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Endometrial cancer is one of the most common options malignant neoplasms of the female reproductive system. At the same time, in the general structure of female oncopathology, cases of this disease in patients with developmental anomalies of the genital organs are extremely rare. When studying scientific publications, only 26 described clinical cases of uterine cancer in patients with genital malformations were found. The article presents a clinical case of endometrioid carcinoma in a 75-year-old woman with a duplication of uterus. Based on clinical performance, ultrasound investigation results, magnetic-resonance imaging and histological studies of endometrial scrapings was diagnosed duplication of uterus with endometrial cancer IB (cT1вNхМ0), G2 (morphological type endometrioid carcinoma). With this pathology, surgical treatment is considered as the most effective way to fight uterine cancer, in some cases combined with other methods. Both laparotomic and laparoscopic interventions are recommended, provided that pelvic and lumbar lymph node dissection can be performed according to indications. The operation was carried out in the amount of laparotomy, B2 type modified radical hysterectomy, with C3 pelvic lymph node dissection, omentectomy. The result of the postoperative histological examination confirmed the preoperative diagnosis. The postoperative period was without specific findings. The presented rare clinical case demonstrates necessity to give careful attention to patients with a congenital malformation of the genital organs. Timely diagnosis and diagnosis verification will allow for adequate treatment, which will affect the prognosis of survival. At the same time, the prognosis is largely determined by the stage of the process, the depth of the invasive lesion, and the histological type of the tumor.

Consolidation of the efforts in implementation of epidemiological surveillance and control over plague and other dangerous natural-focal infections is an essential aspect in ensuring epidemiological well-being as regards particularly dangerous infectious diseases in the territory of natural plague foci and potentially focal territories located within the borders of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan. The aim of the work was to carry out a joint epizootiological survey of the transboundary territories of the Volga-Ural sandy natural plague focus and the territory of the East Kazakhstan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK) potentially focal for plague over the period of 2019–2022. Materials and methods. Samples of field materials, collected during the epizootiological survey of the territory of Kazakhstan, were studied using bacteriological, molecular-genetic, and immune-serological methods. Results and discussion. We have obtained the current evidence on the spatial-biocenotic structure, the circulation of pathogens of dangerous natural-focal infectious diseases in the transboundary territories of Eastern and Western Kazakhstan. It has been established that the conditions that contribute to the possibility of human infection with plague and other dangerous infectious diseases in case of the aggravation of epizootic situation in the foci or importation of the pathogens into the territory are in place.

One of the most common variants of malignant neoplasms of the female reproductive system is endometrial cancer. At the same time, cases of this disease in patients with genital abnormalities are extremely rare in the general structure of female oncopathology. The article presents clinical cases of endometrioid carcinoma in a 75-year-old woman with doubling of uterus. According to the clinical picture, the results of ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and histological examination of endometrial scraping, the following diagnosis was made: cancer of the doubled uterus IB (cT1bNxM0) G2 (morphological type — endometrioid carcinoma). The surgery was performed: laparotomy, modified extended extirpation of the uterus with appendages of level B2 with pelvic lymph node dissection C3, omentectomy. The result of postoperative histological examination confirmed the preoperative diagnosis. The postoperative period was uneventful. The presented rare clinical case demonstrates the need to increase clinical suspicion in relation to patients with abnormalities of the uterus structure. Timely diagnosis and verification of the diagnosis will allow to provide adequate treatment, which will affect the prognosis of survival.

