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1. The Fermi-LAT Lightcurve Repository

Author: S. Abdollahi, M. Ajello, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, D. Bastieri, J. Becerra Gonzalez, R. Bellazzini, A. Berretta, E. Bissaldi, R. Bonino, A. Brill, P. Bruel, E. Burns, S. Buson, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, P. A. Caraveo, N. Cibrario, S. Ciprini, P. Cristarella Orestano, M. Crnogorcevic, S. Cutini, F. D’Ammando, S. De Gaetano, S. W. Digel, N. Di Lalla, L. Di Venere, A. Domínguez, V. Fallah Ramazani, S. J. Fegan, E. C. Ferrara, A. Fiori, H. Fleischhack, A. Franckowiak, Y. Fukazawa, P. Fusco, V. Gammaldi, F. Gargano, S. Garrappa, C. Gasbarra, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, D. Green, I. A. Grenier, S. Guiriec, M. Gustafsson, E. Hays, D. Horan, X. Hou, G. Jóhannesson, M. Kerr, D. Kocevski, M. Kuss, L. Latronico, J. Li, I. Liodakis, F. Longo, F. Loparco, L. Lorusso, B. Lott, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, S. Maldera, A. Manfreda, G. Martí-Devesa, M. N. Mazziotta, I. Mereu, M. Meyer, P. F. Michelson, T. Mizuno, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, M. Negro, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, D. Paneque, G. Panzarini, J. S. Perkins, M. Persic, M. Pesce-Rollins, R. Pillera, T. A. Porter, G. Principe, J. L. Racusin, S. Rainò, R. Rando, B. Rani, M. Razzano, S. Razzaque, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, M. Sánchez-Conde, P. M. Saz Parkinson, Jeff Scargle, L. Scotton, D. Serini, C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, D. J. Thompson, D. F. Torres, J. Valverde, T. Venters, Z. Wadiasingh, S. Wagner, and K. Wood
Subjects: Gamma-ray astronomy, Active galactic nuclei, Light curves, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: The Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) lightcurve repository (LCR) is a publicly available, continually updated library of gamma-ray lightcurves of variable Fermi-LAT sources generated over multiple timescales. The Fermi-LAT LCR aims to provide publication-quality lightcurves binned on timescales of 3, 7, and 30 days for 1525 sources deemed variable in the source catalog of the first 10 yr of Fermi-LAT observations. The repository consists of lightcurves generated through full likelihood analyses that model the sources and the surrounding region, providing fluxes and photon indices for each time bin. The LCR is intended as a resource for the time-domain and multimessenger communities by allowing users to search LAT data quickly to identify correlated variability and flaring emission episodes from gamma-ray sources. We describe the sample selection and analysis employed by the LCR and provide an overview of the associated data access portal.
Published: 2023
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2. Fermi Large Area Telescope Fourth Source Catalog

Author: S. Abdollahi, F. Acero, M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, W. B. Atwood, M. Axelsson, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, J. Becerra Gonzalez, R. Bellazzini, A. Berretta, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini, T. J. Brandt, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, T. H. Burnett, S. Buson, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, P. A. Caraveo, J. M. Casandjian, D. Castro, E. Cavazzuti, E. Charles, S. Chaty, S. Chen, C. C. Cheung, G. Chiaro, S. Ciprini, J. Cohen-Tanugi, L. R. Cominsky, J. Coronado-Blázquez, D. Costantin, A. Cuoco, S. Cutini, F. D'Ammando, M. DeKlotz, P. de la Torre Luque, F. de Palma, A. Desai, S. W. Digel, N. Di Lalla, M. Di Mauro, L. Di Venere, A. Dominguez, D. Dumora, F. Fana Dirirsa, S. J. Fegan, E. C. Ferrara, A. Franckowiak, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, P. Giommi, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, D. Green, I. A. Grenier, S. Griffin, M.-H. Grondin, J. E. Grove, S. Guiriec, A. K. Harding, K. Hayashi, E. Hays, J. W. Hewitt, D. Horan, G. Jóhannesson, T. J. Johnson, T. Kamae, M. Kerr, D. Kocevski, M. Kovac’evic’, M. Kuss, D. Landriu, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, M. Lemoine-Goumard, J. Li, I. Liodakis, F. Longo, F. Loparco, B. Lott, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, G. M. Madejski, S. Maldera, D. Malyshev, A. Manfreda, E. J. Marchesini, L. Marcotulli, G. Martí-Devesa, P. Martin, F. Massaro, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, I. Mereu, M. Meyer, P. F. Michelson, N. Mirabal, T. Mizuno, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, M. Negro, E. Nuss, R. Ojha, N. Omodei, M. Orienti, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, M. Palatiello, V. S. Paliya, D. Paneque, Z. Pei, H. Peña-Herazo, J. S. Perkins, M. Persic, M. Pesce-Rollins, V. Petrosian, L. Petrov, F. Piron, H. Poon, T. A. Porter, G. Principe, S. Raino', R. Rando, M. Razzano, S. Razzaque, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, Q. Remy, T. Reposeur, R. W. Romani, P. M. Saz Parkinson, F. K. Schinzel, D. Serini, C. Sgro', E. J. Siskind, D. A. Smith, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, A. W. Strong, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, M. N. Takahashi, D. Tak, J. B. Thayer, D. J. Thompson, L. Tibaldo, D. F. Torres, E. Torresi, J. Valverde, B. Van Klaveren, P. van Zyl, K. Wood, M. Yassine, and G. Zaharijas
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the fourth Fermi Large Area Telescope catalog (4FGL) of gamma-ray sources. Based on the first eight years of science data from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope mission in the energy range from 50 MeV to 1 TeV, it is the deepest yet in this energy range. Relative to the 3FGL catalog, the 4FGL catalog has twice as much exposure as well as a number of analysis improvements, including an updated model for the Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission, and two sets of light curves (one-year and two-month intervals). The 4FGL catalog includes 5064 sources above 4 sigma significance, for which we provide localization and spectral properties. Seventy-five sources are modeled explicitly as spatially extended, and overall, 358 sources are considered as identified based on angular extent, periodicity, or correlated variability observed at other wavelengths. For 1336 sources, we have not found plausible counterparts at other wavelengths. More than 3130 of the identified or associated sources are active galaxies of the blazar class, and 239 are pulsars.
Published: 2020
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3. The Fermi-LAT Light Curve Repository

Author: S. Abdollahi, M. Ajello, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, D. Bastieri, J. Becerra Gonzalez, R. Bellazzini, A. Berretta, E. Bissaldi, R. Bonino, A. Brill, P. Bruel, E. Burns, S. Buson, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, P. A. Caraveo, N. Cibrario, S. Ciprini, P. Cristarella Orestano, M. Crnogorcevic, S. Cutini, F. D’Ammando, S. De Gaetano, S. W. Digel, N. Di Lalla, L. Di Venere, A. Domínguez, V. Fallah Ramazani, S. J. Fegan, E. C. Ferrara, A. Fiori, H. Fleischhack, A. Franckowiak, Y. Fukazawa, P. Fusco, V. Gammaldi, F. Gargano, S. Garrappa, C. Gasbarra, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, D. Green, I. A. Grenier, S. Guiriec, M. Gustafsson, E. Hays, D. Horan, X. Hou, G. Jóhannesson, M. Kerr, D. Kocevski, M. Kuss, L. Latronico, J. Li, I. Liodakis, F. Longo, F. Loparco, L. Lorusso, B. Lott, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, S. Maldera, A. Manfreda, G. Martí-Devesa, M. N. Mazziotta, I. Mereu, M. Meyer, P. F. Michelson, T. Mizuno, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, M. Negro, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, D. Paneque, G. Panzarini, J. S. Perkins, M. Persic, M. Pesce-Rollins, R. Pillera, T. A. Porter, G. Principe, J. L. Racusin, S. Rainò, R. Rando, B. Rani, M. Razzano, S. Razzaque, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, M. Sánchez-Conde, P. M. Saz Parkinson, Jeff Scargle, L. Scotton, D. Serini, C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, D. J. Thompson, D. F. Torres, J. Valverde, T. Venters, Z. Wadiasingh, S. Wagner, K. Wood, and UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Active galactic nuclei, Light Curves (918), Gamma-ray astronomy, Space and Planetary Science, Física, FOS: Physical sciences, Gamma-ray astronomy, Active galactic nuclei, Light curves, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma-Ray Astronomy (628), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Active Galactic Nuclei (16), Light curves, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, los autores pertenecientes a la UAM y el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si lo hubiere, The Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) lightcurve repository (LCR) is a publicly available, continually updated library of gamma-ray lightcurves of variable Fermi-LAT sources generated over multiple timescales. The Fermi-LAT LCR aims to provide publication-quality lightcurves binned on timescales of 3, 7, and 30 days for 1525 sources deemed variable in the source catalog of the first 10 yr of Fermi-LAT observations. The repository consists of lightcurves generated through full likelihood analyses that model the sources and the surrounding region, providing fluxes and photon indices for each time bin. The LCR is intended as a resource for the time-domain and multimessenger communities by allowing users to search LAT data quickly to identify correlated variability and flaring emission episodes from gamma-ray sources. We describe the sample selection and analysis employed by the LCR and provide an overview of the associated data access portal, M.N. and J.V. acknowledge that the material is based upon work supported by NASA under award number 80GSFC21M0002. D.K. and M.N. acknowledge support to this work from NASA Fermi GI Program under grant number 80NSSC23K0242. A.B. is supported by the NASA Postdoctoral Program at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities. INFN and ASI personnel performed in part under ASI-INFN Agreements No. 2021-43-HH.0. Work at NRL is supported by NASA. The Fermi-LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d’Études Spatiales in France. This work performed in part under DOE Contract DE-AC02-76SF00515
Published: 2023
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4. Unresolved Gamma-Ray Sky through its Angular Power Spectrum

Author: M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, E. Burns, S. Buson, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, P. A. Caraveo, E. Cavazzuti, S. Chen, G. Chiaro, S. Ciprini, D. Costantin, A. Cuoco, S. Cutini, F. D’Ammando, P. de la Torre Luque, F. de Palma, A. Desai, S. W. Digel, N. Di Lalla, M. Di Mauro, L. Di Venere, F. Fana Dirirsa, C. Favuzzi, A. Franckowiak, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, D. Green, I. A. Grenier, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, D. Horan, G. Jóhannesson, M. Kuss, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, J. Li, I. Liodakis, F. Longo, F. Loparco, P. Lubrano, J. D. Magill, S. Maldera, D. Malyshev, A. Manfreda, M. N. Mazziotta, I. Mereu, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, M. Negro, E. Nuss, M. Orienti, E. Orlando, M. Palatiello, V. S. Paliya, D. Paneque, M. Persic, M. Pesce-Rollins, V. Petrosian, F. Piron, T. A. Porter, G. Principe, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, S. Razzaque, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, D. Serini, C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, M. Takahashi, J. B. Thayer, L. Tibaldo, D. F. Torres, E. Troja, T. M. Venters, G. Vianello, K. Wood, M. Yassine, G. Zaharijas, S. Ammazzalorso, N. Fornengo, and M. Regis
Published: 2018
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5. Cosmic-ray electron-positron spectrum from 7 GeV to 2 TeV with the Fermi Large Area Telescope

Author: S. Abdollahi, M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, T. J. Brandt, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, M. Caragiulo, D. Castro, E. Cavazzuti, C. Cecchi, A. Chekhtman, S. Ciprini, J. Cohen-Tanugi, F. Costanza, A. Cuoco, S. Cutini, F. D’Ammando, F. de Palma, R. Desiante, S. W. Digel, N. Di Lalla, M. Di Mauro, L. Di Venere, P. S. Drell, A. Drlica-Wagner, C. Favuzzi, W. B. Focke, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, D. Green, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, A. K. Harding, T. Jogler, G. Jóhannesson, T. Kamae, M. Kuss, G. La Mura, L. Latronico, F. Longo, F. Loparco, P. Lubrano, S. Maldera, D. Malyshev, A. Manfreda, M. N. Mazziotta, P. F. Michelson, N. Mirabal, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, M. Negro, E. Nuss, E. Orlando, D. Paneque, J. S. Perkins, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, G. Pivato, T. A. Porter, G. Principe, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, C. Sgrò, D. Simone, E. J. Siskind, F. Spada, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, H. Tajima, J. B. Thayer, L. Tibaldo, D. F. Torres, E. Troja, M. Wood, A. Worley, G. Zaharijas, and S. Zimmer
Published: 2017
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6. Search for Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron Anisotropies with Seven Years of Fermi Large Area Telescope Data

Author: S. Abdollahi, M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. Albert, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini, T. J. Brandt, P. Bruel, S. Buson, M. Caragiulo, E. Cavazzuti, A. Chekhtman, S. Ciprini, F. Costanza, A. Cuoco, S. Cutini, F. D’Ammando, F. de Palma, R. Desiante, S. W. Digel, N. Di Lalla, M. Di Mauro, L. Di Venere, B. Donaggio, P. S. Drell, C. Favuzzi, W. B. Focke, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, D. Green, S. Guiriec, A. K. Harding, T. Jogler, G. Jóhannesson, T. Kamae, M. Kuss, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, J. Li, F. Longo, F. Loparco, P. Lubrano, J. D. Magill, D. Malyshev, A. Manfreda, M. N. Mazziotta, M. Meehan, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, M. Negro, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, N. Omodei, D. Paneque, J. S. Perkins, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, G. Pivato, G. Principe, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, C. Sgrò, D. Simone, E. J. Siskind, F. Spada, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, A. W. Strong, H. Tajima, J. B. Thayer, D. F. Torres, E. Troja, J. Vandenbroucke, G. Zaharijas, and S. Zimmer
Published: 2017
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7. Resolving the Extragalacticγ-Ray Background above 50 GeV with the Fermi Large Area Telescope

Author: M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. Albert, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, J. Bregeon, R. J. Britto, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, M. Caragiulo, P. A. Caraveo, E. Cavazzuti, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, J. Chiang, G. Chiaro, S. Ciprini, J. Cohen-Tanugi, L. R. Cominsky, F. Costanza, S. Cutini, F. D’Ammando, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, R. Desiante, S. W. Digel, M. Di Mauro, L. Di Venere, A. Domínguez, P. S. Drell, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, E. C. Ferrara, A. Franckowiak, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, P. Giommi, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, G. Godfrey, D. Green, I. A. Grenier, S. Guiriec, E. Hays, D. Horan, G. Iafrate, T. Jogler, G. Jóhannesson, M. Kuss, G. La Mura, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, J. Li, L. Li, F. Longo, F. Loparco, B. Lott, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, G. M. Madejski, J. Magill, S. Maldera, A. Manfreda, M. Mayer, M. N. Mazziotta, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, M. Negro, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, C. Okada, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, D. Paneque, J. S. Perkins, M. Pesce-Rollins, V. Petrosian, F. Piron, G. Pivato, T. A. Porter, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, S. Razzaque, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, T. Reposeur, R. W. Romani, M. Sánchez-Conde, J. Schmid, A. Schulz, C. Sgrò, D. Simone, E. J. Siskind, F. Spada, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, D. J. Suson, H. Takahashi, J. B. Thayer, L. Tibaldo, D. F. Torres, E. Troja, G. Vianello, M. Yassine, and S. Zimmer
Published: 2016
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8. Measurement of the high-energy gamma-ray emission from the Moon with the Fermi Large Area Telescope

Author: M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. Albert, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, M. Caragiulo, P. A. Caraveo, E. Cavazzuti, C. Cecchi, A. Chekhtman, J. Chiang, G. Chiaro, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, F. Costanza, A. Cuoco, S. Cutini, F. D’Ammando, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, R. Desiante, S. W. Digel, L. Di Venere, P. S. Drell, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, W. B. Focke, A. Franckowiak, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, I. A. Grenier, J. E. Grove, S. Guiriec, A. K. Harding, J. W. Hewitt, D. Horan, X. Hou, G. Iafrate, G. Jóhannesson, T. Kamae, M. Kuss, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, J. Li, L. Li, F. Longo, F. Loparco, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, J. Magill, S. Maldera, A. Manfreda, M. Mayer, M. N. Mazziotta, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, S. Murgia, E. Nuss, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, D. Paneque, J. S. Perkins, M. Pesce-Rollins, V. Petrosian, F. Piron, G. Pivato, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, T. Reposeur, C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, F. Spada, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, H. Takahashi, J. B. Thayer, D. J. Thompson, L. Tibaldo, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, E. Troja, G. Vianello, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, M. Yassine, F. Cerutti, A. Ferrari, and P. R. Sala
Published: 2016
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9. Searching for Dark Matter Annihilation from Milky Way Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies with Six Years of Fermi Large Area Telescope Data

Author: M. Ackermann, A. Albert, B. Anderson, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini, T. J. Brandt, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, M. Caragiulo, P. A. Caraveo, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, J. Chiang, G. Chiaro, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, A. Cuoco, S. Cutini, F. D’Ammando, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, R. Desiante, S. W. Digel, L. Di Venere, P. S. Drell, A. Drlica-Wagner, R. Essig, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, E. C. Ferrara, W. B. Focke, A. Franckowiak, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, G. A. Gomez-Vargas, I. A. Grenier, S. Guiriec, M. Gustafsson, E. Hays, J. W. Hewitt, D. Horan, T. Jogler, G. Jóhannesson, M. Kuss, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, J. Li, L. Li, M. Llena Garde, F. Longo, F. Loparco, P. Lubrano, D. Malyshev, M. Mayer, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, M. Meyer, P. F. Michelson, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, S. Murgia, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, M. Orienti, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, D. Paneque, J. S. Perkins, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, G. Pivato, T. A. Porter, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, S. Ritz, M. Sánchez-Conde, A. Schulz, N. Sehgal, C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, F. Spada, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, L. Strigari, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, J. B. Thayer, L. Tibaldo, D. F. Torres, E. Troja, G. Vianello, M. Werner, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, M. Wood, G. Zaharijas, and S. Zimmer
Published: 2015
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10. Updated search for spectral lines from Galactic dark matter interactions with pass 8 data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope

