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1. Skeletal injuries after cesarean section — a rare differential diagnosis of child abuse

Author

L. Küppers, C. Schaffer, M. Helbig, and S. Ritz-Timme

Subjects
Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Abstract

Birth-related fractures are an important differential diagnosis of child abuse in early infancy. While fractures associated to vaginal deliveries are well known, cesarean section is not necessarily known to cause such injuries. Nevertheless neonatal fractures have been described after cesarean sections. To give an overview over the frequency and typical locations of such fractures, the appearance of symptoms and the timespan until diagnosis, a literature research was conducted via Google scholar and Pubmed, using the key words “cesarean section” and “fractures”. Birth-related fractures after cesarean sections are rare but can occur, with the long bones being particularly affected. Therefore, birth injuries should always be considered in the forensic medical assessment of fractures in early infancy, even after cesarean section. To enable a differentiation between birth trauma and physical abuse, birth and operation records should be checked for surgical manoeuvres, possible difficulties during the procedure or other risk factors. Birth-related fractures are usually detected early; in rare cases, the diagnosis is made only weeks after birth.

Published
2023

4. Arbeitsbelastung und Arbeitszufriedenheit rechtsmedizinisch tätiger Ärztinnen und Ärzte

Author

A. Heger and S. Ritz-Timme

Subjects
Gynecology, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, 0302 clinical medicine, Political science, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Abstract

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund und Ziele Das Fach Rechtsmedizin unterscheidet sich strukturell und inhaltlich sehr von anderen medizinischen Disziplinen. Da zu Arbeitsbelastung und Berufszufriedenheit der Rechtsmediziner*innen im deutschsprachigen Raum bislang wenig bekannt ist, wurden diese Aspekte über eine Online-Befragung untersucht. Material und Methoden Der Fragebogen wurde im September 2019 online an 436 rechtsmedizinisch tätige Ärzt*innen verschickt. Er enthielt je nach Antwortverhalten der Teilnehmer bis zu 53 Fragen zu den Themen Arbeitsbelastung und -zufriedenheit, Weiterbildung, Karriere, Forschung, Beruf vs. Privatleben und Generationenwandel. Die psychosoziale Arbeitsbelastung wurde anhand des Modells der beruflichen Gratifikationskrisen überprüft. Ergebnisse Von 199 bearbeiteten Fragebogen waren 181 vollständig ausgefüllt und konnten ausgewertet werden. Der Großteil der Befragten war zufrieden mit der Routinetätigkeit. Die Hälfte der Weiterbildungsassistent*innen (WBA) war zufrieden mit den institutsinternen Weiterbildungsbedingungen. Nur etwas mehr als ein Drittel der Befragten war zufrieden mit der wissenschaftlichen Tätigkeit; die Hälfte der befragten Ärzt*innen forschte aktiv. Die psychosoziale Arbeitsbelastung war bei einem mittleren ER-Quotienten von 1,24 insgesamt eher hoch. Es zeigten sich keine Unterschiede bezüglich Arbeitsbelastung und -zufriedenheit zwischen Assistenz- und Fachärzt*innen. Nur wenige WBA strebten eine zukünftige Leitungsposition an. Diskussion Die (hohe) psychosoziale Arbeitsbelastung der Rechtsmediziner*innen ist vergleichbar mit anderen medizinischen Fachrichtungen. Die gleichzeitig hohe Arbeitszufriedenheit könnte für eine Inkaufnahme der (Mehr‑)Belastung aufgrund einer hohen intrinsischen Motivation sprechen. Aus den erhobenen Daten lässt sich Handlungsbedarf zur Etablierung optimierter Bedingungen für Forschung und institutsinterne Weiterbildung ableiten.

Published
2021

5. Searching for Dark Matter Annihilation from Milky Way Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies with Six Years of Fermi Large Area Telescope Data

Author

M. Ackermann, A. Albert, B. Anderson, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini, T. J. Brandt, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, M. Caragiulo, P. A. Caraveo, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, J. Chiang, G. Chiaro, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, A. Cuoco, S. Cutini, F. D’Ammando, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, R. Desiante, S. W. Digel, L. Di Venere, P. S. Drell, A. Drlica-Wagner, R. Essig, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, E. C. Ferrara, W. B. Focke, A. Franckowiak, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, G. A. Gomez-Vargas, I. A. Grenier, S. Guiriec, M. Gustafsson, E. Hays, J. W. Hewitt, D. Horan, T. Jogler, G. Jóhannesson, M. Kuss, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, J. Li, L. Li, M. Llena Garde, F. Longo, F. Loparco, P. Lubrano, D. Malyshev, M. Mayer, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, M. Meyer, P. F. Michelson, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, S. Murgia, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, M. Orienti, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, D. Paneque, J. S. Perkins, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, G. Pivato, T. A. Porter, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, S. Ritz, M. Sánchez-Conde, A. Schulz, N. Sehgal, C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, F. Spada, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, L. Strigari, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, J. B. Thayer, L. Tibaldo, D. F. Torres, E. Troja, G. Vianello, M. Werner, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, M. Wood, G. Zaharijas, and S. Zimmer

Published
2015
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6. Updated search for spectral lines from Galactic dark matter interactions with pass 8 data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope

Author

M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. Albert, B. Anderson, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini, T. J. Brandt, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, M. Caragiulo, P. A. Caraveo, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, J. Chiang, G. Chiaro, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, A. Cuoco, S. Cutini, F. D’Ammando, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, R. Desiante, S. W. Digel, L. Di Venere, P. S. Drell, A. Drlica-Wagner, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, A. Franckowiak, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, G. Godfrey, G. A. Gomez-Vargas, I. A. Grenier, J. E. Grove, S. Guiriec, M. Gustafsson, J. W. Hewitt, A. B. Hill, D. Horan, G. Jóhannesson, R. P. Johnson, M. Kuss, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, J. Li, L. Li, F. Longo, F. Loparco, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, D. Malyshev, M. Mayer, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, P. F. Michelson, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, S. Murgia, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, M. Orienti, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, D. Paneque, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, G. Pivato, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, T. Reposeur, S. Ritz, M. Sánchez-Conde, A. Schulz, C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, F. Spada, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, J. B. Thayer, L. Tibaldo, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, E. Troja, G. Vianello, M. Werner, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, M. Wood, G. Zaharijas, and S. Zimmer

Published
2015
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7. Measurement of Separate Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron Spectra with the Fermi Large Area Telescope

Author

M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. Allafort, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, A. Bouvier, J. Bregeon, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, P. A. Caraveo, J. M. Casandjian, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, C. C. Cheung, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, S. Cutini, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, C. D. Dermer, S. W. Digel, E. do Couto e Silva, P. S. Drell, A. Drlica-Wagner, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, E. C. Ferrara, W. B. Focke, P. Fortin, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, S. Germani, N. Giglietto, P. Giommi, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, I. A. Grenier, J. E. Grove, S. Guiriec, M. Gustafsson, D. Hadasch, A. K. Harding, M. Hayashida, R. E. Hughes, G. Jóhannesson, A. S. Johnson, T. Kamae, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, J. Knödlseder, M. Kuss, J. Lande, L. Latronico, M. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Llena Garde, F. Longo, F. Loparco, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, G. M. Madejski, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, T. Nakamori, P. L. Nolan, J. P. Norris, E. Nuss, M. Ohno, T. Ohsugi, A. Okumura, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, M. Ozaki, D. Paneque, D. Parent, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, F. Piron, G. Pivato, T. A. Porter, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, S. Razzaque, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, T. Reposeur, S. Ritz, R. W. Romani, M. Roth, H. F.-W. Sadrozinski, C. Sbarra, T. L. Schalk, C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, A. W. Strong, H. Takahashi, T. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, L. Tibaldo, M. Tinivella, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, E. Troja, Y. Uchiyama, T. L. Usher, J. Vandenbroucke, V. Vasileiou, G. Vianello, V. Vitale, A. P. Waite, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, M. Wood, Z. Yang, and S. Zimmer

Published
2012
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9. Constraining Dark Matter Models from a Combined Analysis of Milky Way Satellites with the Fermi Large Area Telescope

Author

M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. Albert, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, J. Bregeon, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, T. H. Burnett, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, B. Cañadas, P. A. Caraveo, J. M. Casandjian, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, S. Cutini, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, C. D. Dermer, S. W. Digel, E. do Couto e Silva, P. S. Drell, A. Drlica-Wagner, L. Falletti, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, E. C. Ferrara, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Gehrels, S. Germani, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, I. A. Grenier, S. Guiriec, M. Gustafsson, D. Hadasch, M. Hayashida, E. Hays, R. E. Hughes, T. E. Jeltema, G. Jóhannesson, R. P. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, T. Kamae, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, J. Knödlseder, M. Kuss, J. Lande, L. Latronico, A. M. Lionetto, M. Llena Garde, F. Longo, F. Loparco, B. Lott, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, G. M. Madejski, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, J. Mehault, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, M. Naumann-Godo, J. P. Norris, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, A. Okumura, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, M. Ozaki, D. Paneque, D. Parent, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, F. Piron, G. Pivato, T. A. Porter, S. Profumo, S. Rainò, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, S. Ritz, M. Roth, H. F.-W. Sadrozinski, C. Sbarra, J. D. Scargle, T. L. Schalk, C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, L. Strigari, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, D. J. Thompson, L. Tibaldo, M. Tinivella, D. F. Torres, E. Troja, Y. Uchiyama, J. Vandenbroucke, V. Vasileiou, G. Vianello, V. Vitale, A. P. Waite, P. Wang, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, M. Wood, Z. Yang, S. Zimmer, M. Kaplinghat, and G. D. Martinez

Published
2011
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10. Constraints on dark matter models from a Fermi LAT search for high-energy cosmic-ray electrons from the Sun

Author

M. Ajello, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, E. Bottacini, A. Bouvier, J. Bregeon, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, P. A. Caraveo, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, S. Cutini, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, C. D. Dermer, S. W. Digel, E. do Couto e Silva, P. S. Drell, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, W. B. Focke, Y. Fukazawa, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, N. Gehrels, S. Germani, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, I. A. Grenier, S. Guiriec, M. Gustafsson, D. Hadasch, G. Iafrate, G. Jóhannesson, A. S. Johnson, T. Kamae, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, M. Kuss, L. Latronico, A. M. Lionetto, F. Longo, F. Loparco, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, P. F. Michelson, T. Mizuno, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, M. Naumann-Godo, J. P. Norris, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, M. Ozaki, D. Paneque, J. H. Panetta, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, F. Piron, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, S. Ritz, T. L. Schalk, C. Sgrò, J. Siegal-Gaskins, E. J. Siskind, P. D. Smith, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, D. J. Suson, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, L. Tibaldo, G. Tosti, E. Troja, T. L. Usher, J. Vandenbroucke, V. Vasileiou, G. Vianello, N. Vilchez, A. P. Waite, P. Wang, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, Z. Yang, and S. Zimmer

Published
2011
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12. Search for gamma-ray emission from p -wave dark matter annihilation in the Galactic Center

Author

Regina Caputo, C. Karwin, Jessie Shelton, S. Murgia, C. A. Johnson, and S Ritz

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Supermassive black hole, Annihilation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, Galactic Center, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Article, Galaxy, Galactic halo, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010306 general physics, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract

Indirect searches for dark matter through Standard Model products of its annihilation generally assume a cross-section which is dominated by a term independent of velocity ($s$-wave annihilation). However, in many DM models an $s$-wave annihilation cross-section is absent or helicity suppressed. To reproduce the correct DM relic density in these models, the leading term in the cross section is proportional to the DM velocity squared ($p$-wave annihilation). Indirect detection of such $p$-wave DM is difficult because the average velocities of DM in galaxies today are orders of magnitude slower than the DM velocity at the time of decoupling from the primordial thermal plasma, suppressing the annihilation cross-section today by some five orders of magnitude relative to its value at freeze out. Thus $p$-wave DM is out of reach of traditional searches for DM annihilations in the Galactic halo. Near the region of influence of a central supermassive black hole, such as Sgr A$^*$, however, DM can form a localized over-density known as a `spike'. In such spikes the DM is predicted to be both concentrated in space and accelerated to higher velocities, allowing the $\gamma$-ray signature from its annihilation to potentially be detectable above the background. We use the $Fermi$ Large Area Telescope to search for the $\gamma$-ray signature of $p$-wave annihilating DM from a spike around Sgr A$^*$ in the energy range 10 GeV-600 GeV. Such a signal would appear as a point source and would have a sharp line or box-like spectral features difficult to mimic with standard astrophysical processes, indicating a DM origin. We find no significant excess of $\gamma$ rays in this range, and we place upper limits on the flux in $\gamma$-ray boxes originating from the Galactic Center. This result, the first of its kind, is interpreted in the context of different models of the DM density near Sgr A$^*$., Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures

Published
2019

14. Longitudinal Plankton Dynamics in the Rivers Rhine and Elbe

Author

Paulin Hardenbicker, F. Schöll, Helmut Fischer, Markus Weitere, and S. Ritz

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Hydrology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Plankton, 01 natural sciences, Zooplankton, chemistry.chemical_compound, Oceanography, chemistry, Benthic zone, Chlorophyll, Tributary, Phytoplankton, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental science, Water quality, Eutrophication, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Water Science and Technology
Abstract

We compared the longitudinal plankton development in the two large rivers Rhine and Elbe by means of four Lagrangian sampling campaigns performed within the time span 2009–2011. The campaigns revealed low chlorophyll concentrations in the Rhine along a long river stretch (Rhine-km 170 to 854) with maximum values below 5 µg L−1 in 2010. In contrast, the Elbe (Elbe-km 4 to 582) showed high and longitudinally increasing chlorophyll concentrations with maximal values of 174 µg L−1 in 2009 and 123 µg L−1 in 2011. Additional samples of the benthic bivalves along the river stretches revealed high densities of the filter feeders in the Rhine that could potentially explain losses of plankton production. Their densities in the Elbe were significantly lower, making important losses to benthic filter feeders unlikely. However, strong phytoplankton growth was observed during the sampling campaign in 2011 in the Rhine coinciding with a low discharge event. This resulted in an exceptionally high chlorophyll value of up to 244 µg L−1 in the lower river sections, a value that was not reached in the last two decades of continuous water quality monitoring in the Rhine. Even though we cannot fully explain this phenomenon, it shows that phytoplankton has a high growth potential in the Rhine but is usually controlled by other mechanisms. Tributaries represented an additional and important source of plankton biomass and suspended substances in the Rhine, whereas they primarily diluted the plankton concentrations in the Elbe. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Published
2015

17. A STUDY OF 3-JET EVENTS IN E+E- ANNIHILATION INTO HADRONS AT 34.6 GEV CM ENERGY

Author

G. Baranko, Y. Eisenberg, W. Braunschweig, A. Caldwell, C. M. Hawkes, Stephen Lloyd, V. Mertens, Michael Dittmar, G. Yekutieli, R. Mir, P. Mättig, D. K. Hasell, K. W. Bell, H. Kowalski, M. Holder, D. M. Binnie, H. Siebke, H. Hultschig, M. Takashima, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, E. Bernardi, John Hart, Joseph Izen, D. H. Saxon, H. M. Fischer, G. Poelz, Ehud Duchovni, R. Rosskamp, D. Trines, S. L. Wu, B. Löhr, R.C.E. Devenish, A. Eskreys, H. Venkataramania, Georg Zobernig, P. Joos, B. Foster, D. Strom, J. Pyrlik, E. Hilger, U. Karshon, G. Mikenberg, H. Hartmann, G. P. Heath, Hl Krasemann, W. Wallraff, Philip Bull, M. G. Bowler, W. G. Jones, Stephanie Brandt, E. Lohrmann, A. Montag, E. Wicklund, M. Cherney, D. J. Mellor, R. Wedemeyer, G. Rudolph, J. Jocksch, K. U. Pösnecker, B. Neumann, H. U. Martyn, Luis Labarga, M. Althoff, J. Thomas, J. Eisenmann, A. T. Wood, D. Notz, P. D. Dauncey, T. Tymieniecka, G. Kreutz, A. Shapira, U. Kötz, D. Su, W. Schütte, A. Ladage, Fernando Barreiro, D. A. Garbutt, Gy. Wolf, F. J. Kirschfink, M. Mermikides, D. Revel, E.E. Ronat, G. E. Forden, G. Knop, C. Jenkins, Rj Cashmore, T. Kracht, D. Lüke, S. Ritz, K. Gather, E. Ros, Boaz Klima, W. A. T. Wan Abdullan, D. Pandoulas, M. Hildebrandt, H. Kück, D.W. Schmitz, P. J. Dornan, R. Fohrmann, Hermann Kolanoski, and J. K. Sedgbeer

Subjects
Physics, Quantum chromodynamics, Particle physics, Annihilation, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Electron–positron annihilation, Nuclear Theory, Quark model, Hadron, Elementary particle, Gluon, Nuclear physics, Color model, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous)
Abstract

Three-jet events produced by e+e- annihilation into hadrons at 34.6 GeV c.m. energy were studied by comparing them with 2nd order QCD and two different models of fragmentation. The distribution of low energy particles in the 3-jet plane is found to be better described by the LUND color string model than by the independent jet model. The opposite is true for more energetic particles flowing between the 3 jets. The average transverse momenta in jets can be described with values of σq between 350 and 500 MeV/c for the gluon jet. © 1985 Springer-Verlag.

Published
2016

18. Differential cross sections of D*(+/-) photoproduction in ep collisions at HERA

Author

J. Breitweg, M. Derrick, D. Krakauer, S. Magill, D. Mikunas, B. Musgrave, J. Repond, R. Stanek, R.L. Talaga, R. Yoshida, H. Zhang, M.C.K. Mattingly, F. Anselmo, P. Antonioli, G. Bari, M. Basile, L. Bellagamba, D. Boscherini, A. Bruni, G. Bruni, G. Cara Romeo, G. Castellini, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, A. Contin, M. Corradi, I. Gialas, P. Giusti, G. Iacobucci, G. Laurenti, G. Levi, A. Margotti, T. Massam, R. Nania, F. Palmonari, S. De Pasquale, A. Pesci, A. Polini, G. Sartorelli, Y. Zamora Garcia, A. Zichichi, C. Amelung, A. Bornheim, I. Brock, K. Coböken, J. Crittenden, R. Deffner, M. Eckert, L. Feld, M. Grothe, H. Hartmann, K. Heinloth, L. Heinz, E. Hilger, H.-P. Jakob, U.F. Katz, E. Paul, M. Pfeiffer, Ch. Rembser, J. Stamm, R. Wedemeyer, D.S. Bailey, S. Campbell-Robson, W.N. Cottingham, B. Foster, R. Hall-Wilton, M.E. Hayes, G.P. Heath, H.F. Heath, D. Piccioni, D.G. Roff, R.J. Tapper, M. Arneodo, R. Ayad, M. Capua, A. Garfagnini, L. Iannotti, M. Schioppa, G. Susinno, J.Y. Kim, J.H. Lee, I.T. Lim, M.Y. Pac, A. Caldwell, N. Cartiglia, Z. Jing, W. Liu, J.A. Parsons, S. Ritz, S. Sampson, F. Sciulli, P.B. Straub, Q. Zhu, P. Borzemski, J. Chwastowski, A. Eskreys, Z. Jakubowski, M.B. Przybycień, M. Zachara, L. Zawiejski, L. Adamczyk, B. Bednarek, K. Jeleń, D. Kisielewska, T. Kowalski, M. Przybycień, E. Rulikowska-Zarȩbska, L. Suszycki, J. Zaja̧c, Z. Duliński, A. Kotański, G. Abbiendi, H. Abramowicz, L.A.T. Bauerdick, U. Behrens, H. Beier, J.K. Bienlein, G. Cases, O. Deppe, K. Desler, G. Drews, D.J. Gilkinson, C. Glasman, P. Göttlicher, J. Große-Knetter, T. Haas, W. Hain, D. Hasell, H. Heßling, Y. Iga, K.F. Johnson, M. Kasemann, W. Koch, U. Kötz, H. Kowalski, J. Labs, L. Lindemann, B. Löhr, M. Löwe, J. Mainusch, O. Mańczak, J. Milewski, T. Monteiro, J.S.T. Ng, D. Notz, K. Ohrenberg, I.H. Park, A. Pellegrino, F. Pelucchi, K. Piotrzkowski, M. Roco, M. Rohde, J. Roldán, A.A. Savin, U. Schneekloth, W. Schulz, F. Selonke, B. Surrow, E. Tassi, T. Voß, D. Westphal, G. Wolf, U. Wollmer, C. Youngman, A.F. Żarnecki, W. Zeuner, B.D. Burow, H.J. Grabosch, A. Meyer, S. Schlenstedt, G. Barbagli, E. Gallo, P. Pelfer, G. Maccarrone, L. Votano, A. Bamberger, S. Eisenhardt, P. Markun, T. Trefzger, S. Wölfle, J.T. Bromley, N.H. Brook, P.J. Bussey, A.T. Doyle, D.H. Saxon, L.E. Sinclair, E. Strickland, M.L. Utley, R. Waugh, A.S. Wilson, I. Bohnet, N. Gendner, U. Holm, A. Meyer-Larsen, H. Salehi, K. Wick, L.K. Gladilin, R. Klanner, E. Lohrmann, G. Poelz, W. Schott, F. Zetsche, T.C. Bacon, I. Butterworth, J.E. Cole, V.L. Harris, G. Howell, B.H.Y. Hung, L. Lamberti, K.R. Long, D.B. Miller, N. Pavel, A. Prinias, J.K. Sedgbeer, D. Sideris, A.F. Whitfield, U. Mallik, S.M. Wang, J.T. Wu, P. Cloth, D. Filges, S.H. An, S.B. Lee, S.W. Nam, H.S. Park, S.K. Park, F. Barreiro, J.P. Fernandez, R. Graciani, J.M. Hernández, L. Hervás, L. Labarga, M. Martinez, J. del Peso, J. Puga, J. Terron, J.F. de Trocóniz, F. Corriveau, D.S. Hanna, J. Hartmann, L.W. Hung, J.N. Lim, W.N. Murray, A. Ochs, M. Riveline, D.G. Stairs, M. St-Laurent, R. Ullmann, T. Tsurugai, V. Bashkirov, B.A. Dolgoshein, A. Stifutkin, G.L. Bashindzhagyan, P.F. Ermolov, Yu.A. Golubkov, V.D. Kobrin, I.A. Korzhavina, V.A. Kuzmin, O.Yu. Lukina, A.S. Proskuryakov, L.M. Shcheglova, A.N. Solomin, N.P. Zotov, C. Bokel, M. Botje, N. Brümmer, F. Chlebana, J. Engelen, M. de Kamps, P. Kooijman, A. Kruse, A. van Sighem, H. Tiecke, W. Verkerke, J. Vossebeld, M. Vreeswijk, L. Wiggers, E. de Wolf, D. Acosta, B. Bylsma, L.S. Durkin, J. Gilmore, C.M. Ginsburg, C.L. Kim, T.Y. Ling, P. Nylander, T.A. Romanowski, H.E. Blaikley, R.J. Cashmore, A.M. Cooper-Sarkar, R.C.E. Devenish, J.K. Edmonds, N. Harnew, M. Lancaster, J.D. McFall, C. Nath, V.A. Noyes, A. Quadt, J.R. Tickner, H. Uijterwaal, R. Walczak, D.S. Waters, T. Yip, A. Bertolin, R. Brugnera, R. Carlin, F. Dal Corso, U. Dosselli, S. Limentani, M. Morandin, M. Posocco, L. Stanco, R. Stroili, C. Voci, J. Bulmahn, R.G. Feild, B.Y. Oh, J.R. Okrasiński, J.J. Whitmore, G. D'Agostini, G. Marini, A. Nigro, J.C. Hart, N.A. McCubbin, T.P. Shah, E. Barberis, T. Dubbs, C. Heusch, M. Van Hook, W. Lockman, J.T. Rahn, H.F.-W. Sadrozinski, A. Seiden, D.C. Williams, O. Schwarzer, A.H. Walenta, G. Briskin, S. Dagan, T. Doeker, A. Levy, T. Abe, J.I. Fleck, M. Inuzuka, T. Ishii, M. Kuze, K. Nagano, M. Nakao, I. Suzuki, K. Tokushuku, K. Umemori, S. Yamada, Y. Yamazaki, R. Hamatsu, T. Hirose, K. Homma, S. Kitamura, T. Matsushita, K. Yamauchi, R. Cirio, M. Costa, M.I. Ferrero, S. Maselli, V. Monaco, C. Peroni, M.C. Petrucci, R. Sacchi, A. Solano, A. Staiano, M. Dardo, D.C. Bailey, M. Brkic, C.-P. Fagerstroem, G.F. Hartner, K.K. Joo, G.M. Levman, J.F. Martin, R.S. Orr, S. Polenz, C.R. Sampson, D. Simmons, R.J. Teuscher, J.M. Butterworth, C.D. Catterall, T.W. Jones, P.B. Kaziewicz, J.B. Lane, R.L. Saunders, J. Shulman, M.R. Sutton, B. Lu, L.W. Mo, J. Ciborowski, G. Grzelak, M. Kasprzak, K. Muchorowski, R.J. Nowak, J.M. Pawlak, R. Pawlak, T. Tymieniecka, A.K. Wróblewski, J.A. Zakrzewski, M. Adamus, C. Coldewey, Y. Eisenberg, D. Hochman, U. Karshon, D. Revel, D. Zer-Zion, W.F. Badgett, D. Chapin, R. Cross, S. Dasu, C. Foudas, R.J. Loveless, S. Mattingly, D.D. Reeder, W.H. Smith, A. Vaiciulis, M. Wodarczyk, S. Bhadra, W.R. Frisken, M. Khakzad, W.B. Schmidke, and Zeus (IHEF, IoP, FNWI)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Photon, E+E ANNIHILATION, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, DISTRIBUTIONS, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Perturbative QCD, FLAVOR PRODUCTION, ZEUS, ZEUS BARREL CALORIMETER, HERA, CENTRAL TRACKING DETECTOR, Massless particle, PHOTON, HEAVY-QUARK CORRELATIONS, HADRON-COLLISIONS, QCD CORRECTIONS, FRAGMENTATION, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract

