraine, which operated in the format of reviving and spreading scientific knowledge and creating its own scientific works. It is noted that one of the important issues of the Yaroslav Academy’s activities is the study of the economic and legal regime of its property. The article analyzes the legal regulation of land ownership, including the land ownership of the church (Kyiv Metropolis). It was found that the institution of the metropolis provided for the right to independent church-administrative activity in the internal affairs of its diocese. It was established that the management of church property was carried out in accordance with the church statutes. It was concluded that the economic management of the property of the «Yaroslav Academy» was carried out by the Kyiv Metropolitanate, which had the right to manage church property, which was formed at the expense of the «princely tithe», which was deducted in favor of the Church (Kyiv Metropolis) and profits from «church courts». [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides a historical analysis of the institution of abuse of law in the states of the RomanoGermanic legal family. In particular, with the help of a set of philosophical-worldview, general scientific, special scientific methods (primarily, dialectical, historical-legal and comparative-legal) and principles of scientific knowledge, the evolution of theoretical ideas about the abuse of law, their consolidation in legislation and practical implementation in individual states of the Romano-Germanic legal family (Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Spain, France). It is argued that modern ideas about the abuse of law are based on the provisions of Roman law. Theoretical approaches to the abuse of law contained in the works of leading European legal scholars (A. Binder, T. Geise, W. Erman, L. Dugis, W. Siebert, V. Roberto and others) were analyzed. On the basis of a comparative analysis of normative legal acts regulating the issue of abuse of law (German Civil Code, Austrian Civil Code, Civil Codes of Switzerland, Spain and France), characteristic features and general trends of the legal establishment of the category “abuse of law” in the states of the RomanoGermanic legal system have been revealed family. It was established that theoretical approaches to understanding the category of “law abuse” were most actively developed by scientists in Germany and France. In particular, general approaches to the essence and features of the abuse of the right have been developed, mechanisms for counteracting the harmful exercise of the right, etc. have been proposed. At the same time, the legislation of Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Spain and France also uses the experience of other countries, transforming it through their own culture and traditions. This is due to certain features of the legislative establishment of the inadmissibility of the abuse of the right. It was concluded that due to the existence in the states of the Romano-Germanic legal family of a general ban on the abuse of law, legal science had the opportunity to investigate not only specific cases of unfair exercise of the law, but also the phenomenon of abuse of law in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between the mid-1970s and mid-1980s, molecular simulations emerged as a transformative force within materials science. Sidney Yip's early contributions at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, alongside his involvement in the 1985 International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi" in Varenna, Italy, catalyzed the convergence of traditional methods with computational techniques and helped drive a redefinition of the discipline's epistemic and methodological boundaries. This article argues that Yip's biography and professional trajectory as a Chinese-born engineer and scientist in the United States during the Cold War facilitated the acceptance and advancement of molecular simulations within materials research. His work also attracted the interest of leaders from established fields, such as condensed matter physics and chemical physics, to explore the potential applications of these techniques in materials science. In examining his journey, this study illuminates the dual processes of cultural assimilation and hybridity, and highlights Yip's boundary work that promoted the integration of diverse epistemic traditions and heterogeneous communities. The analysis traces the epistemological transformations, methodological shifts, and the institutional and disciplinary dynamics that fostered the incorporation of molecular simulations into materials science. This examination foregrounds the co-construction of scientific knowledge and technological practice through Yip's boundary work, and offers an assessment of his contributions within the broader sociotechnical networks that shaped the field. Recognizing the paucity of existing historiography on the subject, this article aims to establish a framework based on primary sources that can serve as a foundation for future scholarly inquiry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We analyse the extent to which sustainable development influences the co‐production of regulations that target new technologies in the European Union (EU). We start by identifying the conventional forms of knowledge that serve as inputs into that co‐productive process, namely scientific, societal and legal knowledge. We show that sustainability‐related propositions have gained considerable traction in the regulation of genetic modification (GM) in the EU. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that sustainability cannot be reduced to scientific or societal knowledge. As far as the overlap between sustainability knowledge and legal knowledge is concerned, it is undeniable that sustainable development is deeply embedded into EU regulation; however, treating sustainable development solely as an element of the law does not capture the material influence that it exerts on society and technology, not to speak of its evolutionary flexibility. It follows that it would be best to treat sustainability as a separate input into the co‐creation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction of a citizenry that makes decisions critically and based on scientific thought is one of the greatest challenges of our times. The dissemination of science is positioned as a valuable resource to achieve this purpose, communicating scientific knowledge in an affordable way to a non-specialist audience. However, outreach activities are scarce, especially for boys and girls, making it difficult to promote scientific vocations. Therefore, the objective of this research was to present the program Sowing for Research, which aims to promote interest in the dissemination of science among girls and boys in basic education, through the line of research strategies and technologies for learning, as well as describing the preliminary results of the first generation of girls divulgers. The research approach was qualitative, through phenomenology, and discussion groups were held with the girls, their mothers and three collaborators of the program. Among the main results we have that the girl communicators during their participation in the program developed skills that are not recognized as common among boys and girls of their age, so they were figures to follow among their peers and figures of admiration among more advanced students and adults. It is concluded that a scientific dissemination program in basic education is a relevant resource complementary to formal education, to promote early scientific vocations, as well as to increase the possibilities of social mobility of participants, especially in children from places of high marginalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sensitized by the need to design didactic proposals to integrate the nature of science (NOS) into science education, a learning situation is substantiated and described. Its design assumes an explicit and reflective approach, as suggested by didactic research for NOS teaching. The learning situation consists of reading and discussing the content of a science news item published in the Spanish digital media elDiario.es during the coronavirus pandemic. The news item presents a debate in the virology community on whether viruses should be considered living beings. This makes it ideal for reflecting on the importance of debates in science and the revisable nature of scientific knowledge. The learning situation is designed to be implemented from the 2nd cycle of compulsory secondary education (14-16 years old), including initial science teacher training, through appropriate adaptations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a Project-Based Learning proposal implemented in a Vocational Training classroom to address biomedical research with the students of the Molecular Biology and Cytogenetics module. The objective is to detect challenges and adaptations required throughout the project to attend the needs of the students and the assessment of the project in terms of preparation for the world of work. A design-based research methodology is followed that allows us to carry out an analysis of the changes made to the project to meet the challenges presented, as well as a categorization of the benefits pointed out by the 21 participants as project's contributions to their professional future, among them the improvement of their ability to work- team and a better acquisition of scientific knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the design of a teaching sequence on the structure of matter and chemical reactivity in the laboratory following the approach of teaching science through scientific practices, in particular through scientific inquiry. Special emphasis is placed on the use of epistemic knowledge involved in this scientific practice to ensure that students learn Chemistry in a meaningful way that is consistent with how scientific knowledge is developed, and on the development of critical thinking. The sequence is designed to be implemented in the subject Physics and Chemistry for 8th graders (13-14 years old) and for students working in small groups. The implementation of this sequence in two classes suggests that using epistemic knowledge is complex for students and it is appreciated only when it is explicitly promoted through questions inserted in the handouts of the activities or prompted by the teacher through her interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change is generating levels of environmental risk that are jeopardising modern development. As the management of water systems becomes more difficult, approaches to governance and engagement within regions are increasingly shaping adaptation successes and failures. We use theory on hydrosocial systems and risk to critically analyse