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A ternary nanocomposite was prepared using cerium oxide, chitosan, and graphene oxide (CeO2/CS/GO) using a simple and cost-effective wet chemical method. The physicochemical properties of the developed ternary nanocomposite were examined using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Furthermore, the therapeutic behavior of the developed CeO2/CS/GO composite was assessed using anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and anti-cancer assays. For Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella species, 750 µg/mL of the CeO2/CS/GO composite showed effective anti-bacterial activity, with a zone of inhibition of 9 mm. Additionally, the CeO2/CS/GO composite’s anti-fungal activity against Aspergillus niger was studied. The anti-cancer properties of different concentrations of the CeO2/CS/GO composite were assessed on MCF-7 cells, and 18.8% of cells were found to be viable at the maximum concentration of 1000 µg/mL CeO2/CS/GO and 46.37% at 125 µg/mL. The results of the hemolysis assay performed using human red blood cells and various concentrations of the CeO2/CS/GO composite indicated that the nanocomposite possesses biological properties. Overall, it can act as a therapeutic platform for breast cancer, bacterial and fungal infections.

Introduction: Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a significant public health issue in India, where alcohol consumption is discouraged but often practiced excessively. In our country, with an emphasis on the family system, the spouses of individuals with alcohol dependence are also affected in many ways. The patients and their spouses are bound to affect each other, as spouses are usually the primary caregivers. Aim: To study the impact of AUD on the spouses of affected individuals, focusing on perceived stress, depression and anxiety. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 spouses of patients with AUD who visited the Psychiatry Outpatient Department (OPD) the Department of Psychiatry, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, a tertiary hospital in the Chennai suburban area over a period of two months. Data were collected between November 2021 and December 2021 using a socio-demographic proforma to record age, education, employment and the ages of children, among other factors. Assessment tools used included the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) for assessing depression, anxiety and stress, respectively. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 software. Independent t-tests and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used for comparison. Results: The average age of the participants was 42.1±11.7 years, with moderate variability. Most participants were educated (81%), employed (84%) and residing in nuclear families (76%). The study revealed moderate levels of perceived stress (24.2), variable anxiety (19.2) and varying degrees of depression (16.4) among the spouses. Employed individuals had significantly lower anxiety and depression scores compared to non employed individuals. The correlations indicated positive associations between stress, anxiety and depression. Anxiety was positively correlated with the ages of male children (r=0.244, p=0.016) and female children (r=0.363, p=0.002). Similarly, depression was correlated with the ages of male children (r=0.258, p=0.011) and female children (r=0.292, p=0.014). Conclusion: The present study underscores the substantial impact of AUD on spouses, highlighting notable levels of stress, anxiety and depression. Employment status has emerged as a crucial factor influencing mental health outcomes.

Introduction: Nitric oxide (NO), a free radical, acts as a signalling molecule affecting numerous physiological and pathological processes. Role of nitric oxide as a mediator in tobacco related habits and the resultant oral lichenoid reactions was assessed. Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate and compare the salivary nitric oxide levels in normal patients with that of smokers, tobacco chewers and patients with oral lichenoid reactions. Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty patients were enrolled in the study which included 30 healthy patients without any chronic inflammatory lesion and habit as controls (group I), 30 smokers without the habit of tobacco/betel nut chewing and any oral lesion (group II), 30 tobacco chewers without the habit of smoking and any oral lesion (group III) and 30 histologically confirmed cases of oral lichenoid reaction with the habit of tobacco usage (group IV). Saliva from these patients was collected and the nitrite concentration was assessed. Results: Our results concluded that there was highly significant increase in the nitric oxide levels in smokers, tobacco chewers and patients with oral lichenoid reactions compared to that of controls. Also, there was a significant increase in nitric oxide levels in patients with smoking associated oral lichenoid reactions in comparison with smokers and in patients with lichenoid reactions associated with tobacco chewing in comparison with tobacco chewers. Conclusion: Estimation of salivary nitric oxide levels is a simple, non-invasive procedure and could be analysed to suggest the role of nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of these lesions. The increased activity of the enzyme may indicate that nitric oxide has a pathophysiological role in these lesions.