Inclusive photoproduction of D*+- in ep collisions at HERA has been measured with the ZEUS detector for photon-proton centre of mass energies in the range 115 < W < 280 GeV and photon virtuality Q**2 < 4 GeV**2. The cross section sigma(ep --> D*X) integrated over the kinematic region pt(D*) > 3 GeV and -1.5 < eta(D*) < 1.0 is (10.6+-1.7(stat.)+1.6(syst.)-1.3(syst.)) nb. Differential cross sections as functions of pt(D*), eta(D*) and W are given. The data are compared with two next-to-leading order perturbative QCD predictions. For a calculation using a massive charm scheme the predicted cross sections are smaller than the measured ones. A recent calculation using a massless charm scheme is in agreement with the data., 18 pages including 4 figures

Published
2016

19. STRANGE MESON PRODUCTION IN E+E- ANNIHILATION

Author

Janusz Chwastowski, M. E. Veitch, B. Löhr, P. Joos, B. Foster, M. Takashima, D. H. Saxon, Eduardo Ros, R. J. Cashmore, Ian R Tomalin, P. Mättig, A. Leites, D. Muller, Fernando Barreiro, D. Strom, J. M. Pawlak, G. Poelz, A. Caldwell, John Hassard, A. Montag, J. Krüger, H. Hartmann, T. Kracht, J. Del Peso, D. Revel, K. Gather, G. Mikenberg, E. Hilger, D. Trines, A. Watson, R. Wedemeyer, D. Notz, H. M. Fischer, U. Karshon, Luis Hervas, D. Su, N. Wainer, Guenter Wolf, A. Ladage, A. J. Martin, Hermann Kolanoski, E. Lohrmann, J. Shulman, Georg Zobernig, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, K. U. Pösnecker, A. Shapira, A. Eskreys, L. Labarga, G. Yekutieli, Y. Eisenberg, R. Walczak, K. Genser, M. G. Bowler, W. Braunschweig, A. Jocksch, D. Lüke, S. Ritz, Philip Burrows, R. Gerhards, F. J. Kirschfink, M. Holder, H. Hultschig, John Hart, Sau Lan Wu, J. Fdez de Trocóniz, E.E. Ronat, G. Cases, Jens Hartmann, E. Bernardi, Stephanie Brandt, H. Kowalski, and H. U. Martyn

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Annihilation, Meson production, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Meson, Nuclear Theory, Multiplicity (mathematics), Sphericity, Nuclear physics, Rapidity, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous)
Abstract

The full TASSO data have been used to study the inclusive production of strange mesons in e+e- annihilations. Differential and total cross sections have been measured in the centre of mass energy range 14 to 44 GeV for K0, {Mathematical expression} and 34.5 to 44 GeV for K*± (892). We have investigated the strange meson production properties in jets by studying the rapidity and pt2 distributions as well as the evolution of the multiplicities as a function of the event sphericity. We find no evidence that the strange meson yields increase with increasing sphericity faster than the total charged multiplicity. © 1990 Springer-Verlag.

Published
2016

20. EXTRACTION OF THE GLUON DENSITY OF THE PROTON AT X

Author

M. Derrick, D. Krakauer, S. Magill, B. Musgrave, J. Repond, J. Schlereth, R. Stanek, R.L. Talaga, J. Thron, F. Arzarello, R. Ayad, G. Bari, M. Basile, L. Bellagamba, D. Boscherini, A. Bruni, G. Bruni, P. Bruni, G. Cara Romeo, G. Castellini, M. Chiarini, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, F. Ciralli, A. Contin, S. D'Auria, F. Frasconi, I. Gialas, P. Giusti, G. Iacobucci, G. Laurenti, G. Levi, A. Margotti, T. Massam, R. Nania, C. Nemoz, F. Palmonari, A. Polini, G. Sartorelli, R. Timellini, Y. Zamora Garcia, A. Zichichi, A. Bargende, J. Crittenden, K. Desch, B. Diekmann, T. Doeker, M. Eckert, L. Feld, A. Frey, M. Geerts, G. Geitz, M. Grothe, H. Hartmann, D. Haun, K. Heinloth, E. Hilger, H.-P. Jakob, U.F. Katz, S.M. Mari, A. Mass, S. Mengel, J. Mollen, E. Paul, Ch. Rembser, R. Schattevoy, D. Schramm, J. Stamm, R. Wedemeyer, S. Campbell-Robson, A. Cassidy, N. Dyce, B. Foster, S. George, R. Gilmore, G.P. Heath, H.F. Heath, T.J. Llewellyn, C.J.S. Morgado, D.J.P. Norman, J.A. O'Mara, R.J. Tapper, S.S. Wilson, R. Yoshida, R.R. Rau, M. Arneodo, L. Iannotti, M. Schioppa, G. Susinno, A. Bernstein, A. Caldwell, J.A. Parsons, S. Ritz, F. Sciulli, P.B. Straub, L. Wai, S. Yang, P. Borzemski, J. Chwastowski, A. Eskreys, K. Piotrzkowski, M. Zachara, L. Zawiejski, L. Adamczyk, B. Bednarek, K. Eskreys, K. Jelén, D. Kisielewska, T. Kowalski, E. Rulikowska-Zarȩbska, L. Suszycki, J. Zaja̧c, T. Kȩdzierski, A. Kotański, M. Przybycień, L.A.T. Bauerdick, U. Behrens, J.K. Bienlein, S. Böttcher, C. Coldewey, G. Drews, M. Flasiński, D.J. Gilkinson, P. Göttlicher, B. Gutjahr, T. Haas, W. Hain, D. Hasell, H. Heβling, H. Hultschig, Y. Iga, P. Joos, M. Kasemann, R. Klanner, W. Koch, L. Köpke, U. Kötz, H. Kowalski, W. Kröger, J. Krüger, J. Labs, A. Ladage, B. Löhr, M. Löwe, D. Lüke, O. Mańczak, J.S.T. Ng, S. Nickel, D. Notz, K. Ohrenberg, M. Roco, M. Rohde, J. Roldán, U. Schneekloth, W. Schulz, F. Selonke, E. Stiliaris, T. Voβ, D. Westphal, G. Wolf, C. Youngman, H.J. Grabosch, A. Leich, A. Meyer, C. Rethfeldt, S. Schlenstedt, G. Barbagli, P. Pelfer, G. Anzivino, G. Maccarrone, S. De Pasquale, S. Qian, L. Votano, A. Bamberger, A. Freidhof, T. Poser, S. Söldner-Rembold, J. Schroeder, G. Theisen, T. Trefzger, N.H. Brook, P.J. Bussey, A.T. Doyle, I. Fleck, V.A. Jamieson, D.H. Saxon, M.L. Utley, A.S. Wilson, A. Dannemann, U. Holm, D. Horstmann, H. Kammerlocher, B. Krebs, T. Neumann, R. Sinkus, K. Wick, E. Badura, B.D. Burow, A. Fürtjes, L. Hagge, E. Lohrmann, J. Mainusch, J. Milewski, M. Nakahata, N. Pavel, G. Poelz, W. Schott, J. Terron, F. Zetsche, T.C. Bacon, R. Beuselinck, I. Butterworth, E. Gallo, V.L. Harris, B.H. Hung, K.R. Long, D.B. Miller, P.P.O. Morawitz, A. Prinias, J.K. Sedgbeer, A.F. Whitfield, U. Mallik, E. McCliment, M.Z. Wang, S.M. Wang, J.T. Wu, Y. Zhang, P. Cloth, D. Filges, S.H. An, S.M. Hong, S.W. Nam, S.K. Park, M.H. Suh, S.H. Yon, R. Imlay, S. Kartik, H.-J. Kim, R.R. McNeil, W. Metcalf, V.K. Nadendla, F. Barreiro, G. Cases, R. Graciani, J.M. Hernández, L. Hervás, L. Labarga, J. del Peso, J. Puga, J.F. de Trocóniz, F. Ikraiam, J.K. Mayer, G.R. Smith, F. Corriveau, D.S. Hanna, J. Hartmann, L.W. Hung, J.N. Lim, C.G. Matthews, P.M. Patel, L.E. Sinclair, D.G. Stairs, M. St.Laurent, R. Ullmann, G. Zacek, V. Bashkirov, B.A. Dolgoshein, A. Stifutkin, G.L. Bashindzhagyan, P.F. Ermolov, L.K. Gladilin, Y.A. Golubkov, V.D. Kobrin, V.A. Kuzmin, A.S. Proskuryakov, A.A. Savin, L.M. Shcheglova, A.N. Solomin, N.P. Zotov, S. Bentvelsen, M. Botje, F. Chlebana, A. Dake, J. Engelen, P. de Jong, M. de Kamps, P. Kooijman, A. Kruse, V. O'Dell, A. Tenner, H. Tiecke, W. Verkerke, M. Vreeswijk, L. Wiggers, E. de Wolf, R. van Woudenberg, D. Acosta, B. Bylsma, L.S. Durkin, K. Honscheid, C. Li, T.Y. Ling, K.W. McLean, W.N. Murray, I.H. Park, T.A. Romanowski, R. Seidlein, D.S. Bailey, G.A. Blair, A. Byrne, R.J. Cashmore, A.M. Cooper-Sarkar, D. Daniels, R.C.E. Devenish, N. Harnew, M. Lancaster, P.E. Luffman, L. Lindemann, J. McFall, C. Nath, A. Quadt, H. Uijterwaal, R. Walczak, F.F. Wilson, T. Yip, G. Abbiendi, A. Bertolin, R. Brugnera, R. Carlin, F. Dal Corso, M. De Giorgi, U. Dosselli, S. Limentani, M. Morandin, M. Posocco, L. Stanco, R. Stroili, C. Voci, J. Bulmahn, J.M. Butterworth, R.G. Feild, B.Y. Oh, J.J. Whitmore, G. D'Agostini, M. Iori, G. Marini, M. Mattioli, A. Nigro, E. Tassi, J.C. Hart, N.A. McCubbin, K. Prytz, T.P. Shah, T.L. Short, E. Barberis, N. Cartiglia, T. Dubbs, C. Heusch, M. Van Hook, B. Hubbard, W. Lockman, J.T. Rahn, H.F.-W. Sadrozinski, A. Seiden, J. Biltzinger, R.J. Seifert, A.H. Walenta, G. Zech, H. Abramowicz, G. Briskin, S. Dagan, A. Levy, T. Hasegawa, M. Hazumi, T. Ishii, M. Kuze, S. Mine, Y. Nagasawa, T. Nagira, M. Nakao, I. Suzuki, K. Tokushuku, S. Yamada, Y. Yamazaki, M. Chiba, R. Hamatsu, T. Hirose, K. Homma, S. Kitamura, S. Nagayama, Y. Nakamitsu, R. Cirio, M. Costa, M.I. Ferrero, L. Lamberti, S. Maselli, C. Peroni, R. Sacchi, A. Solano, A. Staiano, M. Dardo, D.C. Bailey, D. Bandyopadhyay, F. Benard, M. Brkic, M.B. Crombie, D.M. Gingrich, G.F. Hartner, K.K. Joo, G.M. Levman, J.F. Martin, R.S. Orr, C.R. Sampson, R.J. Teuscher, C.D. Catterall, T.W. Jones, P.B. Kaziewicz, J.B. Lane, R.L. Saunders, J. Shulman, K. Blankenship, J. Kochocki, B. Lu, L.W. Mo, W. Bogusz, K. Charchuł, a, J. Ciborowski, J. Gajewski, G. Grzelak, M. Kasprzak, M. Krzyżanowski, K. Muchorowski, R.J. Nowak, J.M. Pawlak, T. Tymieniecka, A.K. Wróblewski, J.A. Zakrzewski, A.F. Zarnecki, M. Adamus, Y. Eisenberg, C. Glasman, U. Karshon, D. Revel, A. Shapira, I. Ali, B. Behrens, S. Dasu, C. Fordham, C. Foudas, A. Goussiou, R.J. Loveless, D.D. Reeder, S. Silverstein, W.H. Smith, T. Tsurugai, S. Bhadra, W.R. Frisken, and K.M. Furutani

