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Introduction A new approach of social therapy for criminal offenders was applied in Penalty Facility in Niš, Serbia. It is based on three month peer-training focusing on recognizing of triggers for anger, understanding emotional manifestation and learning socially acceptable ways of anger expression. Objectives To estimate how the impact of pear-based training influences the level of agression of criminal offenders in prison settings. Methods One hander and six prisoners were randomly assigned to program. The six previously educated inmates trained the participants through 12 work-shops. An independent professional evaluated change in aggression levels after training using Buss&Perry Aggression Scale. We compared subgroups with shorter versus longer sentences pre and post training using Student’s t test. And univariate logistic regression analysis for impacts of sociodemographic variables on aggression scores. Results We found a significant higher scores of anger (6.6 ± 4.7 & 11.8 ± 4.2, p=0,043) hostility (15.5 ± 8 & 20.1 ± 6.5, p=0,029) and total aggression (32 ± 14 & 48 ± 21, p=0,023 in subgroup with longer sentences at baseline. After training anger (12.4 ± 4.8 & 15.5 ± 5.6, p= 0,0167), physical aggression (14.6 ± 51. & 17.2 ± 5.6 ,p=0,024) and total aggression score (55.5 ± 14.1 & 68.2 ± 18, p=0,0152) remained higher in the group with sentences more than five years. Lower education level is associated with undesirable outcome-higher level of aggression after training. Conclusions Three months training was not sufficient for adopting skills for better control of aggressive behavior in criminal offenders never the less the length of the sentences. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Introduction According to immunological theories of schizophrenia prenatal and postnatal exposure to pathogens may contribute to the etiopathogenesis, suggesting that chronically activated immune system cells (macrophages and T lymphocytes) constantly secrete proinflammatory cytokines which affect the development and function of central nervous system. Objectives In the present work we aimed to evaluate IL-1β plasma levels in schizophrenic patients during their first psychotic episode and to compare the obtained results to those from healthy subjects. Methods Plasma was obtained from 32 drug-naive schizophrenic patients, without history of substance abuse or addiction, immediately after their admission to the medical ward, while the control samples were obtained from 20 healthy volunteers. Results Levels of IL-1β were measured using ELISA assay, which measures IL-1β protein in a range from 7.81 to 500 pg/ml. Results revealed that the levels of IL-1β in patients with first psychotic episode were not increased and were below the limit of detection in all studied samples. The same was found in the samples belonging to the control group. Conclusions These data contribute to the poll of knowledge and a still unresolved dogma about the etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia since the results obtained by some studies are also questioning this marker. Thus, whether or not an increase of IL-1β is congenital, acquired during the prodromal phase or absent until the time of first psychotic episode has not yet been investigated. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Introduction SARS-CoV-2 is a virus with a multisystem effect, and it can cause numerous neuropsychiatric disorders, both in the acute phase of infection and in the period after the disease has passed. According to Nalbandian et al. (2021), post-acute COVID-19 syndrome is a condition of persistent symptoms and/or delayed long-term complications caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection lasting longer than four weeks after the onset of symptoms. Objectives To indicate the possible role of the SARS-COV 2 virus in the development of long-term neuropsychiatric and cognitive consequences of COVID-19. Methods We undertook a search of the available medical literature in the period after 2020 with the keywords COVID 19 and neuropsychiatric complications Results: Case report: Female patient, 40 years old, unemployed, married, mother of two children. She was admitted for the first hospital treatment at the Psychiatry Clinic of the UCC of Niš due to psychological disturbances in the form of experiencing her own body changes and changes in the environment, moodiness, anxiety, the conviction that she is suffering from incurable diseases, the experience of being centered and existentially threatened, insomnia. In 2020, one month after the recovery from COVID-19, she was treated at the Neurology Clinic of the UCC of Niš for a crisis of consciousness, diagnosis at discharge: encephalitis, encephalopathy. At the end of the treatment, cognitive-mnestic deficits remain. In April 2021, after reinfection with the SARS-COV2 virus, a depressive-interpretive syndrome developed, which is the reason for the current hospitalization. Depersonalization and derealization phenomena, time disorientation, hypochondrial delusions, ideas of self-accusation, cenesthetic hallucinations, impaired volitional-instinctual dynamism and deficits in cognitive-mnestic functioning are observed during hospitalization. NMR of the endocranium with contrast shows changes in the form of encephalomalacia, porencephaly, which indicates a condition after a cerebrovascular insult. She was treated with low doses of haloperidol (2 mg pd), antidementia and vasoactive therapy, which led to a reduction of psychotic symptoms as well as an initial improvement in cognitive-mnestic functioning. Conclusions This case report confirms the neurotoxicity of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and it is in accordance with the available literature. The neuropsychiatric and cognitive complications that accompany COVID-19 are different and have a significant impact on the health of people who recovered from COVID-19. It is necessary for the health system to recognize this problem in time and provide organized neuropsychiatric and cognitive monitoring to patients suffering from COVID-19. Disclosure of Interest None Declared