Author: M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. Albert, B. Anderson, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini, T. J. Brandt, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, M. Caragiulo, P. A. Caraveo, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, J. Chiang, G. Chiaro, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, A. Cuoco, S. Cutini, F. D’Ammando, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, R. Desiante, S. W. Digel, L. Di Venere, P. S. Drell, A. Drlica-Wagner, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, A. Franckowiak, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, G. Godfrey, G. A. Gomez-Vargas, I. A. Grenier, J. E. Grove, S. Guiriec, M. Gustafsson, J. W. Hewitt, A. B. Hill, D. Horan, G. Jóhannesson, R. P. Johnson, M. Kuss, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, J. Li, L. Li, F. Longo, F. Loparco, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, D. Malyshev, M. Mayer, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, P. F. Michelson, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, S. Murgia, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, M. Orienti, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, D. Paneque, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, G. Pivato, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, T. Reposeur, S. Ritz, M. Sánchez-Conde, A. Schulz, C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, F. Spada, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, J. B. Thayer, L. Tibaldo, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, E. Troja, G. Vianello, M. Werner, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, M. Wood, G. Zaharijas, and S. Zimmer
Published: 2015
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11. Anisotropies in the diffuse gamma-ray background measured by the Fermi LAT

Author: M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. Albert, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, E. D. Bloom, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, T. J. Brandt, J. Bregeon, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, P. A. Caraveo, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, A. Cuoco, S. Cutini, F. D’Ammando, F. de Palma, C. D. Dermer, S. W. Digel, E. do Couto e Silva, P. S. Drell, A. Drlica-Wagner, R. Dubois, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, E. C. Ferrara, P. Fortin, Y. Fukazawa, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, S. Germani, N. Giglietto, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, G. A. Gomez-Vargas, T. Grégoire, I. A. Grenier, J. E. Grove, S. Guiriec, M. Gustafsson, D. Hadasch, M. Hayashida, K. Hayashi, X. Hou, R. E. Hughes, G. Jóhannesson, A. S. Johnson, T. Kamae, J. Knödlseder, M. Kuss, J. Lande, L. Latronico, M. Lemoine-Goumard, T. Linden, A. M. Lionetto, M. Llena Garde, F. Longo, F. Loparco, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, M. Naumann-Godo, J. P. Norris, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, A. Okumura, M. Orienti, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, D. Paneque, J. H. Panetta, D. Parent, V. Pavlidou, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, F. Piron, G. Pivato, S. Rainò, R. Rando, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, M. Roth, C. Sbarra, J. Schmitt, C. Sgrò, J. Siegal-Gaskins, E. J. Siskind, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, A. W. Strong, D. J. Suson, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, J. B. Thayer, L. Tibaldo, M. Tinivella, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, E. Troja, T. L. Usher, J. Vandenbroucke, V. Vasileiou, G. Vianello, V. Vitale, A. P. Waite, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, M. Wood, Z. Yang, S. Zimmer, and E. Komatsu
Published: 2012
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12. Measurement of Separate Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron Spectra with the Fermi Large Area Telescope

Author: M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. Allafort, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, A. Bouvier, J. Bregeon, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, P. A. Caraveo, J. M. Casandjian, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, C. C. Cheung, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, S. Cutini, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, C. D. Dermer, S. W. Digel, E. do Couto e Silva, P. S. Drell, A. Drlica-Wagner, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, E. C. Ferrara, W. B. Focke, P. Fortin, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, S. Germani, N. Giglietto, P. Giommi, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, I. A. Grenier, J. E. Grove, S. Guiriec, M. Gustafsson, D. Hadasch, A. K. Harding, M. Hayashida, R. E. Hughes, G. Jóhannesson, A. S. Johnson, T. Kamae, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, J. Knödlseder, M. Kuss, J. Lande, L. Latronico, M. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Llena Garde, F. Longo, F. Loparco, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, G. M. Madejski, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, T. Nakamori, P. L. Nolan, J. P. Norris, E. Nuss, M. Ohno, T. Ohsugi, A. Okumura, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, M. Ozaki, D. Paneque, D. Parent, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, F. Piron, G. Pivato, T. A. Porter, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, S. Razzaque, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, T. Reposeur, S. Ritz, R. W. Romani, M. Roth, H. F.-W. Sadrozinski, C. Sbarra, T. L. Schalk, C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, A. W. Strong, H. Takahashi, T. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, L. Tibaldo, M. Tinivella, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, E. Troja, Y. Uchiyama, T. L. Usher, J. Vandenbroucke, V. Vasileiou, G. Vianello, V. Vitale, A. P. Waite, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, M. Wood, Z. Yang, and S. Zimmer
Published: 2012
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13. Constraining Dark Matter Models from a Combined Analysis of Milky Way Satellites with the Fermi Large Area Telescope

Author: M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. Albert, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, J. Bregeon, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, T. H. Burnett, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, B. Cañadas, P. A. Caraveo, J. M. Casandjian, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, S. Cutini, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, C. D. Dermer, S. W. Digel, E. do Couto e Silva, P. S. Drell, A. Drlica-Wagner, L. Falletti, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, E. C. Ferrara, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Gehrels, S. Germani, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, I. A. Grenier, S. Guiriec, M. Gustafsson, D. Hadasch, M. Hayashida, E. Hays, R. E. Hughes, T. E. Jeltema, G. Jóhannesson, R. P. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, T. Kamae, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, J. Knödlseder, M. Kuss, J. Lande, L. Latronico, A. M. Lionetto, M. Llena Garde, F. Longo, F. Loparco, B. Lott, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, G. M. Madejski, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, J. Mehault, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, M. Naumann-Godo, J. P. Norris, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, A. Okumura, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, M. Ozaki, D. Paneque, D. Parent, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, F. Piron, G. Pivato, T. A. Porter, S. Profumo, S. Rainò, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, S. Ritz, M. Roth, H. F.-W. Sadrozinski, C. Sbarra, J. D. Scargle, T. L. Schalk, C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, L. Strigari, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, D. J. Thompson, L. Tibaldo, M. Tinivella, D. F. Torres, E. Troja, Y. Uchiyama, J. Vandenbroucke, V. Vasileiou, G. Vianello, V. Vitale, A. P. Waite, P. Wang, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, M. Wood, Z. Yang, S. Zimmer, M. Kaplinghat, and G. D. Martinez
Published: 2011
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14. Constraints on dark matter models from a Fermi LAT search for high-energy cosmic-ray electrons from the Sun

Author: M. Ajello, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, E. Bottacini, A. Bouvier, J. Bregeon, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, P. A. Caraveo, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, S. Cutini, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, C. D. Dermer, S. W. Digel, E. do Couto e Silva, P. S. Drell, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, W. B. Focke, Y. Fukazawa, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, N. Gehrels, S. Germani, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, I. A. Grenier, S. Guiriec, M. Gustafsson, D. Hadasch, G. Iafrate, G. Jóhannesson, A. S. Johnson, T. Kamae, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, M. Kuss, L. Latronico, A. M. Lionetto, F. Longo, F. Loparco, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, P. F. Michelson, T. Mizuno, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, M. Naumann-Godo, J. P. Norris, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, M. Ozaki, D. Paneque, J. H. Panetta, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, F. Piron, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, S. Ritz, T. L. Schalk, C. Sgrò, J. Siegal-Gaskins, E. J. Siskind, P. D. Smith, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, D. J. Suson, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, L. Tibaldo, G. Tosti, E. Troja, T. L. Usher, J. Vandenbroucke, V. Vasileiou, G. Vianello, N. Vilchez, A. P. Waite, P. Wang, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, Z. Yang, and S. Zimmer
Published: 2011
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15. LSST camera - integration and test subsystem planning and status

Author: Adam Snyder, Scott P. Newbry, S. W. Digel, Vincent Lee, Martin Nordby, A. Roodman, Travis Lange, Kevin Reil, Yousouke Utsumi, Margaux Lopez, S. L. Marshall, Diane Hascall, Boyd Bowdish, A. P. Rasmussen, John Munoz, and Tim Bond
Subjects: Computer science, Integration testing, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Test (assessment), 010309 optics, Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, Systems engineering, State (computer science), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract: The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, under construction in Chile, is an 8.4 m optical survey telescope with a dedicated 3.2 Giga-pixel camera. The design and construction of the camera is spearheaded at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and here we present a general overview of the camera integration and test activities. An overview of the methodologies used for the planning and management of this subsystem will be given, along with a high-level summary of the status of the major pieces of I&T hardware. Finally a brief update will be given on the current state of the LSST Camera integration and testing program.
Published: 2018

16. LSST craft raft integration support equipment: design, assembly, and test status

Author: Tony Johnson, Vincent Lee, Travis Lange, Kevin Reil, Scott P. Newbry, Boyd Bowdish, S. W. Digel, Stefano Russo, Stephen Tether, Andrew Rasmussen, Giorgio Dho, and Tim Bond
Subjects: Cryostat, business.industry, Computer science, Raft, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, 01 natural sciences, Metrology, 010309 optics, Footprint (electronics), Installation, Test status, 0103 physical sciences, Electronics, business, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Computer hardware
Abstract: We present the mechanical device used to install the Raft Tower Modules (RTMs) into the cryosat of the camera for the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). In an RTM, the charge-coupled devices (CCDs) are packaged into a 3 x 3 Raft Sensor Assembly (RSA) and coupled to a Raft Electronics Crate (REC). An RTM weighs ~10 kg, is roughly 500 mm tall, and has a 126.5 mm-square footprint at the CCDs. The grid array which supports the RTM in the cryostat has a center-to-center distance of 127 mm. One of the key challenges for installing the RTMs in the 500 μm gap between CCDs of adjacent modules - contact between adjacent CCDs is strictly forbidden.
Published: 2018

17. The Fermi Galactic Center GeV Excess and Implications for Dark Matter

Author: Dario Gasparrini, J. Ballet, Francesco Longo, Elisabetta Bissaldi, L. Latronico, Miguel A. Sánchez-Conde, K. Tanaka, P. Bruel, A. S. Johnson, S. W. Digel, T. Ohsugi, M. Orienti, M. Ackermann, Eric Charles, Eleonora Troja, D. Malyshev, Yasunobu Uchiyama, T. H. Burnett, Soebur Razzaque, S. Maldera, F. Costanza, T. Kamae, Warit Mitthumsiri, M. Razzano, Filippo D'Ammando, John W. Hewitt, T. Jogler, G. Barbiellini, M. Kuss, M. Di Mauro, F. de Palma, D. J. Suson, W. B. Focke, T. J. Brandt, Gabrijela Zaharijas, Frederic Piron, Alice K. Harding, Diego F. Torres, Giacomo Principe, Alessandro Cuoco, W. B. Atwood, J. S. Perkins, Matthew Wood, E. Orlando, L. Tibaldo, Jingcheng Li, James Chiang, Andrea Chiappo, Francesco Giordano, Nicola Giglietto, R. Desiante, Roger Blandford, M. Caragiulo, R. A. Cameron, P. Spinelli, R. Buehler, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, Giacomo Vianello, Matteo Negro, A. Morselli, M. N. Lovellette, J. Bregeon, P. A. Caraveo, R. Bonino, Nestor Mirabal, Massimo Persic, Persis S. Drell, Ronaldo Bellazzini, Peter F. Michelson, Marcello Giroletti, K. S. Wood, Olaf Reimer, D. Horan, A. Chekhtman, P. Lubrano, S. Rainò, N. Di Lalla, Luca Baldini, Elliott D. Bloom, Claudia Cecchi, Sylvain Guiriec, Andrea Albert, F. Spada, R. Caputo, F. Gargano, Hiroyasu Tajima, S. J. Fegan, Jan Conrad, Stefan Larsson, C. Favuzzi, G. La Mura, E. J. Siskind, M. N. Mazziotta, M. Gustafsson, Melissa Pesce-Rollins, Pierrick Martin, J. D. Magill, G. A. Gomez-Vargas, Anna Franckowiak, Tsunefumi Mizuno, A. Reimer, E. Hays, Stephan Zimmer, G. Chiaro, J. E. Grove, Yasushi Fukazawa, S. Cutini, A. A. Moiseev, D. Kocevski, T. Glanzman, F. Loparco, M. E. Monzani, Eugenio Bottacini, Alberto Manfreda, Denis Bastieri, S. Ciprini, Marco Ajello, J. B. Thayer, J. F. Ormes, P. Fusco, Stefan Funk, Carmelo Sgrò, Riccardo Rando, D. Simone, David Paneque, I. A. Grenier, E. Cavazzuti, David H. Green, Gloria Spandre, L. Guillemot, E. Nuss, L. Di Venere, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fermi-LAT, Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Albert, A., Atwood, W. B., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonino, R., Bottacini, E., Brandt, T. J., Bregeon, J., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Burnett, T. H., Cameron, R. A., Caputo, R., Caragiulo, M., Caraveo, P. A., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Chiang, J., Chiappo, A., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Conrad, J., Costanza, F., Cuoco, A., Cutini, S., D'Ammando, F., De Palma, F., Desiante, R., Digel, S. W., Di Lalla, N., Di Mauro, M., Di Venere, L., Drell, P. S., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Focke, W. B., Franckowiak, A., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Gomez-Vargas, G. A., Green, D., Grenier, I. A., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Gustafsson, M., Harding, A. K., Hays, E., Hewitt, J. W., Horan, D., Jogler, T., Johnson, A. S., Kamae, T., Kocevski, D., Kuss, M., La Mura, G., Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Li, J., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Magill, J. D., Maldera, S., Malyshev, D., Manfreda, A., Martin, P., Mazziotta, M. N., Michelson, P. F., Mirabal, N., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Negro, M., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Orienti, M., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Perkins, J. S., Persic, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Principe, G., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Sanchez-Conde, M., Sgro, C., Simone, D., Siskind, E. J., Spada, F., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Tanaka, K., Thayer, J. B., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Troja, E., Uchiyama, Y., Vianello, G., Wood, K. S., Wood, M., Zaharijas, G., Zimmer, S., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire AIM, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre d'Etudes de Saclay, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier ( LUPM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques ( UM2 ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet ( LLR ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -École polytechnique ( X ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace ( LPC2E ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay ( USN ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie ( IRAP ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), D’Ammando, F., Palma, F. de, Lalla, N. Di, Mauro, M. Di, Venere, L. Di, Gomez Vargas, G. A., Mura, G. La, Longo, Francesco, Pesce Rollins, M., Rainò, S., Sánchez Conde, M., Sgrò, C., Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ITA
Subjects: [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy: bulge, propagation, gamma ray: flux, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, cosmic ray, Physics, general [ISM], Galaxy: center, Galactic Center, center [Galaxy], gamma ray: emission, cosmic radiation, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Milky Way, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, bulge [Galaxy], Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, cosmic rays, Galaxy: halo, gamma rays: general, ISM: general, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, cross section: annihilation, Galactic halo, gas, 0103 physical sciences, conservation law, halo [Galaxy], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, background, bubble, Astronomy, dark matter: annihilation, Galactic plane, Galaxy, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], ddc:520, galaxy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], general [gamma rays], Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: The region around the Galactic center (GC) is now well established to be brighter at energies of a few GeV than expected from conventional models of diffuse gamma-ray emission and catalogs of known gamma-ray sources. We study the GeV excess using 6.5 years of data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope. We characterize the uncertainty of the GC excess spectrum and morphology due to uncertainties in cosmic-ray source distributions and propagation, uncertainties in the distribution of interstellar gas in the Milky Way, and uncertainties due to a potential contribution from the Fermi bubbles. We also evaluate uncertainties in the excess properties due to resolved point sources of gamma rays. The Galactic center is of particular interest as it would be expected to have the brightest signal from annihilation of weakly interacting massive dark matter particles. However, control regions along the Galactic plane, where a dark-matter signal is not expected, show excesses of similar amplitude relative to the local background. Based on the magnitude of the systematic uncertainties, we conservatively report upper limits for the annihilation cross section as function of particle mass and annihilation channel., Comment: Contact authors: A. Albert, E. Charles, A. Franckowiak, D. Malyshev, L. Tibaldo. 63 pages, 34 figures. Published in ApJ
Published: 2017