stakeholder experiences of a transition in South Australian water management in peri‐urban Adelaide, with detail from the Langhorne Creek viticultural region. Local prescription of water resources has limited over‐exploitation and supported landowners to use water in sophisticated ways. When community stakeholders deliberated on common concerns with governance organisations for mutually beneficial outcomes, decision‐making supported successful hydrosocial adaptation. Ongoing challenges, such as a lack of confidence in the scientific knowledge guiding decisions, were accentuated when the process was politicised and engagement became inauthentic. If trust between governance organisations and local stakeholders is broken, it is difficult to re‐engage the farming community with adaptation decision‐making. In contrast, by working closely with community end‐users, government can enable appropriate behaviour and guide adaptive management. Attention to hydrosocial processes will be crucial to facilitate effective local adaptation policy in response to climate risk. In Langhorne Creek, and elsewhere in peri‐urban Adelaide, constraints to water resource allocations have been accepted or even welcomed by the community. Authentic engagement between governance organisations and farmers has enabled complex adaptation responses to risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a heuristic tool aiming at bringing the multiple dimensions of interdisciplinarity (ID) and transdisciplinarity (TD) into direct conversation for researchers, funders, and policymakers. These societal actors have divergent conceptions, definitions, and practices of ID and TD that can be fruitfully put into dialogue to prosecute successful projects and programs. We anchor our study on the concept of "knowledge regime" and its three components (ideologies and myths, shared beliefs and practices, and imaginaries and values) to develop a comprehensive view of the heterogeneous understandings of ID and TD that goes beyond the cognitive dimension. Founded on a qualitative methodology, we designed a heuristic tool to disentangle this heterogeneity and bridge the different understandings in a comparable way. Through a semi-structured dialogue, users of the tool discuss ten questions that guide reflections on understandings of ID and TD used in projects, funding programs, and policy processes and their implications to reveal differences and increase mutual understanding. The findings offer details on the tool and systematize insights from those users who tested it in different contexts. We conclude by discussing the contribution this heuristic tool makes when considering ID and TD as knowledge regimes in the scientific and policy domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Owing to the rapid development of Earth observation and Internet technology, researchers have acquired and shared a large amount of Earth observation data. However, traditional data sharing does not provide direct solutions to problems. The large amount of tacit knowledge contained in scientific data, scientific literature, analysis models, software/code, documentation, and other scientific resources on Earth observation applications has not been effectively organized and shared. To solve this problem, the Group on Earth Observations proposed an Earth Observation Knowledge Hub (EOKH); however, there is no unified and clear method for building an EOKH to date. This paper presents an automatic construction method for an EOKH on the basis of a knowledge graph, which describes scientific data, scientific literature, analysis models, software/code, documentation, and other scientific resources and their semantic relationships. An automatic discovery algorithm of scientific and technological resources was also constructed in this study on the basis of a knowledge graph from the Internet. This algorithm is capable of the automatic creation of knowledge packages and the construction of links between knowledge elements. Then, the knowledge discovery algorithm was evaluated through comparison with an existing method in relation to accuracy, and the results showed that our method outperforms the existing method. Lastly, the knowledge package was published on the Linked Open Data Cloud platform in the Resource Description Framework format, and an EOKH was created. Moreover, an application terminal based on SPARQL allowing users to search the EOKH was developed. A clear and operational method for the construction of an EOKH is proposed for the first time in this research, laying the foundation for the development of the EOKH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endoscopic ear surgery has gained increasing popularity starting from the early 2000s, introducing new anatomical, physiological and surgical concepts in ear and lateral skull base surgery. Its development has brought new scientific knowledge, thus improving surgical technique with a minimally invasive attitude. The aim of this perspective is to review and summarize all the steps that brought endoscopic ear surgery from a surgery practiced by a few teams to a worldwide recognized advancement in otology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the impact of stratosphere-troposphere interactions on extreme weather events, particularly in South Asia, and the challenges in predicting monsoon weather extremes. An international workshop, STIPMEX, was held in Pune, India, to address these issues and explore future pathways for improving weather forecasts. The workshop included training sessions for early career scientists, oral talks by experts, and discussions on the role of stratospheric processes, observations, and modeling in predicting extreme weather events. Recommendations were made to enhance climate intervention modeling experiments, improve observation protocols, and collaborate internationally for better extreme weather predictions. [Extracted from the article]