Introduction. Ixodes ticks are vectors for pathogens of many infectious diseases. Recently, during the study of Rhipicephalus geigyi ticks collected from livestock in the Republic of Guinea, a new multicomponent flavi-like RNA virus, called Kindia tick virus (KITV), was discovered with an unusual mechanism for the implementation of genetic information. The aim of the work is to detect and study the genetic diversity of KITV in ixodes ticks collected in the territory of the Kindia province of the Republic of Guinea. Material and methods. In 2021, 324 specimens of ticks of the species Amblyomma variegatum, Rh. geigyi, Rh. annulatus, Rh. decoloratus, Rh. senegalensis were collected from cattle. The detection of viral RNA was carried out in individual samples of ticks by RT-PCR, followed by the determination of the nucleotide sequence and phylogenetic analysis. Results and discussion. KITV detection rates in ticks of the species Rh. geigyi was 12.2%, Rh. annulatus 4.4%, Rh. decoloratus 3.3%. However, the KITV genetic material has not been identified in Am. variegatum ticks, which are one of the dominant species in West Africa. For all virus isolates, a partial nucleotide sequences of each of the four viral segments (GenBank, OK345271OK345306) were determined. The phylogenetic analysis showed a high level of identity (98.599.8%) for each of the four segments of the viral genome with those previously found in the Republic of Guinea. The obtained KITV isolates are most genetically close to Mogiana tick virus, which was previously detected in South America in Rh. microplus ticks and significantly differed from other multicomponent viruses circulating in Europe and Asia, including the Russian Federation. Conclusion. KITV genetic material was found in three species of ixodid ticks collected from livestock in a number of prefectures of the Republic of Guinea. The infection rate in ticks was 3.312.2%. The continuation of research in this direction remains relevant.

The study investigated the influence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 on the reproductive health indicators of cadets of military educational organizations. In the Department of Assisted Reproductive Technologies at the Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Kirov Military Medical Academy, 183 male cadets aged 2127 years were divided into two groups and examined. The first group consisted of 132 cadets who had mild and moderate COVID-19, and the second group included 51 cadets without COVID-19 in the anamnesis. COVID-19 was found negatively affect the reproductive health of cadets. Individuals who previously had COVID-19 were found to have a significant decrease in the level of total testosterone and decreased concentration and mobility of sperm in the ejaculate. Moreover, in cadets without COVID-19 who were vaccinated with the combined vector vaccine Gam-COVID-Vac, the indicators of the hormonal profile and spermograms were within the reference values. The results indicate the need for further investigation of the effect of various negative factors, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, on the reproductive health of cadets of military educational organizations. Moreover, the development of preventive, therapeutic, and rehabilitation measures will reduce the risk of infertility and reproductive losses, which is consistent with the interests of national projects on healthcare and demography.

The geological position, morphology of serpentinite bodies, limitation by faults, the presence of surrounding metamorphites as enclosing strata fragments within the Stanovsky ophiolite complex, the nature of metamorphism, high deformation of rocks of both ophiolites and contact zone strata, and the mineral parageneses of secondary transformations fully correspond to the signs of Stanovsky ophiolites introduction into the deeply metamorphosed Faddeevsky block strata of Northeastern Taimyr, and not their obduction. The modeling results showed that fragments of the oceanic crust introduced into the metamorphosed complexes of the continental crust during the collision can have a dual origin — from the primary oceanic crust, and from the newly formed crust of the back-arc basin. A detailed chemical composition analysis of the Stanovsky ophiolites indicates their formation in the suprasubduction setting of the back-arc basin, which justifies the possibility of the second scenario.