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Proton, Nuclear physics, INELASTIC MUON SCATTERING, DEUTERON STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS, ZEUS, NUCLEON STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS, HIGH STATISTICS MEASUREMENT, PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS, LEADING ORDER, HIGH Q2, PERTURBATION-THEORY, SCALING VIOLATIONS, PP COLLISIONS, Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, ZEUS (particle detector), Neutral current, Scattering, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, HERA, Gluon, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)
Abstract

The gluon momentum density xg ( x , Q 2 ) of the proton was extracted at Q 2 = 20 GeV 2 for small values of x between 4 × 10 −4 and 10 −2 from the scaling violations of the proton structure function F 2 measured recently by ZEUS in deep inelastic neutral current ep scattering at HERA. The extraction was performed in two ways. Firstly, using a global NLO fit to the ZEUS data on F 2 at low x constrained by measurementsfrom NMC at larger x ; and secondly using published approximate methods for the solution of the GLAP QCD evolution equations. Consistent results are obtained. A substantial increase of the gluon density is found at small x in comparison with the NMC result obtained at larger values of x .

Published
2016

21. MEASUREMENT OF THE PHOTON STRUCTURE-FUNCTION F2-GAMMA AT Q2 FROM 7 TO 70 (GEV/C)2

Author

W. Wallraff, Philip Bull, C. Jenkins, Rj Cashmore, H. M. Fischer, H. Venkataramania, R. Wedemeyer, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, A. Ladage, K. U. Pösnecker, D. Strom, E. Hilger, S. Ritz, A. Montag, G. Baranko, M. Cherney, D. H. Saxon, A. Shapira, J. Thomas, P. J. Dornan, A. Eskreys, L. Labarga, A. Jocksch, P. Mättig, J. Krüger, R. Mir, Michael Dittmar, Georg Zobernig, Walter Dr. Hillen, D. M. Binnie, D. Trines, B. Bock, G. Yekutieli, Giora Mikenberg, H. Hartmann, T. Kracht, P. D. Dauncey, T. Tymieniecka, Fernando Barreiro, M. G. Bowler, Hermann Kolanoski, J. K. Sedgbeer, D. A. Garbutt, K. Gather, R. Gerhards, E. Ros, D. Revel, H. Kück, Boaz Klima, E.E. Ronat, B. Neumann, A. Caldwell, Stephen Lloyd, D. K. Hasell, V. Mertens, Gy. Wolf, Joseph Izen, D. Lueke, M. Takashima, G. P. Heath, G. E. Forden, Hl Krasemann, B. Löhr, U. Karshon, P. Joos, B. Foster, E. Wicklund, E. Lohrmann, D. J. Mellor, Y. Eisenberg, R. Walczak, R.C.E. Devenish, J. Eisenmann, W. Braunschweig, M. Althoff, D. Notz, P. Rosskamp, F. J. Kirschfink, M. Holder, H. Hultschig, John Hart, Sau Lan Wu, G. Poelz, Stephanie Brandt, H. Kowalski, H. U. Martyn, W. G. Jones, D. Su, W. A. T. Wan Abdullah, and E. Bernardi

Subjects
Quantum chromodynamics, Quark, Physics, Particle physics, Photon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, Parton, Electron, Lambda, Photon structure function, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous)
Abstract

We have measured the processe + e −→e + e −+hadrons, where one of the scattered electrons was detected at large angles, withQ 2 ranging from 7 to 70 (VeV/c)2. The photon structure functionF 2 γ (x, Q2) was determined at an averageQ 2 of 23 (GeV/c)2. The measurements were compared to theoretical predictions of the Quark Parton Model and Quantum Chromodynamics. In both models a hadronic part was added. Within the errors the data are in agreement with the QPM using quark masses of 300 MeV/c2 for the light quarks. The data also agree with a QCD calculation including higher order corrections. A fit yielded a $$\Lambda _{\overline {MS} } $$ value of 140 −65 +190 MeV, where the errors include statistical and systematic uncertainties.

Published
2016

22. EVIDENCE FOR DIRECT PHOTONS FROM QUARKS IN ELECTRON-POSITRON ANNIHILATION

Author

A. J. Sephton, Y. Eisenberg, R. Walczak, G. E. Forden, B. Bock, W. Braunschweig, T. Kracht, K. U. Pösnecker, A. Shapira, D. Trines, W. Gerhardt, Janusz Chwastowski, J. F. Hassard, Giora Mikenberg, G. Tysarczyk, Stephanie Brandt, G. Yekutieli, Jens Hartmann, H. M. Fischer, A. J. Martin, I. R. Tomalin, Hermann Kolanoski, Fernando Barreiro, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, U. Karshon, H. Kowalski, A. Ladage, Georg Zobernig, E. Hilger, D. Su, M. E. Veitch, J. M. Pawlak, K. Gather, I. M. Silvester, P. Rehders, D. Muller, E. Lohrmann, P. Mättig, R. Wedemeyer, J. Shulman, E. Bernardi, H. U. Martyn, D. Revel, G. P. Heath, A. Montag, J. Del Peso, M. Takashima, Eduardo Ros, T. Tymieniecka, A. Eskreys, L. Labarga, Gy. Wolf, J. Krüger, H. Hartmann, Philip Burrows, D. Notz, D. Lüke, S. Ritz, B. Löhr, P. Joos, B. Foster, A. Leites, N. Wainer, D. H. Saxon, P. N. Ratoff, G. Poelz, K. Genser, M. G. Bowler, M. Holder, H. Hultschig, A. Jocksch, John Hart, Sau Lan Wu, R. Gerhards, F. J. Kirschfink, E.E. Ronat, C. Balkwill, and D. Strom

Subjects
Physics, Quark, Particle physics, Photon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, Bremsstrahlung, Jet (particle physics), Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, Positron, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), media_common
Abstract

Hadronic events from e+e--annihilations with a high energy isolated photon have been investigated at C.M. energies between 14 GeV and 44 GeV. A forward-backward asymmetry Aγ of the positively charged jet with respect to the incident positron direction has been found:Aγγ=-0.32±0.07, providing evidence for photon bremsstrahlung from quarks. The forward-backward asymmetry of all hadronic events at C.M. energies between 30 GeV and 36 GeV has been measured. The value, corrected for the limited polar angle acceptance of the detector, is:A=+0.021±0.005. © 1988 Springer-Verlag.

Published
2016

23. GLOBAL JET PROPERTIES AT 14-44 GEV CENTER OF MASS-ENERGY IN E+E- ANNIHILATION

Author

D. H. Saxon, R. Gerhards, Rj Cashmore, B. Löhr, U. Karshon, P. Joos, Luis Hervas, B. Foster, Fernando Barreiro, E.E. Ronat, A. Caldwell, Eduardo Ros, H. Kowalski, M. Takashima, A. Ladage, A. Eskreys, M. Holder, H. Hultschig, Janusz Chwastowski, E. Lohrmann, D. Trines, John Hart, Sau Lan Wu, Philip Burrows, A. Jocksch, J. M. Pawlak, D. Notz, H. M. Fischer, N. Wainer, A. J. Martin, K. Genser, Stephanie Brandt, M. G. Bowler, J. Krüger, K. U. Pösnecker, R. Wedemeyer, H. Hartmann, D. Strom, H. U. Martyn, Hermann Kolanoski, F. J. Kirschfink, J. Shulman, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, Georg Zobernig, E. Hilger, D. Lüke, S. Ritz, Gy. Wolf, M. E. Veitch, Ian R Tomalin, P. Mättig, J. F. Hassard, D. Muller, G. Cases, E. Bernardi, Jens Hartmann, D. Su, D. Revel, A. Montag, J. Del Peso, Y. Eisenberg, R. Walczak, W. Braunschweig, and G. Poelz

Subjects
Physics, Jet (fluid), Particle physics, Annihilation, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, Elementary particle, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, Momentum, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Center of mass, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous)
Abstract

Jet properties ine + e − annihilation at center of mass energies of 14, 22, 35 and 43.7 GeV were studied with the data collected in the TASSO detector at PETRA, using the same evaluation procedures for all the energies. The total hadronic cross section ratio for the center of mass energy interval 39–47 GeV was determined to be ℛ=4.11±0.05 (stat)±0.18(syst.) at $$\langle \sqrt s \rangle = 43 - 7$$ GeV. Corrected distributions of global shape variables are presented as well as the inclusive charged particle distributions for scaled momentum and transverse momentum. The center of mass energy evolution of the average sphericity, thrust, aplanarity and particle momentum is shown.