18. Fermi-LAT Observations of High-energy Behind-the-limb Solar Flares

Author: Gudlaugur Johannesson, Lucas Guillemot, Giacomo Principe, T. Ohsugi, I. A. Grenier, L. K. Kashapova, M. E. Monzani, G. Barbiellini, M. Ackermann, C. Cecchi, Matteo Negro, A. Morselli, S. Maldera, Francesco Longo, R. Desiante, Diego F. Torres, Elena Orlando, L. Latronico, Denis Bastieri, F. Spada, Valentin Pal'shin, P. Spinelli, Nicola Omodei, T. Jogler, R. Buehler, Giacomo Vianello, Jingcheng Li, C. Favuzzi, Marcello Giroletti, M. Caragiulo, S. Cutini, N. Di Lalla, M. Razzano, Filippo D'Ammando, Igor V. Moskalenko, Frederic Piron, Olaf Reimer, Alice Allafort, R. A. Cameron, Eric Charles, F. Loparco, S. Ciprini, Vahé Petrosian, P. Lubrano, Nicola Giglietto, S. Rainò, S. W. Digel, Warit Mitthumsiri, M. Kuss, M. Di Mauro, Wei Liu, Hiroyasu Tajima, E. J. Siskind, P. A. Caraveo, Persis S. Drell, Francesco Giordano, Ronaldo Bellazzini, M. N. Mazziotta, F. Rubio da Costa, J. S. Perkins, Melissa Pesce-Rollins, G. La Mura, F. Costanza, Johan Bregeon, Tsunefumi Mizuno, F. Gargano, Luca Baldini, F. de Palma, Eugenio Bottacini, Alberto Manfreda, Yasushi Fukazawa, Stefan Larsson, Sylvain Guiriec, Eleonora Troja, Säm Krucker, R. Bonino, Elisabetta Bissaldi, P. Fusco, Carmelo Sgrò, Riccardo Rando, D. Simone, David Paneque, J. B. Thayer, J. D. Magill, E. Nuss, L. Di Venere, E. Cavazzuti, Gloria Spandre, P. Bruel, Ackermann, M., Allafort, A., Baldini, L., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Bonino, R., Bottacini, E., Bregeon, J., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Cameron, R. A., Caragiulo, M., Caraveo, P. A., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Ciprini, S., Costanza, F., Cutini, S., D'Ammando, F., Palma, F. De, Desiante, R., Digel, S. W., Lalla, N. Di, Mauro, M. Di, Venere, L. Di, Drell, P. S., Favuzzi, C., Fukazawa, Y., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Grenier, I. A., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Jogler, T., Jóhannesson, G., Kashapova, L., Krucker, S., Kuss, M., Mura, G. La, Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Li, J., Liu, W., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lubrano, P., Magill, J. D., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Mazziotta, M. N., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Negro, M., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Pal'Shin, V., Paneque, D., Perkins, J. S., Pesce Rollins, M., Petrosian, V., Piron, F., Principe, G., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, O., Costa, F. Rubio Da, Sgrò, C., Simone, D., Siskind, E. J., Spada, F., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Tajima, H., Thayer, J. B., Torres, D. F., Troja, E., Vianello, G., Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fermi-LAT, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier ( LUPM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques ( UM2 ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet ( LLR ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -École polytechnique ( X ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire AIM, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre d'Etudes de Saclay, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace ( LPC2E ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay ( USN ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Ackermann M, Allafort A, Baldini L, Barbiellini G, Bastieri D, Bellazzini R, Bissaldi E, Bonino R, Bottacini E, Bregeon J, Bruel P, Buehler R, Cameron R A, Caragiulo M, Caraveo P A, Cavazzuti E, Cecchi C, Charles E, Ciprini S, Costanza F, Cutini S, DAmmando F, de Palma F, Desiante R, Digel S W, Di Lalla N, Di Mauro M, Di Venere L, Drell P S, Favuzzi C, Fukazawa Y, Fusco P, Gargano F, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Giroletti M, Grenier I A, Guillemot L, Guiriec S, Jogler T, Jóhannesson G, Kashapova L, Krucker S, Kuss M, La Mura G, Larsson S, Latronico L, Li J, Liu W, Longo F, Loparco F, Lubrano P, Magill J D, Maldera S, Manfreda A, Mazziotta M N, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Monzani M E, Morselli A, Moskalenko I V, Negro M, Nuss E, Ohsugi T, Omodei N, Orlando E, Pal’shin V, Paneque D, Perkins J S, Pesce-Rollins M, Petrosian V, Piron F, Principe G, Rainò S, Rando R, Razzano M, Reimer O, Rubio da Costa F, Sgrò C, Simone D, Siskind E J, Spada F, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Tajima H, Thayer J B, Torres D F, Troja E, Vianello G, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ITA, and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Sun: flares, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Sun: flares – Sun: X-rays, gamma rays, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Electron, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, flare [Sun], law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, Coronal mass ejection, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Photosphere, Solar flare, Bremsstrahlung, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, gamma rays, Sun: X-rays, gamma rays, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Physics::Space Physics, ddc:520, X-rays, gamma ray [Sun], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Sun: X-rays, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, Flare
Abstract: We report on the Fermi-LAT detection of high-energy emission from the behind-the-limb (BTL) solar flares that occurred on 2013 October 11, and 2014 January 6 and September 1. The Fermi-LAT observations are associated with flares from active regions originating behind both the eastern and western limbs, as determined by STEREO. All three flares are associated with very fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and strong solar energetic particle events. We present updated localizations of the >100 MeV photon emission, hard X-ray (HXR)and EUV images, and broadband spectra from 10 keV to 10 GeV, as well as microwave spectra. We also provide a comparison of the BTL flares detected by Fermi-LAT with three on-disk flares and present a study of some of the significant quantities of these flares as an attempt to better understand the acceleration mechanisms at work during these occulted flares. We interpret the HXR emission to be due to electron bremsstrahlung from a coronal thin-target loop top with the accelerated electron spectra steepening at semirelativistic energies. The >100 MeV gamma-rays are best described by a pion-decay model resulting from the interaction of protons (and other ions) in a thick-target photospheric source. The protons are believed to have been accelerated (to energies >10 GeV) in the CME environment and precipitate down to the photosphere from the downstream side of the CME shock and landed on the front side of the Sun, away from the original flare site and the HXR emission., 13 pages, 14 figures published on ApJ
Published: 2017

19. Observations of M31 and M33 with the Fermi Large Area Telescope: A Galactic Center Excess in Andromeda?

Author: Jiancheng Wang, Diego F. Torres, Marco Ajello, S. Cutini, Jürgen Knödlseder, L. Latronico, F. Loparco, Ronaldo Bellazzini, R. A. Cameron, S. Rainò, J. F. Ormes, I. A. Grenier, E. Cavazzuti, David H. Green, Gloria Spandre, Jingcheng Li, G. Barbiellini, Andrea Albert, P. Spinelli, R. Buehler, P. Bruel, G. La Mura, Eric Charles, Xian Hou, Nicola Omodei, Kazuhiko Hayashi, Peter F. Michelson, Marcello Giroletti, M. N. Mazziotta, N. Di Lalla, Luca Baldini, Francesco Longo, Jean Ballet, M. Caragiulo, F. Gargano, Giacomo Principe, Claudia Cecchi, D. Malyshev, Sylvain Guiriec, Carmelo Sgrò, Riccardo Rando, Frederic Piron, E. J. Siskind, D. Simone, David Paneque, P. Martin, E. Orlando, M. Razzano, R. Bonino, Filippo D'Ammando, Johan Bregeon, K. Tanaka, A. Chekhtman, C. Favuzzi, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Nestor Mirabal, Elliott D. Bloom, P. Fusco, Matthew Wood, Warit Mitthumsiri, M. Kuss, M. Di Mauro, Matteo Negro, A. Morselli, Francesco Giordano, Stefan Funk, P. Lubrano, F. Spada, R. Caputo, Igor V. Moskalenko, Stefan Larsson, Gabrijela Zaharijas, Olaf Reimer, Melissa Pesce-Rollins, Tsunefumi Mizuno, S. W. Digel, G. Chiaro, R. Desiante, Ming Zhou, Miguel A. Sánchez-Conde, K. S. Wood, T. Ohsugi, Eleonora Troja, T. J. Brandt, L. Di Venere, E. Nuss, Gudlaugur Johannesson, M. E. Monzani, Lucas Guillemot, M. Ackermann, S. Maldera, F. Costanza, T. Kamae, L. Tibaldo, Nicola Giglietto, Elisabetta Bissaldi, Massimo Persic, P. A. Caraveo, T. Glanzman, Denis Bastieri, S. Ciprini, F. de Palma, Eugenio Bottacini, Alberto Manfreda, Albert K. H. Kong, T. A. Porter, Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Albert, A., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Bloom, E. D., Bonino, R., Bottacini, E., Brandt, T. J., Bregeon, J., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Cameron, R. A., Caputo, R., Caragiulo, M., Caraveo, P. A., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Costanza, F., Cutini, S., D'Ammando, F., De Palma, F., Desiante, R., Digel, S. W., Di Lalla, N., Di Mauro, M., Di Venere, L., Favuzzi, C., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Green, D., Grenier, I. A., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hayashi, K., Hou, X., Jóhannesson, G., Kamae, T., Knödlseder, J., Kong, A. K. H., Kuss, M., Mura, G. La, Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Li, J., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lubrano, P., Maldera, S., Malyshev, D., Manfreda, A., Martin, P., Mazziotta, M. N., Michelson, P. F., Mirabal, N., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Negro, M., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Persic, M., Pesce Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Principe, G., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, O., Sánchez Conde, M., Sgrò, C., Simone, D., Siskind, E. J., Spada, F., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Tanaka, K., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Troja, E., Uchiyama, Y., Wang, J. C., Wood, K. S., Wood, M., Zaharijas, G., Zhou, M., Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Hamburg] (DESY), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Clemson], Clemson University, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare [Pisa] (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste (INFN, Sezione di Trieste), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (INFN, Sezione di Padova), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, sezione di Bari (INFN, sezione di Bari), Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (KIPAC), Stanford University, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino (INFN, Sezione di Torino), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Zeuthen] (DESY), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics (SCIPP), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica - Milano (IASF-MI), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) Science Data Center, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia (INFN, Sezione di Perugia), George Mason University [Fairfax], Universita degli Studi di Padova, Istituto di Radioastronomia [Bologna] (IRA), Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Department of Astrophysics [Nagoya], Nagoya University, Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Science Institute, University of Iceland, University of Iceland [Reykjavik], Tokyo University of Science [Tokyo], Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Tsing Hua University [Hsinchu] (NTHU), DIEE, University of Cagliari, Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC-CSIC), Mahidol University [Bangkok], Hiroshima University, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata (INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Denver], University of Denver, Max-Planck-Institut für Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut) (MPI-P), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, Leopold-Franzens Universitat Innsbruck, Stockholm University, NYCB Real-Time Computing Inc., Lattingtown, NYCB Real-Time Computing Inc. [Lattingtown], Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai [Barcelona] (ICE-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Rikkyo University [Tokyo], Università degli Studi di Udine - University of Udine [Italie], ITA, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Innsbruck [Innsbruck], Ackermann M, Ajello M, Albert A, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Bastieri D, Bellazzini R, Bissaldi E, Bloom E D, Bonino R, Bottacini E, Brandt T J, Bregeon J, Bruel P, Buehler R, Cameron R A, Caputo R, Caragiulo M, Caraveo P A, Cavazzuti E, Cecchi C, Charles E, Chekhtman A, Chiaro G, Ciprini S, Costanza F, Cutini S, DAmmando F, de Palma F, Desiante R, Digel S W, Di Lalla N, Di Mauro M, Di Venere L, Favuzzi C, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Giroletti M, Glanzman T, Green D, Grenier I A, Guillemot L, Guiriec S, Hayashi K, Hou X, Jóhannesson G, Kamae T, Knödlseder J, Kong A K H, Kuss M, La Mura G, Larsson S, Latronico L, Li J, Longo F, Loparco F, Lubrano P, Maldera S, Malyshev D, Manfreda A, Martin P, Mazziotta M N, Michelson P F, Mirabal N, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Monzani M E, Morselli A, Moskalenko I V, Negro M, Nuss E, Ohsugi T, Omodei N, Orlando E, Ormes J F, Paneque D, Persic M, Pesce-Rollins M, Piron F, Porter T A, Principe G, Rainò S, Rando R, Razzano M, Reimer O, Sánchez-Conde M, Sgrò C, Simone D, Siskind E J, Spada F, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Tanaka K, Tibaldo L, Torres D F, Troja E, Uchiyama Y, Wang J C, Wood K S, Wood M, Zaharijas G, Zhou M, National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Stanford University [Stanford], Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, Istituto di Radioastronomia INAF, Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Astrophysics, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)
Subjects: Andromeda Galaxy, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], cosmic rays, gamma rays: galaxies, Local Group, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Milky Way, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy formation and evolution, galaxie [gamma rays], Interacting galaxy, 10. No inequality, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, cosmic ray, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Galaxy, Dwarf spheroidal galaxy, cosmic rays – gamma rays: galaxies – Local Group, Globular cluster, Elliptical galaxy, ddc:520, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The Fermi LAT has opened the way for comparative studies of cosmic rays (CRs) and high-energy objects in the Milky Way (MW) and in other, external, star-forming galaxies. Using 2 yr of observations with the Fermi LAT, local Group galaxy M31 was detected as a marginally extended gamma-ray source, while only an upper limit (UL) has been derived for the other nearby galaxy M33. We revisited the gamma-ray emission in the direction of M31 and M33 using more than 7 yr of LAT Pass 8 data in the energy range 0.1-100 GeV, presenting detailed morphological and spectral analyses. M33 remains undetected and we computed an UL for it. This revised UL remains consistent with the observed correlation between gamma-ray luminosity and star-formation rate tracers and implies an average CR density in M33 that is at most half of that of the MW. M31 is detected with a significance of nearly 10 sigma and to be extended with 4 sigma. Its spectrum is consistent with a power law. The spatial distribution of the emission is consistent with a uniform disk with a radius of 0.4 deg and no offset from the center of M31, but nonuniform intensity distributions cannot be excluded. The flux from M31 appears confined to the inner regions of the galaxy and does not fill the disk or extend far from it. The gamma-ray signal is not correlated with regions rich in gas or star-formation activity suggesting that the emission is not interstellar in origin, unless the energetic particles radiating in gamma rays do not originate in recent star formation. Alternative and nonexclusive interpretations are that the emission results from a population of millisecond pulsars dispersed in the bulge and disk of M31 by disrupted globular clusters or from the decay or annihilation of dark matter particles, similar to what has been proposed to account for the so-called Galactic Center excess found in Fermi-LAT observations of the MW., Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables
Published: 2017

20. Gamma-Ray Blazars within the First 2 Billion Years

Author: E. Nuss, I. A. Grenier, E. Cavazzuti, David H. Green, Gloria Spandre, L. Di Venere, Roopesh Ojha, R. A. Cameron, P. Spinelli, Igor V. Moskalenko, Carmelo Sgrò, Riccardo Rando, R. Buehler, Olaf Reimer, D. Horan, D. Simone, David Paneque, Vaidehi S. Paliya, Peter F. Michelson, Marcello Giroletti, Elliott D. Bloom, K. Tanaka, L. Marcotulli, M. Caragiulo, T. Jogler, G. Barbiellini, Gudlaugur Johannesson, M. N. Mazziotta, W. B. Focke, Frederic Piron, M. Razzano, Roger W. Romani, Filippo D'Ammando, P. Bruel, E. Orlando, P. Fusco, G. La Mura, D. J. Thompson, Marco Ajello, J. B. Thayer, J. F. Ormes, Dario Gasparrini, S. Rainò, E. Hays, Francesco Giordano, W. Mitthumsiri, Jan Conrad, Lukasz Stawarz, Diego F. Torres, Giacomo Principe, G. Tosti, F. Spada, Giacomo Vianello, Stefan Larsson, C. C. Cheung, Monica Orienti, Stefan Funk, S. J. Fegan, C. S. Stalin, C. Favuzzi, K. S. Wood, Melissa Pesce-Rollins, Dieter H. Hartmann, Francesco Longo, Bindu Rani, R. Bonino, Nestor Mirabal, Ronaldo Bellazzini, Jingcheng Li, Massimo Persic, M. Ackermann, N. Di Lalla, Luca Baldini, A. Reimer, J. D. Magill, M. Kuss, M. Di Mauro, M. Takahashi, Sylvain Guiriec, M. E. Monzani, S. Maldera, D. Costantin, F. Costanza, T. Ohsugi, Eleonora Troja, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Denis Bastieri, Eleonora Torresi, G. Chiaro, F. de Palma, Yasushi Fukazawa, J. S. Perkins, Nicola Giglietto, M. N. Lovellette, P. A. Caraveo, Persis S. Drell, Aaron Dominguez, Soebur Razzaque, S. Ciprini, James Chiang, Justin D. Finke, L. Latronico, L. Guillemot, Eugenio Bottacini, Alberto Manfreda, Roger Blandford, J. Becerra González, J. Ballet, Elisabetta Bissaldi, A. S. Johnson, F. Gargano, Sara Buson, T. A. Porter, E. J. Siskind, S. Cutini, F. Loparco, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, Nicola Omodei, P. Lubrano, Matteo Negro, A. Morselli, J. Bregeon, D. J. Suson, S. W. Digel, R. Desiante, Claudia Cecchi, Laboratoire AIM, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre d'Etudes de Saclay, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier ( LUPM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques ( UM2 ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet ( LLR ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -École polytechnique ( X ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace ( LPC2E ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay ( USN ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Fermi-LAT, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Gonzalez, J. Becerra, Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonino, R., Bottacini, E., Bregeon, J., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Buson, S., Cameron, R. A., Caragiulo, M., Caraveo, P. A., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Conrad, J., Costantin, D., Costanza, F., Cutini, S., D'Ammando, F., Palma, F. De, Desiante, R., Digel, S. W., Lalla, N. Di, Mauro, M. Di, Venere, L. Di, Domínguez, A., Drell, P. S., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Finke, J., Focke, W. B., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Green, D., Grenier, I. A., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hartmann, D. H., Hays, E., Horan, D., Jogler, T., Jóhannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Kuss, M., Mura, G. La, Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Li, J., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Magill, J. D., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Marcotulli, L., Mazziotta, M. N., Michelson, P. F., Mirabal, N., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Negro, M., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Ojha, R., Omodei, N., Orienti, M., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paliya, V. S., Paneque, D., Perkins, J. S., Persic, M., Pesce Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Principe, G., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Rani, B., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Romani, R. W., Sgrò, C., Simone, D., Siskind, E. J., Spada, F., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Stalin, C. S., Stawarz, L., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, M., Tanaka, K., Thayer, J. B., Thompson, D. J., Torres, D. F., Torresi, E., Tosti, G., Troja, E., Vianello, G., Wood, K. S., ITA, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris
Subjects: Active galactic nucleus, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Radio galaxy, galaxies: active, galaxies: high-redshift, galaxies: jets, gamma rays: galaxies, quasars: general, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Population, jets [galaxies], Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, Astrophysical jet, 0103 physical sciences, galaxie [gamma rays], Blazar, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, education.field_of_study, general [quasars], Astronomy, Quasar, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Black hole, jet [galaxies], [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], galaxies [gamma rays], active [galaxies], ddc:520, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], high-redshift [galaxies]
Abstract: The astrophysical journal 837(1), L5 (2017). doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aa5fff, The detection of high-redshift ($z\,\gt 3$) blazars enables the study of the evolution of the most luminous relativistic jets over cosmic time. More importantly, high-redshift blazars tend to host massive black holes and can be used to constrain the space density of heavy black holes in the early universe. Here, we report the first detection with the Fermi-Large Area Telescope of five γ-ray-emitting blazars beyond z = 3.1, more distant than any blazars previously detected in γ-rays. Among these five objects, NVSS J151002+570243 is now the most distant known γ-ray-emitting blazar at z = 4.31. These objects have steeply falling γ-ray spectral energy distributions (SEDs), and those that have been observed in X-rays have a very hard X-ray spectrum, both typical of powerful blazars. Their Compton dominance (ratio of the inverse Compton to synchrotron peak luminosities) is also very large ($\gt 20$). All of these properties place these objects among the most extreme members of the blazar population. Their optical spectra and the modeling of their optical-UV SEDs confirm that these objects harbor massive black holes (${M}_{\mathrm{BH}}\sim {10}^{8-10}\,{M}_{\odot }$). We find that, at $z\approx 4$, the space density of $\gt {10}^{9}\,{M}_{\odot }$ black holes hosted in radio-loud and radio-quiet active galactic nuclei are similar, implying that radio-loudness may play a key role in rapid black hole growth in the early universe., Published by Univ., Chicago, Ill. [u.a.]
Published: 2017