Introduction. glioblastomas multiforme (grade Iv gliomas) are common and the most aggressive primary tumors of the brain with very unfavorable prognosis. In all previously published papers on epileptiform activity in glioblastomas, not enough information on encephalogram results is presented.Aim. To study the features of epileptiform activity in patients with glioblastomas and development of a plan for further study of these patients.Materials and methods. An analysis of articles from Elsevier, Embase, Scopus, The Cochrane Library, global Health, Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI) databases, Scholar, google, web of Science, pubmed search engines and scientific electronic library CyberLeninka was performed. materials were selected considering journal indexing system and citations, scientific novelty of the studies, statistical significance of the results. publications repeating data from previous articles or describing animal experiments were excluded from analysis.Results. During the study, data on mechanisms of epileptiform activity pathogenesis, predisposing factors (tumor location in the temporal, frontal or parietal lobes, IDH-1 and / or IDH-2 gene mutations), treatment options in patients with glioblastomas were systemized. Additionally, and original plan of data accumulation for clinical studied taking into account limitations of the previous studies was developed to increase quality of results interpretation.Conclusion. Epileptiform symptoms in glioblastomas negatively affect patients’ quality of life and lifespan. Currently, researchers actively search for an effective method of treatment of epileptic seizures in patients with glioblastomas. The most effective is combination of temozolomide with valproate and levetiracetam due to good control of seizure frequency, low toxicity, and pharmacological synergy between the drugs.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1 accounts for up to 90% of all cases of diabetes among children, adolescents and young adults (10 % are represented by T2DM, MODY, etc.). DM is characterized not only by glucose metabolism disorder, but also by abnormal protein and lipid metabolism, leading to severe macrovascular complications. A clinical case of diabetes type 1, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease (CAD) and chronic heart failure (HF) in a 25-year-old adult has been demonstrated. The medical examination revealed lipid metabolism disorders, multivessel coronary artery disease, which required myocardial revascularization, and severe heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The clinical case demonstrates that proper cardiovascular examination should be performed in all patients with diabetes and lipid disorders, regardless of age and type of diabetes. The authors also consider the use of sodium-glucose

The SiDroForest (Siberian drone-mapped forest inventory) data collection is an attempt to remedy the scarcity of forest structure data in the circumboreal region by providing adjusted and labeled tree-level and vegetation plot-level data for machine learning and upscaling purposes. We present datasets of vegetation composition and tree and plot level forest structure for two important vegetation transition zones in Siberia, Russia; the summergreen–evergreen transition zone in Central Yakutia and the tundra–taiga transition zone in Chukotka (NE Siberia). The SiDroForest data collection consists of four datasets that contain different complementary data types that together support in-depth analyses from different perspectives of Siberian Forest plot data for multi-purpose applications. i. Dataset 1 provides unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-borne data products covering the vegetation plots surveyed during fieldwork (Kruse et al., 2021, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.933263). The dataset includes structure-from-motion (SfM) point clouds and red–green–blue (RGB) and red–green–near-infrared (RGN) orthomosaics. From the orthomosaics, point-cloud products were created such as the digital elevation model (DEM), canopy height model (CHM), digital surface model (DSM) and the digital terrain model (DTM). The point-cloud products provide information on the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the forest at each plot.ii. Dataset 2 contains spatial data in the form of point and polygon shapefiles of 872 individually labeled trees and shrubs that were recorded during fieldwork at the same vegetation plots (van Geffen et al., 2021c, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.932821). The dataset contains information on tree height, crown diameter, and species type. These tree and shrub individually labeled point and polygon shapefiles were generated on top of the RGB UVA orthoimages. The individual tree information collected during the expedition such as tree height, crown diameter, and vitality are provided in table format. This dataset can be used to link individual information on trees to the location of the specific tree in the SfM point clouds, providing for example, opportunity to validate the extracted tree height from the first dataset. The dataset provides unique insights into the current state of individual trees and shrubs and allows for monitoring the effects of climate change on these individuals in the future.iii. Dataset 3 contains a synthesis of 10 000 generated images and masks that have the tree crowns of two species of larch (Larix gmelinii and Larix cajanderi) automatically extracted from the RGB UAV images in the common objects in context (COCO) format (van Geffen et al., 2021a, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.932795). As machine-learning algorithms need a large dataset to train on, the synthetic dataset was specifically created to be used for machine-learning algorithms to detect Siberian larch species.iv. Dataset 4 contains Sentinel-2 (S-2) Level-2 bottom-of-atmosphere processed labeled image patches with seasonal information and annotated vegetation categories covering the vegetation plots (van Geffen et al., 2021b, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.933268). The dataset is created with the aim of providing a small ready-to-use validation and training dataset to be used in various vegetation-related machine-learning tasks. It enhances the data collection as it allows classification of a larger area with the provided vegetation classes. The SiDroForest data collection serves a variety of user communities. The detailed vegetation cover and structure information in the first two datasets are of use for ecological applications, on one hand for summergreen and evergreen needle-leaf forests and also for tundra–taiga ecotones. Datasets 1 and 2 further support the generation and validation of land cover remote-sensing products in radar and optical remote sensing. In addition to providing information on forest structure and vegetation composition of the vegetation plots, the third and fourth datasets are prepared as training and validation data for machine-learning purposes. For example, the synthetic tree-crown dataset is generated from the raw UAV images and optimized to be used in neural networks. Furthermore, the fourth SiDroForest dataset contains S-2 labeled image patches processed to a high standard that provide training data on vegetation class categories for machine-learning classification with JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) labels provided. The SiDroForest data collection adds unique insights into remote hard-to-reach circumboreal forest regions.