Published
2016

24. COMPARISON OF INCLUSIVE FRACTIONAL MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTIONS OF QUARK AND GLUON JETS PRODUCED IN E+E- ANNIHILATION

Author

H. Hartmann, M. Holder, Eduardo Ros, R. J. Cashmore, John Hart, D. Notz, Sau Lan Wu, M. Takashima, U. Karshon, Fernando Barreiro, G. Yekutieli, D. Trines, H. Kowalski, Janusz Chwastowski, E. Hilger, E.E. Ronat, H. Hulschig, B. Bock, Y. Eisenberg, E. Lohrmann, D. Strom, T. Kracht, R. Walczak, W. Braunschweig, D. Revel, G. Poelz, K. Genser, Hermann Kolanoski, E. Bernardi, Guenter Wolf, John Hassard, K. U. Pösnecker, Stephanie Brandt, A. Montag, Philip Burrows, K. Gather, J. Del Peso, J. Shulman, G. Mikenberg, H. M. Fischer, R. Gerhards, A. Ladage, H. U. Martyn, Jens Hartmann, A. J. Martin, J. M. Pawlak, Georg Zobernig, F. J. Kirschfink, D. Su, G. P. Heath, R. Wedemeyer, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, A. Eskreys, M. E. Veitch, Ian R Tomalin, P. Mättig, D. Muller, D. Lüke, S. Ritz, B. Löhr, P. Joos, B. Foster, A. Leites, A. Shapira, N. Wainer, M. G. Bowler, A. Jocksch, D. H. Saxon, and J. Krüger

Subjects
Quark, Physics, Particle physics, Annihilation, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, Parton, Jet (particle physics), Charged particle, Gluon, Nuclear physics, Momentum, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous)
Abstract

Inclusive charged particle production ine + e − annihilation into hadrons is studied in terms of the particle fractional momentumx p . Thex p distribution for gluon jets is extracted by comparing two data samples measured in the TASSO detector: nearly symmetric three jet events at centre-of-mass energyW∼35 GeV and two jet events atW∼22 GeV, yielding quark and gluon jets of similar energies (∼11.5 GeV). No significant difference is observed between quark and gluon jets. Monte Carlo models based on parton showers describe the trend and energy variation of the data better than a model with second order matrix element in α s .

Published
2016

25. Interplatform reproducibility of CT coronary calcium scoring software

Author

Dietbert Hahn, Markus Weininger, Kristin S. Ritz, Thomas Flohr, U. Joseph Schoepf, Matthias Beissert, Rozemarijn Vliegenthart, Philip Costello, and Cardiovascular Centre (CVC)

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques, Coronary Artery Disease, Coronary calcium, Risk Assessment, Statistics, Nonparametric, Text mining, Software, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Software system, Retrospective Studies, Reproducibility, business.industry, Calcinosis, Reproducibility of Results, Middle Aged, Coronary artery calcium, Cardiology, Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Regression Analysis, Female, Radiology, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business
Abstract

To investigate whether coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring performed on three different workstations generates comparable and thus vendor-independent results.Institutional review board and Federal Office for Radiation Protection approval were received, as was each patient's written informed consent. Fifty-nine patients (37 men, 22 women; mean age, 57 years±3 [standard deviation]) underwent CAC scoring with use of 64-section multidetector computed tomography (CT) with retrospective electrocardiographic gating (one examination per patient). Data sets were created at 10% increments of the R-R interval from 40%-80%. Two experienced observers in consensus calculated Agatston and volume scores for all data sets by using the calcium scoring software of three different workstations. Comparative analysis of CAC scores between the workstations was performed by using regression analysis, Spearman rank correlation (rs), and the Kruskal-Wallis test.Each workstation produced different absolute numeric results for Agatston and volume scores. However, statistical analysis revealed excellent correlation between the workstations, with highest correlation at 60% of the R-R interval (minimal rs=0.998; maximal rs=0.999) for both scoring methods. No significant differences were detected for Agatston and volume score results between the software platforms. At analysis of individual reconstruction intervals, each workstation demonstrated the same score variability, with the consequence that 12 of 59 patients were assigned to divergent cardiac risk groups by using at least one of the workstations.While mere numeric values might be different, commercially available software platforms produce comparable CAC scoring results, which suggests a vendor-independence of the method; however, none of the analyzed software platforms appears to provide a distinct advantage for risk stratification, as the variability of CAC scores depending on the reconstruction interval persists across platforms.

Published
2012

26. South polar skuas from a single breeding population overwinter in different oceans though show similar migration patterns

Author

Osama Mustafa, Richard A. Phillips, Steffen Hahn, Markus S. Ritz, Hans-Ulrich Peter, Simeon Lisovski, and Matthias Kopp

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Shetland, education.field_of_study, Ecology, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, fungi, Population, Climate change, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, Annual cycle, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Biology and Microbiology, Geography, Catharacta maccormicki, biology.animal, Period (geology), 14. Life underwater, Seabird, education, Southern Hemisphere, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Seabirds in seasonal environments are often long-distance migrants and, for many spe-cies and populations, their ranges throughout the non-breeding period are unknown. As conditionsduring the non-breeding season often affect subsequent performance, the choice of migration strat-egy can have major implications for timing of breeding and success and, ultimately, populationdynamics. We tracked south polar skuas Catharacta maccormickifrom a single breeding populationat King George Island in the South Shetland Islands (Antarctica). Overall, 27 birds (69%) migrated tothe northern Atlantic (3 regions), 10 birds (26%) to the northern Pacific Ocean (2 regions), and 2 birdswintered in the southern hemisphere. Individuals tracked in consecutive non-breeding seasons chosethe same ocean for wintering. Despite migrating to different oceans, birds showed a similar figure-of-eight flight pattern and equivalent residency periods in the main wintering areas. In addition, 87% ofthe migrants used terminal stop-over sites off South America shortly before returning to the breedingsite. High diversity of migration patterns may buffer south polar skuas from climate change and otheranthropogenic threats.

Published
2011

27. On the origin of MADS-domain transcription factors

Author

Lydia Gramzow, Markus S. Ritz, and Günter Theißen

Subjects
Genetics, Whole genome sequencing, animal structures, Eukaryota, MADS Domain Proteins, TCF4, Biology, Homology (biology), DNA-Binding Proteins, Multicellular organism, DNA Topoisomerases, Type II, Antigens, Neoplasm, Gene Duplication, Gene duplication, Animals, Homeotic gene, Gene, Transcription factor
Abstract

MADS-domain transcription factors are involved in signal transduction and developmental control in plants, animals and fungi. Because their diversification is linked to the origin of novelties in multicellular eukaryotes, the early evolution of MADS-domain proteins is of interest, but has remained enigmatic. Employing whole genome sequence information and remote homology detection methods, we demonstrate that the MADS domain originated from a region of topoisomerases IIA subunit A. Furthermore, we provide evidence that gene duplication occurred in the lineage that led to the MRCA of extant eukaryotes, giving rise to SRF-like and MEF2-like MADS-box genes.

Published
2010

28. 'CSI-Effekt' in der deutschen Rechtsmedizin

Author

Susanne Keuneke, S. Ritz-Timme, and H. Graß

Subjects
Political science, Humanities, Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Abstract

Das Interesse deutscher Jugendlicher an der Rechtsmedizin als Berufsfeld hat merklich zugenommen. Angesichts des gleichzeitigen Booms von Fernsehserien wie CSI – Den Tatern auf der Spur stellt sich die Frage, ob zwischen den beiden Phanomenen ein Zusammenhang besteht und wie dieser einzuschatzen ist: Ist das berufliche Interesse an der Rechtsmedizin als Fehlleitung zu interpretieren oder bietet es Chancen fur die Nachwuchsgewinnung? Es wurden qualitative Interviews mit 27 jugendlichen Berufsinteressenten durchgefuhrt. Es ergaben sich deutliche Hinweise auf einen „CSI-Effekt“ im Sinne einer medieninduzierten beruflichen Orientierung zur Rechtsmedizin. Dabei lassen sich die Jugendlichen weniger von den Fernsehfiguren als von den medialen Einblicken in das Fach leiten, auf dessen wahrgenommene Verzerrung sie mit dem Wunsch nach einem Realitatsabgleich reagieren. Eine Typologie des beruflichen Interesses unterstreicht, dass die Erwartungen vieler Jugendlicher mit der Realitat der Rechtsmedizin korrespondieren durften und sich Informationsangebote zum Berufsfeld „Rechtsmedizin“ fur die Gewinnung motivierter Nachwuchskrafte durchaus lohnen.

Published
2010

29. Detection of Gamma-Ray Emission from the Starburst Galaxies M82 and NGC 253 with the Large Area Telescope on Fermi

Author

A. A. Abdo, M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, W. B. Atwood, M. Axelsson, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, E. D. Bloom, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, J. Bregeon, A. Brez, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, T. H. Burnett, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, P. A. Caraveo, J. M. Casandjian, E. Cavazzuti, C. Cecchi, Ö. Çelik, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, C. C. Cheung, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, C. D. Dermer, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, S. W. Digel, E. do Couto e Silva, P. S. Drell, A. Drlica-Wagner, R. Dubois, D. Dumora, C. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, W. B. Focke, L. Foschini, M. Frailis, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Gehrels, S. Germani, B. Giebels, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, I. A. Grenier, M.-H. Grondin, J. E. Grove, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, Y. Hanabata, A. K. Harding, M. Hayashida, E. Hays, R. E. Hughes, G. Jóhannesson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, W. N. Johnson, T. Kamae, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, N. Kawai, M. Kerr, J. Knödlseder, M. L. Kocian, M. Kuss, J. Lande, L. Latronico, M. Lemoine-Goumard, F. Longo, F. Loparco, B. Lott, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, G. M. Madejski, A. Makeev, M. N. Mazziotta, W. McConville, J. E. McEnery, C. Meurer, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, T. Nakamori, P. L. Nolan, J. P. Norris, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, M. Ozaki, D. Paneque, J. H. Panetta, D. Parent, V. Pelassa, M. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, T. A. Porter, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, T. Reposeur, S. Ritz, A. Y. Rodriguez, R. W. Romani, M. Roth, F. Ryde, H. F.-W. Sadrozinski, A. Sander, P. M. Saz Parkinson, J. D. Scargle, A. Sellerholm, C. Sgrò, M. S. Shaw, D. A. Smith, P. D. Smith, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, M. S. Strickman, A. W. Strong, D. J. Suson, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, D. J. Thompson, L. Tibaldo, O. Tibolla, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, A. Tramacere, Y. Uchiyama, T. L. Usher, V. Vasileiou, N. Vilchez, V. Vitale, A. P. Waite, P. Wang, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, T. Ylinen, M. Ziegler, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules (LPTA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fermi-LAT, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., Dermer, C. D., Angelis, A. d., Palma, F. d., Digel, S. W., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Drlica Wagner, A., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Foschini, L., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine Goumard, M., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcconville, W., Mcenery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Sellerholm, A., Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Strong, A. W., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], galaxies: individual: M82 NGC 253, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Fermi satellite, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, NGC 253), law.invention, Telescope, Spitzer Space Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, galaxies: individual (M82, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cosmic rays, galaxies: individual (M82, NGC 253), gamma rays: general, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Gamma ray, Sigma, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, cosmic rays, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract

著者人数：170名, Accepted: 2009-12-14, 資料番号: SA1000986000

Published
2010

30. Natural and sexual selection on male behaviour and morphology, and female choice in a wild field cricket population: spatial, temporal and analytical components

Author

Günter Köhler and Markus S. Ritz

Subjects
education.field_of_study, Natural selection, biology, Ecology, Directional selection, Population, biology.organism_classification, Field cricket, Mate choice, Animal ecology, Sexual selection, education, Path analysis (statistics), Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Demography
Abstract

We used multiple regression, path analysis and non-parametric selection surface visualisation to investigate natural and sexual selection and, in addition, cross-sectional female choice statistics to analyse female choice in a wild population of the field cricket Gryllus campestris L. in central Germany. Adults (167 males, 75 females) were individually marked and followed daily over the entire adult stage. Two morphological traits (pronotum width, body condition) and two behavioural traits (burrow occupation time, daily displacement) were measured for each male and used in selection analyses. Individuals mated multiply and male mating success was strongly right skewed with less than 6% of the population achieving 50% of the copulations. In males, analysis of natural selection in terms of lifespan revealed positive directional selection on burrow occupation time and stabilising selection on daily displacement. Analysis of sexual selection in term of mating success showed positive directional selection on pronotum width and lifespan. Path analysis confirmed the close association between natural and sexual selection and illustrated indirect effects of the behavioural variables on mating success via their effect on lifespan. Multiple regression analysis further indicated positive quadratic (disruptive) sexual selection on lifespan but the non-parametric cubic spline regression showed this to be an artefact of the quadratic approach. In fact, lifespan was under “threshold selection” i.e. it was not under selection below a threshold and under positive directional sexual selection above the threshold. A positive correlational selection gradient between lifespan and body condition revealed that a high body condition is advantageous among long-lived males. Female choice statistics showed that females chose large and heavy males in the beginning of the season only and that choosiness decreases with increasing distance to potential alternative mates. Our findings highlight the benefits of combining several analytical methods to uncover selection patterns and to avoid misinterpretations based on single methods.