21. The second catalog of flaring gamma-ray sources from the Fermi All-sky Variability Analysis

Author: L. Latronico, S. J. Fegan, M. Ackermann, Jean Ballet, C. Favuzzi, S. Maldera, F. Costanza, Roger Blandford, P. Bruel, M. E. Monzani, M. Razzano, Igor V. Moskalenko, Matteo Giomi, R. Bonino, Gino Tosti, Filippo D'Ammando, M. Di Mauro, Francesco Longo, Olaf Reimer, Dario Gasparrini, P. Fusco, Abhishek Desai, Nicola Omodei, K. Tanaka, J. B. Thayer, D. J. Thompson, Gudlaugur Johannesson, F. Spada, J. S. Perkins, Daniel Kocevski, Melissa Pesce-Rollins, C. C. Cheung, Vahé Petrosian, C. Cecchi, Giacomo Principe, D. Costantin, Janet Conrad, Lucas Guillemot, Luca Baldini, Johan Bregeon, W. B. Focke, F. Gargano, Frederic Piron, M. Takahashi, D. J. Suson, S. Abdollahi, T. A. Porter, R. A. Cameron, Marco Ajello, R. Buehler, A. Reimer, N. Di Lalla, I. A. Grenier, Sylvain Guiriec, Francesco Giordano, A. Franckowiak, M. Caragiulo, T. Ohsugi, Jingcheng Li, Monica Orienti, A. S. Johnson, A. Chekhtman, E. Cavazzuti, J. D. Magill, S. Buson, M. Kuss, Soebur Razzaque, Elizabeth Hays, Peter F. Michelson, Marcello Giroletti, David H. Green, G. Barbiellini, Matteo Negro, A. Morselli, Stefan Funk, Eleonora Troja, Giacomo Vianello, D. Horan, Andrea Albert, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, W. Mitthumsiri, M. N. Lovellette, G. La Mura, Nicola Giglietto, T. Glanzman, Gloria Spandre, Massimo Persic, P. Lubrano, Tsunefumi Mizuno, S. W. Digel, S. Cutini, G. Chiaro, M. N. Mazziotta, E. J. Siskind, Stefan Larsson, P. A. Caraveo, E. D. Bloom, J. E. Grove, Persis S. Drell, Yasushi Fukazawa, Ronaldo Bellazzini, P. Spinelli, Kent S. Wood, T. Jogler, F. de Palma, Eleonora Torresi, E. Nuss, L. Di Venere, Michael Mayer, Lukasz Stawarz, Carmelo Sgrò, Riccardo Rando, F. Loparco, D. Simone, David Paneque, Diego F. Torres, Elena Orlando, J. Becerra González, Elisabetta Bissaldi, Vaidehi S. Paliya, S. Rainò, Eugenio Bottacini, Alberto Manfreda, Denis Bastieri, B. Donaggio, S. Ciprini, R. Desiante, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), ITA, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Abdollahi, S., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Albert, A., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Becerra Gonzalez, J., Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonino, R., Bottacini, E., Bregeon, J., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Buson, S., Cameron, R. A., Caragiulo, M., Caraveo, P. A., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Conrad, J., Costantin, D., Costanza, F., Cutini, S., D'Ammando, F., Palma, F. De, Desai, A., Desiante, R., Digel, S. W., Lalla, N. Di, Mauro, M. Di, Venere, L. Di, Donaggio, B., Drell, P. S., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Focke, W. B., Franckowiak, A., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giglietto, N., Giomi, M., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Green, D., Grenier, I. A., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hays, E., Horan, D., Jogler, T., Jóhannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Kocevski, D., Kuss, M., Mura, G. La, Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Li, J., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Magill, J. D., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Mayer, M., Mazziotta, M. N., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Negro, M., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orienti, M., Orlando, E., Paliya, V. S., Paneque, D., Perkins, J. S., Persic, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Petrosian, V., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Principe, G., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Sgrò, C., Simone, D., Siskind, E. J., Spada, F., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Stawarz, L., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, M., Tanaka, K., Thayer, J. B., Thompson, D. J., Torres, D. F., Torresi, E., Tosti, G., Troja, E., Vianello, G., Wood, K. S., Laboratoire AIM, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre d'Etudes de Saclay, Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques ( UM2 ), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet ( LLR ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -École polytechnique ( X ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace ( LPC2E ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay ( USN ), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: catalog, Active galactic nucleus, media_common.quotation_subject, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, galaxies: active, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, law.invention, Telescope, photometric [techniques], techniques: photometric, Spitzer Space Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Variability, Blazar, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astroparticle physics, catalogs, gamma rays: general, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma ray, astroparticle physic, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Sky, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], active [galaxies], ddc:520, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, general [gamma rays], Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: We present the second catalog of flaring gamma-ray sources (2FAV) detected with the Fermi All-sky Variability Analysis (FAVA), a tool that blindly searches for transients over the entire sky observed by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the \textit{Fermi} Gamma-ray Space Telescope. With respect to the first FAVA catalog, this catalog benefits from a larger data set, the latest LAT data release (Pass 8), as well as from an improved analysis that includes likelihood techniques for a more precise localization of the transients. Applying this analysis on the first 7.4 years of \textit{Fermi} observations, and in two separate energy bands 0.1$-$0.8 GeV and 0.8$-$300 GeV, a total of 4547 flares has been detected with a significance greater than $6\sigma$ (before trials), on the time scale of one week. Through spatial clustering of these flares, 518 variable gamma-ray sources are identified. Likely counterparts, based on positional coincidence, have been found for 441 sources, mostly among the blazar class of active galactic nuclei. For 77 2FAV sources, no likely gamma-ray counterpart has been found. For each source in the catalog, we provide the time, location, and spectrum of each flaring episode. Studying the spectra of the flares, we observe a harder-when-brighter behavior for flares associated with blazars, with the exception of BL Lac flares detected in the low-energy band. The photon indexes of the flares are never significantly smaller than 1.5. For a leptonic model, and under the assumption of isotropy, this limit suggests that the spectrum of the freshly accelerated electrons is never harder than $p\sim$2., Comment: Accepted for publication by The Astrophysical Journal Supplement. Online analysis results available at http://fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov/ssc/data/access/lat/FAVA/index.php . Corresponding authors: M. Giomi, R. Buehler, D. Kocevski, and M. Ajello
Published: 2016

22. Detection of Gamma-Ray Emission from the Starburst Galaxies M82 and NGC 253 with the Large Area Telescope on Fermi

Author: A. A. Abdo, M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, W. B. Atwood, M. Axelsson, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, E. D. Bloom, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, J. Bregeon, A. Brez, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, T. H. Burnett, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, P. A. Caraveo, J. M. Casandjian, E. Cavazzuti, C. Cecchi, Ö. Çelik, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, C. C. Cheung, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, C. D. Dermer, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, S. W. Digel, E. do Couto e Silva, P. S. Drell, A. Drlica-Wagner, R. Dubois, D. Dumora, C. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, W. B. Focke, L. Foschini, M. Frailis, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Gehrels, S. Germani, B. Giebels, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, I. A. Grenier, M.-H. Grondin, J. E. Grove, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, Y. Hanabata, A. K. Harding, M. Hayashida, E. Hays, R. E. Hughes, G. Jóhannesson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, W. N. Johnson, T. Kamae, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, N. Kawai, M. Kerr, J. Knödlseder, M. L. Kocian, M. Kuss, J. Lande, L. Latronico, M. Lemoine-Goumard, F. Longo, F. Loparco, B. Lott, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, G. M. Madejski, A. Makeev, M. N. Mazziotta, W. McConville, J. E. McEnery, C. Meurer, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, T. Nakamori, P. L. Nolan, J. P. Norris, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, M. Ozaki, D. Paneque, J. H. Panetta, D. Parent, V. Pelassa, M. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, T. A. Porter, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, T. Reposeur, S. Ritz, A. Y. Rodriguez, R. W. Romani, M. Roth, F. Ryde, H. F.-W. Sadrozinski, A. Sander, P. M. Saz Parkinson, J. D. Scargle, A. Sellerholm, C. Sgrò, M. S. Shaw, D. A. Smith, P. D. Smith, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, M. S. Strickman, A. W. Strong, D. J. Suson, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, D. J. Thompson, L. Tibaldo, O. Tibolla, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, A. Tramacere, Y. Uchiyama, T. L. Usher, V. Vasileiou, N. Vilchez, V. Vitale, A. P. Waite, P. Wang, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, T. Ylinen, M. Ziegler, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules (LPTA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fermi-LAT, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., Dermer, C. D., Angelis, A. d., Palma, F. d., Digel, S. W., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Drlica Wagner, A., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Foschini, L., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine Goumard, M., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcconville, W., Mcenery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Sellerholm, A., Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Strong, A. W., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], galaxies: individual: M82 NGC 253, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Fermi satellite, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, NGC 253), law.invention, Telescope, Spitzer Space Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, galaxies: individual (M82, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cosmic rays, galaxies: individual (M82, NGC 253), gamma rays: general, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Gamma ray, Sigma, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, cosmic rays, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: 著者人数：170名, Accepted: 2009-12-14, 資料番号: SA1000986000
Published: 2010

23. EGRET Observations of Monoceros: Diffuse Gamma‐Ray Emission in the Outer Galaxy

Author: I. A. Grenier, S. W. Digel, Patrick Thaddeus, Thomas M. Dame, and Stanley D. Hunter
Subjects: Physics, biology, Point source, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Perseus Arm, Gamma ray, Flux, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, biology.organism_classification, Galaxy, law.invention, Telescope, Space and Planetary Science, law, Emissivity, Egret, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: We present an analysis of the diffuse gamma-ray emission observed toward Monoceros by the Energetic Gamma-Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET). The region studied, l = 210°-250°, b = -15° to +20°, has kinematically well-defined segments of the local and Perseus arms and is one of the best regions for the study of variations of cosmic-ray density across the outer Galaxy. The local gamma-ray emissivity is (1.81 ± 0.17) × 10-26 s-1 sr-1 for energies greater than 100 MeV. For energies greater than 300 MeV, the gamma-ray emissivity in Monoceros is consistent with that of other local clouds studied with EGRET, which suggests that the density of GeV cosmic-ray protons does not vary significantly on scales of less than 1 kpc. As with other local clouds studied with EGRET, an excess of emissivity is observed above 1 GeV relative to that predicted from the cosmic-ray spectrum at the Earth. The gamma-ray emissivity is apparently enhanced in the Perseus arm relative to the interarm regions, although to a much lesser degree than predicted by the model of Hunter et al. The molecular mass calibrating ratio, X = N(H2)/WCO, is (1.64 ± 0.31) × 1020 cm-2 (K km s-1)-1 in the local clouds and is apparently about the same (to within 50%) in Maddalena's cloud. An uncataloged, marginally significant (~4.5 σ) unidentified point source near (2155, 05) with a flux of (1.4 ± 0.5) × 10-7 cm-2 s-1 (>100 MeV) is suggested by the data.
Published: 2001

24. Distance Limits on the Bright X‐Ray Emission toward the Galactic Center: Evidence for a Very Hot Interstellar Medium in the Galactic X‐Ray Bulge

Author: R. C. Almy, Jorge May, Dan McCammon, Leonardo Bronfman, and S. W. Digel
Subjects: Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Molecular cloud, Galactic Center, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Superbubble, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Galaxy, Luminosity, Space and Planetary Science, Loop I Bubble, ROSAT, Surface brightness, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: Observations of the diUuse X-ray background at energies and 1.5 keV show a large region of D3 enhanced emission around the Galactic center. The origin of this X-ray enhancement is not known, but the best candidates are the nearby Loop I superbubble and a Galactic X-ray bulge. To diUerentiate between these two possibilities, the distance scales to the X-rayemitting material along the line of sight must be established. A mosaic of 13 ROSAT PSPC pointings in the direction of l D 337i, b D 4i reveals X-ray shadows in the and 1.5 keV bands cast by a distant molecular cloud complex. Analysis of the 3 shadows indicates that a large fraction (45% ^ 9%) of the observed emission in this direction originates beyond the cloud complex, located at d D 2 kpc. The implied surface brightness of this distant emission source can account for D70% of the enhanced emission away from the absorption trough in the Galac- tic plane. This result indicates that the Loop I bubble cannot be the principal source of the enhanced X-ray emission, and suggests the existence of a bright X-ray source occupying the central region of the Galaxy, with a radial extent of D6 kpc and an X-ray luminosity of D1039 ergs s~1. We examine some simple models of the emission region and compare them to the ROSAT all-sky survey. A thermal origin for the emission implies a plasma temperature of D4 ) 106 K and a total thermal energy in the range of 6¨9 ) 1055 ergs. Subject headings: Galaxy: structureISM: cloudsISM: structureX-rays: ISM
Published: 2000

25. EGRET Observations of the Diffuse Gamma‐Ray Emission from the Galactic Plane

Author: H. A. Mayer-Hasselwander, Patrick Thaddeus, P. L. Nolan, J. R. Catelli, D. L. Bertsch, D. A. Kniffen, Thomas M. Dame, Yiing Lin, J. A. Esposito, Stanley D. Hunter, R. C. Hartman, P. Sreekumar, D. J. Thompson, S. W. Digel, Gottfried Kanbach, Brenda Dingus, Reshmi Mukherjee, E. J. Schneid, C. von Montigny, C. E. Fichtel, and Peter F. Michelson
Subjects: Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma ray, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Radius, Astrophysics, Galactic plane, Spectral line, Galaxy, Interstellar medium, Space and Planetary Science, Longitude, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: The high-energy diffuse gamma-ray emission from the Galactic plane, |b| ≤ 10°, is studied using observations from the Energetic Gamma-Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) on the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory. The spatial distribution of the diffuse emission has been determined for four broad energy ranges after removing the contribution from point sources detected with greater than 5 σ significance. The longitude and latitude distributions of the intensity, averaged over 4° latitude ranges and 10° longitude ranges, respectively, are shown for the four energy ranges. Spectra of the diffuse emission in 11 energy bands, covering the energy range 30 MeV to 30 GeV, were determined for 10° × 4° (l × b) bins after correcting for the finite EGRET angular resolution. The average spectrum from the direction of the inner Galaxy is shown for 29 energy bands, covering the energy range 30 MeV to 50 GeV. At latitudes |b| > 2°, corresponding to gamma rays emitted within about 3 kpc of the Sun, there is no significant variation in the spectra with Galactic longitude. Comparison of the spectra from the Galactic plane (|b| < 2°) reveals no significant variation with Galactic longitude below about 4 GeV, which suggests that the cosmic-ray electron to proton ratio does not vary significantly throughout the Galaxy. Above 4 GeV, however, there is weak (about 3 σ) evidence for variation of the Galactic plane (|b| < 2°) spectrum with longitude. The spectrum is softer in the direction of the outer Galaxy by about E compared to the spectrum from the inner Galaxy. This variation of the diffuse gamma-ray emission hints at a variation of the cosmic-ray proton spectrum with Galactic radius, which might be expected if cosmic rays are accelerated primarily in the inner Galaxy and then propagate to the outer Galaxy or if the high-energy cosmic rays are confined less well in the outer Galaxy. The spatial and spectral distributions of the diffuse emission are compared with a model calculation of this emission based on dynamic balance and realistic interstellar matter and photon distributions. The spatial comparison is used to establish the value of the molecular mass calibrating ratio N(H2)/WCO and the cosmic-ray/matter coupling scale r0, which are the only adjustable parameters of the model. Comparisons with the observations indicates N(H2)/WCO = (1.56 ± 0.05) × 1020 mol cm-2 (K km s-1)-1 and r0 = (1.76 ± 0.2) kpc. The spatial agreement between this model and the observation is very good. However, above about 1 GeV the integral intensity predicted by the model is about 60% less than the observed intensity. Although the explanation of this excess is unclear, uncertainties in the neutral pion production function or variations in the cosmic-ray spectrum with Galactic radius may partially account for the underprediction. A small medium-latitude (2° < |b| < 10°) excess in the direction of the inner Galaxy exists and may indicate that the low-energy photon density used in the model is too low.
Published: 1997