This lecture discusses the issues of diagnosis and correction of pathological conditions accompanied by hyperandrogenism in women. The most common causes of a symptom complex caused by an increase in the level of androgens are polycystic ovarian syndrome, congenital dysfunction of the adrenal cortex, endogenous hypercortisolism, androgen-producing tumors. The data presented are based on clinical guidelines approved by the Russian Ministry of Health, consistent with the principles of evidence-based medicine.

Breast cancer is a leader in the structure of oncological pathology of the female reproductive system worldwide. The treatment of this disease is often associated with radical surgery, which inevitably affects the patients' subsequent quality of life. For this reason, it is necessary to practice client-centered approach in choosing the tactics of such patients' management. Surgical methods play a leading role in the treatment of breast cancer, while corrective plastic operations are currently of great importance. The article presents the clinical experience of performing oncoplastic operations for breast cancer. Cases of surgical treatment at various localizations of the oncological process, including performing one-stage reconstructions, have been demonstrated. The author proposes his own reconstruction technique for the superior medial localization of breast cancer. The experience of dealing with such a complication arising after radical mastectomy as lymphorrhea is shown.

The article is devoted to modern views on the diagnosis and treatment of hyperprolactinemia syndrome in women. Prolactinomas are the leading cause of hyperprolactinemia syndrome. The main clinical manifestations of a pathological increase in the level of prolactin are hypogonadism and galactorrhea, in some cases there are neurological symptoms, as well as psycho-emotional and asthenovegetative disorders. The publication reviews management tactics of patients with prolactinomas and pathological conditions secondary to elevated prolactin levels. Both conservative approaches to the correction of hyperprolactinemia and surgical treatment methods are described. It is noted that at present, drug therapy has priority over surgery. In the medical treatment of hyperprolactinemia, dopamine receptor agonists are used. The duration of therapy with this group of drugs is at least 2 years. The targets should be long-term normalisation of prolactin levels and a significant reduction in the size of the tumour or its absence according to the results of magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. Women with drug-resistant prolactinomas are advised to increase the dose of dopamine receptor agonists to the maximum tolerated dose before considering surgical intervention. Special attention is paid to the management of patients whose pregnancy occurred amid a pathological increase in the level of prolactin. In addition, methods for correcting drug-induced hyperprolactinemia are considered. The long list of drugs that can cause increased prolactin levels shows that the problem of hyperprolactinemia may be encountered by doctors of various specialties. The data presented in the publication are based on clinical guidelines approved by the Russian Ministry of Health and comply with the principles of evidence-based medicine.

