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Copyright of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this work was to evaluate the spatial and temporal distribution of shrimp species in the Lake Nokoué-Cotonou Channel complex for an efficient management of the fishery. The results of one year sampling from five stations (North, South, East, Central and West) in the complex revealed the following proportions: Penaeus notialis 73.68%, Macrobrachium macrobrachion 13.81%, Macrobrachium vollenhovenii 5.36%, Penaeus monodon 2.68%, Macrobrachium felicinum 2.20%, Penaeus kerathurus 1.72%, Macrobrachium cf. zariquieyi 0.27%, and Macrobrachium equidens 0.27%. The species M. cf. zariquieyi and M. equidens were never reported from Benin, but are now found in Lake Nokoué. Spatially, Penaeus (Penaeus notialis) are more abundant in the west (Acadja concentration zone), while Macrobrachium (Macrobrachium macrobrachion) are more dominant in the east (near the Ouémé entrance) and north (near the Sô entrance) of the lake. Penaeus are strongly present in the lagoon complex from January to August, while Macrobrachium are more abundant in Lake Nokoué from September to December. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that increasing salinity, pH, transparency and total dissolved solids (TDS) positively influenced the abundance of P. notialis , while increasing salinity, pH, transparency, and TDS negatively influenced the abundance of M. macrobrachion at the 5% significance level. For an efficient management of the shrimp fishery, it is desirable that the shrimp fishery in Lake Nokoué, mainly in the Cotonou Channel, which is a very sensitive area for their seasonal migrations, benefits from at least three months of respite per year, from November to January. This period corresponds to the strong migration of juvenile Penaeus towards the lake. This should allow many Penaeus to grow up and breed at least once in their lives, according to the species' life cycle presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To explore the effects of salinity on the growth and gonadal development of Exopalaemon carinicauda, shrimps were raised at five different levels of salinity (16, 20, 24, 28, 32) in a water environment. The growth, performance in ovarian development, ovarian nutrient concentration, as well as vitellogenin and sex hormone levels were measured. The results showed that the final body weight and specific growth rate of E. carinicauda increased at first and then decreased with increasing salinity (P <0.05), with the fastest growth occurring at salinity 24. The gonadosomatic index increased at first and then decreased with increasing salinity (P <0.05), with the highest index also occurring at salinity 24. The ovarian maturation rate of E. carinicauda was highest at salinity 28, and the concentration of total protein, total cholesterol, and triglycerides in the ovaries similarly increased at first until salinity 24, and then decreased with increasing salinity (P <0.05). Likewise, the concentration of vitellogenin in the hepatopancreas increased at first and then decreased with increasing salinity (P <0.05), with the highest concentration occurring at salinity 24. The concentration of estradiol in E. carinicauda ovaries was highest in the groups at salinities 24 and 28. These results show that salinity levels of 24-28 were the most suitable for promoting the maturation of parent shrimps, and thus would likely be optimal for industrial culturing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of VertigO is the property of La Revue Electronique en Sciences de l'Environnement VertigO and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of LHB: Hydroscience Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Les cultures alternatives tolérantes à la salinité développent des mécanismes complexes dans les conditions biosalines. Nous avons étudié l'effet de l'eau salée sur l'absorption des nutriments et les paramètres physiologiques et biochimiques du bleu panicum (Panicum antidotale Retz) et du maïs d’ensilage (Zea mays L). Des mésocosmes ont été établis en quatre répétitions pour chaque espèce de