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The most extended form of a fuzzy set called the Bipolar Linear Diophantine Fuzzy Hypersoft Set is implemented with some basic operations. This is an extraordinary technique for handling uncertainty because it has a choice of reference parameters with auxiliary attributes. A widely used operator named Einstein aggregation operators was developed in our proposed context. This new operator will make the decision-making method consistent with advancements in our priorities. The prolongation of this advanced operator helps solve critical data in real life. Cancer is a common and challenging disease that is growing day by day, with the proliferation of cells uncontrollably. It often grows tumors along with a tendency to disseminate to many different regions of the body. Lung Carcinoma(Lung Cancer) is the most common and dangerous type and is comprehensively explored in this study. By considering different stages, traits, and a multitude of complications, the investigation vigilantly focuses on several facets of lung carcinoma. The best therapy to overcome this problem is concluded by incorporating our established Bipolar Linear Diophantine Fuzzy Weighted Aggregation Operators. In spite of researching the problem from the healthcare perspective, the analysis delves into innovative ways for bettering the outcomes from therapies.

Rice tungro disease (RTD), caused by the interaction between rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV) and rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) is a serious constraint in rice production. Natural RTSV resistance is due to a mutation in the translation initiation factor 4 gamma (eIF4G) gene. To develop novel alleles for resistance to RTD through CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genome editing, a guide RNA sequence, having higher GC content and fewer off -targets, targeting exon 7 of eIF4G was designed and cloned into a binary vector, pRGEB32. This construct was used for generating mutations in rice cultivar ASD16 through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. A target region in the thirteen putative mutants generated in this experiment was sequenced, of which six were found to possess indels. The analysis of the predicted amino acid sequence identified deletion mutants that possess near full -length eIF4G gene which can impart resistance to RTSV.

Rice sheath rot has become a highly destructive rice disease with a high variability in yield loss levels varying from 20 to 85%. It is caused by many pathogenic agents varying depending on the area, grown varieties, prevailing environmental conditions, the farming system, other pests, etc. Therefore, sheath rot disease can be effectively managed through crop improvement strategies viz., discovery of resistance sources from varieties, germplasm, landraces, wild genetic resources and further deploying them in breeding programmes. In this study, the level of resistance to sheath rot in 43 rice germplasm accessions were screened and the results were grouped using Darwin 6.0 statistical package from dissimilarity analysis. The percent disease index (PDI) was calculated and varietal reactions were presented. Out of 43 lines screened against sheath rot, six entries viz., Gowri, NLR 3449, Navara, Soorakkuruvai, Keralakandasala, krishnahemavathi were categorised as moderately resistant. Most of the lines and varieties viz., JGL 348, Abhya, LFR293, MDU5, Kalinga, Annada, Kodaikannan, TP-100008, TP-10106, Kuruvaikalanjium, Kalyani, Maranella, Seeragasamba, Thondi, Kavara, TPS-4, TPS-5, TP 08053 were found as moderately susceptible. However, the germplasm lines Swarna, Kattanur, Dhalaheera and JGL 3855 have been reported to be resistant to sheath rot. Sixteen germplasm lines viz., Bharathi, Uma, CO 39, Neikuruvai, CO 50, Rajalakshmi, Karsamba, JGL 1798, CO 51, BPT 5204, Virendra, JGL 1798, CO 51, BPT 5204 and Aman were designated as susceptible and three germplasm lines viz., Athira, Malampunchan, Adukan were found as highly susceptible. None of the entry in the present study was recorded as immune. The present investigation revealed that the resistant and moderately resistant genotypes viz., Swarna, Kattanur, Dhalaheera, JGL 3855, Gowri, NLR3449, Navara, Soorakuruvai, Keralakandasala, and Krishnahemavathi can be utilised in resistant breeding programmes for the development of sheath rot resistant lines in rice.

This paper presents the flexural behaviour of concrete containing ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as a binder, manufactured sand (M-sand) as a fine aggregate, and coconut shell (CS) and crushed stone aggregate (CSA) as coarse aggregates. Alkaline activator sodium hydroxide with 10 molarity and sodium silicate were used in a weighing proportion of 1 : 2.5 to produce structural grade concrete. Out of 12 beams cast, 6 were used to study geopolymer coconut shell concrete (GPCSC) beam behaviour and 6 were used to study geopolymer conventional concrete (GPCC) beam behaviour. Data presented include cracking behaviour, ultimate moment capacitates, deflection behaviour, ductility ratio, and end rotation of the beam. Laboratory investigations show encouraging results, and it can be summarized that coconut shell has good potential as a coarse aggregate for the production of structural grade geopolymer lightweight coconut shell concrete.

