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2 results on '"SCHOOL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF CANTERBURY CHRISTCHURCH NZL"'

1. Increasing climate‐driven taxonomic homogenization but functional differentiation among river macroinvertebrate assemblages

Author

Théophile L. Mouton, Fabrice Stephenson, Jonathan D. Tonkin, Piet Verburg, Mathieu Floury, MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), SCHOOL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF CANTERBURY CHRISTCHURCH NZL, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Environmental change, Climate, Population, Homogenization (climate), Biodiversity, Climate change, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Freshwater ecosystem, diversity, human disturbance, Rivers, Environmental Chemistry, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, education, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Global and Planetary Change, education.field_of_study, &#946, Ecology, Resistance (ecology), 15. Life on land, functional diversity, biotic homogenization, climate change, Geography, 13. Climate action, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, &#8208, New Zealand, freshwater macroinvertebrates
Abstract

Global change is increasing biotic homogenisation globally, which modifies the functioning of ecosystems. While tendencies towards taxonomic homogenisation in biological communities have been extensively studied, functional homogenisation remains an understudied facet of biodiversity. Here, we tested four hypotheses related to long‐term changes (1991 ‐ 2016) in the taxonomic and functional arrangement of freshwater macroinvertebrate assemblages across space and possible drivers of these changes. Using data collected annually at 64 river sites in mainland New Zealand, we related temporal changes in taxonomic and functional spatial β‐diversity, and the contribution of individual sites to β‐diversity, to a set of global, regional, catchment and reach‐scale environmental descriptors. We observed long‐term, mostly climate induced, temporal trends towards taxonomic homogenisation but functional differentiation among macroinvertebrate assemblages. These changes were mainly driven by replacements of species and functional traits among assemblages, rather than nested species loss. In addition, there was no difference between the mean rate of change in the taxonomic and functional facets of β‐diversity. Climatic processes governed overall population and community changes in these freshwater ecosystems, but were amplified by multiple anthropogenic, topographic, and biotic drivers of environmental change, acting widely across the landscape. The functional diversification of communities could potentially provide communities with greater stability, resistance, and resilience capacity to environmental change, despite ongoing taxonomic homogenisation. Therefore, our study highlights a need to further understand temporal trajectories in both taxonomic and functional components of species communities, which could enable a clearer picture of how biodiversity and ecosystems will respond to future global changes.

Published
2020

2. The three Rs of river ecosystem resilience: Resources, recruitment, and refugia

Author

Van Looy, K., Tonkin, J.D., Floury, M., Leigh, C., Soininen, J., Larsen, S., Heino, J., Le Roy Poff, N., Delong, M., Jahnig, S.C., Datry, T., Bonada, N., Tison-Rosebery, Juliette, Jamoneau, Aurélien, Ormerod, S.J., Collier, K.J., Wolter, C., Institute of Bio- and Geosciences [Jülich] (IBG), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany, Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Griffith University [Brisbane], University of Helsinki, Natural Environment Centre [Oulu], Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Grup de Recerca 'Freshwater Biology and Management' (FEM), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Unité Dynamiques des Systèmes Anthropisés, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), School of Biosciences [Cardiff], Cardiff University, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology & Inland Fisheries, IRSTEA Lyon, DEPARTMENT OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY CORVALLIS OREGON USA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), School of biological Sciences [Christchurch], University of Canterbury [Christchurch], Queensland University of Technology [Brisbane] (QUT), Australian Rivers Institute, German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, Leipzig, Germany, Partenaires INRAE, DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY FORT COLLINS COLORADO USA, Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), University of Canberra, DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY WINONA STATE UNIVERSITY WINONA MINNESOTA USA, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), IRSTEA Bordeaux, Univ Waikato, Sch Sci, Environm Res Inst, Hamilton, New Zealand, Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF) 1 LN1320A, H2020 Science with and for Society 642317, European Project: 642317,H2020,H2020-SC5-2014-two-stage,AQUACROSS(2015), INSTITUTE OF BIO AND GEOSCIENCESJULICH DEU, RiverLy (UR Riverly), SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING FACULTY QUEENSLAND UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY BRISBANE AUS, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), FINNISH ENVIRONMENT INSTITUTE OULU FIN, INSTITUTE FOR APPLIED ECOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF CANBERRA AUS, LEIBNIZ INSTITUTE OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY AND INLAND FISHERIES BERLIN DEU, GRUP DE RECERCA FRESHWATER ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT DE BIOLOGIA EVOLUTIVA ECOLOGIA I CIENCIES AMBIENTALS FACULTAT DE BIOLOGIA INSTITUT DE RECERCA DE LA BIODIVERSITAT UNIVERSITAT DE BARCELONA ESP, Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Water Research Institute [Cardiff], ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE THE UNIVERSITY OF WAIKATO HAMILTON NZL, SCHOOL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF CANTERBURY CHRISTCHURCH NZL, and IDIV GERMAN CENTRE OF INTEGRATIVE BIODIVERSITY RESEARCH LEIPZIG DEU

Subjects
disturbance, resilience trait, recruitment, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, resource partitioning, functional redundancy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

[Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]QUASARE [ADD1_IRSTEA]Systèmes aquatiques soumis à des pressions multiples [Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]QUASARE [ADD1_IRSTEA]Systèmes aquatiques soumis à des pressions multiples; International audience; Resilience in river ecosystems requires that organisms must persist in the face of highly dynamic hydrological and geomorphological variations. Disturbance events such as floods and droughts are postulated to shape life history traits that support resilience, but river management and conservation would benefit from greater understanding of the emergent effects in communities of river organisms. We unify current knowledge of taxonomic‐, phylogenetic‐, and trait‐based aspects of river communities that might aid the identification and quantification of resilience mechanisms. Temporal variations in river productivity, physical connectivity, and environmental heterogeneity resulting from floods and droughts are highlighted as key characteristics that promote resilience in these dynamic ecosystems. Three community‐wide mechanisms that underlie resilience are (a) partitioning (competition/facilitation) of dynamically varying resources, (b) dispersal, recolonization, and recruitment promoted by connectivity, and (c) functional redundancy in communities promoted by resource heterogeneity and refugia. Along with taxonomic and phylogenetic identity, biological traits related to feeding specialization, dispersal ability, and habitat specialization mediate organism responses to disturbance. Measures of these factors might also enable assessment of the relative contributions of different mechanisms to community resilience. Interactions between abiotic drivers and biotic aspects of resource use, dispersal, and persistence have clear implications for river conservation and management. To support these management needs, we propose a set of taxonomic, phylogenetic, and life‐history trait metrics that might be used to measure resilience mechanisms. By identifying such indicators, our proposed framework can enable targeted management strategies to adapt river ecosystems to global change.

Published
2019

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