Published
2009

31. Floral visitation and reproductive traits of Stamenoid petals, a naturally occurring floral homeotic variant of Capsella bursa-pastoris (Brassicaceae)

Author

Christian Abel, Giinter Theissen, Janine M. Ziermann, Matthias H. Hoffmann, Barbara Neuffer, Markus S. Ritz, and Steffen Hameister

Subjects
Time Factors, Genotype, Stamen, Flor, Germination, Flowers, Plant Science, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Botany, Genetics, Animals, Capsella, Pollination, biology, Diptera, Reproduction, fungi, Temperature, Genetic Variation, food and beverages, Brassicaceae, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Bees, biology.organism_classification, Coleoptera, Phenotype, Benzaldehydes, Fruit, Mutation, Seeds, Monoterpenes, Petal, Homeotic gene
Abstract

Homeotic changes played a considerable role during the evolution of flowers, but how floral homeotic mutants initially survive in nature has remained enigmatic. To better understand the evolutionary potential of floral homeotic mutants, we established as a model system Stamenoid petals (Spe), a natural variant of Capsella bursa-pastoris (Brassicaceae). In the flowers of Spe plants, petals are transformed into stamens, whereas all other floral organs are unaffected. In contrast with most other homeotic mutants, the Spe variant occurs in relatively stable populations in the wild. In order to determine how the profound change in floral architecture influences plant performance in the wild, we performed common garden experiments running over 3 years. Here, we show that Spe and wild-type plants attract the same assemblage of floral visitors: mainly hoverflies, wild bees and thrips. However, floral visitation is about twice as frequent in wild-type plants as in Spe plants. Nevertheless, the numbers of seeds per fruit were about the same in both variants. Wild-type plants produced more flowers, fruits and seeds per plant than Spe plants, whereas the germination capacity of Spe seeds was higher than that of the wild-type. Determination of volatile composition revealed monoterpenes and 3,4-dimethylbenzaldehyde, which were detected only in wild-type flowers, presumably because they are produced only by petals. Our data indicate that the similar fitness of Spe and wild-type C. bursa-pastoris in the field results from complex compensation between plant architecture and germination capacity. In contrast, flower structure and floral visitation are only of minor importance, possibly because C. bursa-pastoris is mainly self-pollinating.

Published
2009

32. Gefährlicher Flummi zum Selberbauen

Author

S. Ritz-Timme, B. Hartung, and M. Nordhaus

Subjects
Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Medicine, Surgery, business
Abstract

Die Innovationsfreudigkeit der Spielzeugindustrie ist nahezu grenzenlos. Doch mit neuen Spielzeugen gehen haufig auch neue Gefahren fur die Gesundheit von Kindern, insbesondere von Kleinkindern, einher. Ein aktuelles Beispiel sind die „Flummis zum Selberbauen“. Dabei handelt es sich um ein grell leuchtendes Granulat, das in Plastikformen nach Einbringen in Wasser aufquellen soll. Der entstehende „Flummi“ besitzt gute elastische Eigenschaften. Das Granulat konnte leicht als trinkbares Brausepulver verkannt werden. Daraus ergibt sich die Frage nach dem Gefahrdungspotenzial dieses Spielzeuges. Das potenzielle Verhalten des Flummigranulats nach oraler Aufnahme wurde unter angenahert physiologischen Bedingungen untersucht. Aufgrund der ausgepragten quellenden und starken adharenten Eigenschaften ist konkret die Gefahr eines Verschlusses des oberen Gastrointestinaltraktes gegeben. Bereits beim Verdacht auf ein Verschlucken dieses Granulates sollte umgehend eine weiterfuhrende Diagnostik eingeleitet werden. Da es sich nicht um rontgendichtes Material handelt, sind eine Sonographie oder eine Gastroskopie zu empfehlen. Auch eine fruhzeitige kinderchirurgische Vorstellung sollte erfolgen. Aktuell laufen mehrere Ruckrufaktionen des Spielzeuges; es ist allerdings damit zu rechnen, dass auf dem Markt der EU noch eine grose Menge dieses Produkts im Umlauf ist.

Published
2009

33. Detection of 16 gamma-ray pulsars through blind frequency searches using the Fermi LAT

Author

A. W. Borgland, W. B. Atwood, S. Germani, Grzegorz Madejski, Nicola Giglietto, A. P. Waite, Denis Bastieri, P. L. Nolan, A. De Luca, A. Reimer, M. N. Lovellette, Jeffrey D. Scargle, P. A. Caraveo, Persis S. Drell, C. Meurer, N. Kawai, R. A. Cameron, P. Fusco, Sylvain Guiriec, Francesco Longo, Carmelo Sgrò, Riccardo Rando, E. Hays, T. H. Burnett, Richard Dubois, Gino Tosti, R. E. Hughes, E. J. Siskind, Joel R. Primack, Claudia Cecchi, Johann Cohen-Tanugi, G.L. Godfrey, Nanda Rea, E. Nuss, P. Giommi, Matthew Kerr, S. J. Fegan, Takaaki Tanaka, Tadayuki Takahashi, W. Mitthumsiri, Paul S. Ray, David Paneque, M. Kuss, S. Rainò, M. S. Strickman, D. J. Thompson, Magnus Axelsson, V. Vasileiou, N. Vilchez, Jonathan F. Ormes, Kent S. Wood, Markus Ackermann, Jean Ballet, M. Lemoine-Goumard, Karen Watters, B. Lott, M. T. Wolff, C. Farnier, H. Tajima, M. Brigida, C. C. Cheung, T. Glanzman, A. Sander, R. Claus, F. Piron, Paul J. Wang, Stefano Ciprini, Jean-Luc Starck, J. M. Casandjian, G. A. Caliandro, A. Brez, Yasunobu Uchiyama, A. van Etten, J. P. Norris, T. Ylinen, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Morihiro Hayashida, Alice K. Harding, P. M. Saz Parkinson, A. Morselli, V. Vitale, A. Chekhtman, Tsunefumi Mizuno, David S. Smith, R. P. Johnson, T. Ohsugi, F. Gargano, Elliott D. Bloom, B. M. Baughman, Nicola Omodei, Luca Latronico, J. Bregeon, L. Guillemot, A. Y. Rodriguez, Brandon Anderson, M. Dormody, C. Monte, A. A. Abdo, E. Orlando, J. E. Grove, Yasushi Fukazawa, P. Spinelli, M. N. Mazziotta, F. Giordano, M. L. Kocian, Stefan Funk, T. A. Porter, Roger W. Romani, M.-H. Grondin, F. de Palma, J. G. Thayer, Seth Digel, Tyrel J. Johnson, A. Makeev, Dario Gasparrini, P. D. Smith, E. Do Couto E Silva, Brian L Winer, M. E. Monzani, P. Lubrano, Luca Baldini, Giovanni F. Bignami, H. F.W. Sadrozinski, Ronaldo Bellazzini, Emanuele Bonamente, M. Pierbattista, I. A. Grenier, Gudlaugur Johannesson, J. Lande, F. Loparco, M. Ziegler, Felix Ryde, A. De Angelis, Jürgen Knödlseder, Y. Hanabata, C. Favuzzi, Gloria Spandre, Guido Barbiellini, B. Giebels, Matthew G. Baring, A. Tramacere, S. Murgia, S. Ritz, Charles D. Dermer, D. Parent, Melissa Pesce-Rollins, O. Tibolla, D. J. Suson, B. Berenji, W. McConville, Pascal Bruel, W. N. Johnson, Peter F. Michelson, Hideaki Katagiri, T. Kamae, Igor V. Moskalenko, Olaf Reimer, Jan Conrad, Diego F. Torres, V. Pelassa, C. Gwon, Julie McEnery, Neil Gehrels, David Sánchez, Marco Ajello, L. Tibaldo, Jun Kataoka, Ö. Çelik, S. Cutini, M. Pepe, D. Dumora, James Chiang, Roger Blandford, M. Marelli, M. Razzano, L.S. Rochester, T. L. Usher, Keith Bechtol, T. Reposeur, Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Anderson, B., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bignami, G. F., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., Angelis, A. d., Luca, A. d., Palma, F. d., Digel, S. W., Dormody, M., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Gwon, C., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine Goumard, M., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Marelli, M., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcconville, W., Mcenery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce Rollins, M., Pierbattista, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Primack, J. R., Raino, S., Rando, R., Ray, P. S., Razzano, M., Rea, N., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Starck, J. L., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Etten, A. V., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Watters, K., Winer, B. L., Wolff, M. T., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules (LPTA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fermi-LAT, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Fermi satellite, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010306 general physics, Supernova remnant, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Pulsars, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Multidisciplinary, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Gamma ray, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Neutron star, Stars, Supernova, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, X-ray pulsar
Abstract

Pulsars are rapidly-rotating, highly-magnetized neutron stars emitting radiation across the electromagnetic spectrum. Although there are more than 1800 known radio pulsars, until recently, only seven were observed to pulse in gamma rays and these were all discovered at other wavelengths. The Fermi Large Area Telescope makes it possible to pinpoint neutron stars through their gamma-ray pulsations. We report the detection of 16 gamma-ray pulsars in blind frequency searches using the LAT. Most of these pulsars are coincident with previously unidentified gamma-ray sources, and many are associated with supernova remnants. Direct detection of gamma-ray pulsars enables studies of emission mechanisms, population statistics and the energetics of pulsar wind nebulae and supernova remnants., Comment: Corresponding authors: Michael Dormody, Paul S. Ray, Pablo M. Saz Parkinson, Marcus Ziegler