BACKGROUND: Due to the active development of molecular genetic diagnostic techniques, much attention is now being paid to the study of intestinal microflora. A number of studies have demonstrated the major influence of the intestinal microbiota on the course of pregnancy. However, the number of publications devoted to this problem is limited. AIM: The aim of the investigation is to assess the qualitative and quantitative composition of the intestinal microflora in pregnant women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To achieve this goal, 200 pregnant women in the age group 18 to 43 years and with a gestational age of 6 to 22 weeks were examined. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of the microbiocenosis of the vagina and rectum was performed using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method. RESULTS: The results of the study demonstrated the presence of intestinal dysbacteriosis in 100% of pregnant women. Grade I dysbacteriosis was diagnosed in 64.5% of cases, grade II in 26.5% and grade III in 9%. In patients with moderate to severe dysbacteriosis, opportunistic pathogens Enterobacter spp., Clostridium difficile, Campylobacter spp. and Streptococcus spp. in concentrations exceeding formally permissible values. High quantitative indicators of clinically significant opportunistic pathogens in the vaginal biotope were detected amid the decrease in normal flora and a high concentration of opportunistic pathogens in the intestinal biocenosis. Grade II and III intestinal dysbiosis should be considered as a risk factor for the formation of a complicated course of the gestational period in the early stages. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, pregnancy is a predisposing factor to the formation of dysbiotic changes in the intestine. In turn, rational management of intestinal dysbacteriosis can contribute to the correct course of the gestational period in the early stages.

Abstract Data on the analysis of the chemical composition and physicochemical properties of native low-metamorphosed coal at the initial moment of its contact with the air are presented. Diffuse reflectance IR spectroscopy, EPR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, gas chromatography, chemical analysis of oxygen-containing groups, and the determination of the specific surface area and wettability of the contacting surface were used to identify changes in the organic matter of coal. The dynamics of changes in the numbers of paramagnetic centers and functional groups showed that the most intense transformations in the surface layer occurred in the first day of coal exposure to air. Next, oxidation at room temperature proceeded in a periodic mode of the accumulation and consumption of radicals and functional O groups. After four days, the process of low-temperature oxidation passed from the accessible outer surface into the diffusion region of the porous space of coal and gradually slowed down.

The present distribution pattern of Siberian boreal forests that are dominated by larches is to an unknown extent influenced by the glacial history. Here, we investigated whether we can observe patterns in the genetic variability of Siberian larches (Larix spp.) that can help us to unravel biogeographic migration routes since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). We revealed the spatial distribution of 14,003 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) derived by Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS) in a subset of 148 larch individuals with a cluster analysis. To shed light on Larix’ postglacial migration routes, we applied an Approximate Bayesian Computation (using the software DIYABC). The results of the cluster analysis revealed the presence of three to four statistically verified clusters from Western to Eastern Eurasia that match well to the already expected distinction into the main larch species Larix sibirica, L. gmelinii and L. cajanderi. It can be discussed that under the light of ecological aspects and the spatial assignment to geographic regions, six clusters are plausible instead of the statistically derived most probable optimum of three to four main clusters. The tested hypotheses in DIYABC show that all present existing populations seem to be initiated far before the LGM. We presume that the different populations originate from larch populations that survived the glacial periods. Having the complex terrain in mind, we deduce that those individuals rather survived in refugia in the North, than migrated through complete recolonization from the South. The northernmost expansion during the Holocene seems to have benefitted from refugial populations ahead of the treeline, which explains the existence of Larix in the Far North although the treeline migration rates were slow. From our results, we expect that the present migration is probably slow at first, as there are currently no refugial populations far north, as there were probably in Holocene. But in the future, isolated trees in the tundra could become a starting point for rapid dispersal of boreal forests in the course of current climate warming.