26. THE FIRST FERMI LAT SUPERNOVA REMNANT CATALOG

Author: F. Acero, M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini, T. J. Brandt, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, M. Caragiulo, P. A. Caraveo, J. M. Casandjian, E. Cavazzuti, C. Cecchi, A. Chekhtman, J. Chiang, G. Chiaro, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. M. Cohen, J. Cohen-Tanugi, L. R. Cominsky, B. Condon, J. Conrad, S. Cutini, F. D’Ammando, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, R. Desiante, S. W. Digel, L. Di Venere, P. S. Drell, A. Drlica-Wagner, C. Favuzzi, E. C. Ferrara, A. Franckowiak, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, P. Giommi, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, G. A. Gomez-Vargas, I. A. Grenier, M.-H. Grondin, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, M. Gustafsson, D. Hadasch, A. K. Harding, M. Hayashida, E. Hays, J. W. Hewitt, A. B. Hill, D. Horan, X. Hou, G. Iafrate, T. Jogler, G. Jóhannesson, A. S. Johnson, T. Kamae, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, J. Katsuta, M. Kerr, J. Knödlseder, D. Kocevski, M. Kuss, H. Laffon, J. Lande, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, M. Lemoine-Goumard, J. Li, L. Li, F. Longo, F. Loparco, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, J. Magill, S. Maldera, M. Marelli, M. Mayer, M. N. Mazziotta, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, M. E. Monzani, E. Moretti, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, R. Nemmen, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, N. Omodei, M. Orienti, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, D. Paneque, J. S. Perkins, M. Pesce-Rollins, V. Petrosian, F. Piron, G. Pivato, T. A. Porter, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, S. Razzaque, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, M. Renaud, T. Reposeur, R. Rousseau, P. M. Saz Parkinson, J. Schmid, A. Schulz, C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, F. Spada, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, A. W. Strong, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, J. B. Thayer, D. J. Thompson, L. Tibaldo, O. Tibolla, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, E. Troja, Y. Uchiyama, G. Vianello, B. Wells, K. S. Wood, M. Wood, M. Yassine, P. R. den Hartog, S. Zimmer, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Acero F, Ackermann M, Ajello M, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Bastieri D, Bellazzini R, Bissaldi E, Blandford RD, Bloom ED, Bonino R, Bottacini E, Brandt TJ, Bregeon J, Bruel P, Buehler R, Buson S, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Caputo R, Caragiulo M, Caraveo PA, Casandjian JM, Cavazzuti E, Cecchi C, Chekhtman A, Chiang J, Chiaro G, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cohen JM, Cohen-Tanugi J, Cominsky LR, Condon B, Conrad J, Cutini S, DAmmando F, de Angelis A, de Palma F, Desiante R, Digel SW, Di Venere L, Drell PS, Drlica-Wagner A, Favuzzi C, Ferrara EC, Franckowiak A, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Giglietto N, Giommi P, Giordano F, Giroletti M, Glanzman T, Godfrey G, Gomez-Vargas GA, Grenier IA, Grondin MH, Guillemot L, Guiriec S, Gustafsson M, Hadasch D, Harding AK, Hayashida M, Hays E, Hewitt JW, Hill AB, Horan D, Hou X, Iafrate G, Jogler T, Johannesson G, Johnson AS, Kamae T, Katagiri H, Kataoka J, Katsuta J, Kerr M, Knodlseder J, Kocevski D, Kuss M, Laffon H, Lande J, Larsson S, Latronico L, Lemoine-Goumard M, Li J, Li L, Longo F, Loparco F, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Magill J, Maldera S, Marelli M, Mayer M, Mazziotta MN, Michelson PF, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Moiseev AA, Monzani ME, Moretti E, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Murgia S, Nemmen R, Nuss E, Ohsugi T, Omodei N, Orienti M, Orlando E, Ormes JF, Paneque D, Perkins JS, Pesce-Rollins M, Petrosian V, Piron F, Pivato G, Porter TA, Raino S, Rando R, Razzano M, Razzaque S, Reimer A, Reimer O, Renaud M, Reposeur T, Rousseau R, Parkinson PMS, Schmid J, Schulz A, Sgro C, Siskind EJ, Spada F, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Strong AW, Suson DJ, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Tanaka T, Thayer JB, Thompson DJ, Tibaldo L, Tibolla O, Torres DF, Tosti G, Troja E, Uchiyama Y, Vianello G, Wells B, Wood KS, Wood M, Yassine M, den Hartog PR, Zimmer S, ITA, Acero, F., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonino, R., Bottacini, E., Brandt, T. J., Bregeon, J., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caputo, R., Caragiulo, M., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Chekhtman, A., Chiang, J., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen, J. M., Cohen Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Condon, B., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., D'Ammando, F., Angelis, A. De, Palma, F. De, Desiante, R., Digel, S. W., Venere, L. Di, Drell, P. S., Drlica Wagner, A., Favuzzi, C., Ferrara, E. C., Franckowiak, A., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Gomez Vargas, G. A., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Gustafsson, M., Hadasch, D., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hewitt, J. W., Hill, A. B., Horan, D., Hou, X., Iafrate, G., Jogler, T., Jóhannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Katsuta, J., Kerr, M., Knödlseder, J., Kocevski, D., Kuss, M., Laffon, H., Lande, J., Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Lemoine Goumard, M., Li, J., Li, L., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Magill, J., Maldera, S., Marelli, M., Mayer, M., Mazziotta, M. N., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monzani, M. E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nemmen, R., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orienti, M., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Perkins, J. S., Pesce Rollins, M., Petrosian, V., Piron, F., Pivato, G., Porter, T. A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Renaud, M., Reposeur, T., Rousseau, R., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Schmid, J., Schulz, A., Sgrò, C., Siskind, E. J., Spada, F., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strong, A. W., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Troja, E., Uchiyama, Y., Vianello, G., Wells, B., Wood, K. S., Wood, M., Yassine, M., Den Hartog, P. R., and Zimmer, S.
Subjects: catalog, Acceleration of particles, Supernova Remnants, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flux, Context (language use), Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, Supernova remnant, ISM [gamma-rays], Cosmic rays, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, acceleration of particle, cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, gamma-rays: ISM, ISM: supernova remnants, Physics, radiation mechanisms: nonthermal, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, nonthermal [radiation mechanisms], gamma-rays, Astronomy and Astrophysic, catalogs, cosmic rays, Space and Planetary Science, Radio, Supernova, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, ddc:520, supernova remnant [ISM], Longitude, acceleration of particles – catalogs – cosmic rays – gamma-rays: ISM – ISM: supernova remnants – radiation mechanisms: nonthermal, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: International audience; To uniformly determine the properties of supernova remnants (SNRs) at high energies, we have developed the first systematic survey at energies from 1 to 100 GeV using data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). Based on the spatial overlap of sources detected at GeV energies with SNRs known from radio surveys, we classify 30 sources as likely GeV SNRs. We also report 14 marginal associations and 245 flux upper limits. A mock catalog in which the positions of known remnants are scrambled in Galactic longitude allows us to determine an upper limit of 22% on the number of GeV candidates falsely identified as SNRs. We have also developed a method to estimate spectral and spatial systematic errors arising from the diffuse interstellar emission model, a key component of all Galactic Fermi LAT analyses. By studying remnants uniformly in aggregate, we measure the GeV properties common to these objects and provide a crucial context for the detailed modeling of individual SNRs. Combining our GeV results with multiwavelength (MW) data, including radio, X-ray, and TeV, we demonstrate the need for improvements to previously sufficient, simple models describing the GeV and radio emission from these objects. We model the GeV and MW emission from SNRs in aggregate to constrain their maximal contribution to observed Galactic cosmic rays.
Published: 2016

27. Publisher’s Note: Anisotropies in the diffuse gamma-ray background measured by the Fermi LAT [Phys. Rev. D85, 083007 (2012)]

Author: T. Mizuno, Charles D. Dermer, Eiichiro Komatsu, James Chiang, P. Fortin, P. Lubrano, F. Piron, R. Buehler, Markus Roth, T. J. Brandt, Richard Dubois, P. S. Drell, R. Rando, Matthew J.A. Wood, X. Hou, G. Tosti, I. A. Grenier, Carla Sbarra, Igor V. Moskalenko, Olaf Reimer, R. Bellazzini, Giacomo Vianello, Marcello Giroletti, Denis Bastieri, Brian L Winer, Atsushi Okumura, W. Mitthumsiri, D. Parent, M. Orienti, C. Monte, E. Do Couto E Silva, Gloria Spandre, Julie McEnery, Tim Linden, J. Schmitt, Jürgen Knödlseder, Takaaki Tanaka, D. J. Suson, J. Lande, C. Favuzzi, S. Germani, F. Gargano, Hiromitsu Takahashi, S. Rainò, R. E. Hughes, M. E. Monzani, Diego F. Torres, F. Loparco, Dario Gasparrini, A. S. Johnson, S. Cutini, E. J. Siskind, T. Kamae, N. Giglietto, E. Orlando, Marco Ajello, J. B. Thayer, G. Pivato, L. Tibaldo, J. E. Grove, Yasushi Fukazawa, Emanuele Bonamente, Stefano Ciprini, R. A. Cameron, E. Troja, Keith Bechtol, Alex Drlica-Wagner, K. Hayashi, Markus Ackermann, Sara Buson, T. Ohsugi, Andrea Lionetto, P. Bruel, S. Murgia, M. N. Lovellette, J. Ballet, P. A. Caraveo, Elliott D. Bloom, Luca Latronico, Andrea Albert, M. Hayashida, J.H. Panetta, Johann Cohen-Tanugi, J. F. Ormes, F. D'Ammando, G. A. Gomez-Vargas, Timothée Grégoire, M. Llena Garde, M. Tinivella, Andrew W. Strong, Melissa Pesce-Rollins, Jan Conrad, G. A. Caliandro, S. J. Fegan, M. Lemoine-Goumard, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, Justin Vandenbroucke, S. W. Digel, Zhenwei Yang, Shanta M. Zimmer, G. Barbiellini, A. Chekhtman, T. Glanzman, Carmelo Sgrò, A. W. Borgland, M. N. Mazziotta, T. L. Usher, A. P. Waite, E. Nuss, G.L. Godfrey, Claudia Cecchi, David Paneque, Alessandro Cuoco, M. Kuss, P. Spinelli, Vasiliki Pavlidou, M. Brigida, G. Jóhannesson, E. Charles, J. P. Norris, K. S. Wood, R. Claus, A. Morselli, F. Longo, Jennifer M. Siegal-Gaskins, V. Vitale, V. Vasileiou, J. Bregeon, Luca Baldini, Sylvain Guiriec, M. Pierbattista, A. Reimer, M. Naumann-Godo, F. de Palma, Mats Gustafsson, P. Fusco, and Daniela Hadasch
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Gamma ray, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Gravitation, 0103 physical sciences, Optoelectronics, Anisotropy, Gamma-ray burst, business, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Published: 2012

28. DISCOVERY OF HIGH-ENERGY GAMMA-RAY EMISSION FROM THE BINARY SYSTEM PSR B1259-63/LS 2883 AROUND PERIASTRON WITH FERMI

Author: A. A. Abdo, M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. Allafort, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, R. D. Blandford, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, J. Bregeon, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, F. Camilo, P. A. Caraveo, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, S. Chaty, A. Chekhtman, M. Chernyakova, C. C. Cheung, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, L. R. Cominsky, S. Corbel, S. Cutini, F. D'Ammando, A. de Angelis, P. R. den Hartog, F. de Palma, C. D. Dermer, S. W. Digel, E. do Couto e Silva, M. Dormody, P. S. Drell, A. Drlica-Wagner, R. Dubois, G. Dubus, D. Dumora, T. Enoto, C. M. Espinoza, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, E. C. Ferrara, W. B. Focke, P. Fortin, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Gehrels, S. Germani, N. Giglietto, P. Giommi, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, I. A. Grenier, M.-H. Grondin, J. E. Grove, E. Grundstrom, S. Guiriec, C. Gwon, D. Hadasch, A. K. Harding, M. Hayashida, E. Hays, G. Jóhannesson, A. S. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, S. Johnston, T. Kamae, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, M. Keith, M. Kerr, J. Knödlseder, M. Kramer, M. Kuss, J. Lande, S.-H. Lee, M. Lemoine-Goumard, F. Longo, F. Loparco, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, R. N. Manchester, M. Marelli, M. N. Mazziotta, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, T. Nakamori, M. Naumann-Godo, A. Neronov, P. L. Nolan, J. P. Norris, A. Noutsos, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, A. Okumura, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, D. Paneque, D. Parent, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, F. Piron, T. A. Porter, A. Possenti, S. Rainò, R. Rando, P. S. Ray, M. Razzano, S. Razzaque, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, T. Reposeur, S. Ritz, H. F.-W. Sadrozinski, J. D. Scargle, C. Sgrò, R. Shannon, E. J. Siskind, P. D. Smith, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, M. S. Strickman, D. J. Suson, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, D. J. Thompson, S. E. Thorsett, L. Tibaldo, O. Tibolla, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, E. Troja, Y. Uchiyama, T. L. Usher, J. Vandenbroucke, V. Vasileiou, G. Vianello, V. Vitale, A. P. Waite, P. Wang, B. L. Winer, M. T. Wolff, D. L. Wood, K. S. Wood, Z. Yang, M. Ziegler, S. Zimmer, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GLAST, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fermi-LAT, Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Allafort, A., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Camilo, F., Caraveo, P. A., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chaty, S., Chekhtman, A., Chernyakova, M., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Corbel, S., Cutini, S., D'Ammando, F., Angelis, A., Den, P. R., Palma, F., Dermer, C. D., Digel, S. W., E. d. C., Dormody, M., Drell, P. S., Drlica Wagner, A., Dubois, R., Dubus, G., Dumora, D., Enoto, T., Espinoza, C. M., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M., Grove, J. E., Grundstrom, E., Guiriec, S., Gwon, C., Hadasch, D., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, T. J., Johnston, S., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Keith, M., Kerr, M., Kn\odlseder, J., Kramer, M., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Lee, S., Lemoine Goumard, M., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Manchester, R. N., Marelli, M., Mazziotta, M. N., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Naumann Godo, M., Neronov, A., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Noutsos, A., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Okumura, A., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Paneque, D., Parent, D., Pesce Rollins, M., Pierbattista, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Possenti, A., Rain\`o, S., Rando, R., Ray, P. S., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Sadrozinski, H. F., Scargle, J. D., Sgr\`o, C., Shannon, R., Siskind, E. J., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. G., Thayer, J. B., Thompson, D. J., Thorsett, S. E., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Troja, E., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vandenbroucke, J., Vasileiou, V., Vianello, G., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wolff, M. T., Wood, D. L., Wood, K. S., Yang, Z., Ziegler, M., Zimmer, S., Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Abdo AA, Ackermann M, Ajello M, Allafort A, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Bastieri D, Bechtol K, Bellazzini R, Berenji B, Blandford RD, Bonamente E, Borgland AW, Bregeon J, Brigida M, Bruel P, Buehler R, Buson S, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Camilo F, Caraveo PA, Cecchi C, Charles E, Chaty S, Chekhtman A, Chernyakova M, Cheung CC, Chiang J, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cohen-Tanugi J, Cominsky LR, Corbel S, Cutini S, DAmmando F, de Angelis A, den Hartog PR, de Palma F, Dermer CD, Digel SW, Silva EDE, Dormody M, Drell PS, Drlica-Wagner A, Dubois R, Dubus G, Dumora D, Enoto T, Espinoza CM, Favuzzi C, Fegan SJ, Ferrara EC, Focke WB, Fortin P, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Gehrels N, Germani S, Giglietto N, Giommi P, Giordano F, Giroletti M, Glanzman T, Godfrey G, Grenier IA, Grondin MH, Grove JE, Grundstrom E, Guiriec S, Gwon C, Hadasch D, Harding AK, Hayashida M, Hays E, Johannesson G, Johnson AS, Johnson TJ, Johnston S, Kamae T, Katagiri H, Kataoka J, Keith M, Kerr M, Knodlseder J, Kramer M, Kuss M, Lande J, Lee SH, Lemoine-Goumard M, Longo F, Loparco F, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Manchester RN, Marelli M, Mazziotta MN, Michelson PF, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Moiseev AA, Monte C, Monzani ME, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Murgia S, Nakamori T, Naumann-Godo M, Neronov A, Nolan PL, Norris JP, Noutsos A, Nuss E, Ohsugi T, Okumura A, Omodei N, Orlando E, Paneque D, Parent D, Pesce-Rollins M, Pierbattista M, Piron F, Porter TA, Possenti A, Raino S, Rando R, Ray PS, Razzano M, Razzaque S, Reimer A, Reimer O, Reposeur T, Ritz S, Sadrozinski HFW, Scargle JD, Sgro C, Shannon R, Siskind EJ, Smith PD, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Strickman MS, Suson DJ, Takahashi H, Tanaka T, Thayer JG, Thayer JB, Thompson DJ, Thorsett SE, Tibaldo L, Tibolla O, Torres DF, Tosti G, Troja E, Uchiyama Y, Usher TL, Vandenbroucke J, Vasileiou V, Vianello G, Vitale V, Waite AP, Wang P, Winer BL, Wolff MT, Wood DL, Wood KS, Yang Z, Ziegler M, Zimmer S, and Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], binaries: eclipsing, gamma rays: stars, pulsars: individual: PSR B1259–63, X-rays: binaries, Be star, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Astrophysics, gamma rays: stars, 01 natural sciences, star [gamma rays], Luminosity, law.invention, Telescope, X-rays: binaries, eclipsing [binaries], Pulsar, law, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, binaries: eclipsing, pulsars: individual: PSR B1259{\ndash}63, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, pulsars: individual (PSR B1259−63), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR.SR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Orbit, Binaries: eclipsing, pulsars: individual (PSR B1259-63), 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, binaries [X-rays], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, individual: PSR B1259{\ndash}63 [pulsars], Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: We report on the discovery of \geq 100 MeV {\gamma} rays from the binary system PSR B1259-63/LS 2883 using the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board Fermi. The system comprises a radio pulsar in orbit around a Be star. We report on LAT observations from near apastron to ~ 60 days after the time of periastron, tp, on 2010 December 15. No {\gamma}-ray emission was detected from this source when it was far from periastron. Faint {\gamma}-ray emission appeared as the pulsar approached periastron. At ~ tp + 30d, the \geq 100 MeV {\gamma}-ray flux increased over a period of a few days to a peak flux 20-30 times that seen during the pre-periastron period, but with a softer spectrum. For the following month, it was seen to be variable on daily time scales, but remained at ~ 1 - 4 \times 10^-6 cm^-2 s^-1 before starting to fade at ~ tp + 57d. The total {\gamma}-ray luminosity observed during this period is comparable to the spin-down power of the pulsar. Simultaneous radio and X-ray observations of the source showed no corresponding dramatic changes in radio and X-ray flux between the pre-periastron and post-periastron flares. We discuss possible explanations for the observed {\gamma}-ray-only flaring of the source., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters Contact authors: A. A. Abdo, S. Johnston, D. Parent, A. Neronov, K. S. Wood
Published: 2011