Abstract Local binary pattern (LBP) and combination of LBPs have shown to be a powerful and effective descriptor for texture analysis. In this paper, a novel approach to pattern recognition problem namely local line directional neighborhood pattern (LLDNP) for texture classification is proposed. The proposed LLDNP extracts the directional edge information of an image at 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, 90°, 105°, 120°, 135°, 150°, and 165°. The sign and magnitude patterns are computed using the neighborhood pixel values in all directions. The sign pattern provides the local information of an image and is computed by comparing the neighborhood pixels. The magnitude pattern also provides additional information on images. The performance of the proposed method is compared with other existing methods by conducting experiments on five benchmark databases namely Brodatz, Outex, CUReT, UIUC, and Virus. The experimental results prove that the performance of the proposed method has achieved higher retrieval rate than other existing approaches.

Let R be a commutative ring and I be an ideal of R. The ideal based zero-divisor graph, denoted by ΓI(R), is the graph with the vertex set {x∈R−I:xy∈Ifor somey∈R−I} and two distinct vertices x and y are adjacent if and only if xy∈I. In this paper, we classify all finite quotient rings R/I and ideals I of R for which the crosscap of ΓI(R) is at most one. Moreover, we investigate certain properties on the crosscap of ΓI(R) in the general case also.

Let $L$ be a lattice with the least element $0$. An element $xin L$ is a zero divisor if $xwedge y=0$ for some $yin L^*=Lsetminus left{0right}$. The set of all zero divisors is denoted by $Z(L)$. We associate a simple graph $Gamma(L)$ to $L$ with vertex set $Z(L)^*=Z(L)setminus left{0right}$, the set of non-zero zero divisors of $L$ and distinct $x,yin Z(L)^*$ are adjacent if and only if $xwedge y=0$. In this paper, we obtain certain properties and diameter and girth of the zero divisor graph $Gamma(L)$. Also we find a dominating set and the domination number of the zero divisor graph $Gamma(L)$

In this paper a new compact microstrip Bessel low pass filter (LPF) is experimentally validated using complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) which has sharper cut-off and improved spurious band suppression characteristics. The Richard’s transformation and Kuroda’s identities are used for realizing distributed Bessel LPF from the lumped element Bessel LPF. Traditionally Butterworth and Chebyshev LPFs are used in communication systems. Those LPFs exhibits high reflection in the pass-band and it is also very difficult to achieve sharper cut-off. Because of its poor cut-off and non linear phase characteristics, it will create cross talk between microwave systems. In order to overcome the above issues our proposed LPF which has linear phase and sharper cut-off behavior is on ideal subsystem in future microwave systems. Furthermore, to prove its practical viability of the proposed design, a compact microstrip Bessel LPF was designed, simulated, fabricated and measured. It was observed from the experimentally compared results of the proposed Bessel LPF with CSRR has better sharper cut-off characteristic than the without CSRR structure.

Oral cancer refers to the malignancies that occur in the oral cavity, lip and pharynx with 90% of oral cancers being squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). OSCC has the highest mortality ratio compared to other carcinomas. Although oral cavity is easily accessible, most oral cancers are detected at a later stage leading to lower survival rates. Early detection of OSCC is a key factor in improving the prognosis and survival rate of the patient. Rapid advancement in the field of diagnosis has enabled early diagnosis of many potentially malignant conditions even before its clinical manifestations. One such diagnostic modality that has gained much relevance in the field of molecular biology has been the discovery of salivary biomarkers (DNA, RNA and protein markers). These salivary biomarkers have been shown to play a non-invasive role in the diagnosis and surveillance of oral cancer. The direct contact between the saliva and the oral cancer lesions makes it a most sensitive and specific, screening method in diagnosis, staging and follow-up. This review aims to discuss the effectiveness and the potential of salivary biomarkers as a screening tool in OSCC.

The morphology of the root and root canal system plays a significant role in the treatment outcome of endodontic procedures. The necessity of clear and high contrast images for tissues like bone and teeth has made the usage of newer imaging techniques inevitable. This is a rare case report wherein, the permanent posterior dentition of both arches was single rooted. While sporadic cases of single rooted teeth have been reported, it is rare for all the premolars and molars to show such variation. This rare clinical observation has been enhanced by Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), which provides a clear image with added benefits of 3D (Three Dimensional) image reconstruction, low dosage and rapid scan time.

Power conversion systems for demanding applications requiring high power and power quality are increasingly using multi-level converters. Due to its many advantages, such as low harmonic content, low electromagnetic interference (EMI) output, and low power consumption in power switches, the multilayer inverter (MLI) topology is more commonly used in medium and high power applications. The chosen switching technique of the inverter for operation significantly contributes to the suppression of harmonic components while creating the optimal output voltage. A single-phase 7-level cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter (CHB-MLI) with fewer switches and alternative control algorithms is available in MATLAB-based simulation on the SIMULINK platform. In this research, the total harmonic distortion (THD) of several control techniques is compared. From the simulation results, it was found that the proposed artificial neural network (ANN) controller outperforms the proportional-integral (PI) controller. With a lower THD value and a comparatively better sinusoidal waveform, the ANN controller produces an output voltage. It is also more suitable for improving the quality of electricity. The efficiency and performance of the proposed 7-level CHBMI system are demonstrated by the improved sinusoidal output waveform and reduced output voltage THD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]