Published
2009

34. Detection of high-energy gamma-ray emission from the globular cluster 47 Tucanae with Fermi

Author

I. A. Grenier, Marco Ajello, Francesco Longo, J. B. Thayer, T. H. Burnett, M. Ziegler, A. Sander, N. Kawai, Yasunobu Uchiyama, L. Tibaldo, V. Vasileiou, Kent S. Wood, C. Meurer, Luca Latronico, P. Wang, Hartmut Sadrozinski, Gloria Spandre, Denis Bastieri, N.A. Webb, Alessandro Brez, Gino Tosti, C. C. Cheung, Igor V. Moskalenko, Luca Baldini, R. E. Hughes, Emanuele Bonamente, A. Chekhtman, T. L. Usher, J. Lande, Sylvain Guiriec, Olaf Reimer, D. Horan, Jean Ballet, A. Y. Rodriguez, V. Pelassa, M. Pierbattista, R. Dubois, J. M. Casandjian, P. L. Nolan, L. Guillemot, D. J. Thompson, W. B. Focke, Stefano Ciprini, C. Farnier, B. M. Baughman, Diego F. Torres, P. Spinelli, P. D. Smith, C. Favuzzi, M. Razzano, S. Rainò, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Eric Charles, P. M. Saz Parkinson, C. Monte, T. Ohsugi, D. Parent, S. Murgia, B. Lott, Julie McEnery, Neil Gehrels, Hiromitsu Takahashi, David Sánchez, Elliott D. Bloom, W. B. Atwood, D. J. Suson, F. Piron, Pascal Bruel, Ö. Çelik, A. S. Johnson, S. Cutini, Francesco Giordano, T. Kamae, T. Glanzman, Nicola Giglietto, Jürgen Knödlseder, Nicola Omodei, M. Pepe, W. N. Johnson, W. McConville, Claudia Cecchi, Y. Hanabata, Randall P. Johnson, Carmelo Sgrò, Riccardo Rando, Alice K. Harding, Dario Gasparrini, Peter F. Michelson, M. N. Mazziotta, J. G. Thayer, A. Tramacere, James Chiang, A. A. Abdo, E. Orlando, P. Lubrano, B. Giebels, F. Gargano, Roger Blandford, Roger W. Romani, E. Nuss, G. Godfrey, Sylvain Chaty, M. N. Lovellette, Jean-Luc Starck, T. Reposeur, P. A. Caraveo, J. E. Grove, David Paneque, Takaaki Tanaka, D. Dumora, J. P. Norris, Hideaki Katagiri, A. Morselli, Persis S. Drell, Yasushi Fukazawa, Johann Cohen-Tanugi, Nanda Rea, A. W. Borgland, M. Kuss, J. F. Ormes, M. S. Strickman, V. Vitale, M. Roth, J. Bregeon, E. Hays, Seth Digel, M. Brigida, F. de Palma, F. Kuehn, E. Do Couto E Silva, T. Ylinen, J. H. Panetta, Magnus Axelsson, M. Lemoine-Goumard, Brian L Winer, N. Vilchez, Hiroyasu Tajima, Tyrel J. Johnson, T. A. Porter, Jan Conrad, Markus Ackermann, R. A. Cameron, Morihiro Hayashida, A. A. Moiseev, Keith Bechtol, M. Dormody, R. Claus, P. Fusco, F. Loparco, Gudlaugur Johannesson, A. Makeev, W. Mitthumsiri, Matthew Kerr, Felix Ryde, M. E. Monzani, G. A. Caliandro, S. J. Fegan, Guido Barbiellini, M. Frailis, L. S. Rochester, B. Berenji, Ronaldo Bellazzini, S. Ritz, Charles D. Dermer, David Smith, S. Germani, A. Reimer, Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Charles, E., Chaty, S., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., Palma, F. d., Digel, S. W., Dormody, M., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine Goumard, M., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcconville, W., Mcenery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pierbattista, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Rea, N., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Sgro, C., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Starck, J. L., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Wang, P., Webb, N., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules (LPTA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, Fermi satellite, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Globular Clusters, Luminosity, Pulsar, Millisecond pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Neutron star, Star cluster, Globular cluster, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract

Gamma-Ray Pulsar Bonanza Most of the pulsars we know about were detected through their radio emission; a few are known to pulse gamma rays but were first detected at other wavelengths (see the Perspective by Halpern ). Using the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope, Abdo et al. (p. 840 , published online 2 July; see the cover) report the detection of 16 previously unknown pulsars based on their gamma-ray emission alone. Thirteen of these coincide with previously unidentified gamma-ray sources, solving the 30-year-old mystery of their identities. Pulsars are fast-rotating neutron stars. With time they slow down and cease to radiate; however, if they are in a binary system, they can have their spin rates increased by mass transfer from their companion stars, starting a new life as millisecond pulsars. In another study, Abdo et al. (p. 845 ) report the detection of gamma-ray emission from the globular cluster 47 Tucanae, which is coming from an ensemble of millisecond pulsars in the cluster's core. The data imply that there are up to 60 millisecond pulsars in 47 Tucanae, twice as many as predicted by radio observations. In a further companion study, Abdo et al. (p. 848 , published online 2 July) searched Fermi Large Area Telescope data for pulsations from all known millisecond pulsars outside of stellar clusters, finding gamma-ray pulsations for eight of them. Their properties resemble those of other gamma-ray pulsars, suggesting that they share the same basic emission mechanism. Indeed, both sets of pulsars favor emission models in which the gamma rays are produced in the outer magnetosphere of the neutron star.

Published
2009

35. Phonon Transport and Thermoelectricity in Silicon Nanostructures

Author

Max G. Lagally, Levente Klein, C. S. Ritz, Hendrik F. Hamann, Mark A. Eriksson, and Hyuk Ju Ryu

Subjects
Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Phonon, Thermoelectric effect, Silicon nanostructures
Abstract

We present both experimental results and a compact model on nanoscale thermal transport in the vicinity of a hot spot in silicon. Effective-local-temperature measurements on the nanoscale are influenced by localized heating effect and a thermal interface resistance, as well as by the spreading resistance in silicon. Ballistic phonon transport is observed for nanoheaters where the interface thermal resistance contribution can be minimized. Thermoelectricity in silicon nanostructures is investigated as a possible route to convert thermal energy into electricity.

Published
2008

36. Engineering SiGe Growth Using Mechanically Responsive Ultrathin Substrates

Author

H.-J. Kim-Lee, Donald E. Savage, C. S. Ritz, Kevin T. Turner, and Max G. Lagally

Subjects
Materials science, Nanotechnology
Abstract

A new approach to SiGe island ordering on mechanically responsive silicon nanomembranes (SiNMs) is examined using mechanics modeling. Double-sided deposition on freestanding substrates results in ordered islands on both surfaces. This ordering occurs because the extreme thinness of the SiNM allows islands on one surface to create significant strain fields, which guide the nucleation of subsequent islands, on the opposite surface. The locations of nucleation sites predicted by the modeling agree with experimental observations of SiGe islands grown on silicon nanomembranes. The modeling shows that the island location and the strength of ordering can be controlled by manipulating the thickness of the membrane.

Published
2008

37. Marine foraging and annual fish consumption of a south polar Skua population in the maritime Antarctic

Author

Markus S. Ritz, Steffen Hahn, Klaus Reinhardt, and Plant Animal Interactions - Animal Ecology

Subjects
education.field_of_study, Ecology, Foraging, Population, Pelagic zone, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Skua, Predation, Fishery, Dry weight, Catharacta maccormicki, Breeding pair, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, education
Abstract

Pelagic fish are an important component of Antarctic food webs but few quantitative data exist on energy transfer from fish to seabirds for the Seasonal Pack-ice Zone. We studied a local population of south polar, skuas Catharacta maccormicki during a whole breeding cycle and estimated its entire annual food consumption. The lengths of foraging trips suggested that skuas foraged in an area of 817 km2 of coastal waters around the breeding site. Their fish prey consisted almost entirely of two pelagic species, Electrona antarctica and Pleuragramma antarcticum, with individual mean energy contents of 28.62 and 30.26 kJ/g dry weight and body masses of 4.6 and 10.9 g, respectively. Total energy budget estimates of the entire south polar skua population resulted in 3 and 5 tons of pelagic fish caught per season (1994 and 2001, respectively), wherein a single breeding pair raising two chicks requires approximately 115.7 kg E. antarctica and 24.4 kg P. antarcticum. Our study suggests that the pelagic fish in coastal areas are highly important for surface feeding seabirds in the maritime Antarctic.

Published
2008

38. Male behaviour over the season in a wild population of the field cricket Gryllus campestris L

Author

Günter Köhler and Markus S. Ritz

Subjects
education.field_of_study, Ecology, Population size, Population, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Burrow, Field cricket, Animal science, Mate choice, Insect Science, Sexual selection, Adult stage, education, Gryllus campestris
Abstract

1. Cricket model systems have greatly enhanced our knowledge about mate choice and sexual selection. However, no studies exist that take seasonal dynamics into account and that follow individual males over the complete adult stage in the wild. In the present study, all adult field crickets (Gryllus campestris L.) were individually marked and measured in a population in central Germany and their behaviour was followed over their life from May to July 2000. 2. The population reached a maximum of 108 males within 10 days and continuously declined thereafter. Daily mortality was positively correlated with burrow-changing activity, which was highest at high mean temperatures. Median burrow occupation time was short at 1 day but males stayed up to 34 days in one burrow. Heavy males stayed longer in burrows and achieved a higher age. 3. Male displacement was on average 2.8 m per day and up to 284 m during their life. Displacement and lifespan were negatively correlated. 4. Burrows were highly aggregated at the meadow in areas of vegetation cover

Published
2007

39. Complementary Single-Crystal Silicon TFTs on Plastic

Author

Zhenqiang Ma, Max G. Lagally, C. S. Ritz, George K. Celler, Donald E. Savage, and Hao-Chih Yuan

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Optoelectronics, Single crystal silicon, business
Abstract

This paper reports the first demonstration of both n- and p-type thin-film transistors (TFTs) on flexible plastic substrate using single-crystal Si (110) surface-oriented nanomembrane as active layer. The Si (110) nanomembrane of 190-nm thickness is derived from UNIBOND® silicon-on-insulator (SOI) fabricated by hybrid orientation technology (HOT) and transferred to flexible plastic substrate followed by a low-temperature (< 120 ºC) device process. Good device performance has been achieved under so far not-perfected device processing conditions, which includes field-effect mobility of around 95 and 45 cm2/V-sec on the linear region for the n- and p-type Si (110) TFTs, respectively, and device current ON/OFF ratio better than 10000 for both types of TFTs.

Published
2007

40. Ordered Lattices of Quantum Dots on Ultrathin SOI Nanomembranes

Author

Frank S. Flack, Donald E. Savage, Paul G. Evans, Douglas M. Detert, Zhonghou Cai, Max G. Lagally, and C. S. Ritz

Subjects
Physics, Condensed matter physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Quantum dot, Quantum mechanics, Silicon on insulator, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Computer Science::Other
Abstract

Undercut or fully released silicon template layers of ultrathin silicon-on-insulator are structurally compliant and allow long- range mechanical interactions that are impossible on supported SOI, thick SOI, or on bulk surfaces. SiGe quantum dots create and respond to strain in these freestanding Si substrates. We show that elastic effects lead to long-range order in the positions of quantum dots grown on both sides of a free- standing thin SOI substrate. A statistical analysis of the distribution of quantum dots shows that the ordered lattice of dots is coherent over distances of at least several hundred of nanometers. X-ray microdiffraction probes the structure of the SOI and finds that curvature in the Si lattice is consistent with the proposed deformation of the substrate by quantum dots.

Published
2007

41. Oceanographic and climatic factors differentially affect reproduction performance of Antarctic skuas

Author

Markus S. Ritz, Hans-Ulrich Peter, Steffen Hahn, Diego Montalti, Tim Janicke, Klaus Reinhardt, and Plant Animal Interactions - Animal Ecology

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, biology, media_common.quotation_subject, Foraging, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, Skua, Food web, Sea surface temperature, Brown skua, Catharacta maccormicki, Sea ice, Reproduction, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, media_common
Abstract

We studied how environmental conditions affect reproduction in sympatric skua species that differ in their reliance on marine resources: the exclusively marine foraging south polar skua Catharacta maccormicki, the terrestrially foraging brown skua C. antarctica lonnbergi and mixed species pairs with an intermediate diet. Egg size, clutch asymmetry and hatching dates varied between species and years without consistent patterns. In the south polar skuas, 12 to 38% of the variation in these parameters was explained by sea surface temperature, sea ice cover and local weather. In mixed species pairs and brown skuas, the influence of environmental factors on variation in clutch asymmetry and hatching date decreased to 10-29%, and no effect on egg size was found. Annual variation in offspring growth performance also differed between species with variable growth in chicks of south polar skuas and mixed species pairs, and almost uniform growth in brown skuas. Additionally, the dependency on oceanographic and climatic factors, especially local wind conditions, decreased from south polar skuas to brown skua chicks. Consistent in all species, off- spring were more sensitive to environmental conditions during early stages; during the late chick stage (>33 d) chick growth was almost independent of environmental conditions. The net breeding success could not be predicted by any environmental factor in any skua species, suggesting it may not be a sensitive indicator of environmental conditions. Hence, the sensitivity of skuas to environ- mental conditions varied between species, with south polar skuas being more sensitive than brown skuas, and between breeding periods, with the egg parameters being more susceptible to oceano- graphic conditions. However, during offspring development, local climatic conditions became more important. We conclude that future climate change in the Maritime Antarctic will affect reproduction of skuas more strongly through changes in sea ice cover and sea surface temperature (and the result- ing alterations to the marine food web) than through local weather conditions.