29. Observations of the Large Magellanic Cloud with Fermi

Author: A. A. Abdo, M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, B. M. Baughman, K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, J. Bregeon, A. Brez, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, T. H. Burnett, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, P. A. Caraveo, J. M. Casandjian, C. Cecchi, Ö. Çelik, A. Chekhtman, C. C. Cheung, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, L. R. Cominsky, J. Conrad, S. Cutini, C. D. Dermer, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, S. W. Digel, E. do Couto e Silva, P. S. Drell, R. Dubois, D. Dumora, C. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, W. B. Focke, P. Fortin, M. Frailis, Y. Fukazawa, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Gehrels, S. Germani, G. Giavitto, B. Giebels, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, E. V. Gotthelf, I. A. Grenier, M.-H. Grondin, J. E. Grove, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, Y. Hanabata, A. K. Harding, M. Hayashida, E. Hays, D. Horan, R. E. Hughes, M. S. Jackson, P. Jean, G. Jóhannesson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Johnson, T. Kamae, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, N. Kawai, M. Kerr, J. Knödlseder, M. L. Kocian, M. Kuss, J. Lande, L. Latronico, M. Lemoine-Goumard, F. Longo, F. Loparco, B. Lott, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, G. M. Madejski, A. Makeev, F. Marshall, P. Martin, M. N. Mazziotta, W. McConville, J. E. McEnery, C. Meurer, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, P. L. Nolan, J. P. Norris, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, D. Paneque, D. Parent, V. Pelassa, M. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, T. A. Porter, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, T. Reposeur, S. Ritz, A. Y. Rodriguez, R. W. Romani, M. Roth, F. Ryde, H. F.-W. Sadrozinski, D. Sanchez, A. Sander, P. M. Saz Parkinson, J. D. Scargle, A. Sellerholm, C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, D. A. Smith, P. D. Smith, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, J.-L. Starck, M. S. Strickman, A. W. Strong, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, D. J. Thompson, L. Tibaldo, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, A. Tramacere, Y. Uchiyama, T. L. Usher, V. Vasileiou, C. Venter, N. Vilchez, V. Vitale, A. P. Waite, P. Wang, P. Weltevrede, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, T. Ylinen, M. Ziegler, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Fermi-LAT, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., Angelis, A. d., Palma, F. d., Digel, S. W., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giavitto, G., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Gotthelf, E. V., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, M. S., Jean, P., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine Goumard, M., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Marshall, F., Martin, P., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcconville, W., Mcenery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, M., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Sellerholm, A., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Starck, J. L., Strickman, M. S., Strong, A. W., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Venter, C., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Weltevrede, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., and Ziegler, M.
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic ray, Fermi satellite, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Spitzer Space Telescope, cosmic rays, 0103 physical sciences, gamma rays: galaxies, Magellanic Clouds, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010306 general physics, Large Magellanic Cloud, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, acceleration of particles, Physics, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Interstellar medium, Stars, Supernova, [PHYS.ASTR.GA]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, galaxies [gamma rays], [SDU.ASTR.GA]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], Acceleration of particles, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: Context: The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is to date the only normal external galaxy that has been detected in high-energy gamma rays. High-energy gamma rays trace particle acceleration processes and gamma-ray observations allow the nature and sites of acceleration to be studied. Aims: We characterise the distribution and sources of cosmic rays in the LMC from analysis of gamma-ray observations. Methods: We analyse 11 months of continuous sky-survey observations obtained with the Large Area Telescope aboard the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope and compare it to tracers of the interstellar medium and models of the gamma-ray sources in the LMC. Results: The LMC is detected at 33 sigma significance. The integrated >100 MeV photon flux of the LMC amounts to (2.6 +/- 0.2) * 10^-7 ph/cm2/s which corresponds to an energy flux of (1.6 +/- 0.1) * 10^-10 erg/cm2/s, with additional systematic uncertainties of ~16%. The analysis reveals the massive star forming region 30 Doradus as a bright source of gamma-ray emission in the LMC in addition to fainter emission regions found in the northern part of the galaxy. The gamma-ray emission from the LMC shows very little correlation with gas density and is rather correlated to tracers of massive star forming regions. The close confinement of gamma-ray emission to star forming regions suggests a relatively short GeV cosmic-ray proton diffusion length. Conclusions: The close correlation between cosmic-ray density and massive star tracers supports the idea that cosmic rays are accelerated in massive star forming regions as a result of the large amounts of kinetic energy that are input by the stellar winds and supernova explosions of massive stars into the interstellar medium., Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures, A&A, in press
Published: 2010

30. PSR J1907+0602: A RADIO-FAINT GAMMA-RAY PULSAR POWERING A BRIGHT TeV PULSAR WIND NEBULA

Author: A. A. Abdo, M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, B. M. Baughman, K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, J. Bregeon, A. Brez, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, T. H. Burnett, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, F. Camilo, P. A. Caraveo, J. M. Casandjian, C. Cecchi, Ö. Çelik, A. Chekhtman, C. C. Cheung, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, I. Cognard, J. Cohen-Tanugi, L. R. Cominsky, J. Conrad, S. Cutini, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, S. W. Digel, B. L. Dingus, M. Dormody, E. do Couto e Silva, P. S. Drell, R. Dubois, D. Dumora, C. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, W. B. Focke, P. Fortin, M. Frailis, P. C. C. Freire, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Gehrels, S. Germani, G. Giavitto, B. Giebels, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, I. A. Grenier, M.-H. Grondin, J. E. Grove, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, Y. Hanabata, A. K. Harding, E. Hays, R. E. Hughes, M. S. Jackson, G. Jóhannesson, A. S. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Johnson, S. Johnston, T. Kamae, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, N. Kawai, M. Kerr, J. Knödlseder, M. L. Kocian, M. Kuss, J. Lande, L. Latronico, M. Lemoine-Goumard, F. Longo, F. Loparco, B. Lott, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, A. Makeev, M. Marelli, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, C. Meurer, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, P. L. Nolan, J. P. Norris, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, D. Paneque, D. Parent, V. Pelassa, M. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, T. A. Porter, S. Rainò, R. Rando, P. S. Ray, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, T. Reposeur, S. Ritz, M. S. E. Roberts, L. S. Rochester, A. Y. Rodriguez, R. W. Ro‘mani, M. Roth, F. Ryde, H. F.-W. Sadrozinski, D. Sanchez, A. Sander, P. M. Saz Parkinson, J. D. Scargle, C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, D. A. Smith, P. D. Smith, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, M. S. Strickman, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, G. Theureau, D. J. Thompson, L. Tibaldo, O. Tibolla, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, A. Tramacere, Y. Uchiyama, T. L. Usher, A. Van Etten, V. Vasileiou, C. Venter, N. Vilchez, V. Vitale, A. P. Waite, P. Wang, K. Watters, B. L. Winer, M. T. Wolff, K. S. Wood, T. Ylinen, M. Ziegler, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules (LPTA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fermi-LAT, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Camilo, F., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cognard, I., Cohen Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., Angelis, A. d., Palma, F. d., Digel, S. W., Dingus, B. L., Dormody, M., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Freire, P. C. C., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giavitto, G., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hays, E., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, M. S., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Johnston, S., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine Goumard, M., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Makeev, A., Marelli, M., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcenery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Ray, P. S., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Roberts, M. S. E., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Ro'Mani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Theureau, G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Etten, A. V., Vasileiou, V., Venter, C., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Watters, K., Winer, B. L., Wolff, M. T., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Fermi satellite, Astrophysics, gamma rays: general, pulsars: general, pulsars: individual: PSR J1907+0602, supernovae: individual: SNR G40.5-0.5, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Pulsar wind nebula, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Pulsar Wind Nebulae, Pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, Pulsars, Supernova remnant, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Nebula, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Molecular cloud, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astronomy and Astrophysics, pulsars: individual (PSR J1907+0602), supernovae: individual (SNR G40.5-0.5), Light curve, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Energy (signal processing), Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: We present multiwavelength studies of the 106.6 ms γ-ray pulsar PSR J1907+06 near the TeV source MGRO J1908+06. Timing observations with Fermi result in a precise position determination for the pulsar of R.A. = 19h07m54.s7(2), decl. = +06°02'16(2)'' placing the pulsar firmly within the TeV source extent, suggesting the TeV source is the pulsar wind nebula of PSR J1907+0602. Pulsed γ-ray emission is clearly visible at energies from 100 MeV to above 10 GeV. The phase-averaged power-law index in the energy range E > 0.1 GeV is Γ = 1.76 ± 0.05 with an exponential cutoff energy Ec = 3.6 ± 0.5 GeV. We present the energy-dependent γ-ray pulsed light curve as well as limits on off-pulse emission associated with the TeV source. We also report the detection of very faint (flux density of ~= 3.4 μJy) radio pulsations with the Arecibo telescope at 1.5 GHz having a dispersion measure DM = 82.1 ± 1.1 cm-3 pc. This indicates a distance of 3.2 ± 0.6 kpc and a pseudo-luminosity of L 1400 ~= 0.035 mJy kpc2. A Chandra ACIS observation revealed an absorbed, possibly extended, compact (lsim4'') X-ray source with significant nonthermal emission at R.A. = 19h07m54.s76, decl. = +06°02'14farcs6 with a flux of 2.3+0.6 -1.4 × 10-14 erg cm-2 s-1. From archival ASCA observations, we place upper limits on any arcminute scale 2-10 keV X-ray emission of ~1 × 10-13 erg cm-2 s-1. The implied distance to the pulsar is compatible with that of the supernova remnant G40.5 - 0.5, located on the far side of the TeV nebula from PSR J1907+0602, and the S74 molecular cloud on the nearer side which we discuss as potential birth sites.
Published: 2010

31. Fermi Large Area Telescope Observations Of The Vela Pulsar

Author: A. A. Abdo, M. Ackermann, W. B. Atwood, R. Bagagli, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, D. L. Band, G. Barbiellini, M. G. Baring, J. Bartelt, D. Bastieri, B. M. Baughman, K. Bechtol, F. Bellardi, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, D. Bisello, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, J. R. Bogart, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, A. Bouvier, J. Bregeon, A. Brez, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, T. H. Burnett, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, F. Camilo, P. A. Caraveo, J. M. Casandjian, M. Ceccanti, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, C. C. Cheung, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, I. Cognard, J. Cohen-Tanugi, L. R. Cominsky, J. Conrad, R. Corbet, L. Corucci, S. Cutini, D. S. Davis, M. DeKlotz, C. D. Dermer, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, S. W. Digel, M. Dormody, E. do Couto e Silva, P. S. Drell, R. Dubois, D. Dumora, C. Espinoza, C. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, D. L. Flath, P. Fleury, W. B. Focke, M. Frailis, P. C. C. Friere, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Gehrels, S. Germani, R. Giannitrapani, B. Giebels, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, E. V. Gotthelf, I. A. Grenier, M.-H. Grondin, J. E. Grove, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, G. Haller, A. K. Harding, P. A. Hart, R. C. Hartman, E. Hays, G. Hobbs, R. E. Hughes, G. Jóhannesson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Johnson, S. Johnston, T. Kamae, G. Kanbach, V. M. Kaspi, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, A. Kavelaars, N. Kawai, H. Kelly, M. Kerr, B. Kiziltan, W. Klamra, J. Knödlseder, M. Kramer, F. Kuehn, M. Kuss, J. Lande, D. Landriu, L. Latronico, B. Lee, S.-H. Lee, M. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Livingstone, F. Longo, F. Loparco, B. Lott, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, A. G. Lyne, G. M. Madejski, A. Makeev, R. N. Manchester, B. Marangelli, M. Marelli, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, S. McGlynn, M. A. McLaughlin, N. Menon, C. Meurer, P. F. Michelson, T. Mineo, N. Mirizzi, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, M. Mongelli, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, E. Moretti, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, T. Nakamori, P. L. Nolan, A. Noutsos, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, M. Ozaki, A. Paccagnella, D. Paneque, J. H. Panetta, D. Parent, M. Pearce, M. Pepe, M. Perchiazzi, M. Pesce-Rollins, L. Pieri, M. Pinchera, F. Piron, T. A. Porter, S. Rainò, R. Rando, S. M. Ransom, E. Rapposelli, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, T. Reposeur, L. C. Reyes, S. Ritz, L. S. Rochester, A. Y. Rodriguez, R. W. Romani, M. Roth, F. Ryde, A. Sacchetti, H. F.-W. Sadrozinski, N. Saggini, D. Sanchez, A. Sander, P. M. Saz Parkinson, K. N. Segal, A. Sellerholm, C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, D. A. Smith, P. D. Smith, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, M. Stamatikos, J.-L. Starck, F. W. Stecker, T. E. Stephens, M. S. Strickman, A. W. Strong, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, T. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, A. Tenze, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, G. Theureau, D. J. Thompson, S. E. Thorsett, L. Tibaldo, O. Tibolla, D. F. Torres, A. Tramacere, M. Turri, T. L. Usher, L. Vigiani, N. Vilchez, V. Vitale, A. P. Waite, P. Wang, K. Watters, P. Weltevrede, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, T. Ylinen, M. Ziegler, Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Atwood, W. B., Bagagli, R., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Band, D. L., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bartelt, J., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellardi, F., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bisello, D., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bogart, J. R., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Camilo, F., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Ceccanti, M., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cognard, I., Cohen Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Corbet, R., Corucci, L., Cutini, S., Davis, D. S., Deklotz, M., Dermer, C. D., Angelis, A. d., Palma, F. d., Digel, S. W., Dormody, M., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Espinoza, C., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Flath, D. L., Fleury, P., Focke, W. B., Frailis, M., Friere, P. C. C., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giannitrapani, R., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Gotthelf, E. V., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Haller, G., Harding, A. K., Hart, P. A., Hartman, R. C., Hays, E., Hobbs, G., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Johnston, S., Kamae, T., Kanbach, G., Kaspi, V. M., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kavelaars, A., Kawai, N., Kelly, H., Kerr, M., Kiziltan, B., Klamra, W., Knodlseder, J., Kramer, M., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Landriu, D., Latronico, L., Lee, B., Lee, S. H., Lemoine Goumard, M., Livingstone, M., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Lyne, A. G., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Manchester, R. N., Marangelli, B., Marelli, M., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcenery, J. E., Mcglynn, S., Mclaughlin, M. A., Menon, N., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mineo, T., Mirizzi, N., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Mongelli, M., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Noutsos, A., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paccagnella, A., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pearce, M., Pepe, M., Perchiazzi, M., Pesce Rollins, M., Pieri, L., Pinchera, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Ransom, S. M., Rapposelli, E., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Reyes, L. C., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sacchetti, A., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Saggini, N., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Segal, K. N., Sellerholm, A., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Stamatikos, M., Starck, J. L., Stecker, F. W., Stephens, T. E., Strickman, M. S., Strong, A. W., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Tenze, A., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Theureau, G., Thompson, D. J., Thorsett, S. E., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tramacere, A., Turri, M., Usher, T. L., Vigiani, L., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Watters, K., Weltevrede, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., and Ziegler, M.
Subjects: Photon, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Magnetosphere, Fermi satellite, Astrophysics, Gamma rays: observations, pulsars: individual (PSR B0833-45), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Vela, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Pulsars, media_common, Physics, Nebula, Astronomy and Astrophysics, pulsars: individual: PSR B0833-45, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, gamma rays: observations, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: 著者人数：235名, Accepted: 2009-02-09, 資料番号: SA1000979000
Published: 2009