The restoration of culturally significant landscapes poses formidable challenges given more than 160 years of settler‐colonial land use change and a rapidly changing climate. A novel approach to these challenges braids Indigenous and western scientific knowledge. This case study braids Indigenous plant knowledge, species distribution models (SDMs), and climate models to inform restoration of the Bear River Massacre site in Idaho, now stewarded by the Northwestern Band of the Shoshone Nation. MaxEnt SDMs were used to project the future spatial distribution of culturally significant plant species under medium (SSP2‐4.5) and high (SSP5‐8.5) emissions scenarios. These results support Tribal revegetation priorities and approaches, identified by tradeoffs between each species' current and future suitability. This research contributes to a knowledge‐braiding approach to the analysis of climate risks, vulnerabilities, and restoration possibilities for Indigenous‐led restoration projects by using the Wuda Ogwa ecological restoration site as a case study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the importance of discerning truth in a world where misinformation is prevalent, particularly due to social media. It emphasizes the need to critically evaluate information presented, especially in scientific studies, to make informed decisions. The authors provide a checklist for assessing the validity of claims, highlighting the significance of context, evidence, study design, and potential biases. The article underscores the necessity of questioning sources, methods, and statistics to combat misinformation effectively. [Extracted from the article]

Cannabinoids, derived from the Cannabis sativa plant, have garnered increasing attention for their potential therapeutic applications in various diseases. The pharmacologically active compounds in Cannabis , such as delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol, exhibit diverse immunomodulatory properties. Although studies have explored the effects of cannabinoids on immune function, their specific interactions with the thymus, a primary immune organ critical for T-cell development and maturation, remain an intriguing area of investigation. As the thymus plays a fundamental role in shaping the immune repertoire, understanding the interplay between cannabinoids and thymic function may shed light on potential benefits or concerns associated with Cannabis -based therapies. This article aims to provide an overview of the current scientific knowledge regarding the impact of medicinal Cannabis on the thymus and its implications for disease treatment and immune health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Societal Impact Statement: Unraveling the genetic intricacies and evolutionary history of Asian Hickories through advanced genome sequencing gives valuable insights into their ecological adaptations. Understanding the impact of historical dynamics, climate fluctuations, and geographical barriers on Asian hickories not only contributes to scientific knowledge but also empowers policymakers with evidence‐based decisions and guides conservationists in their efforts to protect vulnerable species. The identification of potential habitats, especially for the endangered Carya kweichowensis, offers a promising avenue for targeted conservation efforts, aligning with global initiatives to preserve Earth's precious biodiversity, but also ensures the conservation of a vital genetic reservoir for nut‐bearing economic tree species. Summary: Biogeographic characteristics of disjunct distribution play a vital role in plant geography and the endangered mechanism. The whole genome resequencing provides an opportunity to study the genetic relationship, population diffusion, and floristic evolution of disjunctive‐distribution flora. Based on the SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) data generated by the whole genome deep resequencing of five EA (Eastern Asian) Carya species, we constructed the phylogenetic tree, genetic structure, and species distribution modeling to clarify the phylogenetic relationships and to predict the potential distribution area of EA Carya. Phylogenetic analysis of Carya revealed two distinct clades, separating EA Carya from NA (North America) Carya. C. kweichowensis, an endangered species, showed the lowest nucleotide diversity and the earliest divergence among studied EA Carya species. Species distribution modeling predicted suitable habitats for five EA Carya species, revealing the potential distribution of endangered C. kweichowensis. Importantly, minimal spatial overlap was observed among distribution regions of EA Carya species during different time periods. The uneven regional distribution of EA Carya is believed to be a consequence of Quaternary climate fluctuations, mountain barriers hindering species dispersal, and the limited cold tolerance of these trees. EA Carya highlights the significant role of climate and geological changes