plante dans une conception orthogonale avec différents niveaux d'eau d'irrigation saline comme traitements donnant T0 = 0.9 dS.m-1 (eau du robinet), T1 = 3 dS m-1, T2 = 6 dS m-1 et T3 = 10 dS m-1, pendant 8 semaines. L'augmentation de la salinité a provoqué un effet dépressif sur le maïs d’ensilage, conduisant à une réduction significative de la croissance (jusqu'à 37%), de la biomasse aérienne sèche (jusqu'à 58%) et racinaire (jusqu'à 87%) par rapport au témoin. Ainsi qu'une diminution de la chlorophylle a (jusqu'à 71 %), de la chlorophylle b (jusqu'à 77 %) et des caroténoïdes (jusqu'à 49 %) par rapport au témoin. Pour le bleu panicum, la salinité n'a par contre pas affecté les paramètres physiologiques et biochimiques étudiés. L'absorption de l’azote, du phosphore, du potassium et du calcium, du maïs d’ensilage a diminué avec l'augmentation des niveaux de salinité pour être significative pour une eau d'irrigation avec une conductivité électrique ≥ 6 dS m-1 par rapport au contrôle. La teneur en sodium dans les différentes parties du maïs d’ensilage (feuille, tige et racine), par contre, a augmenté significativement avec l'augmentation de la salinité. L'accumulation du calcium, du potassium et de l’azote a légèrement augmenté chez le bleu panicum, mais n’était significatif que dans des parties distinctes de la plante. Dans l'ensemble, notre étude indique que le maïs est plus sensible aux conditions salines (notamment celles ≥ 6 dS m-1) par rapport au bleu panicum qui tolère bien un environnement de salinité élevé ≥ 10 dS.m-1. Nos résultats suggèrent ainsi que l'introduction du bleu panicum comme culture alternative sur les sols affectés par la salinité, comme le périmètre irrigué de Foum El Oued à Laâyoune au Maroc, résulterait en des rendements élevés meilleurs que les rendements des cultures traditionnelles comme le maïs d’ensilage et améliorerait donc le revenu des agriculteurs locaux.

To understand the metabolic adjustments and nitrogen excretion in haemolymph of mature Eriocheir sinensis during the reproductive migration from fresh water to seawater, haemolymph metabolic variations and nitrogenous wastes were determined after gradual acclimation of females and males from fresh water to different salinities (7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 ‰). Total protein content in both female and male crabs was reduced with increased salinity. The contents of lipids including triglyceride and cholesterol significantly decreased at salinities of 0-21 ‰ , suggesting the lipids of E. sinensis might be mobilized to produce energy for osmoregulation and gonad development at a different salinity. Interestingly, the lipid levels in the females were higher than those in the males, implying the females need to store more lipids to prepare for reproduction. The glucose level was low in this study, which was related to the diet with high protein. Haemolymph urea and uric acid level together decreased at first and then increased, indicating that E. sinensis could regulate the nitrogen excretion pattern by inhibiting or activating ureogenesis and uricogenesis to acclimate to a different osmotic environment. Notably, the females might be more tolerant to salinity increase and have a faster metabolic reorganization than males. These facts could indicate that a different strategy has been employed in mature E. sinensis when encountering salinity stress during the reproductive migration form fresh water to seawater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La côte Atlantique française a été frappée par la tempête Xynthia en février 2010, ce qui a probablement affecté les espèces côtières. Des relevés de salinité associés à des relevés d’espèces (amphibiens), présentés dans l’étude de Lorrain-Soligon et al. (2021), ont été réalisés sur deux réserves côtières en Charente-Maritime (les réserves naturelles nationales de Moëze-Oléron et du marais d’Yves), afin d’étudier les effets de la submersion et de l’augmentation de la salinité résultante. Ces relevés ont permis de mettre en évidence les caractéristiques topographiques des sites pouvant limiter l’impact des submersions marines sur la faune côtière.