We present a long-year data collection of freshwater chemistry from 590 high latitude lakes based on water sampling during our past expeditions in the Central and Eastern Siberian continuous permafrost regions. We compiled and standardised all acquired seasonal limnological data on major ions, alkalinity, pH and Electrical Conductivity including time series of data from lakes that we sampled repeatedly. The data collection encompasses diverse Siberian regions with numerous lakes along climate and vegetation gradients in the Khatanga and central Yakutian lowlands, to the glacial lakes of the Chukotka mountain region in Eastern Siberia and the central Lena Delta in the Arctic zone. The data collection is rich in standardised metadata following the metadata schema of the International Generic Sample Number (IGSN), which provides a unique and persistent identifier for physical objects (samples). Within the project FAIR Workflows to establish IGSN for Samples in the Helmholtz Association (FAIR WISH), funded by the Helmholtz Metadata Collaboration Platform (HMC), we customised the GFZ-specific IGSN schema to better describe lakes and water samples in a hierarchical (parent and child) scheme with standardised metadata on lake and sample characteristics, ecoregions, principal investigators and many more.This standardised data collection will be made available in the PANGAEA data repository (www.pangaea.de) to enable analyses of land-to-lake geochemical fluxes and will support biodiversity, biogeochemical, bioindicator and many more analyses. In this presentation, we visualize the data in form of Piper and Schoeller plots in order to categorize the water bodies and investigate their geographic distribution and links to catchment vegetation, active layer depth, permafrost disturbances and lithology.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) in oncology is characterized by low invasiveness, minimal side effects, and little tissue scarring. Increasing the selectivity of PDT agents toward a cellular target is a new approach intended to improve this method. This study is devoted to the design and synthesis of a new conjugate based on meso-arylporphyrin with a low-molecular-weight tyrosine kinase inhibitor, Erlotinib. A nano-formulation based on Pluronic F127 micelles was obtained and characterized. The photophysical and photochemical properties and biological activity of the studied compounds and their nano-formulation were studied. A significant, 20–40-fold difference between the dark and photoinduced activity was achieved for the conjugate nanomicelles. After irradiation, the studied conjugate nanomicelles were 1.8 times more toxic toward the EGFR-overexpressing cell line MDA-MB-231 compared to the conditionally normal NKE cells. The IC50 was 0.073 ± 0.014 μM for the MDA-MB-231 cell line and 0.13 ± 0.018 μM for NKE cells after irradiation for the target conjugate nanomicelles.

Morphostructural analysis of the relief and the analysis of the self-similarity characteristics of stream network of the Northern Sikhote-Alin and adjacent territories were carried out. The relief of the studied territory has an inherited character; it was formed in several stages during the neotectonic stage. The most intense vertical movements occurred at the early phases of the neotectonic stage. At Pleistocene time the intensity of vertical movements decreased significantly. At this time, the modern erosion-denudation forms of relief was formed. At the final stages of neotectonic development (at the end of the Pleistocene — Holocene), there was a slight activation of vertical movements with a changes in the structural plan and the manifestation of NNE stretched structures in the relief, which was reflected in the features of the residual relief. The boundaries of areas with increased residual relief coincide with areas of increased seismicity in the region. A modification of the complex self-similarity parameter PRNS was proposed, the use application of which allowed us to improve the correlation of this parameter with the latest (youngest) movements detected by the morphostructural method. Zones of maximum PRNS values correlate with the areas of greatest relief increment, and zones of it’s minimum correlate with areas the smallest relief increment, or areas of most significant erosion. The results of the analysis of the characteristics of self-similarity of the stream network are mainly comparable with the manifestations of vertical tectonic movements at the final stages of neotectonic development.

The inefficiency of short-term forecasting of strong earthquakes is obvious. New methods and hypotheses of preparation of seismic events are interesting, but exact and reliable forecasts will not follow. Unpredictability is undoubtedly predetermined by nonlinearity, self-similarity, by a chaotic (not stochastic) and by bifurcations dynamics of seismic process in fractal geomedium. Superdependence of dynamic systems on initial conditions, vagueness of distinctions of background and abnormal structures and conditions, at rigid requirements to adequacy and representativity of forecasts, inevitably lead, to the negative decision of a problem. This article continues the long-standing scientific discussion about earthquake prediction, which was resumed after the our publication [Koronovsky et al., 2019].

