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Waterproofing systems adhered to concrete structures produce a protective barrier against fluids and aggressive agents' penetrations. However, if cracks appear in the substrate and are transmitted to the adhered waterproof layer, the system's water tightness can be compromised. This work aims to perform an experimental evaluation of two waterproofing membranes' behavior, based on acrylic, when adhered to concrete substrates subject to cracking. A mechanical test method based on indirect tensile stress associated with Digital Image Correlation analysis (DIC) is proposed to assess the transfer of cracks from concrete substrates to bonded waterproofing membranes. The results showed that this methodology allows distinguishing the membranes' behavior concerning the transfer of cracks. It was also possible to measure quantitatively, with the DIC technique, the degree of crack in the concrete that resulted in cracking in the membranes. The pure acrylates membrane resulted in less stress dissipation from the substrate than the acrylic copolymer without cement membrane. This behavior can be related to the difference in the elongation of the materials. The adhesion of the membranes to the substrate was high and considerably higher than the normative requirements, and can be associated with the membrane's difficulty in dissipating the substrate stress, cracking more easily. Sistemas de impermeabilização aderidos em estruturas de concreto formam barreiras protetoras contra a entrada de fluídos e agentes agressivos. No entanto, se fissuras surgirem no substrato e passarem para a camada impermeável aderida, a estanqueidade do sistema pode ser comprometida. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo a avaliação experimental do comportamento de duas membranas impermeabilizantes, de base acrílica, quando aderidas em substrato de concreto sujeito a fissuração. É proposto um método de ensaio mecânico de tração indireta associado a análise por correlação de imagem (DIC) para avaliação da transferência de fissuras de substratos de concreto para membranas impermeabilizantes aderidas. Os resultados mostraram que esta metodologia permite diferenciar o comportamento das membranas com relação a transferência de fissuras. Além disto, foi possível mensurar quantitativamente, com a técnica DIC, a magnitude da fissura no concreto que resultou em fissuração nas membranas. A membrana de acrilatos puros resultou menor capacidade de absorver os esforços provenientes do substrato do que a membrana de copolímeros acrílicos sem cimento. Esse comportamento pode ser relacionado com a diferença no alongamento dos materiais. A aderência das membranas ao substrato foi elevada e muito superior aos requisitos normativos, e pode ter resultado na dificuldade das membranas de absorver os esforços do substrato, fissurando com maior facilidade.

RESUMO Objetivo: determinar a expressão de neurotrofinas e seus receptores tirosina quinases em pacientes com osteossarcoma (OS) e sua correlação com desfechos clínicos. Métodos: biópsias de tumores primários de pacientes com OS tratados em uma única instituição, consecutivamente, entre 2002 e 2015, foram analisados através de imuno-histoquímica para expressão de receptores de tirosina quinase A e B (TrKA e TrKB), fator de crescimento neural (NGF) e fator neurotrófico derivado do cérebro (BDNF). De forma independente, dois patologistas classificaram os marcadores de imuno-histoquímica como negativos (negativos e focais fracos) ou positivos (moderado focal/difuso ou forte focal/difuso). Resultados: foram analisados dados de 19 pacientes (10 do sexo feminino e 9 do masculino) com mediana de idade de 12 anos (5 a 17,3 anos). Dos tumores, 83,3% estavam localizados em membros inferiores e 63,2% dos pacientes eram metastáticos ao diagnóstico. A sobrevida global em cinco anos foi de 55,3%. BDNF foi positivo em 16 pacientes (84%) e NGF em 14 pacientes (73%). TrKA e TrKB apresentaram coloração positiva em quatro (21,1%) e oito (42,1%) pacientes, respectivamente. A análise de sobrevida não demonstrou diferença significativa entre receptores TrK e neurotrofinas. Conclusão: amostras de OS primário expressam neurotrofinas e receptores TrK através de imuno-histoquímica. Estudos futuros podem auxiliar na identificação do papel das mesmas na patogênese do OS e determinar se há possível correlação prognóstica. ABSTRACT Objective: to determine the expression of neurotrophins and their tyrosine-kinase receptors in patients with osteosarcoma (OS) and their correlation with clinical outcomes. Methods: we applied immunohistochemistry to biopsy specimens of patients consecutively treated for primary OS at a single institution between 2002 and 2015, analyzing them for expression receptors of tyrosine kinase A and B (TrKA and TrKB), neural growth factor (NGF) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Independently, two pathologists classified