Copyright of GeoEcoMarina is the property of Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Geologie si Geoecologie Marina - Geoecomar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Salinity is a major driver of emergence and early growth of mangrove propagules. The magnitude of salinity effects may vary across mangrove ecotypes. Using a randomised complete block design in a semi‐controlled experiment, this study assessed the effect of salinity (low: 3–5, moderate: 15–17 and high: 34–36 Practical Salinity Unit) on the emergence and early growth of Rhizophora racemosa (G.) Meyer and Avicennia germinans (L.) L., two common mangrove species in West Africa. Per cent emergence, total height and number of leaves were recorded daily for 30 days. Data were analysed using a three‐parameter log‐logistic distribution and linear mixed models. For both species, results showed significant effects of salinity on per cent emergence and growth variables. There was a negative correlation between salinity and per cent emergence of A. germinans and between salinity and height and number of leaves during the early growth phase of both species. However, the per cent emergence of R. racemosa was significantly higher for moderate salinity. To avoid the risk of dieback from osmotic shock after transplantation, we recommend the use of water of low or moderate salinity in nursery, depending on whether the soil salinity is low or high where the seedlings will be transplanted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Plant Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Plant Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Plant Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Salinized soil productivity in arid and semi-arid regions is steadily decreasing and causing serious environmental and socioeconomic damages. Salix species known to grow under saline stress conditions could provide a viable solution for restoring degraded soil potential. Five Salix species (S. purpurea , S. alba , S. vitellina , S. babylonica , and S. viminalis) endemic to the southern Mediterranean region were grown in hydroponic conditions and assessed for their level of tolerance to salinity. Woody cuttings were treated for 30 days with either 0 or 100 mmol·L−1 NaCl. A high interspecific variability was highlighted during treatment as shown by changes in stomata size and density, growth, photosynthesis disruption, and electrolyte leakage. Based on a tolerance index, the five Salix species were ranked in decreasing order for their resistance to salinity: S. purpurea > S. alba > S. vitellina > S. babylonica ≥ S. viminalis. These results indicate that some tolerant Salix species could be used as an agroforestry model dedicated to restoration and valorization of soils degraded by salinization. [Journal translation] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Larhyss Journal is the property of Biskra University, Research Laboratory in Subterranean & Surface Hydraulics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Ürünleri Dergisi is the property of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Urunleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A field study was conducted in Hangu saltworks, a typical Bohai Bay solar salt production site, where a population of Artemia has established. The samples of the brine and of the Artemia population were collected once a month in the period of May to November 2016. According to the salinity range in which Artemia occurs in nature, seven saltponds were chosen in the range of 60 g/l to 240 g/l, covering grades of 30 g salts/l. The physicochemical characteristics of the brine as well as the population dynamics of the Artemia were analysed. The pH value was 7.35-8.94 and decreased slightly with increasing brine temperature. The ionic composition of the brine changed along with progressive evaporation and successive, fractional crystallization. The content of Na+, Cl− and Mg2+ were 66.71-225.43 mg/l, 43.99-197.71 mg/l, and 2.64-14.88 mg/l, respectively, and increased with salinity going up. The content of Ca2+ ranged from 0.69 mg/l to 1.69 mg/l with the maximum value observed at the salinity of 120 g/l. The content of SO42− ranged from 3.84 mg/l to 20.16 mg/l and two peak values were observed at salinities of 90 g/l and 180 g/l, respectively. The contents of DOC (dissolved organic carbon), TN (total nitrogen), and TP (total phosphorus) were 11.45-97.45 mg/l, 1.61-10.54 mg/l, and 0.07-0.63 mg/l, respectively, and these increased with increasing salinity. The density of the Artemia population, its composition and mode of reproduction were found to be remarkably influenced by brine temperature and salinity. The Artemia populations were mainly concentrated in the salinity range from 90 g/l to 150 g/l, and in the summer time. Both parthenogenetic and bisexual Artemia coexisted in the saltponds, with the local parthenogenetic population dominating in summer and in the lower salinity range. Female Artemia