in their regional distribution and migration routes in Asia. Furthermore, the discovery of potential habitats offers a promising avenue for the conservation of C. kweichowensis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Promoting the education of talented and gifted students is a crucial aspect of establishing a strong society focused on scientific knowledge. This praxis article delves into the implementation of strategies in the Syrian Arab Republic to support and identify gifted students, focusing on initiatives such as the Syrian Scientific Olympiad, the National Centre for Distinguished Students, and Academic Programs for Distinguished Students. Data collection methods utilized in this study shed light on the outcomes of these initiatives and measures taken to promote gifted education in Syria. The analysis of this data provides insights into the impact of these programs on gifted students in crisis-stricken regions. The study emphasizes the significant role played by the Distinction and Creativity Agency in nurturing exceptional talents and fostering personal growth. Overall, the support provided to gifted students contributes to cognitive advancement, psychological well-being, and skill development, enhancing their overall well-being and paving the way for successful futures. The government's commitment to supporting gifted education in the Syrian Arab Republic reflects its dedication to promoting talent and creativity in the Arab region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the importance of diversity, equity, and inclusion in developmental science. It highlights the need for representative samples, diverse research participants, and inclusive scientific practices to enhance the understanding of human development. The text emphasizes the impact of sociocultural factors on developmental processes and calls for a broader perspective that considers global diversity. It also addresses challenges and opportunities in implementing open science practices to promote inclusivity and transparency in research. The article concludes by outlining priorities for achieving a diverse, equitable, and inclusive science in developmental research. [Extracted from the article]

Neither of the seemingly straightforward approaches of retaining the human at the top of the hierarchy of beings and of flattening human personhood solves the question of non-human personhood. But the concept of personhood does have the resources to address this issue, if we take it as a kind of moral agency. The way that humans develop moral agency through their temporality, historicity and community must be mapped onto the personhood of animals, but this is extremely difficult and must await more scientific knowledge and wiser and more empathetic human understanding. It is in our hands, rather than the commandment of a non-human reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To date, most efforts to decolonise curricula have focussed on the arts and humanities, with many believing that science subjects are objective, unbiased, and unaffected by colonial legacies. However, science is shaped by both contemporary and historical culture. Science has been used to support imperialism, to extract and exploit knowledge and natural resources, and to justify racist and ableist ideologies. Colonial legacies continue to affect scientific knowledge generation and shape contemporary research priorities. In the biomedical sciences, research biases can feed into wider health inequalities. Reflection of these biases in our taught curricula risks perpetuating long‐standing inequities to future generations of scientists. We examined attitudes and understanding towards decolonising and diversifying the curriculum among students and teaching staff in the biomedical sciences at the University of Bristol, UK, to discover whether our current teaching practice is perceived as inclusive. We used a mixed methods study including surveys of staff (N = 71) and students (N = 121) and focus groups. Quantitative data showed that staff and students think decolonising the curriculum is important, but this is more important to female respondents (P < 0.001). Students are less aware than staff of current efforts to decolonise the curriculum, while students from minority ethnic groups feel less represented by the curriculum than white students. Thematic analysis of qualitative data revealed three themes that are important for a decolonised curriculum in our context: rediscovery, representation and readiness. We propose that this '3Rs framework' could guide future efforts to decolonise and diversify the curriculum in the biomedical sciences and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights the enriching experiences of recipients of travel awards for food safety professionals attending International Association for Food Protection 2024 in Long Beach, California. Topics include networking opportunities, mentorship experiences, and insights into food safety regulations and emerging issues.

The article discusses the urgent need for effective food safety education amid the pervasive spread of misinformation, disinformation, and malinformation. Topics include the definitions and impacts of misinformation in food safety, the role of media and social platforms in propagating false information, and the importance of clear, emotionally engaging communication to enhance public understanding and behavior regarding food safety practices.

