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36 results on '"SAM, ALBERT D."'

5. Inhibiting adenosine deaminase modulates the systemic inflammatory response syndrome in endotoxemia and sepsis

Author

Adanin, Simon, Yalovetskiy, Igor V., Nardulli, Beth A., Sam, Albert D., II, Jonjev, Zivojin S., and Law, William R.

Subjects
Physiology -- Research, Cytokines -- Physiological aspects, Bacterial infections -- Physiological aspects, Pentostatin -- Physiological aspects, Endotoxins -- Physiological aspects, Adenosine deaminase -- Physiological aspects, Inflammation -- Mediators, Biological sciences
Abstract

By pharmacological manipulation of endogenous adenosine, using chemically distinct methods, we tested the hypothesis that endogenous adenosine tempers proinflammatory cytokine responses and oxyradical-mediated tissue damage during endotoxemia and sepsis. Rats were pretreated with varying doses of pentostatin (PNT; adenosine deaminase inhibitor) or 8-sulfophenyltheophylline (8-SPT; adenosine receptor antagonist) and then received either E. coli endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; 0.01 or 2.0 mg/kg) or a slurry of cecal matter in 5% dextrose in water (200 mg/kg). Resultant levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-[alpha], interleukin (IL)-1[beta], and IL-10 were measured in serum and in liver and spleen. Untreated, 2 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide elevated serum TNF-[alpha], IL-1[beta], and IL-10. PNT dose dependently attenuated, without ablating, the elevation in serum TNF-[alpha] and IL-1[beta] and raised liver and spleen IL-10. PNT also attenuated elevation of TNF-[alpha] in serum, liver, and spleen at 4 and 24 h after sepsis induction, and 8-SPT resulted in higher proinflammatory cytokines. Modulating endogenous adenosine was also effective in exacerbated (8-SPT) or diminished (PNT) tissue peroxidation. Survival from sepsis was also improved when PNT was used as a posttreatment. These data indicate that endogenous adenosine is an important modulatory component of systemic inflammatory response syndromes. These data also indicate that inhibition of adenosine deaminase may be a novel and viable therapeutic approach to managing the systemic inflammatory response syndrome without ablating important physiological functions. shock; cytokines; oxyradical

Published
2002

18. Health-related quality of life after carotid stenting versus carotid endarterectomy: results from CREST (Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy Versus Stenting Trial)

Author

Cohen, David J., Stolker, Joshua M., Wang, Kaijun, Magnuson, Elizabeth A., Clark, Wayne M., Demaerschalk, Bart M., Sam, Albert D., Elmore, James R., Weaver, Fred A., Aronow, Herbert D., Goldstein, Larry B., Roubin, Gary S., Howard, George, and Brott, Thomas G.

Subjects
Male, Endarterectomy, Carotid, Angioplasty, Middle Aged, stroke, Article, humanities, Treatment Outcome, carotid stenting, Quality of Life, Humans, Carotid Stenosis, Female, Stents, carotid endarterectomy
Abstract

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to compare health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes in patients treated with carotid artery stenting (CAS) versus carotid endarterectomy (CEA).BackgroundIn CREST (Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy versus Stenting Trial), the largest randomized trial of carotid revascularization to date, there was no significant difference in the primary composite endpoint, but rates of stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) differed between CAS and CEA. To help guide individualized clinical decision making, we compared HRQOL among patients enrolled in the CREST study. We also performed exploratory analyses to evaluate the association between periprocedural complications and HRQOL.MethodsWe measured HRQOL at baseline, and after 2 weeks, 1 month, and 1 year among 2,502 patients randomly assigned to either CAS or CEA in the CREST study. The HRQOL was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 (SF-36) and 6 disease-specific scales designed to study HRQOL in patients undergoing carotid revascularization.ResultsAt both 2 weeks and 1 month, CAS patients had better outcomes for multiple components of the SF-36, with large differences for role physical function, pain, and the physical component summary scale (all p < 0.01). On the disease-specific scales, CAS patients reported less difficulty with driving, eating/swallowing, neck pain, and headaches but more difficulty with walking and leg pain (all p < 0.05). However, by 1 year, there were no differences in any HRQOL measure between CAS and CEA. In the exploratory analyses, periprocedural stroke was associated with poorer 1-year HRQOL across all SF-36 domains, but periprocedural MI or cranial nerve palsy were not.ConclusionsAmong patients undergoing carotid revascularization, CAS is associated with better HRQOL during the early recovery period as compared with CEA—particularly with regard to physical limitations and pain—but these differences diminish over time and are not evident after 1 year. Although CAS and CEA are associated with similar overall HRQOL at 1 year, event-specific analyses confirm that stroke has a greater and more sustained impact on HRQOL than MI. (Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy versus Stenting Trial [CREST]; NCT00004732)