tended to produce cysts in autumn and in the higher salinity range. Our study provides general information on the physiochemical characterization and the Artemia population dynamics in Hangu saltworks, which is of importance for a better understanding of the ecological situation of Bohai Bay saltworks, and provides basic information for a biological management of the saltponds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Gaza Strip suffers from an acute problem in the water quality and quantity. Groundwater is used as drinking water, for agricultural uses, and industrial processes. Salinity is increasing in groundwater in the Gaza Strip. Seawater intrusion is the main source of salinity. A chloride ion-selective is used as indicator of salinity for analysis and modelling of salinity of groundwater in the Gaza Strip by 2023. Research depends on three models for prediction of chloride concentration in groundwater: Forecasting, Linear regression and Multiple regression for the year 2023. The result of three models showed water salinity will increase in all areas in the Gaza Strip by the year 2023. Only a small area in the North Governorate will keep less than 250 mg/L of chloride concentration in fresh water, which represents 4.56% of the total of the Gaza Strip area. The analysis of seawater intrusion within the cross sections is clear along the coastline and outspreads from the Mediterranean Sea to the East part of the Gaza Strip. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The wilaya of Ouargla has benefited from many projects of agricultural land development. The commune of Hassi Ben Abdellah 20 km away from the capital of the wilaya remains the main pilot region in terms of agricultural development. It has experienced a notable dynamic compared to other regions of the wilaya; where its useful agricultural area (UAA) has increased according to the DSA from 3825 ha in 2009 up to 7203.31 ha in 2014. This is mainly due to abundant water resources; inventory carried out by the ANRH in 2010 shows that 60 boreholes are exploited in irrigation including 14Albian and 46 Miopliocene. This work consists in evaluating the impact of Albian and Miopliocene irrigation water on the evolution of the salinity of the irrigated soilaccording to 03 ages of irrigation (very old, medium and new)compared to the control soil (nonirrigated); the results show that despite the texture of sandy soil dominated by coarse sand; the Miopliocene irrigation water influenced the increase in the EC of the irrigated soil compared to the control soil, which is not the case for the Albian where the EC of the irrigated soil is close to that of the control soil . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Overfishing of top predators along the western Atlantic coastline has led to a trophic cascade in salt marshes, with increases in herbivorous purple marsh crab ( Sesarma reticulatum (Say, 1817)) abundances in North American estuaries leading to overgrazing of cordgrass ( Spartina alterniflora Loisel.) and shoreline erosion. To evaluate potential physiological limits on the range of S. reticulatum within an estuary, we evaluated survival and physiological tolerance of S. reticulatum from the Ashepoo-Combhee-Edisto (ACE) River Basin in South Carolina, USA, to combinations of salinity (5‰ and 30‰) and pH (pH 6.6, 7.6, and 8.6) challenges, representative of estuarine extremes. Survival, haemolymph ion concentrations, and gill Na+,K+-ATPase (NKA) and vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (VHA) activity were measured after a 48 h exposure to each experimental condition. Survival was nearly 100% and osmoregulatory control was maintained across estuarine salinity and pH ranges. Sesarma reticulatum appeared to be robust to all potential combinations of salinity and pH stressors examined in this study, and therefore are likely unrestricted in their fundamental niche based on these stressors throughout an estuary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil salinity is considered a serious environmental issue in many countries of the world, including Pakistan. A hydroponic experiment was carried out to study different mechanisms of salinity tolerance in two Acacia species, namely Acacia stenophylla A. Cunn. ex Benth. and Acacia albida Delile. Uniform seedlings of both species were grown for 28 days in half-strength Hoagland's nutrient solution with 0, 100, or 200 mmol·L−1 NaCl concentrations. The results revealed that shoot biomass decreased by 21% and 29% at the lower salinity level (100 mmol·L−1 NaCl) and by 44% and 55% at the higher salinity level (200 mmol·L−1 NaCl) in A. stenophylla and A. albida, respectively. The respective reductions in root biomass of both species were 20% and 29% at the lower salinity level and 36% and 54% at the higher salinity level. The physiological attributes such as chlorophyll and relative water contents decreased to a greater extent in A. albida than in A. stenophylla. As a result of oxidative stress, membrane stability index (MSI) decreased in both species, with a greater reduction in A. albida. Among different antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), the highest increase (sixfold) was observed in SOD activity in A. stenophylla. This study concludes that A. stenophylla is more salinity tolerant than A. albida as it maintained better ionic balance and higher activities of antioxidant enzymes and, as a result, higher biomass production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