the immunohistochemical markers as negative (negative or weak focal) or positive (moderate focal/diffuse or strong focal/diffuse). Results: we analyzed data from 19 patients (10 females and 9 males), with median age of 12 years (5 to 17.3). Tumors’ location were 83.3% in the lower limbs, and 63.2% of patients had metastases at diagnosis. Five-year overall survival was 55.3%. BDNF was positive in 16 patients (84%) and NGF in 14 (73%). TrKA and TrKB presented positive staining in four (21,1%) and eight (42,1%) patients, respectively. Survival analysis showed no significant difference between TrK receptors and neurotrophins. Conclusion: primary OS samples express neurotrophins and TrK receptors by immunohistochemistry. Future studies should explore their role in OS pathogenesis and determine their prognostic significance in larger cohorts.

The influence of oncogenic phenomena on the ecology and evolution of animal species is becoming an important research topic. Similar to host–pathogen interactions, cancer negatively affects host fitness, which should lead to the selection of host control mechanisms, including behavioral traits that best minimize the proliferation of malignant cells. Social behavior is suggested to influence tumor progression. While the ecological benefits of sociality in gregarious species are widely acknowledged, only limited data are available on the role of the social environment on cancer progression. Here, we exposed adult Drosophila, with colorectal-like tumors, to different social environments. We show how subtle variations in social structure have dramatic effects on the progression of tumor growth. Finally, we reveal that flies can discriminate between individuals at different stages of tumor development and selectively choose their social environment accordingly. Our study demonstrates the reciprocal links between cancer and social interactions and how sociality may impact health and fitness in animals and its potential implications for disease ecology., There is some evidence that social context can mediate the progression of cancers. Here, the authors show that Drosophila flies housed in social isolation experienced faster cancer tumor progression than flies in groups, and that flies select for social environments that minimize cancer risk.

RESUMO: Objetivo: identificar as ações dos enfermeiros no exercício da advocacia do paciente, na literatura científica internacional publicada nos últimos dez anos. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura, cujos dados foram coletados na base de dados Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature e SAGE Journals Online, utilizando-se os descritores "patient advocacy" e "nursing", sendo encontrados 27 artigos. Resultados: como resultados, emergiram duas categorias: ações de advocacia exercidas por enfermeiros em diferentes nações e culturas; e ações de advocacia nos diferentes ambientes de atuação dos enfermeiros. Conclusão: acredita-se que os achados deste estudo poderão contribuir para a produção de pesquisas e conhecimentos em enfermagem, ampliando a compreensão da advocacia do paciente como um componente ético da prática dos enfermeiros. RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar las acciones de los enfermeros en ejercicio de defensa de los pacientes en la literatura científica internacional publicada en los últimos diez años. Método: revisión integrativa de literatura, y los datos fueron recogidos en la base de datos Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature y SAGE Journals Online, utilizando los descriptores "patient advocacy" y "nursing", siendo encontrado 27 artículos. Resultados: como resultado, emergieron dos categorías: las acciones de defensa ejercitadas por enfermeros e n diferentes naciones y culturas; las acciones de defensa en los distintos ámbitos de acción de los las enfermeros. Conclusión: se considera que los resultados de este estudio pueden contribuir a la producción de la investigación y el conocimiento en la enfermería, la ampliación de la comprensión de la defensa de los pacientes como un componente ético de la práctica de enfermería. ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the actions of nurses when advocating for patients as reported by the international scientific literature published in the last ten years. Method: integrative literature review with data collected from the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature database and SAGE Journals Online, using the key words "patient advocacy" and "nursing"; 27 papers were identified. Results: two categories emerged: advocacy actions performed by nurses from different countries and cultures; and advocacy actions performed by nurses in different healthcare settings. Conclusion: this study's findings are expected to contribute to research and knowledge in the field of nursing, broadening understanding of patient advocacy as an ethical component of the nursing practice.