Published
2007

42. Sex-specific mass loss in chick-rearing South Polar Skuas Stercorarius maccormicki- stress induced or adaptive?

Author

Markus S. Ritz

Subjects
Energy demand, Ecology, Stress induced, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Sex specific, Nest, Catharacta maccormicki, Food supply, Breeding pair, Animal Science and Zoology, Adaptation, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Demography
Abstract

Mass loss of chick-rearing birds can be the direct consequence of physiological stress (reproductive stress hypothesis) or an adaptive mass adjustment in response to the increased demands on flight efficiency during the flight-intensive chick-rearing period (adaptive mass loss hypothesis). To test which of these hypotheses best explains mass loss in South Polar Skuas Stercorarius maccormicki rearing chicks, a food supplementation experiment was carried out in the austral summer 2000/01 at King George Island, Antarctica. Half of the breeding pairs were fed about 20% of the chick's daily energy demand every second day and chick growth and adult nest attendance were recorded. Parents were caught at the start and the end of chick-rearing to calculate adult mass loss. Male parents of food-supplemented pairs attended their nest territories more than control males but females kept their attendance constant. Chick growth was only minimally affected and the treatment probably had no fitness consequences. Male Skuas in control pairs had a higher deviation from the body size-mass regression at the end of chick-rearing compared with the start, supporting the stress hypothesis, whereas female deviation remained unchanged. Males of food-supplemented pairs were heavier than unsupplemented males at the end of the breeding cycle but not significantly so. Food-supplemented females were lighter at the end, supporting the adaptive mass loss hypothesis. Adult mass loss is thus best explained by the reproductive stress hypothesis in males but by the adaptive mass loss hypothesis in females. However, the two hypotheses are not mutually exclusive and the results do not exclude the possibility that mass loss in females is stress-induced but the amount of mass lost is an adaptive adjustment to the reliability of the food supply. The finding that members of a breeding pair may follow different strategies of mass adjustment has implications for the use of mass loss as an index of parental effort. Without knowing which strategy each sex has adopted it is of little use to compare mass loss between parents.

Published
2006

43. Pelvic excision of large aggressive angiomyxoma in a woman: irradiation for recurrent disease

Author

C Duc, S Ritz, S Bieri, and M Suleiman

Subjects
Reoperation, Angiomyofibroblastoma, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Perineum, Aggressive angiomyxoma, medicine, Humans, Pelvic Neoplasms, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Retroperitoneal Neoplasms, Pelvis, business.industry, Myxoma, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Radiation therapy, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, Buttocks, Female, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Angiomyxoma, business
Abstract

Aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) is a rare tumor that preferentially involves the pelvis and perineal regions and arises from the connective tissue. Its cause and pathogenesis are unknown at present. Treatment typically involves surgery, and despite apparently complete resection, local recurrences are common. We describe a case of a large angiomyxoma of the left pelvis in a 59-year-old woman who underwent two surgical excisions. The first had been done in May 1998. She developed a local recurrence in December 1998. A palliative resection with macroscopic residuals was performed in February 2001, followed by radiation therapy with a total dose of 60 Gy. The diagnosis was revised at the time of the second operation. Initially, the tumor was diagnosed as angiomyofibroblastoma. Follow-up 3 years after the radiation treatment revealed no recurrence. The time of the local control achieved as yet is already longer than the former time to progression between the first two surgical procedures. This is, to our knowledge, the second description of a therapeutic irradiation of a recurrent AAM. Radiation therapy is able to control a recurrent AAM for at least 3 years.

Published
2006

44. Hybridisation between South polar skua (Catharacta maccormicki) and Brown skua (C. antarctica lonnbergi) in the Antarctic Peninsula region

Author

Markus S. Ritz, Steffen Hahn, Hans-Ulrich Peter, and Tim Janicke

Subjects
Morphometrics, geography, education.field_of_study, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Population, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Skua, Brown skua, Hybrid zone, Catharacta maccormicki, Peninsula, Archipelago, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, education
Abstract

Hybridisation between South polar skua (C. maccormicki) and Brown skua (C. antarctica lonnbergi )i n the area of the Antarctic Peninsula is known at least since the beginning of the last century but no survey has been done so far. This paper reviews information on the species composition of skua colonies of more than 10 pairs in the Antarctic Peninsula region, and the incidence of mixed pairs. Morphometrics, population size and breeding suc- cess were examined in detail at King George Island. The northward distribution of South polar skuas extended to King George Island (62� 11¢ S5 9� 00¢ W), with a small outlying population on Signy Island (60� 45¢ S4 5� 36¢ W), whereas Brown skuas did not breed further south than Anvers Island archipelago (64� 46¢ S6 4� 03¢ W). The proportion of mixed pairs was highest at the northern end of the 500-km-wide hybrid zone. Body size distribution of sympatric skuas from King George Island is clearly bimodal but overlaps considerably and hybrids cannot be identified. Skua population sizes at Potter Peninsula/King George Island remained stable between 1994 and 2004. Numbers of mixed breeding pairs fluctuated more strongly than those of pure species pairs. Breeding success of Brown skuas varied the least.

Published
2005

45. Factors affecting chick growth in the South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki): food supply, weather and hatching date

Author

Hans-Ulrich Peter, Steffen Hahn, and Markus S. Ritz

Subjects
Shetland, education.field_of_study, animal structures, biology, Hatching, Ecology, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Zoology, Pelagic zone, biology.organism_classification, Skua, Catharacta maccormicki, biology.animal, embryonic structures, Seabird, Reproduction, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, education, media_common
Abstract

This study investigated chick growth in a pelagic Antarctic seabird, the South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki). The factors food supply, weather and hatching date were analysed in a population of 54 breeding pairs at King George Island/South Shetland Islands. Food supply was manipulated by offering fish corresponding to 20% of daily energy demand of chicks to half of the breeding pairs every second day. Growth of mass, head, wing and tarsus was followed and related to the treatment, weather conditions, hatching date and interactive effects. Food supply did not limit chick growth in the studied season. Parents seemed to try to feed their chicks at a maximum rate and succeeded in the studied season because the general food supply was very good. Low temperatures and strong winds depressed chick growth. A growth advantage of food-supplemented chicks could be observed when the natural conditions for chick growth were sub-optimal. Chick growth rate was strongly negatively associated with hatching date and worsening weather during the reproductive season could be excluded as explanatory variable for this finding.

Published
2005

46. Berichte

Author

S. Ritz-Timme, H.-J. Kaatsch, B. Marré, W. Reisinger, T. Riepert, F. W. Rösing, K. Rötzscher, A. Schmeling, G. Geserick, Christine Scheffler, Manuela Dittmar, and H. Walter

Subjects
Anthropology, Animal Science and Zoology, General Medicine, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Published
2002

47. Biochemische Altersschätzung Zur Frage genetischer und soziokultureller (ethnischer) Einflüsse auf die Razemisierung von Asparaginsäure in Dentin

Author

S. Ritz-Timme, H.-J. Ritz, G. Rochholz, and R. Stammert

Subjects
Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, Political science, medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Abstract

Altersschatzungen mussen immer haufiger an Individuen durchgefuhrt werden, die in ihrer biologischen und soziokulturellen Herkunft nicht der Population entsprechen, an dem das Referenzmaterial erhoben wurde. Bei der biochemischen Altersschatzung aufgrund des Razemisierungsgrades von Asparaginsaure in Dentin waren genetische bzw. soziokulturell bedingte Einflusse als Fehlerquellen theoretisch denkbar, wenn dadurch Variationen der Proteinkomposition des Dentins bedingt wurden. Zur Klarung der Frage, ob solche Einflusse tatsachlich zu berucksichtigen sind, wurden Zahne von turkischen und deutschen Individuen mit bekanntem Alter im unmittelbaren Vergleich untersucht. Die Beziehung zwischen dem Razemisierungsgrad von Asparaginsaure in Dentin und dem Dentinalter war in den untersuchten Kollektiven gleich. Auch unter Berucksichtigung der einschlagigen Literatur ergibt sich derzeit kein Anhaltspunkt dafur, dass genetische bzw. soziokulturelle Einflusse auf die Dentinproteinkomposition bei der biochemischen Altersschatzung berucksichtigt werden mussen.

Published
2002

48. Gamma-ray Large-Area Space Telescope (GLAST) balloon flight engineering model: overview

Author

D.J. Thompson, G. Godfrey, S.M. Williams, J.E. Grove, T. Mizuno, H.F.-W. Sadrozinski, T. Kamae, J. Ampe, S. Briber, J. Dann, E. do Couto e Silva, R. Dubois, Y. Fukazawa, B. Giebels, G. Haller, T. Handa, R.C. Hartman, K. Hirano, M. Hirayama, R.P. Johnson, W.N. Johnson, A. Kavelaars, H. Kelly, S. Kliewer, T. Kotani, J. Krizmanic, W. Kroeger, M. Kuss, D. Lauben, T. Linder, M. Lovellette, N. Lumb, J. Manildi, P. Michelson, H. Mizushima, A. Moiseev, P.L. Nolan, S. Ogata, J.F. Ormes, M. Ozaki, G. Paliaga, B.F. Phlips, S. Ritz, L.S. Rochester, F.M. Roterman, W.A. Rowe, J.J. Russell, R. Schaefer, T. Schalk, D. Sheppard, S. Singh, M. Sjogren, G. Spandre, T. Usher, P. Valtersson, A.P. Waite, J. Wallace, A. Webster, D. Wood, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Astronomie du LESIA, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Calorimeter (particle physics), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Scintillator, Data processing system, law.invention, Telescope, Data acquisition, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Spitzer Space Telescope, law, Orbit (dynamics), Satellite, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Aerospace engineering, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], business
Abstract

The Gamma Ray Large Area Space Telescope (GLAST) Large Area Telescope (LAT) is a pair-production high-energy (>20 MeV) gamma-ray telescope being built by an international partnership of astrophysicists and particle physicists for a satellite launch in 2006, designed to study a wide variety of high-energy astrophysical phenomena. As part of the development effort, the collaboration has built a Balloon Flight Engineering Model (BFEM) for flight on a high-altitude scientific balloon. The BFEM is approximately the size of one of the 16 GLAST-LAT towers and contains all the components of the full instrument: plastic scintillator anticoincidence system (ACD), high-Z foil/Si strip pair-conversion tracker (TKR), CsI hodoscopic calorimeter (CAL), triggering and data acquisition electronics (DAQ), commanding system, power distribution, telemetry, real-time data display, and ground data processing system. The principal goal of the balloon flight was to demonstrate the performance of this instrument configuration under conditions similar to those expected in orbit. Results from a balloon flight from Palestine, Texas, on August 4, 2001, show that the BFEM successfully obtained gamma-ray data in this high-background environment., To be published in IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Vol 49 Replacement to include an author who was omitted

Published
2002

49. The role of the male's cerci in copulation and mate guarding in decorated crickets ( Gryllodes sigillatus )

Author

Markus S. Ritz and Scott K. Sakaluk

Subjects
Appendage, Mate guarding, media_common.quotation_subject, Zoology, Anatomy, Biology, cricket, cricket.player, Tactile stimuli, Courtship, Spermatophore, Animal Science and Zoology, Gryllodes sigillatus, Mating, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, media_common
Abstract

Cerci are paired, sensory appendages extending from the terminal abdominal segment of crickets. While the cerci are acutely sensitive to air currents and thereby function in the detection of potential predators, they are also known to play a role in co-ordinating movements of males and females during copulation. The role of the male's cerci at four stages of the mating sequence (courtship, copulation, mate guarding and spermatophore removal) was examined by experimentally removing the cerci of male decorated crickets Gryllodes sigillatus and comparing their mating success with that of control males. The mating success of cercectomized males was significantly reduced relative to control males, primarily because of their greater inability to induce females to mount. Even when they succeeded in securing an initial mount, cercectomized males took significantly longer to transfer a spermatophore than did control males. Cercectomy had no influence on the efficacy of post-copulatory mate guarding by males, nor did females discriminate against cercectomized males by removing their spermatophores sooner than those of control males. We conclude that the primary function of the male's cerci in sexual interactions in G. sigillatus is to provide tactile stimuli to females that either elicit or guide their mounting response.

Published
2002

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