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The purpose of this paper is to use GIS techniques for the modelling and spatial analysis of Varatec mining complex, Maramures County. The practical result of this paper, consists in the creation of the GIS database and the integration into it of maps and plans from the mining complex. A spatial analysis of a mine field is based on the effectiveness of a GIS database which will lead to 3D modelling and the representation of the topography. Among the parameters used will be slope and slope orientation or aspect because the slope determines the intensity and type of processes that model the substrate ground, and the slope orientation leads to the evolution of geomorphological processes due to climatic factors that are not evenly dispersed over the land area: solar radiation, sun exposure, precipitation and temperatures. Regarding the mining exploitation, an important element is the land use category, which was taken over by expeditious methods from the L-35-013-A-a Orthophotoplan. Another desirable aspect in this case study is the integration of the general plan from Varatec mining complex into the GIS database and spatial modelling, but also making thematic map on the main geological layers in the Varatec mining complex in order to highlight the applicability of GIS technologies in mining. The various modifications and the evaluation of the subsidence processes within the mining complex can be analysed over the years through remote sensing methods, but especially during the period when the mining complex was closed following the closure action organized by CNMPN REMIN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stockpile volume measurement is very important, especially in highway construction sites. Monitoring inventories, as well as keeping records of stockpiles, is one of the key elements in the success and optimizing the construction site works. Inventories in the case of construction sites are constantly changing; the raw material stored is on the one hand supplied by the suppliers and on the other hand transported and used on the site. Within this paper we aim to compare different methods of measuring and determining volumes. We also develop a workflow for UAV photogrammetric measurements and compare the volumes obtained with different specialized software. Using different software even on the same UAV data set, we obtained relatively similar results, the differences being due mainly to the different 3D modelling of the surfaces. To determine as precisely as possible highway construction sites, stockpile volumes the UAV photogrammetric method is the most precise in terms of the accuracy of the results obtained. This method also saves a lot of time on the site and is also risk free. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results presented in this paper were obtained in the experimental fields of agrotechnics discipline from the Jucu region in Cluj, on an argic-stagnic Phaoezem soil, with a humus content of 3.8% and a pH of 6.5. The soil tillage system made using plow, chisel, paraplow and direct sowing affects the quality of soil's structure by modifying the structure of macroagregate fractions and the percentage of microaggregates, identifiable on a 0-10 cm depth. In the fi rst 30 cm the best degree of loosening was recorded on soils which had been plowed, where bulk density did not exceed 1.28 g/cm3, and the lowest loosening on soils sown directly where the values ranged arownd 1.43 g/cm3. In variants tilled with chisel and paraplow the bulk density values are practically equal 1.27-1.28 g/cm3. Soil resistance to penetration is signifi cantly infl uenced on all depths. The highest value of the three cultures determined on the depth of 0-10 cm is recorded for direct seeding with values of 980 kPa, followed by the unconventional variants tilled with paraplow and chisel of 767-877 kPa. Wheat production in the experimenal yers was infl uenced by the tillage system and rainfall so that in Somes Plateau's conditions, productions ranged from 3887 kg/ha in the variant worked with plow and 3465 kg/ ha for the direct sown variant. In the case of unconventional tillage variants, using chisel and paraplow, the productions were similar. The tillage system for the variants made using plow respectively chisel, paraplow and direct sow ensures soybean's productions between 2310 kg/ha for the plowing variant, 2142 kg/ha for direct sowing variant and variants worked with chisel and paraplow ensure production of 2176-2234 kg/ha. Tillage systems with chisel and paraplow registered on maize production of 94.4-97.2% from the control variant tilled with plow. The difference in minus for the variants with chisel and paraplow is primarily attributed to the higher degree of weeds at the two ways of soil tillage. In the variant of direct sowing is only carried out 89.3% of the production of the control variant with plow, which calls into question the economic effi ciency of this mode of tillage for maize crops in the conditions of Somesan Plateau. After the economic analysis of the three variants it can be found that in the case of wheat crops is achieved a profi t of 2-8% and one of 4-12% for soybean, this profi t made per unit area is motivated since energy consumptions is more reduced to three modes of tillage. For the maize crops the profi ts are lower in all three variants up to 8% as the number of plants per unit area is lower due to the uneven emergence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As it is known fodder legumes applied irrigation is one of the key measures that are to be taken both in arid and semiarid and sub-humid areas, where only two or three waterings can get big bonuses harvest inexpensively. The result was two-way experience for both red clover in pure culture and for its mixture with lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass). For these cultures were determined the productions obtained for experiments located on slope applying differentiated fertilization. The results highlight once again the importance of water factor in producing forages of perennial grasses, which as we know the phyto-mass recover several times during the growing season. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current requirements assign to the geodetic specialist important tasks which requires, for their development, a more and more complex activity. The paper aims to present the most important geodetic and topographical works essential for the location and delimitation plan of S.C. UNITA TURISM HOLDING S.A. real estate. In the design phase, the topographical activity involves the realization of the situation plan by systematic emphasizing, from technical, economic and legal point of view, of all real estates, irrespective of ownership, and contributes to opening up of new commercial and urban prospective, attending both to increased comfort, and urban systematization, which presume of planning and raising utility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Valuation is an opinion about a value of a real estate, which reflects all the pertinent realities of an active market. The valuation process has an official character, developed under a contract on which identified parties have the guarantee and for what the assessor assumes liability. The valuation process supposes a selective research of relevant markets, assembling conclusive facts, using appropriate analytical methods, and also practicing knowledge, experiences and judgments for finding the most appropriate solutions. The assessed property consists land and buildings. Economical valuation of land approximates its favorability from certain uses from the economical point of view, which determines the relation between land and its utility. This valuation is absolutely necessary in a market economy. All the technical information on which the valuation process is based is obtained through topographic documentation. The real estate is owned by S.C. UNITA TURISM HOLDING S.A., for which has been obtained by direct comparison and extraction method its market value of about 5 million RON. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the beginning, from Tăietura Turcului, we made a backwards multiple intersection. We had as visas the following points from the support network of Cluj-Napoca. We have chosen this method because the points we had as visas they are unstationable and the station point is stationable. After finishing the measurements in field, the backwards multiple intersection and the polygonal route, the next step was the processing of the data's from the measurement. For processing the data's, we applied the matrix method for the backwards multiple intersection and for determining the provisional coordinates of the beginning point we used the baricentric procedure of the backwards intersection method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the results of the production concerning the influence of the interactions hybrid x irrigation and irrigation x hybrid, at three tomatoes hybrids: Astona, Falcato and Sprinter, dripping irrigated on three minimums humidity irrigation levels: 50 %, 70 % and 90 % from the active humidity interval (A.H.I.). The production values presents in the main paper are the results of the experimental field of the year 2006, in Cluj-Napoca. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Algae are a large and divers group of autotrophic organisms, ranging from unicellular to multi-cellular forms, of different colors, like orange, violet, red, blue, green or brown. They are photosynthetic plants. Green algae belong to Chiorophyta phylum, and they are unicellular organisms isolated in colonies, and also multi-cellular organisms, filamentous. Green algae contain chlorophylls a and b, and store nutrients as starch in their plastids. Eutrophication is an increase in the concentration of chemical nutrients in an ecosystem, and it is specific to water ecosystems. In this experiment were, used two aquariums, in which was created a biological equilibrium (balance), and were observed during 60 days. The DEA bio-phyto-modulators stimulates in excess the development of green algae, which had a negative impact on the population of fish and it influenced in a negative way the water quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determining the relation of plant - soil - climate and determining of each parameters, means to establish and develop a rational exploitation and sustainable agriculture system, having in the end of the vegetative periods a positive ratio between inputs and outputs, without high losses. The cultivable land and production registered a significant extension in the last years, but compared with the European Union benefits from agriculture exploitations, the Romanian agriculture systems, need to be improved and develop more rational. Soil moisture is important for forecasting both temperature and precipitation. As the temperature rises the evaporation rate of soil moisture increases. The increased soil moisture evaporation helps cool the ground. The researches were performed on a cultivable land from Plaiuri Field, Cluj-Napoca County in a bi-factorial experiment. Three graduals at the A factor - irrigation regime and five graduals for B factor - variety were followed. The soil offers the most stable variables, plant needs could be estimated and stabilized, and climate offers the most important elements for a normal evolution of the plant, typically for the variety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rehabilitation of mine waste dumps is a critical environmental challenge, particularly in areas like Uricani, Romania, where such sites are often characterized by hazardous conditions and poor ecological recovery. This study addresses the need for efficient, low-cost solutions for land reclamation by employing UAV photogrammetry and GIS spatial analysis to assess the potential for afforestation with Robinia pseudoacacia L., a species known for its soil stabilization and ecological benefits. Using UAV technology, high- resolution digital terrain models and orthophotos were generated, with an RMSE of 0.086 m, demonstrating the accuracy and efficiency of this method for large-scale landscape initiatives. GIS spatial analysis was performed to create six key terrain maps and four pedoclimatic factor maps, essential for evaluating the site's suitability for ecological restoration. The pilot afforestation project, which involved planting R. pseudoacacia, achieved a 75% survival rate after four years, suggesting that the species can thrive under the site's conditions. The landscape design proposal incorporates recreational spaces aimed at benefiting the local community and attracting tourism, thereby contributing to the area's economic and cultural revitalization. The interdisciplinary integration of UAV surveying, GIS, and landscape design highlights the cost-effectiveness and interdisciplinary nature of this approach, offering a sustainable model for mine waste dump reclamation and future ecological restoration projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article summarizes the result of a study which examined the production of Falcato, Astona and Sprinter varieties of tomatoes using various dripping irrigation levels, in experimental year 2006. The tomatoes were placed inside the solarium area located at the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The experiments revealed that the Astona hybrid yielded more compared to the Sprinter hybrid, while the Falcato hybrid yielded an average of 62,29 ton per hectare. A graphical representation of the result is provided in this summary.

The article summarizes the result of a study which examined the use of various dripping irrigation levels in agricultural production, and its impact on the production of tomatoes. The tomatoes were placed inside the solarium area located at the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania. It is concluded that the minimum dripping irrigation levels at 50% and at 90% have a negative impact on the tomatoes. A graphical representation of the result of dripping irrigation is provided in this summary.