32. Fermi Discovery of Gamma-Ray Emission from NGC 1275

Author: A. A. Abdo, M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, K. Asano, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, B. M. Baughman, K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, J. Bregeon, A. Brez, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, T. H. Burnett, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, P. A. Caraveo, J. M. Casandjian, E. Cavazzuti, C. Cecchi, A. Celotti, A. Chekhtman, C. C. Cheung, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, S. Colafrancesco, L. R. Cominsky, J. Conrad, L. Costamante, C. D. Dermer, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, S. W. Digel, D. Donato, E. do Couto e Silva, P. S. Drell, R. Dubois, D. Dumora, C. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, J. Finke, W. B. Focke, M. Frailis, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, M. Georganopoulos, S. Germani, B. Giebels, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, T. Glanzman, I. A. Grenier, M.-H. Grondin, J. E. Grove, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, Y. Hanabata, A. K. Harding, R. C. Hartman, M. Hayashida, E. Hays, R. E. Hughes, G. Jóhannesson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, W. N. Johnson, M. Kadler, T. Kamae, Y. Kanai, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, N. Kawai, M. Kerr, J. Knödlseder, F. Kuehn, M. Kuss, L. Latronico, M. Lemoine-Goumard, F. Longo, F. Loparco, B. Lott, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, G. M. Madejski, A. Makeev, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, C. Meurer, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, T. Nakamori, P. L. Nolan, J. P. Norris, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, D. Paneque, J. H. Panetta, D. Parent, M. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, T. A. Porter, S. Rainò, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, T. Reposeur, S. Ritz, A. Y. Rodriguez, R. W. Romani, F. Ryde, H. F.-W. Sadrozinski, R. Sambruna, D. Sanchez, A. Sander, R. Sato, P. M. Saz Parkinson, C. Sgrò, D. A. Smith, P. D. Smith, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, J.-L. Starck, M. S. Strickman, A. W. Strong, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, T. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, G. B. Taylor, J. G. Thayer, D. J. Thompson, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, Y. Uchiyama, T. L. Usher, N. Vilchez, V. Vitale, A. P. Waite, K. S. Wood, T. Ylinen, M. Ziegler, H. D. Aller, M. F. Aller, K. I. Kellermann, Y. Y. Kovalev, Yu. A. Kovalev, M. L. Lister, A. B. Pushkarev, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules (LPTA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fermi-LAT, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Asano, K., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celotti, A., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen Tanugi, J., Colafrancesco, S., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Costamante, L., Dermer, C. D., Angelis, A. d., Palma, F. d., Digel, S. W., Donato, D., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Finke, J., Focke, W. B., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Georganopoulos, M., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hartman, R. C., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, W. N., Kadler, M., Kamae, T., Kanai, Y., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Latronico, L., Lemoine Goumard, M., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcenery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pepe, M., Pesce Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sambruna, R., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Sato, R., Parkinson, P. M. S., Sgro, C., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Starck, J. L., Strickman, M. S., Strong, A. W., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Taylor, G. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Aller, H. D., Aller, M. F., Kellermann, K. I., Kovalev, Y. Y., Kovalev, Y. A., Lister, M. L., and Pushkarev, A. B.
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Point source, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Fermi satellite, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Gamma rays: observations, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, law.invention, Telescope, Galaxies: individual (NGC 1275), Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Galaxies: active, Galaxies: jets, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma ray, Center (category theory), galaxies: active, galaxies: individual: NGC 1275, galaxies: jets, gamma rays: observations, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Elliptical galaxy, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: 著者人数：170名, Accepted: 2009-04-20, 資料番号: SA1000972000
Published: 2009

33. Fermi/large area telescope discovery of gamma-ray emission from a relativistic jet in the narrow-line quasar pmn j0948+0022

Author: A. A. Abdo, M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Axelsson, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, M. Battelino, B. M. Baughman, K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, E. D. Bloom, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, J. Bregeon, A. Brez, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, P. A. Caraveo, J. M. Casandjian, E. Cavazzuti, C. Cecchi, A. Chekhtman, C. C. Cheung, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen Tanugi, W. Collmar, J. Conrad, L. Costamante, C. D. Dermer, A. d. Angelis, F. d. Palma, S. W. Digel, E. D. E. Silva, P. S. Drell, R. Dubois, D. Dumora, C. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, W. B. Focke, L. Foschini, M. Frailis, L. Fuhrmann, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, N. Gehrels, S. Germani, B. Giebels, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, I. A. Grenier, M. H. Grondin, J. E. Grove, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, Y. Hanabata, A. K. Harding, R. C. Hartman, M. Hayashida, E. Hays, R. E. Hughes, G. Johannesson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, W. N. Johnson, T. Kamae, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, M. Kerr, J. Knodlseder, F. Kuehn, M. Kuss, J. Lande, L. Latronico, M. Lemoine Goumard, F. Loparco, B. Lott, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, G. M. Madejski, A. Makeev, W. Max Moerbeck, M. N. Mazziotta, W. McConville, J. E. McEnery, C. Meurer, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, P. L. Nolan, J. P. Norris, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, D. Paneque, J. H. Panetta, D. Parent, V. Pavlidou, T. J. Pearson, M. Pepe, M. Pesce Rollins, F. Piron, T. A. Porter, S. Raino, R. Rando, M. Razzano, A. Readhead, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, T. Reposeur, J. L. Richards, S. Ritz, A. Y. Rodriguez, R. W. Romani, F. Ryde, H. F. W. Sadrozinski, R. Sambruna, D. Sanchez, A. Sander, P. M. S. Parkinson, J. D. Scargle, T. L. Schalk, C. Sgro, D. A. Smith, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, J. L. Starck, M. Stevenson, M. S. Strickman, D. J. Suson, G. Tagliaferri, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, J. G. Thayer, D. J. Thompson, L. Tibaldo, O. Tibolla, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, A. Tramacere, Y. Uchiyama, T. L. Usher, N. Vilchez, V. Vitale, A. P. Waite, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, T. Ylinen, J. A. Zensus, M. Ziegler, G. Ghisellini, L. Maraschi, F. Tavecchio, E. Angelakis, LONGO, FRANCESCO, Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Battelino, M., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen Tanugi, J., Collmar, W., Conrad, J., Costamante, L., Dermer, C. D., Angelis, A. d., Palma, F. d., Digel, S. W., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Focke, W. B., Foschini, L., Frailis, M., Fuhrmann, L., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hartman, R. C., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine Goumard, M., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Max Moerbeck, W., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcconville, W., Mcenery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pavlidou, V., Pearson, T. J., Pepe, M., Pesce Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Readhead, A., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Richards, J. L., Ritz, S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sambruna, R., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Schalk, T. L., Sgro, C., Smith, D. A., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Starck, J. L., Stevenson, M., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tagliaferri, G., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Zensus, J. A., Ziegler, M., Ghisellini, G., Maraschi, L., Tavecchio, F., and Angelakis, E.
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Continuum (design consultancy), Fermi satellite, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Gamma rays: observations, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, law.invention, Telescope, Spitzer Space Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, Galaxies: active, Blazar, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Quasars, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Active Galactic Nuclei, Black hole, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Spectral energy distribution, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: We report the discovery by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope of high-energy. gamma-ray emission from the peculiar quasar PMN J0948+0022 (z = 0.5846). The optical spectrum of this object exhibits rather narrow H beta (FWHM(H beta) similar to 1500 km s(-1)), weak forbidden lines, and is therefore classified as a narrow-line type I quasar. This class of objects is thought to have relatively small black hole mass and to accrete at a high Eddington ratio. The radio loudness and variability of the compact radio core indicate the presence of a relativistic jet. Quasi-simultaneous radio/optical/X-ray and gamma-ray observations are presented. Both radio and gamma-ray emissions (observed over five months) are strongly variable. The simultaneous optical and X-ray data from Swift show a blue continuum attributed to the accretion disk and a hard X-ray spectrum attributed to the jet. The resulting broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) and, in particular, the gamma-ray spectrum measured by Fermi are similar to those of more powerful Flat-Spectrum Radio Quasars (FSRQs). A comparison of the radio and gamma-ray characteristics of PMN J0948+0022 with the other blazars detected by LAT shows that this source has a relatively low radio and gamma-ray power with respect to other FSRQs. The physical parameters obtained from modeling the SED also fall at the low power end of the FSRQ parameter region discussed in Celotti & Ghisellini. We suggest that the similarity of the SED of PMN J0948+0022 to that of more massive and more powerful quasars can be understood in a scenario in which the SED properties depend on the Eddington ratio rather than on the absolute power.
Published: 2009

34. Early Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope Observations of the Quasar 3C 454.3

Author: A. A. Abdo, M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, W. B. Atwood, M. Axelsson, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, M. Battelino, B. M. Baughman, K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, A. Bouvier, J. Bregeon, A. Brez, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, T. H. Burnett, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, P. A. Caraveo, J. M. Casandjian, E. Cavazzuti, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, S. Chaty, A. Chekhtman, C. C. Cheung, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, L. R. Cominsky, J. Conrad, L. Costamante, S. Cutini, C. D. Dermer, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, S. W. Digel, E. do Couto e Silva, D. Donato, P. S. Drell, R. Dubois, D. Dumora, C. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, W. B. Focke, L. Foschini, M. Frailis, L. Fuhrmann, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Gehrels, S. Germani, B. Giebels, N. Giglietto, P. Giommi, F. Giordano, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, I. A. Grenier, M.-H. Grondin, J. E. Grove, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, Y. Hanabata, A. K. Harding, R. C. Hartman, M. Hayashida, E. Hays, R. E. Hughes, G. Jóhannesson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, W. N. Johnson, T. Kamae, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, N. Kawai, M. Kerr, J. Knödlseder, M. L. Kocian, F. Kuehn, M. Kuss, L. Latronico, S.-H. Lee, M. Lemoine-Goumard, F. Longo, F. Loparco, B. Lott, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, G. M. Madejski, A. Makeev, E. Massaro, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, S. McGlynn, C. Meurer, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, P. L. Nolan, J. P. Norris, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, D. Paneque, J. H. Panetta, D. Parent, V. Pelassa, M. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, T. A. Porter, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, T. Reposeur, L. C. Reyes, S. Ritz, L. S. Rochester, A. Y. Rodriguez, F. Rahoui, F. Ryde, H. F.-W. Sadrozinski, R. Sambruna, D. Sanchez, A. Sander, P. M. Saz Parkinson, C. Sgrò, M. S. Shaw, D. A. Smith, P. D. Smith, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, J.-L. Starck, M. S. Strickman, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, T. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, D. J. Thompson, L. Tibaldo, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, A. Tramacere, Y. Uchiyama, T. L. Usher, N. Vilchez, M. Villata, V. Vitale, A. P. Waite, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, T. Ylinen, J. A. Zensus, M. Ziegler, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules (LPTA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fermi-LAT, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Battelino, M., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chaty, S., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Costamante, L., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., Angelis, A. d., Palma, F. d., Digel, S. W., Silva, E. D. E., Donato, D., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Focke, W. B., Foschini, L., Frailis, M., Fuhrmann, L., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hartman, R. C., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Latronico, L., Lee, S. H., Lemoine Goumard, M., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Massaro, E., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcenery, J. E., Mcglynn, S., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Reyes, L. C., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Rahoui, F., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sambruna, R., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Starck, J. L., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vilchez, N., Villata, M., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Zensus, J. A., and Ziegler, M.
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Fermi satellite, Active Galactic Nuclei, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, galaxies: active, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, law.invention, Telescope, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Relativistic beaming, quasars: individual: 3C 454.3, Spitzer Space Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, Blazar, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Galaxies: active, Gamma rays: observations, Quasars: individual, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Pair production, Space and Planetary Science, gamma rays: observations, quasars: individual, quasars: individual (3c 454.3), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: 著者人数：181名, Accepted: 2009-04-27, 資料番号: SA1000973000
Published: 2009

35. The Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope Discovers the Pulsar in the Young Galactic Supernova Remnant CTA 1

Author: M. N. Mazziotta, M. L. Kocian, T. H. Burnett, M. Ziegler, R. Rando, Jean Ballet, Sinéad McGlynn, Stefano Ciprini, C. Farnier, Diego F. Torres, C. C. Cheung, T. Reposeur, P. Fusco, Luca Baldini, Paul J. Wang, David Sánchez, Hideaki Katagiri, Elliott D. Bloom, Sylvain Guiriec, Brian L Winer, Andrea Tramacere, Y. Kanai, Stefan Funk, T. Kishishita, A. A. Moiseev, F. Longo, Roger W. Romani, Carmelo Sgrò, Jan Conrad, Steven Ritz, Pascal Bruel, E. Nuss, Gino Tosti, R. E. Hughes, David Paneque, M. Kuss, D. Parent, F. Loparco, H. Tajima, E. Do Couto E Silva, R. C. Hartman, Peter F. Michelson, F. Kuehn, Keith Bechtol, M. Ozaki, D. J. Thompson, P. D. Smith, Richard Dubois, T. A. Porter, J.H. Panetta, Melissa Pesce-Rollins, F. de Palma, J. G. Thayer, Hartmut Sadrozinski, David Smith, A. Sellerholm, T. Schalk, P. Lubrano, A. Sander, Teresa Mineo, Nicola Omodei, M. Razzano, L.S. Rochester, T. L. Usher, S. Rainò, P. Carlson, Tsunefumi Mizuno, M.-H. Grondin, Hajimu Yasuda, Hiromitsu Takahashi, E. Hays, G.L. Godfrey, Markus Roth, G. Bogaert, Tadayuki Takahashi, Paul S. Ray, B. M. Baughman, Stephen E. Thorsett, F. Gargano, L. Pieri, Emanuele Bonamente, J. E. Grove, Yasushi Fukazawa, A. A. Abdo, E. Orlando, E. Charles, Karen Watters, M. Dormody, E. J. Siskind, G. Piano, D. Dumora, Takaaki Tanaka, W. N. Johnson, A. De Angelis, Randall P. Johnson, Matthew Kerr, T. Ylinen, J. B. Thayer, P. L. Nolan, N. Gehrels, A. Reimer, W. B. Focke, N. Komin, B. Berenji, A. Chekhtman, N. Vilchez, Markus Ackermann, Luca Latronico, S. Germani, Claudia Cecchi, P. Spinelli, Y. Edmonds, Francesco Giordano, Ronaldo Bellazzini, D. J. Suson, L. R. Cominsky, A. Van Etten, Igor V. Moskalenko, J. F. Ormes, Jean-Luc Starck, Olaf Reimer, R. A. Cameron, A. Morselli, V. Pelassa, V. Vitale, Charles D. Dermer, J. Bregeon, Julie McEnery, A. W. Borgland, C. Meurer, C. Monte, A. S. Johnson, S. Cutini, M. Pepe, James Chiang, Roger Blandford, M. Marelli, Bulent Kiziltan, Matthew G. Baring, N. Kawai, A. Makeev, M. E. Monzani, Takeshi Nakamori, J. M. Casandjian, T. Ohsugi, S. W. Digel, T. J. Johnson, T. Glanzman, Denis Bastieri, Gudlaugur Johannesson, Felix Ryde, G. A. Caliandro, Guido Barbiellini, P. M. Saz Parkinson, V. Lonjou, A. Brez, Jürgen Knödlseder, R. Claus, W. Mitthumsiri, Gottfried Kanbach, Dario Gasparrini, B. Giebels, B. Lott, F. Piron, T. Kamae, N. Giglietto, S. Murgia, Masanori Ohno, L. Tibaldo, Alice K. Harding, W. B. Atwood, D. Davis, M. N. Lovellette, P. A. Caraveo, Persis S. Drell, Kent S. Wood, M. Brigida, A. Y. Rodriguez, L. Guillemot, I. A. Grenier, Atsushi Okumura, Gloria Spandre, Johann Cohen-Tanugi, M. S. Strickman, M. Lemoine-Goumard, Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Atwood, W. B., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bogaert, G., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Carlson, P., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., Davis, D. S., Dermer, C. D., Angelis, A. d., Palma, F. d., Digel, S. W., Dormody, M., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Edmonds, Y., Farnier, C., Focke, W. B., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Harding, A. K., Hartman, R. C., Hays, E., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Kanai, Y., Kanbach, G., Katagiri, H., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Kishishita, T., Kiziltan, B., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Komin, N., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Latronico, L., Lemoine Goumard, M., Longo, Francesco, Lonjou, V., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Makeev, A., Marelli, M., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcenery, J. E., Mcglynn, S., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mineo, T., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Nuss, E., Ohno, M., Ohsugi, T., Okumura, A., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce Rollins, M., Piano, G., Pieri, L., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Ray, P. S., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Schalk, T. L., Sellerholm, A., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Starck, J. L., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Thorsett, S. E., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Usher, T. L., Etten, A. V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Wang, P., Watters, K., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Yasuda, H., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Département d'Astrophysique (ex SAP) (DAP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules (LPTA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata [Roma], Centre d'études scientifiques et techniques d'Aquitaine (CESTA), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Fermi satellite, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Spitzer Space Telescope, Pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Supernova remnant, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Nebula, Multidisciplinary, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Gamma ray, Astronomy, Stars, Supernova, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: Energetic young pulsars and expanding blast waves (supernova remnants, SNRs) are the most visible remains after massive stars, ending their lives, explode in core-collapse supernovae. The Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope has unveiled a radio quiet pulsar located near the center of the compact synchrotron nebula inside the supernova remnant CTA 1. The pulsar, discovered through its gamma-ray pulsations, has a period of 316.86 ms, a period derivative of 3.614 x 10-13 s s-1 . Its characteristic age of 104 years is comparable to that estimated for the SNR. It is conjectured that most unidentified Galactic gamma ray sources associated with star-forming regions and SNRs are such young pulsars., 18 pages, 3 figures + supplemental material, published in Science Express, October 16, 2008, Contact authors: G. Kanbach, K. Wood, M. Ziegler
Published: 2008

36. GALACTIC VARIABLE SKY WITH EGRET AND GLAST

Author: S. W. Digel
Subjects: Physics, biology, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Milky Way, media_common.quotation_subject, Gamma ray, Astronomy, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, biology.organism_classification, Luminosity, Variable (computer science), Sky, Egret, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common
Abstract: The characteristics of the largely-unidentified Galactic sources of gamma rays that were detected by EGRET are reviewed. Proposed source populations that may have the correct spatial, spectral, luminosity, and variability properties to be the origins of the EGRET sources are also presented. Finally, the prospects for studying Galactic gamma-ray sources with the GLAST LAT are reviewed.
Published: 2007

37. Three new galactic CO surveys

Author: S. W. Digel, D. Puche, Patrick Thaddeus, and Thomas M. Dame
Subjects: Physics, Star formation, Molecular cloud, Galactic Center, Astronomy, Galactic plane
Published: 2007