Healthcare management, it involves various processes such as managing finance, logistics, inventory, staff, and patients. Nowadays, a healthcare system also faces many challenges regarding trust, privacy, security, traceability, immutability, and so forth. Here, the traditional data collection and processing of Electronic Health Records is a centralized technique that faces several risks that may cause system failure and affect the system's reliability. This article aims to develop secured data management in the healthcare sector using blockchain technology and deep learning. Here, the data is collected in the patient node and encrypting the data by Hybrid Elliptic Curve-Rivest–Shamir–Adleman Cryptography (H-EC-RSAC). The institution nodes handle the data for analysis, in which the concept of an improved deep neural network (DNN) is utilized. In addition, the blockchain sector stores the index and address of health data. The modification is done in both H-EC-RSAC and improved DNN by a hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm called adaptive mixture ratio-based Spider Monkey–Cat Swarm Optimization (AM-SMCSO) for enhancing encryption and authentication performance. Throughout the analysis, the accuracy of the AM-SMCSO-H-EC-RSAC + DNN attains 93.8%. The precision of the designed method achieves 93.2%. The developed approach proves its ability to offer maximum security to healthcare data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we have reported an eco-friendly, very simple, in-situ method for the synthesis of silver-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite (Ag-rGO) by using ascorbic acid and chitosan as stabilizing and reducing agents. Chitosan is a naturally occurring polysaccharide polymer with excellent adhesion properties which allows the binding of silver ions to the chitosan matrix, thereby reducing it. The addition of chitosan-stabilized silver nanoparticles to rGO increases its mechanical properties, yielding a nanocomposite. The catalytic activity of the synthesized silver-rGO nanocomposite for the reduction of p-nitrophenol is examined. The Ag-rGO exhibits good catalytic activity for the reduction of p-nitrophenol within a very short duration of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Insulin edema is a rare complication that can occur following either initiation or intensification of insulin treatment in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). It is an under reported condition. Awareness of this complication among physicians is important for early identification of this condition, and prompt initiation of treatment. Clinical Description: We present an 11-year-old girl with 2-month history of weight loss and 1-month history of polyuria and polydipsia who presented to us in moderate diabetic ketoacidosis. She developed anasarca and pulmonary edema 3 days after starting insulin. She also developed transaminitis a serum serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase of 81 U/L and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase of 83 U/L. A diagnosis of insulin edema was established after ruling out other causes like severe anemia, renal, cardiac and allergic causes. We also present a brief review of seven similar cases that we identified on a literature search. Management and Outcome: This included salt and fluid restriction along with diuretics. Edema resoled after 4 days of treatment, while transaminitis took 7 days to normalize. Conclusion: This case report highlights the importance of early recognition of the rare complication of insulin edema which can avoid unnecessary anxiety on the part of both treating physicians and parents of patients with Type 1 DM.

Spindle cell lesions of breast pose diverse morphological patterns which can turn out to be reactive, benign and malignant tumours with overlapping features. Differential diagnosis are wide. It is challenging to the pathologist due to its rarity. The origin of spindle cell lesions of the breast is highly variable and represents multiple lineages. Hereby authors report a case of a 56-year-old female presented to the Outpatient Department with left breast swelling. Mammogram showed hypoechoic ill-defined irregular lesion. On imaging findings, evolving abcess and neoplastic were considered as probable diagnosis. On histopathological examination, the lesion showed bland spindle cells arranged in short fascicles and and in diffuse pattern. The lesion was diagnosed as spindle cell lesion. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of fibromatosis. The standard treatment of wide local excision with adequate safety margins was done. Postoperative period was uneventful. On two years follow-up, the patient had no recurrence. While being very rare at this site, the lesion has locally aggressive behaviour with high recurrence rate.

Aim: The main purpose of the study was to learn the possible shade differences between human eye and the digital method with spectrophotometric methods. Materials and Methods: Fifty dental students of age groups 18–25 with maxillary right central incisor after undergoing oral prophylaxis were included in this study. Before undergoing shade selection, standardization protocol was followed. The shade of the right maxillary central incisor was determined by using the following methods: visual, spectrophotometer, and digital photography. The shades obtained by both spectrophotometer and visual methods are compared and similarly LFNx01, aFNx01, and bFNx01 values obtained by both spectrophotometer and digital methods are compared. Finally these comparisons are subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Z and P values of digital and spectrophotometric methods were found to be statistically significant. Tooth shade selected between spectrophotometric and visual method was analyzed by using chi-square test, which shows highly significant value. Conclusion: It was concluded that the digital photography can be used as one of the reliable methods for shade selection in a clinical setup.

Gibberellic acid (GA3) is the one of the plant growth regulator which helps plants tolerate salt competently and diminishes the effects of salt stress. The present investigation was done to determine the effect of GA3 on two different Nacl concentrations on seed germination and physiological limits of four fabaceae seeds: Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth., Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf., Cassia fistula L., and Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr. Experimentation was directed as a factorial with a completely randomised block design with three replicates. Salinity at two levels (50 mM and 100 mM NaCl) and hormone (GA3 at 150ppm versus no GA3 were the experimental conditions. Therefore, when the salt level was 50 mM NaCl, priming the seeds of these tree seeds with 150 ppm GA3 suggestively increased germination percentage, declined mean germination time, improved physiological parameters of the seeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]