The results of the formation of emulsions of a biologically active additive - wheat germ oil in a defatted fermented milk medium fermented by a consortium of probiotic microorganisms B. bifidum, B. longum, B. adolescentis, L. casei, L. rhamnosus, L. acidophilus, L. plantarum, L. fermentum. The dispersion medium contained at least 109 CFU in 1 g, the pH was 3.65-4.75, the titratable acidity was 120-130oT. The possibility of obtaining stable emulsions with a concentration of wheat germ oil up to 50% is shown. An increase in the capacity and stability of emulsions was established in 1.1-5.9, 1.3-10.6, 1.5-4.0, 1.7-4.7, 1.3-9.7, 1.2 -5.1 when introduced into the dispersion medium 0.5-3.5% of egg white, xanthan gum, egg powder, lecithin, guar gum, skimmed milk powder, respectively. The effect of the speed of rotation of the working body of the emulsifier in the range of 1000-3000 rpm on the emulsifying ability of the dispersion medium and the sedimentation stability of emulsions has been established. An approximating dependence of the emulsifying ability on the concentration of the emulsifier was obtained, taking into account the linear, quadratic and cubic influence of the factor. The results obtained provide a scientific basis for the process of obtaining biologically highly active probiotic emulsions based on wheat germ oil for the alimentary correction of metabolic processes in the human body. High emulsifying ability and sedimentation stability are ensured by the additional introduction of emulsifying substances into the fermented dispersion medium. The resulting emulsions had high organoleptic properties, have a more pronounced biocorrective effect on a number of important body functions, due to the combination of MZP with lacto- and bifidobacteria.

This study aims to assess the specific toxicity (allergenicity, immunotoxicity and reproduction toxicity) of a dosage form of complement C3 neodeterminant recombinant humanized antibody. The reactions of general anaphylaxis, active cutaneous anaphylaxis and delayed-type reaction demonstrated no drug-related signs of experimental animal sensitization and immediate or delayed hypersensitivity in the treated animals. It was found that, in doses exceeding significantly the expected human therapeutic dose, the drug has no effect on humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. In addition, the drug does not suppress the phagocytic cell activity thereby indicating the absence of immunotoxic effect. Moreover, the drug has no adverse effects on male and female reproduction, progeny embryonal development, as well as prenatal and postnatal progeny development. The obtained data can be used in future clinical studies of the drug safety.

Partial melting of mantle peridotites at spreading ridges is a continuous global process that forms the oceanic crust and refractory, positively buoyant residues (melt-depleted mantle peridotites). In the modern Earth, these rocks enter subduction zones as part of the oceanic lithosphere. However, in the early Earth, the melt-depleted peridotites were 2–3 times more voluminous and their role in controlling subduction regimes and the composition of the upper mantle remains poorly constrained. Here, we investigate styles of lithospheric tectonics, and related dynamics of the depleted mantle, using 2-D geodynamic models of converging oceanic plates over the range of mantle potential temperatures (Tp = 1300–1550 °C, ∆T = T − Tmodern = 0–250 °C) from the Archean to the present. Numerical modeling using prescribed plate convergence rates reveals that oceanic subduction can operate over this whole range of temperatures but changes from a two-sided regime at ∆T = 250 °C to one-sided at lower mantle temperatures. Two-sided subduction creates V-shaped accretionary terrains up to 180 km thick, composed mainly of highly hydrated metabasic rocks of the subducted oceanic crust, decoupled from the mantle. Partial melting of the metabasic rocks and related formation of sodic granitoids (Tonalite–Trondhjemite–Granodiorite suites, TTGs) does not occur until subduction ceases. In contrast, one sided-subduction leads to volcanic arcs with or without back-arc basins. Both subduction regimes produce over-thickened depleted upper mantle that cannot subduct and thus delaminates from the slab and accumulates under the oceanic lithosphere. The higher the mantle temperature, the larger the volume of depleted peridotites stored in the upper mantle. Extrapolation of the modeling results reveals that oceanic plate convergence at ∆T = 200–250 °C might create depleted peridotites (melt extraction of > 20%) constituting more than half of the upper mantle over relatively short geological times (~ 100–200 million years). This contrasts with the modeling results at modern mantle temperatures, where the amount of depleted peridotites in the upper mantle does not increase significantly with time. We therefore suggest that the bulk chemical composition of upper mantle in the Archean was much more depleted than the present mantle, which is consistent with the composition of the most ancient lithospheric mantle preserved in cratonic keels.