Introdução: O câncer infantil é uma doença infrequente em relação à incidência na população adulta, contudo representa um importante problema de saúde coletiva sendo a principal causa de morte por doença nesta faixa etária. Todavia, pesquisadores se interessam em entender melhor as características clínicas e epidemiológicas dessa doença com a finalidade de assegurar a qualidade no tratamento e de planejar políticas de atendimento. A condução de um estudo clínico deve garantir a qualidade dos dados de acordo com as Boas Práticas Clínicas. Nos estudos clínicos podem haver limitações que prejudiquem a qualidade dos dados coletados. Esta pesquisa avaliou a experiência de dois ensaios clínicos cooperativos de iniciativa do investigador quanto à qualidade dos dados na América Latina. Objetivos: 1. avaliar e comparar a qualidade dos dados clínicos (completude e consistência) de dois protocolos cooperativos para tratamento de pacientes com sarcoma de Ewing; 2. identificar desvios e violações nos estudos; 3. avaliar o impacto dos treinamentos contínuos na qualidade dos dados clínicos. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal retrospectivo incluindo fichas clínicas em papel de 178 e eletrônicas de 294 participantes de pesquisa de dois ensaios clínicos denominados Ewing 1 e Ewing 2, respectivamente. Foram selecionadas as sete fichas clínicas consideradas mais relevantes pelo investigador em fases diferentes do protocolo (baseline, avaliação pré-quimioterapia, quimioterapia, avaliação pós-quimioterapia, radioterapia e cirurgia do tumor primário) utilizando as variáveis, foi verificado, as dimensões de qualidade dos dados entre os dois estudos. Adicionalmente, foram analisadas as mesmas variáveis em três momentos distintos dentro do protocolo Ewing 2 (anos de 2013, 2014 e 2016). As medidas de intervenção têm como o objetivo melhorar a qualidade dos dados coletados e são realizadas de forma constante durante a condução do estudo. Resultados: A taxa média geral de completude total (100%) de todas as fichas clínicas foi de 35% no Ewing 1 e de 27% no Ewing 2. Individualmente, os dados de completude do Ewing 1 se comportaram melhor em quatro das sete fichas analisadas (p = 90%) was found in baseline and radiotherapy records of the primary tumor, poor concordance (

Background: Relapse in localized Ewing sarcoma patients has been a matter of concern regarding poor prognosis. Therefore, we investigated the impact of local control modality (surgery, surgery plus radiotherapy, and radiotherapy) on clinical outcomes such as survival and recurrence in patients with non-metastatic Ewing sarcoma treated on the first Brazilian Collaborative Group Trial of the Ewing Family of Tumors (EWING1). Methods: Seventy-three patients with localized Ewing sarcoma of bone aged < 30 years were included. The treating physicians defined the modality of local control based on the recommendations of the coordinating center and the patient and tumor characteristics. Possible associations of local control modality with local failure (LF), disease-free survival (DFS), event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), and clinical characteristics were analyzed. Results: Mean patient age was 12.8 years (range, 2 to 25 years) and median follow-up time was 4.5 years (range, 2. 3 to 6.7 years). Forty-seven patients underwent surgery, 13 received radiotherapy, and 13 received both. The 5-year EFS, OS, and DFS for all patients was 62.1%, 63.3%, and 73.1%, respectively. The 5-year cumulative incidence (CI) of LF was 7.6% for surgery, 11.1% for radiotherapy, and 0% for postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) (p = 0.61). The 5-year EFS was 71.7% for surgery, 30.8% for radiotherapy, and 64.1% for PORT (p = 0.009). Conclusions: There was a significant effect of local control modality on EFS and OS in the study. Surgery and PORT modalities yielded very close results. The group treated with radiotherapy alone had considerably worse outcomes. This may be confounded by greater risk factors in these patients. There was no significant effect of local control modality on the CI of LF and DFS.