4-Aminobutyrate (GABA) is a nonproteinogenic amino acid that functions in stress tolerance and signaling. Here, we report that salinity stress and elevated GABA levels coincided with the induction of glutamate decarboxylase 4 ( GAD4) expression in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. ecotype Col-0. In-silico and microarray analysis revealed the over-representation of binding sites for WRKY and MYB transcription factors in the GAD4 promoter, as well as their co-expression with GAD4. Transcript profiling of liquid culture-grown, wild-type plantlets subjected to salinity stress for up to two days confirmed that GAD4 expression is associated with the inducible co-expression of WRKY28, WRKY30, WRKY40, MYB2, MYB15, and MYB108, as well as calmodulin-like 37 and aluminum-activated malate transporter 2, suggesting the involvement of gene regulation, protein activation, and anion transport in GABA accumulation. Transcript profiling of shoots from soil-grown, wild-type plants and corresponding single and double GAD mutants subjected to two days of salinity stress suggests that the GABA accumulation could involve post-translational activation of pre-existing GAD1 and GAD2 by elevated cytosolic calmodulin, as well as induction of GAD4 expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Larhyss Journal is the property of Biskra University, Research Laboratory in Subterranean & Surface Hydraulics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Larhyss Journal is the property of Biskra University, Research Laboratory in Subterranean & Surface Hydraulics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With the growing limitations on arable land, alfalfa (a widely cultivated, low-input forage) is now being selected to extend cultivation into saline lands for low-cost biofeedstock purposes. Here, minerals and transcriptome profiles were compared between two new salinity-tolerant North American alfalfa breeding populations and a more salinity-sensitive western Canadian alfalfa population grown under hydroponic saline conditions. All three populations accumulated two-fold higher sodium in roots than shoots as a function of increased electrical conductivity. At least 50% of differentially expressed genes ( p < 0.05) were down-regulated in the salt-sensitive population growing under high salinity, while expression remained unchanged in the saline-tolerant populations. In particular, most reduction in transcript levels in the salt-sensitive population was observed in genes specifying cell wall structural components, lipids, secondary metabolism, auxin and ethylene hormones, development, transport, signalling, heat shock, proteolysis, pathogenesis-response, abiotic stress, RNA processing, and protein metabolism. Transcript diversity for transcription factors, protein modification, and protein degradation genes was also more strongly affected in salt-tolerant CW064027 than in salt-tolerant Bridgeview and salt-sensitive Rangelander, while both saline-tolerant populations showed more substantial up-regulation in redox-related genes and B-ZIP transcripts. The report highlights the first use of bulked genotypes as replicated samples to compare the transcriptomes of obligate out-cross breeding populations in alfalfa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work concerns the characterization of the potassic statute of the salted soil of Bas-Chéliff. It is a question of evaluating the become of potassium in the salted soil during their phases of salinisation. The 10 samples of the soil analyzed in this research cover a range of salinity sufficiently represented in these semi-arid alluvial plains (1.97 ≤ EC ≤47.77 dS/m). The principal results obtained show that the potassic statute of the soil of Bas-Cheliff is characterized by a weak total potassic reserve (0.56 ≤ K2O ≤ 0.68 %) of which retrogressed potassium (0.019 ≤ K2O ≤ 0.040 %), exchangeable potassium (0.066 ≤ K+ ≤ 0.338 meq/100 g), and soluble potassium (0.003 ≤ K2O ≤ 0.007 %). The total potassium content is independent of the level of salinity of the soil, but it is negatively influenced by the increase in their sodicity. This total potassium content affects the exchangeable potassium content negatively. The retrogressed potassium contents, exchangeable potassium, and soluble potassium evolve/move independently from/to each other and independently of the level of salinity and the level of sodicity of the soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]