38. GLAST large area telescope multiwavelength planning

Author: O. Reimer, P. F. Michelson, R. A. Cameron, S. W. Digel, D. J. Thompson, and K. S. Wood
Published: 2007

39. GLAST Large Area Telescope Multiwavelength Planning

Author: S. W. Digel, Peter F. Michelson, D. J. Thompson, Olaf Reimer, R. A. Cameron, and Kent S. Wood
Subjects: Physics, Molecular cloud, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Redshift, law.invention, Telescope, Spitzer Space Telescope, Pulsar, Space and Planetary Science, Observatory, law, Blazar, Gamma-ray burst, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: Gamma-ray astrophysics depends in many ways on multiwavelength studies. The Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope (GLAST) Large Area Telescope (LAT) Collaboration has started multiwavelength planning well before the scheduled 2007 launch of the observatory. Some of the high-priority multiwavelength needs include: (1) availability of contemporaneous radio and X-ray timing of pulsars; (2) expansion of blazar catalogs, including redshift measurements; (3) improved observations of molecular clouds, especially at high galactic latitudes; (4) simultaneous broad-band blazar monitoring; (5) characterization of gamma-ray transients, including gamma ray bursts; (6) radio, optical, X-ray and TeV counterpart searches for reliable and effective sources identification and characterization. Several of these activities are needed to be in place before launch., Comments: 4 pages, Accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science, Proc. of "The Multi-Messenger Approach to High-Energy Gamma-ray Sources (Third Workshop on the Nature of Unidentified High-Energy Sources)", Barcelona, July 4-7, 2006
Published: 2006

40. The Origin of Cosmic Rays and the Diffuse Galactic Gamma-Ray Emission

Author: Igor V. Moskalenko, Stanley D. Hunter, Jonathan F. Ormes, Martin Pohl, and S. W. Digel
Subjects: Physics, Photon, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Gamma ray, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Current (fluid), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: Cosmic-ray interactions with interstellar gas and photons produce diffuse gamma-ray emission. In this talk we will review the current understanding of this diffuse emission and its relationship to the problem of the origin of cosmic rays. We will discuss the open issues and what progress might be possible with GLAST, which is planned for launch in 2006., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures. Invited talk at the "Gamma 2001" Symp., April 4-6, 2001, Baltimore, MD. AIP Conf. Proc. v.587, eds. S. Ritz, N. Gehrels, & C. R. Shrader, in press
Published: 2001
Full Text: View/download PDF

41. Diffuse Sources of High-Energy Gamma Rays in The Milky Way

Author: S. W. Digel
Subjects: Physics, biology, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Milky Way, Dark matter, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, biology.organism_classification, Magnetar, Interstellar medium, Spitzer Space Telescope, Egret, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: Cosmic-ray interactions with interstellar gas and low-energy photons make the Milky Way galaxy a gamma-ray source that spans the whole sky. The low instrumental background, large effective area, good angular resolution, and long mission life of the Energetic Gamma-Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory provided the first opportunity for comprehensive study of this diffuse gamma-ray emission. I will discuss what has been learned from EGRET about the cosmic rays and interstellar gas in the Milky Way, including the apparent excess of GeV emission from the interstellar medium, the potential Galactic halo at GeV energies, and the implications of EGRET observations for the nature of dark matter in the Milky Way. For many gamma-ray astronomers, the emission of the Milky Way is primarily a background to be removed in the study of point sources. I will illustrate the potential for diffuse emission to confuse or contaminate the EGRET source catalogs, and conclude with the prospects for advances with the Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope (GLAST).
Published: 2001

42. EGRET observations of diffuse gamma-ray emission in taurus and perseus

Author: S. W. Digel and Isabelle Grenier
Subjects: Physics, biology, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Molecular cloud, media_common.quotation_subject, Gamma ray, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Gamma-ray astronomy, biology.organism_classification, law.invention, Telescope, law, Sky, Egret, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Infrared cirrus, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common
Abstract: We present an analysis of the interstellar gamma-ray emission observed toward the extensive molecular cloud complexes in Taurus and Perseus by the Energetic Gamma-Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET). The region’s large size (more than 300 square degrees) and location below the plane in the anticenter are advantageous for straightforward interpretation of the interstellar emission. The complex of clouds in Taurus has a distance of ∼140 pc and is near the center of the Gould Belt. The complex in Perseus, adjacent to Taurus on the sky, is near the rim of the Belt at a distance of ∼300 pc. The findings for the cosmic-ray density and the molecular mass-calibrating ratio N(H2)/WCO in Taurus and Perseus are compared with results for other nearby cloud complexes resolved by EGRET. The local clouds that now have been studied in gamma rays can be used to trace the distribution of high-energy cosmic rays within 1 kpc of the sun.
Published: 2001

43. What can GLAST say about the origin of cosmic rays in other galaxies?

Author: P. Sreekumar, Igor V. Moskalenko, R. Williamson, S. W. Digel, and Jonathan F. Ormes
Subjects: Physics, Spiral galaxy, Star formation, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Milky Way, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Galaxy, Andromeda, Spitzer Space Telescope, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Irregular galaxy, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: Gamma rays in the band from 20 MeV to 300 GeV, used in combination with data from radio and X-ray bands, provide a powerful tool for studying the origin of cosmic rays in our sister galaxies Andromeda and the Magellanic Clouds. Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope (GLAST) will spatially resolve these galaxies and measure the spectrum and intensity of diffuse gamma radiation from the collisions of cosmic rays with gas and dust in them. Observations of Andromeda will give an external perspective on a spiral galaxy like the Milky Way. Observations of the Magellanic Clouds will permit a study of cosmic rays in dwarf irregular galaxies, where the confinement is certainly different and the massive star formation rate is much greater., Comment: 4 pages including 6 figures; to appear in Proc. ACE-2000 Symp. "The Acceleration and Transport of Energetic Particles Observed in the Heliosphere" (Jan. 5-8, 2000, Indian Wells, CA), AIP Conf. Proc. More details can be found at the LHEA GLAST page at http://lhea-glast.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/science/index.html
Published: 2000

44. Tracing the Interstellar Medium in Ophiuchus Across 14 Orders of Magnitude in Frequency

Author: S. D. Hunter, S. W. Digel, and S. L. Snowden
Subjects: Physics, Star formation, media_common.quotation_subject, Interstellar cloud, Astronomy, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Orders of magnitude (angular velocity), Interstellar medium, Sky, Angular diameter, Ophiuchus, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common
Abstract: The spectral range of ground and space-based observations has expanded rapidly in recent years. Essentially complete sky coverage is available in bands spanning more than 14 orders of magnitude in frequency, with varying sensitivities and resolutions. Remarkably, extended emission (and absorption) associated with the interstellar medium can be seen across this range. This poster illustrated the range of information now at hand for just a single interstellar cloud complex, that in Ophiuchus. This complex, well known for its abundant on-going star formation, is relatively nearby (~125 pc), and well removed from the plane, offering the advantages of large angular size and little confusion in most bands from background Galactic emission.
Published: 1997

45. Diffuse high-energy gamma-ray emission in Monoceros

Author: Patrick Thaddeus, S. W. Digel, I. A. Grenier, Stanley D. Hunter, and Thomas M. Dame
Subjects: Interstellar medium, Physics, Molecular cloud, Interstellar cloud, Emissivity, Perseus Arm, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Gamma-ray burst, Galaxy
Abstract: We present a study of the diffuse gamma-ray emission observed by EGRET toward Monoceros in the outer Galaxy. The region studied, l=210–250°, b=−15−+20°, includes the molecular clouds associated with Mon R2 and Maddalena’s cloud as well as more distant clouds in the Perseus arm. This is the sector of the third quadrant best suited for study of variations of the gamma-ray emissivity and molecular cloud mass calibration in the outer Galaxy. The molecular mass calibrating ratio in Monoceros is found to be N(H2)/WCO=(1.56±0.29)×1020 cm−2 (K km s−1)−1 and the integral gamma-ray emissivity is Q(E>100 MeV)=(1.92±0.14)×10−26 H-atom−1 s−1 sr−1. The emissivity profile across the outer Galaxy is found to have a minimum between the local interstellar clouds and those in the Perseus arm.
Published: 1997

46. Molecular Clouds Observed with the Egret Gamma-Ray Telescope

Author: Stanley D. Hunter, Patrick Thaddeus, Eugéne J. De Geus, Gottfried Kanbach, S. W. Digel, Reshmi Mukherjee, Isabelle Grenier, and Andreas Heithausen
Subjects: Physics, biology, Scattering, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Molecular cloud, Bremsstrahlung, Astronomy, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, biology.organism_classification, law.invention, Telescope, Interstellar medium, Observatory, law, Egret, Nuclear Experiment, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: EGRET, the high-energy γ-ray telescope on the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory, has the sensitivity, angular resolution, and background rejection necessary to study diffuse γ-ray emission from the interstellar medium (ISM). High-energy γ rays produced in cosmic-ray (CR) interactions in the ISM can be used to determine the CR density and calibrate the CO line as a tracer of molecular mass. Dominant production mechanisms for γ rays of energies ∼30 MeV-30 GeV are the decay of pions produced in collisions of CR protons with ambient matter and Bremsstrahlung scattering of CR electrons.
Published: 1997

47. Multiwavelength Milky Way: An Educational Poster

Author: S. Geitz, D. Leisawitz, and S. W. Digel
Subjects: Physics, Infrared, Electromagnetic spectrum, Milky Way, Broadband, ROSAT, Astronomy, Digitized Sky Survey, Astrophysics, Galaxy, Line (formation)
Abstract: The Astrophysics Data Facility at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center supports the processing, management, and dissemination of data obtained by past, current, and future NASA and international astrophysics missions, and promotes the effective use of those data by the astrophysics community, educators, and the public. Our Multiwavelength Milky Way poster was printed for broad distribution. It depicts the Galaxy at radio, infrared, optical, X-ray, and gamma-ray wavelengths. In particular, the poster contains images of the Galactic 21-cm and CO (J = 1 → 0) line emission, and IRAS 12, 60, and 100 μm, COBE/DIRBE 1.25, 2.2, and 3.5 μm, Digitized Sky Survey optical wavelength, ROSAT/PSPC 0.25, 0.75, and 1.5 keV X-ray, and CGRO/EGRET E > 100 MeV gamma ray broadband emission. All of the data sets are publicly available. Captions describe the Milky Way and what can be learned about the Galaxy from measurements made in each segment of the electromagnetic spectrum. The poster is intended to be an educational tool, one that will stimulate heightened awareness by laypersons of NASA’s contribution to modern astronomy.
Published: 1997

48. Molecular gas and star formation beyond the optical disk of the galaxy

Author: S. W. Digel and E. J. De Geus
Subjects: Physics, Debris disk, Star formation, Intergalactic star, Molecular cloud, Protogalaxy, Astronomy, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Thin disk, Thick disk, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Protostar, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: We report the detection of a number of molecular clouds beyound the optical disk of the Galaxy. The two most distant of these objects were found to have kinetic temperatures similar to star-forming molecular clouds in the Solar neighborhood. Hα emission was detected from the most distant cloud (RGC=28 kpc) and a B 0.5 I star identified as the most likely source of ionization. The photometric distance to the star corroborates the location of the molecular and ionized gas beyond the optical disk.
Published: 1995

49. FERMIDETECTION OF γ-RAY EMISSION FROM THE M2 SOFT X-RAY FLARE ON 2010 JUNE 12

Author: M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. Allafort, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, P. N. Bhat, R. D. Blandford, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, J. Bregeon, M. S. Briggs, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, J. M. Burgess, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, J. M. Casandjian, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, V. Connaughton, J. Conrad, S. Cutini, B. R. Dennis, F. de Palma, C. D. Dermer, S. W. Digel, E. do Couto e Silva, P. S. Drell, A. Drlica-Wagner, R. Dubois, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, E. C. Ferrara, P. Fortin, Y. Fukazawa, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, S. Germani, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, L. Grillo, J. E. Grove, D. Gruber, S. Guiriec, D. Hadasch, M. Hayashida, E. Hays, D. Horan, G. Iafrate, G. Jóhannesson, A. S. Johnson, W. N. Johnson, T. Kamae, R. M. Kippen, J. Knödlseder, M. Kuss, J. Lande, L. Latronico, F. Longo, F. Loparco, B. Lott, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, C. Meegan, J. Mehault, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, R. Murphy, M. Naumann-Godo, E. Nuss, T. Nymark, M. Ohno, T. Ohsugi, A. Okumura, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, W. S. Paciesas, J. H. Panetta, D. Parent, M. Pesce-Rollins, V. Petrosian, M. Pierbattista, F. Piron, G. Pivato, H. Poon, T. A. Porter, R. Preece, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, S. Razzaque, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, S. Ritz, C. Sbarra, R. A Schwartz, C. Sgrò, G. H. Share, E. J. Siskind, P. Spinelli, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, Y. Tanaka, J. B. Thayer, L. Tibaldo, M. Tinivella, A. K. Tolbert, G. Tosti, E. Troja, Y. Uchiyama, T. L. Usher, J. Vandenbroucke, V. Vasileiou, G. Vianello, V. Vitale, A. von Kienlin, A. P. Waite, C. Wilson-Hodge, D. L. Wood, K. S. Wood, Z. Yang, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GLAST, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Allafort, A., Atwood, W. B., Baldini, L., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Bhat, P. N., Blandford, R. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Briggs, M. S., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Burgess, J. M., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen Tanugi, J., Connaughton, V., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., Dennis, B. R., Palma, F., Dermer, C. D., Digel, S. W., E. d. C., Drell, P. S., Drlica Wagner, A., Dubois, R., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Fortin, P., Fukazawa, Y., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Germani, S., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grillo, L., Grove, J. E., Gruber, D., Guiriec, S., Hadasch, D., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Iafrate, G., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Kippen, R. M., Kn\odlseder, J., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcenery, J. E., Meegan, C., Mehault, J., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Murphy, R., Naumann Godo, M., Nuss, E., Nymark, T., Ohno, M., Ohsugi, T., Okumura, A., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Paciesas, W. S., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pesce Rollins, M., Petrosian, V., Pierbattista, M., Piron, F., Pivato, G., Poon, H., Porter, T. A., Preece, R., Rain\`o, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Ritz, S., Sbarra, C., Schwartz, R. A., Sgr\`o, C., Share, G. H., Siskind, E. J., Spinelli, P., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Tanaka, Y., Thayer, J. B., Tibaldo, L., Tinivella, M., Tolbert, A. K., Tosti, G., Troja, E., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vandenbroucke, J., Vasileiou, V., Vianello, G., Vitale, V., Kienlin, A., Waite, A. P., Wilson Hodge, C., Wood, D. L., Wood, K. S., Yang, Z., and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)
Subjects: Sun: flares, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, particle emission [Sun], Electron, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Fluence, flare [Sun], law.invention, law, Sun: particle emission, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, acceleration of particle, acceleration of particles, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Line (formation), Physics, Soft x ray, Solar flare, Acceleration of particles, Sun: X-rays, gamma rays, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], X-ray [Sun], Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 3. Good health, gamma rays, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520, Sun: X-rays, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, Flare
Abstract: The GOES M2-class solar flare, SOL2010-06-12T00:57, was modest in many respects yet exhibited remarkable acceleration of energetic particles. The flare produced an ~50 s impulsive burst of hard X- and \gamma-ray emission up to at least 400 MeV observed by the Fermi GBM and LAT experiments. The remarkably similar hard X-ray and high-energy \gamma-ray time profiles suggest that most of the particles were accelerated to energies >300 MeV with a delay of ~10 s from mildly relativistic electrons, but some reached these energies in as little as ~3 s. The \gamma-ray line fluence from this flare was about ten times higher than that typically observed from this modest GOES class of X-ray flare. There is no evidence for time-extended >100 MeV emission as has been found for other flares with high-energy \gamma rays., Comment: 27 pages, 7 figures. Corresponding Authors: M. S. Briggs, michael.briggs@nasa.gov; D. Gruber, dgruber@mpe.mpg.de; F. Longo, francesco.longo@trieste.infn.it; N. Omodei, nicola.omodei@gmail.com; G. H. Share, gerald.share@nrl.navy.mil
Published: 2012

50. Multiwavelength Milky Way: An Educational Poster

Author: S. W. Digel, D. Leisawitz, and S. Geitz
Subjects: Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Infrared, Electromagnetic spectrum, Milky Way, Astronomy, Digitized Sky Survey, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, 0103 physical sciences, ROSAT, Broadband, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Line (formation)
Abstract: The Astrophysics Data Facility at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center supports the processing, management, and dissemination of data obtained by past, current, and future NASA and international astrophysics missions, and promotes the effective use of those data by the astrophysics community, educators, and the public. Our Multiwavelength Milky Way poster was printed for broad distribution. It depicts the Galaxy at radio, infrared, optical, X-ray, and gamma-ray wavelengths. In particular, the poster contains images of the Galactic 21-cm and CO (J = 1 → 0) line emission, and IRAS 12, 60, and 100 μm, COBE/DIRBE 1.25, 2.2, and 3.5 μm, Digitized Sky Survey optical wavelength, ROSAT/PSPC 0.25, 0.75, and 1.5 keV X-ray, and CGRO/EGRET E > 100 MeV gamma ray broadband emission. All of the data sets are publicly available. Captions describe the Milky Way and what can be learned about the Galaxy from measurements made in each segment of the electromagnetic spectrum. The poster is intended to be an educational tool, one that will stimulate heightened awareness by laypersons of NASA's contribution to modern astronomy.Through an interface available on the World Wide Web at http://adf.gsfc.nasa.gov/adf/adf.html one may view the images that appear on the poster, read the poster captions, and locate the archived data and references.
Published: 1998

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