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:14:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-01-01 Background: Relapse in localized Ewing sarcoma patients has been a matter of concern regarding poor prognosis. Therefore, we investigated the impact of local control modality (surgery, surgery plus radiotherapy, and radiotherapy) on clinical outcomes such as survival and recurrence in patients with non-metastatic Ewing sarcoma treated on the first Brazilian Collaborative Group Trial of the Ewing Family of Tumors (EWING1). Methods: Seventy-three patients with localized Ewing sarcoma of bone aged < 30 years were included. The treating physicians defined the modality of local control based on the recommendations of the coordinating center and the patient and tumor characteristics. Possible associations of local control modality with local failure (LF), disease-free survival (DFS), event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), and clinical characteristics were analyzed. Results: Mean patient age was 12.8 years (range, 2 to 25 years) and median follow-up time was 4.5 years (range, 2. 3 to 6.7 years). Forty-seven patients underwent surgery, 13 received radiotherapy, and 13 received both. The 5-year EFS, OS, and DFS for all patients was 62.1%, 63.3%, and 73.1%, respectively. The 5-year cumulative incidence (CI) of LF was 7.6% for surgery, 11.1% for radiotherapy, and 0% for postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) (p = 0.61). The 5-year EFS was 71.7% for surgery, 30.8% for radiotherapy, and 64.1% for PORT (p = 0.009). Conclusions: There was a significant effect of local control modality on EFS and OS in the study. Surgery and PORT modalities yielded very close results. The group treated with radiotherapy alone had considerably worse outcomes. This may be confounded by greater risk factors in these patients. There was no significant effect of local control modality on the CI of LF and DFS. Service of Orthopedics and Traumatology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Bairro Santa Cecilia Department of Pediatrics HCPA Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Department of Pediatrics Hospital São Lucas Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) Service of Orthopedics and Traumatology HCPA Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer (GRAACC) Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Fundação Pio XII Hospital de Câncer Infantojuvenil Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell Orthopedics Service Hospital A.C. Camargo Cancer Center Service of Orthopedics and Traumatology Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre Orthopedic Trauma Institute Hospital das Clínicas de São Paulo School of Medicine Universidade de São Paulo (USP) Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo (HSCSP) Service of Orthopedics and Traumatology Hospital São Lucas Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) Hospital das Clínicas deBotucatu School of Medicine Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Instituto do Câncer Infantil Hospital das Clínicas deBotucatu School of Medicine Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)

A good design of a wastewater or rainwater pumping station requires a lot of time and effort on the part of the designer to find enough alternatives that define an optimal design in terms of the equipment to be installed. Therefore, the present project shows the development of a spreadsheet for the design of a wastewater or rainwater pumping station which in turn has a database of submersible pumps that can be used in this type of seasons. Within the applications of the spreadsheet is to indicate which are all the pumps (of the created database) that work for some input data of the project and, additionally, it presents an optimization module to determine which is the equipment optimal design and the most economical drive line for the project., Un buen diseño de una estación de bombeo de agua residual o lluvia requiere de bastante tiempo y esfuerzo por parte del diseñador para encontrar las suficientes alternativas que definan un óptimo diseño en cuanto a los equipos a instalar. Por lo anterior, el presente proyecto muestra la elaboración de una hoja de cálculo para el diseño de una estación de bombeo de agua residual o lluvias la cual a su vez cuenta con una base de datos de bombas sumergibles que pueden ser utilizadas en este tipo de estaciones. Dentro de las aplicaciones de la hoja de cálculo se tiene el indicar cuáles son todas las bombas (de la base de datos creada) que funcionan para unos datos de entrada del proyecto y, adicionalmente, presenta un modulo de optimización para determinar cuál es el equipo optimo y el diseño de la línea de impulsión mas económica para el proyecto., Especialización, Especialista en Recursos Hidráulicos y Medio Ambiente