Published
2011

33. Giant Azygos Vein Varix

Author

Podbielski, Francis J, primary, Sam, Albert D, additional, Halldorsson, Ari O, additional, Iasha-Sznajder, J, additional, and Vigneswaran, Wickii T, additional

Published
1997
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35. EFFECT OF NG-NITROL-ARGININE METHYL ESTER ON TESTICULAR BLOOD FLOW AND SERUM STEROID HORMONES DURING SEPSIS

Author

Sharma, Avadhesh C., Sam, Albert D., Lee, Lyle Y., Hales, Dale B., Law, William R., Ferguson, James L., and Bosmann, H. Bruce

Abstract

Production of nitric oxide (NO) via NO synthase (NOS) has been implicated in the regulation of steroidogenesis in normal physiology and septic pathophysiology. The hypothesis that blockade of NOS by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) would affect testicular blood flow and circulating levels of steroid reproductive hormones was tested. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (350–450 g) were randomized to septic and nonseptic groups. Sepsis was induced with an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of a cecal slurry (200 mg/kg in 5 mL 5 dextrose in water (D5W)) in rats, while nonseptic rats received only sterile D5W. The rats (n = 6 per group) were catheterized in the jugular vein, left ventricle (via right carotid artery), and tail artery to determine blood flow and systemic hemodynamics and to collect blood at 24 h after induction of sepsis/sham sepsis. After baseline (24 h post-cecal slurry challenge) measurement, L-NAME (.50 mg/ kg-min) was infused through the jugular vein for 10 min, blood flow was determined using a radioactive microsphere technique, and blood samples were collected. The serum concentrations of corticosterone, progesterone, and testosterone were determined using radioimmunoassay. Plasma concentrations of NO byproducts (NOx) were determined using the Greiss reaction. After 24 h, heart rate, testicular blood flow, and NOx levels were significantly increased, whereas the serum concentration of testosterone was significantly decreased in the septic group as compared with the nonseptic group. However, serum concentrations of progesterone and corticosterone at 24 h after induction of sham-sepsis or sepsis were not statistically different. Infusion of L-NAME significantly reduced the testicular blood flow and serum NOx levels in septic rats as compared with their baseline values. The administration of L-NAME significantly increased the concentration of testosterone in nonseptic and septic rats as compared with their respective basal values. However, testosterone levels in septic rats were still significantly lower than in nonseptic rats. The results of this study indicate that the synthesis of NO through NO synthase may play a role in the regulation of testicular blood flow and the serum levels of testosterone, associated with chronic peritoneal sepsis in the rat.

Published
1998

36. Radiology Case of the Month: Rising Creatinine in an Elderly Woman.

Author

Reily RE, Heaney JB, Bordlee B, Sam AD 2nd, Neitzschman H, and Olivares D

Subjects
Aged, Female, Humans, Incidental Findings, Kidney diagnostic imaging, Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal diagnosis, Creatinine
Abstract

To assess an elevated creatinine, a 67-year old woman underwent renal ultrasound which incidentally revealed an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).

Published
2015

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