This article explores the history of the banana industry in Jamaica and its decline due to the spread of Panama Disease. The Boston Fruit Company played a significant role in transforming the industry from smallholdings to plantations. The disease had a devastating impact on Jamaica's banana exports, leading to a decline in the industry. The article also discusses the value of environmental history in understanding Caribbean agricultural systems and the broader history of agricultural modernization. It highlights the adaptive strategies of Afro-Jamaican smallholders and challenges the notion of marginalized communities as passive victims. The field of Caribbean environmental history is still developing, and this article offers a glimpse into the complex region and its history. [Extracted from the article]

Comprehending the state of the art of certified B Corps and sustainable business ecosystems (SBE) is crucial to affirming the role of B Corps in SBE development. The aim of this paper is to systematise the scientific knowledge related to both concepts and explore the role and contributions of these enterprises in the SBE. To date, no study has jointly carried out a bibliometric analysis and discussed the state of the art of B Corps and SBEs in management literature. A sample of 696 research documents from 2006 to 2024, extracted from the Web of Science and Scopus databases, has been analysed. The results show a strong relationship with the stakeholder and circular economy theories and a weaker relationship with the institutional theory, among others. The SBE literature is closely connected to sustainable and innovation business models, social entrepreneurship, and it is especially associated with social and environmental impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nunatsiavut is a self-governing Inuit territory in northern coastal Labrador, where cultural knowledge and social values are incorporated into co-managed subsistence and commercial fisheries. Snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio), known as Putjotik in Inuttitut (the Nunatsiavut dialect of Inuktitut), is a comanaged fishery through the Torngat Joint Fisheries Board (TJFB) and plays a crucial role in sustaining the community of Makkovik. Arctic Char (IKaluk) is also harvested in co-managed subsistence and commercial fisheries, and is a staple in local economies and culture. In 2022, the TJFB partnered with Inuit educators to foster youth stewardship in a project called Paigitsiaguk. The Paigitsiaguk project bridges Inuit and scientific knowledge to nurture cultural values and environmental stewardship through providing place and land-based resources to educators. The project team created a comprehensive database of curriculum outcomes required by the Newfoundland and Labrador school system, and then designed culturally relevant learning activities that presented Inuit knowledge with science and social studies for students in Nunatsiavut. These resources include learning activities that are organized into education kits: one of which is centered on Putjotik and another on IKaluk. The Putjotik kit has 23 activities tailored to meet grade-specific learning outcomes, while the IKaluk kit provides 12 place-based learning activities appropriate for multiple grade levels. By providing localized and culturally relevant education resources to teachers that revolve around stewarding local fish species and their ecosystems, youth are connecting to their communities and to the coastal environment. Educational resources and learning activities reflect Inuit and scientific knowledge systems, and position teachers as facilitators to encourage students to learn from the land and Elders, knowledge holders, fishers, scientists, and managers. This paper reflects the promising futures that this work can contribute to; from facilitating intergenerational knowledge transmission from knowledge holders to youth, to encouraging self-determined stewardship activities that encourage care for the ocean and its fisheries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This theoretical paper focuses on the social processes of public engagement with science and their implications for science education. The core of our argument is that science education should help people become better at evaluating, using, and curating their epistemic networks to make personal and civic decisions and to understand the natural world. In this context, an epistemic network is a set of people who support sensemaking by providing new information and aiding in the interpretation and reconstruction of scientific knowledge in context. We believe epistemic networks are an important consideration for science education, particularly when misinformation plays an outsized role in the cultural landscape. Understanding when epistemic networks are useful and how science education should incorporate them requires a clear sense of how they work in different contexts. We start by contrasting the inevitably social nature of all public engagement with science with the particularly social or interpersonal nature of some public engagement with science. We draw on research from education, communication, and science and technology studies to develop the idea of an epistemic network and to describe two basic types: the individual resource network and the collective action network. We illustrate each type with an extended example that is hypothetical but informed by both research and experience. Finally, we discuss how science education can incorporate epistemic networks, as well as the challenges inherent in that educational strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]