BACKGROUND: Rotaviruses are the main cause of acute gastroenteritis in children in both developed and developing countries. Vaccination is the only way to prevent severe and fatal course of this disease. Live attenuated viruses-based vaccines currently available can have a number of side effects. A candidate rotavirus vaccine reported is based on a hybrid recombinant protein FliCVP6VP8, which includes a VP6 protein fragment, a rotavirus A VP8 protein fragment, and S. typhimurium FliC flagellin components. AIM: The aim was to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of а preparation “Rotavirus vaccine, recombinant” in preclinical studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The immunogenicity of vaccine (blood antibody titers, antigen-specific proliferative response of spleen cells) was evaluated in BALB/c mice. The acute and subchronic toxicity, the possible irritating effect, pyrogenicity and the anaphylactic effect and delayed type hypersensitivity were evaluated in laboratory mice, rats, Guinea pigs, and rabbits. RESULTS: Double immunization of mice with the candidate vaccine demonstrated a significant increase in antibody titers in mouse sera compared to that in control mice. Evaluation of antigen-specific proliferative response after double immunization with a candidate vaccine demonstrated a significant increase in the values of stimulated proliferation. Evaluation of safety through acute and chronic toxicity studies demonstrated no toxicity. The immunostimulatory effect of vaccine was demonstrated when evaluating the number of antibody-producing cells with sheep red blood cells as antigens. The number of white blood cells was demonstrated to increase after the prolonged vaccine administration. CONCLUSIONS: The preclinical studies have demonstrated safety of the candidate rotavirus vaccine and its capability to produce the immune response.

Data on processes of electron scattering on ions and neutral atoms are required in fundamental studies and in applied research in such fields as astro- and laser physics, low density plasma simulations, kinetic modeling etc. Experimental and computational data on elastic and inelastic electron scattering in a wide range of electron energies is available mostly for the electron interaction with neutral atoms, but are very limited for the scattering on ions, notably for elastic processes. In present work the calculational approaches for the cross-section computation of electron elastic and inelastic scattering on neutral atoms and ions are considered. The atomic and ion properties obtained in quantum-statistical Hartree-Fock-Slater model are used in the direct computation of electron elastic scattering and ionization cross-sections by a partial waves method, semiclassical and distorted-wave approximations. Calculated cross-sections for elastic scattering on nitrogen and oxygen atoms and ions, and electron ionisation cross-sections are compared with the available experimental data and widely used approximations and propose consistent results. Considering applicability of Hartree-Fock-Slater model in wide scope of temperatures and densities, such approach to the cross-section calculation can be used in a broad range of energies and ion charges.

The inefficiency of short-term forecasting of strong earthquakes is obvious. New methods and hypotheses about the preparation of seismic events are interesting, but exact and reliable forecasts will not result. This unpredictability is undoubtedly determined by the nonlinearity, self-similarity, a chaotic (nonstochastic) character, and bifurcation dynamics of a seismic process in a fractal geomedium. Superdependence of geodynamic systems on initial conditions and parameters, vagueness of distinctions between background and anomalous structures and states, along with rigid requirements on the adequacy and representativity of forecasts, inevitably lead to the failure to solve the problem. This work continues the long-standing scientific discussion on earthquake prediction, which was resumed after the publication of our work (Koronovskii et al., 2019).